Village Tract of Mon State
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Burmese Buddhist Imagery of the Early Bagan Period (1044 – 1113) Buddhism Is an Integral Part of Burmese Culture
Burmese Buddhist Imagery of the Early Bagan Period (1044 – 1113) 2 Volumes By Charlotte Kendrick Galloway A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy of The Australian National University November 2006 ii Declaration I declare that to the best of my knowledge, unless where cited, this thesis is my own original work. Signed: Date: Charlotte Kendrick Galloway iii Acknowledgments There are a number of people whose assistance, advice and general support, has enabled me to complete my research: Dr Alexandra Green, Dr Bob Hudson, Dr Pamela Gutman, Dick Richards, Dr Tilman Frasch, Sylvia Fraser- Lu, Dr Royce Wiles, Dr Don Stadtner, Dr Catherine Raymond, Prof Michael Greenhalgh, Ma Khin Mar Mar Kyi, U Aung Kyaing, Dr Than Tun, Sao Htun Hmat Win, U Sai Aung Tun and Dr Thant Thaw Kaung. I thank them all, whether for their direct assistance in matters relating to Burma, for their ability to inspire me, or for simply providing encouragement. I thank my colleagues, past and present, at the National Gallery of Australia and staff at ANU who have also provided support during my thesis candidature, in particular: Ben Divall, Carol Cains, Christine Dixon, Jane Kinsman, Mark Henshaw, Lyn Conybeare, Margaret Brown and Chaitanya Sambrani. I give special mention to U Thaw Kaung, whose personal generosity and encouragement of those of us worldwide who express a keen interest in the study of Burma's rich cultural history, has ensured that I was able to achieve my own personal goals. There is no doubt that without his assistance and interest in my work, my ability to undertake the research required would have been severely compromised – thank you. -
Bilin, Thaton, Kyaikto and Hpa- an Townships, September to November 2014
Situation Update February 10, 2015 / KHRG #14-101-S1 Thaton Situation Update: Bilin, Thaton, Kyaikto and Hpa- an townships, September to November 2014 This Situation Update describes events occurring in Bilin, Thaton, Kyaikto and Hpa-an townships, Thaton District during the period between September to November 2014, including armed groups’ activities, forced labour, restrictions on the freedom of movement, development activities and access to education. th • On October 7 2014, Border Guard Force (BGF) Battalion #1014 Company Commander Tin Win from Htee Soo Kaw Village ordered A---, B---, C--- and D--- villagers to work for one day. Ten villagers had to cut wood, bamboo and weave baskets to repair the BGF army camp in C--- village, Hpa-an Township. • In Hpa-an Township, two highways were constructed at the beginning of 2013 and one highway was constructed in 2014. Due to the construction of the road, villagers who lived nearby had their land confiscated and their plants and crops were destroyed. They received no compensation, despite reporting the problem to Hpa-an Township authorities. • In the academic year of 2013-2014 more Burmese government teachers were sent to teach in Karen villages. Villagers are concerned as they are not allowed to teach the Karen language in the schools. Situation Update | Bilin, Thaton, Kyaikto and Hpa-an townships, Thaton District (September to November 2014) The following Situation Update was received by KHRG in December 2014. It was written by a community member in Thaton District who has been trained by KHRG to monitor local human rights conditions. It is presented below translated exactly as originally written, save for minor edits for clarity and security.1 This report was received along with other information from Thaton District, including one incident report.2 This report concerns the situation in the region, the villagers’ feelings, armed groups’ activities, forced labour, development activities, support to villagers and education problems occurring between the beginning of September and November 2014. -
