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The Nautilus '•.»•- t JANUARY, 1973 THE NAUTILUS Vol. 87 No. 1 A quarterly devoted to malacology and the interests of conchologists ifcgical L?.^or5itory JAN 2 61973 J Founded 1889 by Henry A. Pilsbry. Continued by H. Burrington Baker. Editors; R. Tucker Abbott and Charles B. Wurtz EDITORIAL COMMITTEE CONSULTING EDITORS Dr. Arthur H. Clarke, Jr. Dr. Donald R. Moore Department of Mollusks Division of Marine Geology National Museum of Canada School of Marine and Atmospheric Science Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1A-0M8 1 Rickenbacker Causeway Miami, Florida 33149 Dr. William J. Clench Curator Emeritus Dr. Joseph Rosewater Museum of Comparative Zoology Division of Mollusks Cambridge, Mass. 02138 U. S. National Museum D.C. Dr. William K. Emerson Washington, 20560 Department of Living Invertebrates Dr. G. Alan Solem The American Museum of Natural History Department of Invertebrates New York, New York 10024 Field Museum of Natural History Mr. Morris K. Jacobson Chicago, Illinois 60605 Department of Living Invertebrates Dr. David H. Stansbery The American Museum of Natural History Museum of Zoology York, New New York 1 0024 The Ohio State University Dr. Aurele La Rocque Columbus, Ohio 43210 Department of Geology Dr. Ruth D. Turner The Ohio State University Department of Mollusks Columbus, Ohio 43210 Museum of Comparative Zoology Dr. James H. McLean Cambridge, Mass. 02138 Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History Dr. Gilbert L. Voss 900 Exposition Boulevard Division of Biology Los Angeles, California 90007 School of Marine and Atmospheric Science Dr. Arthur S. Merrill 10 Rickenbacker Causeway Biological Laboratory Miami, Florida 33149 National Marine Fisheries Service Oxford, Maryland 21654 EDITORS Dr. R. Tucker Abbott Dr. Charles B. Wurtz Delaware Museum of Natural History 3220 Penn Street Box 3937, GreenvQle, Delaware 19807 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19129 Mrs. Horace B. Baker OFFICE OF PUBLICATION Business and Subscription Manager Delaware Museum of Natural History 1 1 Chelten Road Kennett Pike, Route 52 Havertown, Pennsylvania 19083 Box 3937, Greenville, Delaware 19807 Second Class Postage paid at Wilmington, Delaware Subscription Price: $7.00 (see inside back cover) ^jft^!^P>\ THE ' ,, / NAUTILUS '-'-'.'' (^ , io- \ Volume 87, number 1 --January 1973 CONTENTS '^ David L. West Notes on the Development ofColus stimpsoni {Prosohr^nchia: Buccinidae) 1 T. S. Katsigianis and W. N. Harman Variation in the Radular Teeth of Helisoma anceps(Menke) 5 Branley A. Branson Significant Pelecypod Records from Oklahoma 8 James B. Sickel A New Record of Corbicula manilensis (Philipp'i) in the Southern Atlantic Slope Region of Georgia ..11 David Bickel Non-marine Mollusks and Two New Species ofPisidium from the Tongue River Formation (Paleocene), North Dakota 13 John W. Ropes and Arthur S. Merrill To What Extent Do Surf Clams Move? 19 William K. Emerson LeoGeorgeHertlein(1898-1972), AnObituaryandFinalBibliography 22 John W. Clark, Jr. The Problem of the Land Snail Genus Rabdotus in Texas Archeological Sites 24 Lothar Forcart Noteson Veronicellidae and Athoracophoridae in the Field Museum of Natural History, Chicago ... .25 SHORT PAPERS James L. Murphy Cerion from an Archeological Site in Northern Ohio 28 J. P. E. Morrison New Name for a Texas Hvdrobia 28 Dorothy E. Beetle Phvsa acuta in Virginia 28 R. Tucker Abbott Spread ofMelanoides tuberculata (Thiaridae) 29 Dorothy E. Beetle Fresh-water MoUusks from Coastal Virginia 29 Book Reviews (oOPat Halliday,4; A. Feininger and W. K. Emerson, 12;S. and L.Goodman, 22; K.J. Boss, 29. Obituary and News 27, 30 i STATEMENT OF OWNERSHIP. MANAGEMENT AND CIR- owning or holding 1 percent or more of total amount of bonds, mortgages or other securities: none. CULATION (Required by) Act of October 23, 1962: Section 9. Extent and Nature of Circulation: 39. United States Code, and postal regulation 4396. Title Average Single 132-622. 12 Mos. Issue Title of publication: THE NAUTILUS. 1. A. Total No. Copies Printed (Net Press Run) 1,000 1,000 2. Date of filing, September 25, 1972. B. Paid Circulation 3. Frequency of issue: Quarterly (4 per year). 1. Sales through dealers and carriers, 4. Location of known office of publication: Delaware Museum vendors and counter sales none of Natural History, Kennett Pike, Box 3937, Greenville, De. street 19807. 