Art & Culture February 18, 2020 3 This Day in History This Day in History (February 18) th Iran Documentary Participates Today is Tuesday; 29 of the Iranian month of Bahman 1398 solar hijri; corresponding to 23rd of the Islamic month of Jamadi as-Sani 1441 lunar hijri; and February 18, 2020, of the Christian Gregorian Calendar. 1234 lunar years ago, on this day in 207 AH, Taher ibn Hussain, the Iranian general of the Abbasid regime, also known as “Dhu’l-Yaminayn” (The at True/False Festival in U.S. Ambidextrous), and “al-A’waar” (The One-Eyed”), was poisoned to death on the orders of the self-styled Abbasid caliph, Mamoun, shortly after he had omitted Columbia, Missouri, unveiled the interactions, the beauty, humor, the caliph’s name from the Friday Prayer sermons and declared the independence screening program of the festival’s and tragedy of the characters’ daily of Greater Khorasan – covering what is now western Afghanistan, Tajikistan, 17th edition, among which is the lives confirm that a murder story Kirghizstan, parts of Turkmenistan, and most of Uzbekistan. Born in Pushang, a village near Herat, he rose into prominence during the rule of Haroun and after Iranian documentary ‘Sunless is never simple. Women opting for him served the cause of Mamoun for the caliphate against the rule of Amin in Shadows’, directed by Mehrdad violence is a complex decision— Baghdad. In the decisive Battle of Rayy he scored a surprise victory over the Oskouei. perhaps anywhere in the world,” formidable army of Ali ibn Isa ibn Mahan, and after killing him, led the armies Filmed in a small juvenile IDFA wrote in praise of the film. into Iraq to defeat and kill Amin and proclaim Mamoun as the sole caliph. He is detention center, ‘Sunless True/False Film Fest is an annual considered the founder of the short-lived Taherid dynasty of Khorasan that was overthrown by the Saffarids, who were also Iranians. Shadows’ steps into the enclosed documentary film festival founded 1118 solar years ago, on this day in 901 AD, the Sabian scholar and world of five young women, all in 2004. The festival offers a mathematician, Thabet Ibn Qurra al-Harrani, died. He greatly contributed to such accomplices in the murder of heightened four-day weekend of important mathematical discoveries as the extension of the concept of number their abusive husbands, fathers, or creative placemaking in which to positive real numbers, integral calculus, theorems in spherical trigonometry, brothers-in-law. filmmakers, artists, musicians analytic geometry, and non-Euclidean geometry. In astronomy he was one of the first reformers of the Ptolemaic system, writing the book“Concerning the Motion The film had its world premiere and others remake the mid- of the Eighth Sphere”. Including observations of the Sun, eight complete treatises at the 32nd International sized college town of Columbia, by Thabet on astronomy have survived. In mechanics he was a founder of statics. Documentary Film Festival Missouri into a one-of-a-kind He wrote “The Book on the Beam Balance” in which he finds the conditions for A still from Iranian documentary ‘Sunless Shadows’. Amsterdam (IDFA) in the utopia, according to the event’s the equilibrium of a heavy beam. Netherlands in December, where it organizers. In 2006, it won the 818 solar years ago, on this day in 1201 AD, the famous Iranian Islamic TEHRAN (MNA) – Iranian program of 17th True/False Film theologian and scientist, Mohammad Ibn Hassan, known popularly as Khwaja grabbed the festival’s best director Riverfront Times best film festival. documentary ‘Sunless Shadows’, Festival in the U.S. Naseer od-Din Tusi was born in the city of Tus, near the holy city of Mashhad award. ‘Sunless Shadows’ was realized in Khorasan, northeastern Iran. He was an outstanding philosopher, scientist, directed by Mehrdad Oskouei, has The organizers of the True/ “Through breathtaking with the support of the IDFA mathematician and astronomer who made valuable contributions to the been selected as part of the screening False Film Fest, taking place in monologues and whip-smart Bertha Fund. development of science and civilization. About the real essence of the Milky Way, Ṭusi in his book on astronomy “at-Tadhkirah fi Ilm al-Hayyah”, wrote three centuries before Galileo: “The Milky Way, i.e. the galaxy, is made up of a very large number of small, tightly-clustered stars, which, on account of their Toronto Screens ‘Short Wave’ at Cinematheque of Didar concentration and smallness, seem to be cloudy patches. Because of this, it was likened to milk in colour.” TEHRAN (IFILM) -- The