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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS of SMART PHONE OPERATING SYSTEMS ANDROID, APPLE Ios and WINDOWS

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS of SMART PHONE OPERATING SYSTEMS ANDROID, APPLE Ios and WINDOWS

International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Applied Science (IJSEAS) – Volume-2, Issue-2, February 2016 ISSN: 2395-3470 www.ijseas.com COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF SMART PHONE OPERATING SYSTEMS ANDROID, APPLE iOS AND WINDOWS

1 2 K. DivyaP ,P S. Venkata KrishnaKumar P P 1 M Phil Research scholar, Department Of Computer Science, PSG College of Arts & Science, Coimbatore, India. 2 Assistant Professor , Department Of Computer Science, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, India.

Abstract communicator’ which could be referred as ‘smart phone’. Later in 1996, A smart phone is a with released ‘Nokia 9000’ which has also PDA highly advanced features. A smart phone device with a QWERTY keypad with it. has a High resolution touch screen display, Later then mobile phone operating systems WiFi connectivity, web browsing were introduced. capabilities and the ability to accept the sophisticated applications. The majority of Depends upon the operating systems the these devices run on any of these popular mobile phones (now a day’s Smart mobile operating systems such as Android, phones) are classified. More than 80% of iOS, Blackberry and the world mobile market consist of smart Windows operating system. Today the phones as they’re more reliable and easier smart phone world is categorized into three to use. Today in world about 43% there are aspects depends upon the mobile operating Android users, 40% there are iOS users system which is used in a particular smart and are other users. phone.These three major mobile operating systems are Android from , iOS They have easier (UI) which from Apple and Windows from . makes every task easier. The user interface Technology and features may varies from is everything designed into an information one type of to device with which a human being may another type of mobile operating system. interact. This paper produces a comparative study on smart phone operating systems 2. Technology: Android, iOS, Windows. The technology and features of the smart Keywords: Mobile operating system, phones are varies to one operating system Android, iOS, Windows. to another. Depends upon the operating system used in the smart phones the smart 1. History: phones are classified. This classification mainly focuses on three The term smart phone was first described major operating systems such as Android, by the company in 1997. The iOS and Windows OS. term was given to the handsets which has difference from other feature handsets. The most significant difference was that Smart phone the advanced “Application Programming operating systems Interfaces ()”. The first phone to feature cellular + Personal Digital Assistance (PDA) was developed by IBM in 1992 naming ‘simon personal Android iOS Windows OS OS

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International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Applied Science (IJSEAS) – Volume-2, Issue-2, February 2016 ISSN: 2395-3470 www.ijseas.com

makes users get freedom to do anything with their device.

Android allows us to go video calls, phone Apart from these three major smart phone calls, instant messaging at almost no cost. operating systems the operating Ticket bookings are just a click away. system and operating systems Though Android updates don’t change but are used worldwide. it features good crisp looks and HD format supporting features. Totally there are five steps involved in smart phones application development. Some of the features of Android OS are: 1. Strategy Messaging, Web browser, Multi-touch, 2. Design Video calling, Multi tasking and etc. Some 3. Development of the best Android smart phones are: 4. Marketing Note 3, , 5. Maintenance etc. Google, and Samsung At present various smart phone are coming up with smart like applications available. There are n number Samsung Galaxy which are going to of smart phone applications are available revolutionize the smart phone industry. today. 2.2 Apple iOS: Some of the basic applications are in-build with the operating systems. Mobile iOS is one of the best operating system app(smart phone app) is nothing but a from Apple. This strong but expensive computer program run on mobile devices operating system is developed by Apple such as smart phones and tablet PCs. whose native language is C. Recently released its one of the major update in iOS Most such devices are sold with several history that is iOS 7. iOS 7 allows us to apps included as pre-installed function between various apps, a similar such as Web browser, e-mail client, UI(User Interface) than previous versions. , mapping program and an app for Paying electricity bills, bank accounts buying music or other media or more apps. maintenance are a tap away. It has improved , 2.1 Android: Airdrop(programming concepts) to transfer files. Control center which allows Android OS is the most widely used us to toggle different functions just at a operating system in 2012 and 2013. This is tap. Up to that level it is easier than other a software platform and operating system tasks. for mobile devices which is based on Apple i phone 5S also contains world’s kernel and is developed by Google first and fastest A7 chip with 64 bit but later on by architecture and M7 motion co-processor (OHA). Its native language is Java which chip. Apple i phone 5S also includes a is the officially supported language. Now a finger print sensor which is the first ever days Android 4.0 ice-cream sandwich, technology launched by Apple. Some of Android 4.1, 4.2 and 4.3 jelly bean are the best iOS smart phones are: i Phone rd most widely used on September 3P P 2013, 5(discontinued now), i Phone 5C, i Phone Android 4.4 kitkat is released by Google in 5S, i Pad 4, i Pad Mini, Z3+ its next 7. There are more etc. than 1 million Apps in which

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International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Applied Science (IJSEAS) – Volume-2, Issue-2, February 2016 ISSN: 2395-3470 www.ijseas.com

Apple is now preparing to launch the update of its new software iOS 7. iOS 7 has some bugs need to be fixed, iOS 7.0.2 has been launched yet the software is not fully bus free.