Unlocking Civil Society and Peace in Myanmar
UNLOCKING CIVIL SOCIETY AND PEACE IN MYANMAR Opportunities, obstacles and undercurrents ABOUT THE COVER DESIGN: The cover design is a reflection of the dynamism of civil society in Myanmar, which is inherently complex, fluid, and interconnected. The bar charted along the outer circumference of the circle depicts the number of people working in each organisation. The inner lines meet when one of those people is engaged or connected with another organisation. The many crossings show how civil society interacts, networks, grows and expands. Alone they are each significant but together they make broad, impactful strokes. This visualisation was created using primary data collected throughout the research process for this Discussion Paper. CIVIL SOCIETY: A BRIDGE BETWEEN THE FAMILY & THE STATE FAMILY STATE RAPID GROWTH TRIGGERED BY TRANSITION & KEY EVENTS Cyclone Nargis 8888 Political Uprising 1980s 1990s 2000s 2010s EFFECTIVENESS IN KEY PEACEBUILDING FUNCTIONS Social Service Facilitation/ Socialisation Advocacy Protection Cohesion Monitoring Delivery Mediation Low Medium High ✁ CIVIL SOCIETY IN MYANMAR: TRENDS 1 2 3 NEW ORGANISATIONS REGISTRATION POLICY CSOs A boom in new CSOs More groups are Want to engage ocially registering more in policy 6 5 4 YOUTH GENDER NETWORKS Youth organisations are Women’s organisations are CSO’s build networks becoming more prominent advocating for gender participation 7 8 9 CEASEFIRES CROSSBORDER LITERATURE AND CULTURE Bi-lateral ceasefires Cross-border Groups that preserve transform relations organisations are -
Myanmar | Content | 1 Putao
ICS TRAVEL GROUP is one of the first international DMCs to open own offices in our destinations and has since become a market leader throughout the Mekong region, Indonesia and India. As such, we can offer you the following advantages: Global Network. Rapid Response. With a centralised reservations centre/head All quotation and booking requests are answered office in Bangkok and 7 sales offices. promptly and accurately, with no exceptions. Local Knowledge and Network. Innovative Online Booking Engine. We have operations offices on the ground at every Our booking and feedback systems are unrivalled major destination – making us your incountry expert in the industry. for your every need. Creative MICE team. Quality Experience. Our team of experienced travel professionals in Our goal is to provide a seamless travel experience each country is accustomed to handling multi- for your clients. national incentives. Competitive Hotel Rates. International Standards / Financial Stability We have contract rates with over 1000 hotels and All our operational offices are fully licensed pride ourselves on having the most attractive pricing and financially stable. All guides and drivers are strategies in the region. thoroughly trained and licensed. Full Range of Services and Products. Wherever your clients want to go and whatever they want to do, we can do it. Our portfolio includes the complete range of prod- ucts for leisure and niche travellers alike. ICS TRAVEL ICSGROUPTRAVEL GROUP Contents Introduction 3 Tours 4 Cruises 20 Hotels 24 Yangon 24 Mandalay 30 Bagan 34 Mount Popa 37 Inle Lake 38 Nyaung Shwe 41 Ngapali 42 Pyay 45 Mrauk U 45 Ngwe Saung 46 Excursions 48 Hotel Symbol: ICS Preferred Hotel Style Hotel Boutique Hotel Myanmar | Content | 1 Putao Lahe INDIA INDIA Myitkyina CHINA CHINA Bhamo Muse MYANMAR Mogok Lashio Hsipaw BANGLADESHBANGLADESH Mandalay Monywa ICS TRA VEL GR OUP Meng La Nyaung Oo Kengtung Mt. -
Members of Parliament-Elect, Myanmar/Burma