Iranian Esmaeeli, the film is adapted from a attempts to silence them. 5th Alexandria Short Film Festival in He wrote some 80 books in both Arabic and Persian on various subjects Cinematheque of Didar in Toronto has story written by Gholam-Hossein The short title has received the Greece. including “Tajrid al-Eʿteqad” on theology, “Akhlaq-e Naseri” on ethics, “Sharh selected the short film ‘Short Wave’ Saedi. Best Experimental/Art Film award The Iranian Cinematheque of Didar al-Isharaat Ibn Sina” on philosophy, and “Kitab ash-Shakl al-Qatta” on for screening during a program named mathematics, etc. It is to be noted that a 60-km diameter lunar crater located on It tells the story of a man who is at the 15th Annual West Chester screenings will be followed by Q&A the southern hemisphere of the moon is named after him as “Naseereddin”. A “Screening of Tirgan”. struggling with the annoying sound International Short Film Festival in sessions, attended by the film crews, minor planet discovered by Soviet astronomer Nikolai Stepanovich Chernykh in Written and directed by Mohammad of his environment and shows his the US and a Special Mention at the on February 21. 1979 is named after him “10269 Tusi”. 765 lunar years ago, on this day in 676 AH, the great Islamic scholar and researcher, Shaikh Abu’l-Qasim Ja’far bin Hasan al-Hilli, who has earned lasting Bilingual Version of Iran Popular Children Book Published fame as Muhaqqiq Hilli, passed away. He was maternal uncle of the immortal TEHRAN (IBNA) -- The nostalgic Newby’s top 10 children’s books list scholar Allamah Hilli as well as his tutor. He wrote several books on Fiqh. The most important among them are: “ash-Shara’e”, “Ma’arij, Mu’tabar”, “al- Iranian children book ‘The Little for ‘The Guardian’ in April 2015. Mukhtasar an-Naf’e” etc. Muhaqqiq Hilli was a student of the students of great Black Fish’ (1968) by the late ‎Iranian Earlier, the illustrations by Farshid scholars such as Ibn Idris Hilli. He is acknowledged as the greatest amongst the writer Samad Behrangi has been Mesghali won several awards Fuqaha, and whenever the term “Muhaqqiq” (Reserarcher) is used, it refers to published as a bilingual English including the Hans Christian him alone. Persian ‎version.‎ Andersen Award in 1974. 726 solar years ago, on this day in 1294 AD, Kublai Khan, the fifth Great Khan The book has been already The story is told through the voice of the Mongol Empire from 1260 to 1294 and the founder of the Yuan Dynasty in China died at the age of 79. translated into various languages of an old fish speaking to her 12,000 688 solar years ago, on this day in 1332 AD, Amda Seyon I, Emperor of Ethiopia such as English, Swedish, Italian, children and grandchildren. She began his brutal campaign in the Muslim areas of the Horn of Africa, destroying Turkish and so on. The new English describes the journey of a small towns and cities, desecrating mosques, massacring thousands of people, stealing translation of ‘The Little Black black fish who leaves the safety of their livestock, and plundering their gold, silver and properties. Fish’ has been carried out by Laila the local stream to venture into the 648 solar years ago, on this day in 1372 AD, the Shafe’i hadith scholar, poet, and Ali-Madadi Zonouzi and released world. historian, Shahab od-Din Ahmad ibn Ali ibn Mohammad Ibn Hajar Asqalani, was by Paida va Nahan Publishing in The path of the little fish leads born in Cairo. 615 solar years ago, on this day in 1405 AD, the Turco-Mongol conqueror, Amir 500 copies. down a waterfall and along the Timur, died, while on expedition against China after conquering all the lands First published by Iran’s Center length of the river to the sea. Along from the Mediterranean coast of Syria to River Ganges in India, and from the for the Intellectual Development of the way, the fish meets several eventually ends with the Little for his children’s books. ‎His books Persian Gulf in the south to Moscow in the north. He was of ferocious nature and Children and Young Adults in 1968, interesting characters, including Black Fish setting a lasting example typically portrayed the lives of sometimes destroyed entire cities and massacred whole populations. the new translation of The Little a helpful lizard and the dreaded for others. the children of the urban poor and 474 solar years ago, on this day in 1546 AD, German theologian and iconic figure Black Fish into English by Tiny pelican. Samad Behrangi was a teacher, encouraged the individual to change of the Protestant Reformation in Christianity, Martin Luther, died, at the age of 