2. Mail subscriptions C. Total Paid Circulation 5. Location of the Headquarters or General Business Offices of the Publishers: Delaware Museum of Natural History, Ken- D. Free Distribution (including samples) nett Pike, Box 3937, Greenville, De. 19807. by mail, carrier or other means of 6. Names and addresses of publisher, editor, and managing edi- E. Total Distribution (Sum C & D) tor: Publisher, Mrs. Horace Burrington Baker, 11 Chelten F. Office use, left-over, unaccounted and Rd., Havertown, Pa. 19083. Editor, R. Tucker Abbott, Dela- back start subscription copies ware Museum of Natural History, Box 3937, Greenville, De. G. Total (Sum of E & F) - should equal net 19807. Managingeditor, none. press run shown in A. 7. Owner: Mrs. Horace Burrington Baker, 11 Chelten Rd., I certify that the statements made by me Havertown, Pa. 19803. and complete, 8. Known bondholders, mortgages, and other security holders (signed) R. Tucker Abbott, Editor Vol. 87(1) THE NAUTILUS NOTES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF COLUS STIMPSONl (PROSOBRANCHIA: BUCCINIDAE)' David L. West Marine Science Institute Northeastern University Nahant, Mass. 01908 ABSTRACT The buccinid whelk of New England, Colus stimpsoni (March), feeds on the snails, Littorina littorea (Linnej and Polinices heros (Say), and occasionally on damaged bi- valves. In the laboratory, C. stimpsoni lays single capsules on rocks, each containing 4,000 5,500 eggs, but with only 1 to 8 eventually developing into young snails. During five years of observations, capsule-laying occurred from February to May. Development to a shell length of 5 to 8 mm takes 5 to 6 months. Colus stimpsoni (Morch, 1 867) ranges from Maine the capsules were preyed upon by small Colus. to North Carolina along the Atlantic coast, and oc- In the laboratory, C. stimpsoni deposits egg cap- curs intertidally in its nortliernmost range. For the sules throughout the year with increased deposition past 5 years, a population of C. stimpsoni has been from February to May. Capsule-laying can be stimu- maintained at the Marine Science Institute. The orig- lated by periods of starvation followed by abundant inal population and subsequent additions were col- food (similarly reported for Thais by D'Asaro, 1966). lected intertidally at Cobscook Bay State Park, Capsules are laid singly and attached to rocks, the Edmunds, Maine and at Eastport, Maine. A few ob- sides of aquaria, and occasionally on the shells of liv- servations on the larval development are herein de- ing C stimpsoni. Each capsule contains approxi- scribed. mately 4,000 to 5,500 eggs. Littorina littorea (L.) serves as a food item in the In surface view, the capsules (Fig. 1 ) are circular to field and is used to maintain C. stimpsoni in the oval (10 - 16 mm. diameter) and, in side view, are laboratory as recorded by Riser (1969). However, it subhemispherical (4 - 8 mm. in height). The capsule will feed as well on Polinices heros (Say). The be- operculum (exit hole) is fusiform and measures 4-5 havior of Colus wliile feeding on P. heros is the same mm. in long axis and 3-4 mm. in short axis. When the as for L. littorea (for description see Riser, 1969). capsule is viewed from the side, the operculum is situ- However, there is one important additional condition. ated 1/3 - 2/3 the distance from the base to the apex. When P. heros is moving about and has its metapo- Capsules are whitish hyaline in appearance with a yel- dium extended, Colus cannot attack. The predator low central portion containing the eggs. The capsule cannot gain purchase when the prey's metapodium is surface is slightly undulated with irregular striations. extended over the sheU. C. stimpsoni has also been These egg capsules appear very similar to those of observed to feed on damaged bivalves and, on one oc- Colus (=Sipho) islandicus (Gmelin) figured by casion, upon a molting hermit crab. Smaller snails Thorson (1935: 14, Fig. 5). In cross section the cap- (less than 7 cm.) have also been observed to feed on sule wall is composed of 3 differentially staining lay- dead, gaping Mercenaria mercenaria (L.) In the labo- ers and appears similar to the capsule wall of Ur- ratory the smaller snails will feed also on the de- osalpinx cinerea (Say) described by Tamarin and Car- posited egg capsules of its own species. Crowded con- riker(1968). ditions in the aquaria may lend to this behavior. Individual eggs measure 1 80-1 90 /n in diameter and Thorson (1935) suggested that the capsules of Colus are densely packed with large yolk granules. (=Sipho) curtus (Jeffreys) were attacked by various The number of young snails which develop in a Natica in East Greenland. However, it is possible that capsule varies from 1 to 8 (occasionally none) with an average of 4. The remaining eggs serve as food for the 'Contribution number 18 from the Marine Science developing young. There is apparently no relation be- Institute. tween the size of the capsule and the number of snails THE NAUTILUS January 1973 Vol. 87(1) which develop. The largest capsules do not always As the veliger continues to ingest the nurse eggs, contain the largest numbers of developing young. the visceral mass increases in size at a rapid rate. The The first indication of embryos (which are young head vesicle and foot enlarge slightly, and the velum veligers) within a capsule still attached to the sub- expands laterally (figs. 4 & 5). strate is what appears to be an enlarged egg, 15-20 Development is usually delayed at this stage until days after capsule deposition. The early veliger (figs.
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