To: Hon. Mr. Ban Ki-moon Secretary-General United Nations From: Members of Parliament-Elect, Myanmar/Burma CC: Mr. B. Lynn Pascoe, Under-Secretary-General, United Nations Mr. Ibrahim Gambari, Under-Secretary-General and Special Adviser to the Secretary- General on Myanmar/Burma Permanent Representatives to the United Nations of the five Permanent Members (China, Russia, France, United Kingdom and the United states) of the UN Security Council U Aung Shwe, Chairman, National League for Democracy Daw Aung San Suu Kyi, General Secretary, National League for Democracy U Aye Thar Aung, Secretary, Committee Representing the Peoples' Parliament (CRPP) Veteran Politicians The 88 Generation Students Date: 1 August 2007 Re: National Reconciliation and Democratization in Myanmar/Burma Dear Excellency, We note that you have issued a statement on 18 July 2007, in which you urged the State Peace and Development Council (SPDC) (the ruling military government of Myanmar/Burma) to "seize this opportunity to ensure that this and subsequent steps in Myanmar's political roadmap are as inclusive, participatory and transparent as possible, with a view to allowing all the relevant parties to Myanmar's national reconciliation process to fully contribute to defining their country's future."1 We thank you for your strong and personal involvement in Myanmar/Burma and we expect that your good offices mandate to facilitating national reconciliation in Myanmar/Burma would be successful. We, Members of Parliament elected by the people of Myanmar/Burma in the 1990 general elections, also would like to assure you that we will fully cooperate with your good offices and the United Nations in our effort to solve problems in Myanmar/Burma peacefully through a meaningful, inclusive and transparent dialogue. -
A Case Study from Myanmar How to Inform, Empower, and Impact Communities
INFORMATION ECOSYSTEMS in transition: A case stUDY from myanmar HOW to inform, emPOWer, anD imPact commUnities Mon State, Myanmar Pilot Study PART ONE: RESEARCH FINDINGS ABOUT THE AUTHORS ABOUT THE RESEARCH TEAM EXecUtiVE SUmmary Andrew Wasuwongse is a graduate of the Johns Hopkins Established in 1995, Myanmar Survey Research (MSR) University’s School of Advanced International Studies in is a market and social research company based in Washington, DC. He holds a master’s degree in International Yangon, Myanmar. MSR has produced over 650 Relations and International Economics, with a concentration research reports in the fields of social, market, and in Southeast Asia Studies. While a research assistant for environmental research over the past 16 years for UN the SAIS Burma Study Group, he supported visits by three agencies, INGOs, and business organizations. Burmese government delegations to Washington, DC, including officials from Myanmar’s Union Parliament, ABOUT INTERNEWS in MYANMAR Ministry of Health, and Ministry of Industry. He has worked as a consultant for World Vision Myanmar, where he led an Internews is an international nonprofit organization whose assessment of education programs in six regions across mission is to empower local media worldwide to give people Myanmar, and has served as an English teacher in Kachin the news and information they need, the ability to connect State, Myanmar, and in Thailand on the Thai-Myanmar border. and the means to make their voices heard. Internews He speaks Thai and Burmese. provides communities with the resources to produce local news and information with integrity and independence. Alison Campbell is currently Internews’ Senior Director With global expertise and reach, Internews trains both media for Global Initiatives based in Washington, DC, overseeing professionals and citizen journalists, introduces innovative Internews’ environmental, health and humanitarian media solutions, increases coverage of vital issues and helps programs. -