63. Owl with its award-winning original With both wisdom and courage, social critic, folklorist, translator, his/ her circumstances by her own 456 solar years ago, on this day in 1564 AD, the Italian painter, sculptor, architect, and poet, Michelangelo, died at the age of 89. He created several works of art. illustrations got first in David Cadji the fish travels far and the tale and short story writer. He is ‎famous initiatives. The huge statues which he named Moses and David (not to be confused with the Prophets as he wrongly claimed), and the painting of the so-called Last Judgment are considered as his most important works. Green Tea Extract, 275 solar years ago, on this day in 1745 AD, Italian physicist, Alessandro Giuseppe Antonio Anastasio Volta, who invented the electric battery in 1800, was born. His invention for the first time enabled the reliable, sustained supply of Exercise Reduce current. His voltaic pile used plates of two dissimilar metals and an electrolyte, a number of alternated zinc and silver disks, each separated with porous brine- Fatty Liver Disease soaked cardboard. His device opened a new door to new uses of electricity. Volta also invented the electrophorus, the condenser and the electroscope. His NEW YORK (Dispatches) -- The study of gases included the discovery of methane. The “volt”, a unit of electrical combination of green tea extract measurement, is named after him. and exercise reduced the severity 186 solar years ago, on this day in 1834 AD, French colonial forces, which had of obesity-related fatty liver disease occupied Algeria in 1830, following the weakening of the hold of the Ottoman by 75% in mice fed a high-fat diet, Empire on North Africa, were crushed by the forces of Amir Seyyed Abdul- according to researchers at Penn State. Qader al-Jazaeri al-Hassani, who traced his descent to Imam Hasan al-Mujtaba (AS), the elder grandson and 2nd Infallible Heir of Prophet Mohammad The outcome is important, (SAWA). explained Joshua Lambert, associate 107 solar years ago, on this day in 1913 AD, Pedro Lascurain became President professor of food science, because of Mexico for 45 minutes. It is the shortest term to date of any person as president nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is of any country. a significant global health problem 101 lunar years ago, on this day in 1340 AH, the Islamic scholar, Ayatollah Mul- that is expected to worsen. Because lah Habibollah Sharif Kashani, passed away at the age of 78. He reached the status of the high prevalence of risk factors of Ijtehad at the young age of 18. In addition to focusing on scientific and ethical such as obesity and type 2 diabetes, issues, he also participated in political affairs. He has left behind a large number of fatty liver disease is forecast to compilations, including “Asrar al-Aarefin” (Mysteries of Gnostics). afflict more than 100 million people 55 solar years ago, on this day in 1965 AD, Gambia gained independence from by 2030. And there are currently no British colonial rule as the smallest country of Africa. validated therapies for the disease. 42 solar years ago, on this day in 1978 AD, the people of Tabriz in northwestern In the study, mice fed a high-fat diet Iran rose against the despotic regime of the US supported Shah, on the 40th day of for 16 weeks that consumed green the martyrs of the Qom uprising. This was a historical movement which shocked tea extract and exercised regularly the Pahlavi regime, and triggered a series of uprisings in the different cities of Iran, which ultimately resulted in the downfall of the Shah and victory of the by running on a wheel were found Islamic Revolution. to have just a quarter of the lipid 41 lunar years ago, on this day in 1400 AH, Grand Ayatollah Seyyed Mohammad deposits in their livers compared to Baqer as-Sadr, and his equally learned sister, Amena Haidar, popular as Bint al- those seen in the livers of a control Hoda, after days of torture in prison were martyred by Saddam, the tyrannical group of mice. Mice that were ruler of the Ba’th minority regime of Baghdad. treated with green tea extract alone 41 solar years ago, on this day in 1979 AD, snow fell in the Sahara Desert in or exercise alone had roughly half as The Sarv-e-Khorasan music band stages one of its famous local music performances at Tehran’s Sooreh southern Algeria for the only time in recorded history. much fat in their livers as the control Hall, as part of the 35th Fajr International Music Festival program. (Courtesy: IRIB English Radio – http://parstoday.com/en) group. (Courtesy of Mehr News Agency)