Apple is preparing its next gen device fourth quarter of 2014 work on finger print sensor’s efficiency is being done.

2.3 Windows:

Windows operating system is one which is the most widely used operating system developed by Microsoft Corporation. Windows phones has the world’s best 3.1.1 Applications: UI(User Interface) allowing us to hover over the apps with just a slide. Android app will be shipped with a set of core applications including client, SMS 7 was launched by program, calendar, maps, browser, Microsoft in 2010 which was the further contacts, and others. All these application updated to . Now programs are developed in Java. Windows phone 8 is further updated to .1. It consist X Box gaming 3.1.2 : which allows users to experience console level gaming. It allows Multi-tasking, The developer is allowed to all the installing third party apps. API framework of the core programs. The application framework simplifies the reuse Earlier the Windows phone OS was not of its components. compatible with large screen and Any other app can release its functional Tablets but now Nokia is working on a 6- components and all other apps can access inch and Microsoft is making its and use this component (but have to follow OS to be compatible with it. the security of the framework). Some of the best Windows smart phones are: , , Same as the users can be able to substitute HTC Mobile Radar and etc. the program components with this reuse mechanism. Windows phone software are developing for large screen smart phones which means 3.1.3 Libraries and Android Runtime: soon Windows Tablets and Phablets will be seen. Windows has launched its Surface The is divided in to two 2 Computer which acts like a smart phone components: Android Runtime and and as well as a computer. Android Library. Android Runtime is consisted of a Java Core Library and 3. Architecture: Dalvik virtual machine.

3.1 Architecture of Android OS: The Core Library provides Java core library with most functions. Dalvik virtual machine is register virtual machine and

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International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Applied Science (IJSEAS) – Volume-2, Issue-2, February 2016 ISSN: 2395-3470 www.ijseas.com makes some specific improvements for The layer defines the basic application and . support for key technologies such as multi- tasking, touch-based input, push Android system library support the notifications and many high-level system application framework, it is also an services. Cocoa touch follows a Model- important link connecting between View-Controller(MVC) software application framework and . Architecture. This system library is developed in C or C++ language. 3.2.2 Media Layer:

These libraries can also be utilized by the The Media Layer contains the graphics, different components in the Android audio, and video technologies. Graphics system. They provide service for the technologies includes Core Graphics, Core developers through the application Animation and OpenGL technologies framework. which handles 2D vector and animating views and 2D and 3D figures. 3.1.4 Linux Kernel: Audio Technologies supports rich audio experience and audio formats like AAC, The kernel system service provided by Apple Lossless(ALAC), A-law and Linear Android inner nuclear layer is based on PCM. Linux 2.6 kernel, Operations like internal storage, management, internet Video technologies support the Playback protocol, bottom-drive and other core of movie files with the .mov, .mp4, .m4v service are all based on Linux kernel and .3gp filename extensions.

3.2.3 Core Services:

Contains the High-level features that all 3.2 Architecture of Apple iOS: applications use such as iCloud Storage, Core services framework. iCloud Storage lets your application data to a central location and access those items from all user’s computer and iOS device.Core services framework includes Accounts framework, Address book framework and Core Data framework for user accounts, contacts and for managing model-view- controller application.

3.2.4 Core OS:

Contains the low-level features such as Accelerate framework, Core framework and External accessory 3.2.1 Cocoa Touch Layer: framework. Accelerate frame work contains interfaces for performing DSP, The Cocoa Touch Layer contains the key Linear algebra and image processing frameworks for building iOS applications. calculations.The Core Bluetooth framework allows developers to interact

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International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Applied Science (IJSEAS) – Volume-2, Issue-2, February 2016 ISSN: 2395-3470 www.ijseas.com specifically Bluetooth Low-energy will support ARM with apps) and accessories. External accessory framework that standard x86 apps built the "old way" provides support for communicating with will still continue to work, but are not hardware accessories attached to an iOS considered metro apps, nor are they cross- based device. platform compatible. There is also an for metro apps. 3.3 Architecture of Windows OS: 4. Comparison of Android, Apple iOS and Windows OS: Parameter/O Android iOS Windows S Family Linux Darwin Windows- NT Vendor Open handset Apple Inc Microsoft Alliance, Google Corp Environment Eclipse(Google) Xcode(Appl Visual e) Studio Source model Closed Closed source source License Free and open Proprietary proprietary source E ULA Except for open source

Written in C, C++, Java C, C++, C#, Objective C, VB.NET,F 3.3.1 Core OS Services: Swift #, C++, J Script Initial release September June 29, October The core operating system (OS) services 23,2008 2007 21, 2010 consist of the kernel and other features. Latest 5.1 “Lollipop” I Phone6 Windows Core OS services enable low-level tasks, Release March 10,2015 september1, phone 8.1 2014 December such as process, , and memory 5, 2014 management. Basic device drivers are also Runs on Computers, smart I Phone, I Personal phones, Tablets, pad, I pad compueter part of the Core OS services. TVs touch s, smart phones, 3.3.2 WinRT APIs: computers Market share 48.8% 17.2% 19.5% WinRT APIs provide various features for Market size Very high High Medium enable the system services such as data communication, graphics and media and Application Google play App store Windows store phone etc. This API is written in C++ on top of store Win32 and the COM interface. It Virtual Allowed Not-allowed Allowed is exposed out to other languages (in Machine Non-English Partial Yes Yes particular C++/CX, C#, Visual Basic and language Javascript) via API meta-data files support Debugger Available Available Available (.winmd files).