Gulf of Mottama Management Plan
GULF OF MOTTAMA MANAGEMENT PLAN PROJECT IMPLEMTATION AND COORDINATION UNIT – PCIU COVER DESIGN: 29, MYO SHAUNG RD, TAUNG SHAN SU WARD, MAWLAMYINE, NYANSEIK RARMARN MON STATE, MYANMAR KNOWLEDGE MANAGEMENT AND COMMUNICATION OFFICER GULF OF MOTTAMA PROJECT (GOMP) Gulf of Mottama Management Plan, May 2019 GULF OF MOTTAMA MANAGEMENT PLAN Published: 16 May 2019 This management plan is endorsed by Mon State and Bago Regional Governments, to be adopted as a guidance document for natural resource management and sustainable development for resilient communities in the Gulf of Mottama. 1 Gulf of Mottama Management Plan, May 2019 This page is intentionally left blank 2 Gulf of Mottama Management Plan, May 2019 Gulf of Mottama Project (GoMP) GoMP is a project of Swiss Agency for Development and Cooperation (SDC) and is implemented by HELVETAS Myanmar, Network Activities Group (NAG), International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN), and Biodiversity and Nature Conservation Association(BANCA). 3 Gulf of Mottama Management Plan, May 2019 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The drafting of this Gulf of Mottama Management Plan started early 2016 with an integrated meeting on May 31 to draft the first concept. After this initial workshop, a series of consultations were organized attended by different people from several sectors. Many individuals and groups actively participated in the development of this management plan. We would like to acknowledge the support of the Ministries and Departments who have been actively involved at the Union level which more specifically were Ministry of Natural Resource and Environmental Conservation, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation, Forest Department, Department of Agriculture, Department of Fisheries, Department of Rural Development and Environmental Conservation Department. -
Mimu866v01 120525 3W Education South East Region(Pie) A3
Myanmar Information Management Unit 3W South East of Myanmar Education Border and Country Based Organizations Presence by Township Budalin 94°23'EKani 96°4'E Kyaukme 97°45'E Pangsang 99°26'E 101°7'E Thantlang Ayadaw Wetlet Mongyai Hakha Madaya Nawnghkio Yinmabin SAGAING Hsipaw Tangyan Gangaw Monywa Sagaing Mandalay Pale Myinmu Salingyi .! Pyinoolwin Mongyang Madupi Sagaing .! Mongkaung Kyethi Monghsu Matman CHINA Ngazun Tilin Tada-U 1 2 1 CHIN Lawksawk 1 Mongkhet Myaing Yesagyo Kyaukse Myingyan 1 Mongla Mindat Pauk Natogyi Myittha Ywangan Laihka Kengtung 2 Mongyawng Pakokku 1 Hopong Saw Taungtha Kunhing 2 Wundwin Mongping Ü Seikphyu Nyaung-U Mahlaing Loilen Pindaya Monghpyak 21°6'N Paletwa Kanpetlet 1 2 21°6'N MANDALAY 1 2 Nansang 1 Thazi Taunggyi 1 SHAN (EAST) Kyaukpadaung Meiktila Tachileik Chauk Kalaw .!Taunggyi Salin Monghsat 2 Pyawbwe 3 2 1 Mongnai 2 Minbya Sidoktaya Yenangyaung Natmauk Nyaungshwe SHAN (SOUTH) Yamethin Pwintbyu Hsihseng 2 1 Mongton MAGWAY 2 1 Sittwe Pinlaung 2 LAOS Magway Myothit Nay Pyi Mawkmai Mongpan Minbu .! Taw-Tatkon 3 Langkho Myebon Magway 1 1 Ngape Nay Pyi Taw Taungdwingyi Ann Loikaw [(! Pekon Loikaw Minhla Nay Pyi .! 1 Nay Pyi Taw-Pyinmana 4 Sinbaungwe 5 Taw-Lewe Demoso Shadaw RAKHINE 1 1 1 Thayet Mindon Hpruso 19°25'N Aunglan 19°25'N Yedashe 1 1 KAYAH Thandaunggyi Bawlakhe Ramree Taungoo Toungup Kamma 2 2 Paukkhaung 2 Hpasawng Pyay Htantabin 1 Oktwin 1 2 Mese Padaung Thegon Nattalin BAGO (EAST)1 Phyu Kyaukkyi BAGO (WEST) 1 Thandwe 3 Kyangin Kyauktaga Hpapun Okpho 2 Myanaung 2 2 Shwegyin Minhla 3 Ingapu -
The United Nations in Myanmar