Cross Android only I phone, I Windows 3.3.3 Metro Style Applications: Platform pad, I pad mobile, deployment touch FU, CE A Metro style app is an app built using HTML5 or XAML+(C#,VB or C++), on Microsoft's new APIs - in short, it's a an app-widget-kind a-thing. Note that this is cross-platform compatible (Windows 8

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International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Applied Science (IJSEAS) – Volume-2, Issue-2, February 2016 ISSN: 2395-3470 www.ijseas.com

GUI Android Cocoa Visual Touch Studio

Future Very High High Medium prospect

Table 1: comparison on Android, iOS and Windows Table 1 shows the various parameters related to mobile operating systems Android, iOS and Windows. This Statistical Graph shows the global market share of Android, iOS and 4.1 Smart phone Operating system operating systems. From marketing Share: this graph we can assume that Android covers more percentage on Global share.

4.3 Top Three Operating Systems, Unit Shipments, Market Share, and Year-Over-Year Growth, Calendar Year 2014 Data (Units in Millions):

The above Bar-Chat shows the marketing share of smart phone operating systems. In Table 2: overall Unit Shipments of Android, iOS and overall market share Android posses 48% Windows for the year 2014 in Dec2014 and 56% in Feb2015. Apple posses 48% in Dec2014 and 39% in Thus the table shows that the Android is in Feb2015. Microsoft posses 4% in Dec2014 the first position with 32.0% of overall and 5% in Feb 2015. Blackberry and other unit shipments. The iOS is in the second operating systems posses 0.3% in Dec2014 position with 25.6% of overall unit and 0.1% in Feb 2015. shipments. Windows is in the third position with 4.2% of overall unit 4.2 Global market share held by the shipments. leading smart phone operating systems in sales to end users from 1st quarter 2009 to 3rd quarter 2015 Conclusion:

Smart phones like provide various functionalities like use of application, usability, web browsing, running GPS, expendable memory, multi-

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International Journal of Scientific Engineering and Applied Science (IJSEAS) – Volume-2, Issue-2, February 2016 ISSN: 2395-3470 www.ijseas.com tasking, multi-processing, playing games, [5] Thomas Renner SNET Project social networking etc. In this paper we Technische Universit¨at Berlin. Mobile OS have presented a detail review and - Features, Concepts and Challenges for comparative analysis of smart phone Enterprise Environments. International operating systems Android, iOS and Journal of Advancements in Research & Windows OS. We have made comparison Technology, volume2 issue 3. between Android, iOS and Windows OS. From this comparative analysis we have [6] Mr. Sumedh P. Ingale1, Prof. Sunil R. found that Android and Windows Gupta. operating systems are superior than other Security In Android Based Smartphone. operating systems. Android gets 80.7% International Journal of Application or and is the best smart phone operating Innovation in Engineering & Management system in world today. We can also use it (IJAIEM)Volume 3, Issue 3, March 2014. as an Educational tool. Due to Android an open source operating system the user can [7]May, H. and G. Hearn, The mobile easily install third-party applications from phone as media. International Journal of the market and ever from unreliable Cultural Studies, 2005. 8(2): p. 195-211. sources. Due to this it has some limitations which lead to malware attacks like viruses, [8]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IPhone30TU U30T warms, spywares, adware and Trojan horse. [9]http://www.ithaca.edu/barr/Student/CS330TU

90/docs/iPhoneOSTechOverview.pdfU30T This paper provide a comparative analysis on smart phone operating systems and [10]http://gama.vtu.lt/biblioteka/Operating30TU through this analysis we can said that at _systems/Operating_systems.pdfU30T present Android is the Best operating system for the smart phone used by [11]http://venturebeat.com/2009/01/01/and30TU globally. roid-netbooks-on-their-way-likely-by-2010 U30T

References: [12]http://elinux.org/Android_Architecture30TU U30T

[1] Wei, M., Chandran, A., Chang, H.-P., Chang, J.-H. and Nichols, C. (2009) Comprehensive Analysis of Smartphone OS Capabilities and Performance.

[2] Sharma, T.N., Beniwal, M.Kr. and Sharma, A. (2013) Comparative Study of Different Mobile Operating Systems. International Journal of Advancements in Research & Technology, 2, 1-2.

[3] Maker, F., Chan, Y., “A Survey on Android vs. Linux”, University of California, 2009

[4] May, H. and G. Hearn, The mobile phone as media. International Journal of Cultural Studies, 2005. 8(2): p. 195-211.

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