The United Nations in Myanmar United Nations Resident & Humanitarian Coordinator LEGEND Ms. Renata Dessallien Produced by : MIMU Date : 4 May 2016 Field Presence (By Office/Staff) Data Source : UN Agencies in Myanmar The United Nations (UN) has been present in Myanmar and assisting vulnerable populations since the country gained its independence in 1948. Head Office The UN Resident/Humanitarian Coordinator (UN RC/HC) is the chief UN official in Myanmar for humanitarian, recovery and Development activities. The UN country-level coordination is managed by the UN Country Team (UNCT) and led by the UN RC/HC. OTHER ENTITIES AND ASSOCIATE COORDINATION FUNDS AND PROGRAMMES SPECIALIZED AGENCIES AGENCIES UN- World UNRC /HC UNO CHA UN IC MIM U UND SS UNIC EF UN DP UNH CR UNO DC UNF PA WF P UNE SCO FA O UNI DO ILO WH O UNA IDS OHC HR UNO PS U N IO M IM F Office of the UN Coordin ation of Informatio n Centre Inform ation Safety and Children 's Fund Develo pment High Com missioner HABI TAT Office on D rugs and Population Fund World Food Educationa l, Scientific Food & Ag ricultural Industrial D evelopment Internation al Labour World Health Joint Prog ramme on High Com missioner Office for Project Interna tional Ban k Intern ational Resident/Humanitarian Humanitarian Affairs Management Unit Security Programme for Refugees Human Settlements Crime Programme & Cultural Organization Organization Organization Organization Organization HIV/AIDS for Human Rights Services WOMEN Organization for Monetary Fund Coordinator Programme Migration Group MANDATES To -
Chaungzon Kyaikmaraw Thanbyuzayat
(! Myanmar Information Management Unit Hnee Hmoke Naung Kha Ri Kawt Kha Ni Village Tracts Map of MuKdhao Nanun gTownship An Ka Ye Ka Ma Nin Yae Twin Kone Ka Ma Nin MON STATE Ka Lawt Mei Ka Yo Hpar Pyauk Urban Ka Tone Paw Ka Lawt Mu Kwe Kayin Win Sein Kayin Win Sein (! Kyaikmaraw Mu Yit Gyi (! Tar Pa Thun Ü Chaungzon Ta Ku Pa Ti Kwayt Wan Hmein Ga Nein Kyauk Ta Lone Hpan Hpa Naing Pyaing Hpan Hpa Kun Tar Kawt Kha Pon Kyaikmaraw Ka Yaik Du Chaungzon Be Yan Ka Yaik Du Kin Chaung La Mu Kho Urban Ka Mar Kay Wet Te Kha Yaik Hnee Hu (! Kyon Hpaik Mudon Kawt Pa Ran Nyaung Kone Kyaik Ywea Taw Ku Ka Tone Paw Ah Khun Ta Khun Taing Naing Hlon Let Tet Gon Hnyin Tan Ba Lauk Nyaung Waing Ka Mar Wet Hla Ka Zaing Thein Kone Htaung Kay Wea Ka Li Sein Taung Hpe Do Ka Lawt Thawt Taung Pa Ka Mar Oke Do Mar Kawt Pi Htaw (! Kyaikkhami Hton Man Set Thwei Kun Ka Bwee Army Land Bago Sin Taung Kayin Yangon Ayeyarwady Hnee Pa Daw Thanbyuzayat Kun Hlar Yaung Daung Mon Kilometers Urban 0 2 4 6 8 10 Tanintharyi (! Thanbyuzayat Kyon Ka Yoke Map ID: MIMU224v01 Set Se Myanmar Information Management Unit (MIMU) is a common Coast resource of the Humanitarian Country Team (HCT) providing Creation Date: 15 June 2011. A3 (! Towns Other Townships information management services,including GIS mapping and Projection/Datum: Geographic/WGS84 Township BWouenad Kaary War Road Mudon analysis, to the humanitarian and development actors both Data Sourse: District Boundary inside and outside of Myanmar. -
The East-West Economic Corridor
The East-West Economic Corridor “By 2004, you will be able to travel an all-weather road from Mawlamyine in Myanmar, through Lao PDR and Thailand, to Da Nang in Viet Nam, made possible because of the GMS East-West Economic Corridor.” Asian Development Bank (2001)1 “Maldevelopment: A discrepancy between the economic, political, and cultural conditions and the actual needs and means of the people.”2 The Asian Development Bank’s (ADB) optimistic forecast has not yet come true. Much of the route linking Mawlamyine (Moulmein), the capital of Mon State in Burma, to Myawaddy, opposite Mae Sot on the Thai border, remains little more than a narrow road that varies from a dirt track in sections to a single-lane of cracked asphalt. But if the ADB has its way, the primitive road will become a sophisticated, multi-lane highway by 2008, facilitating the movement of consumer goods and passengers. According to the ADB, increased mobility will reduce rural poverty by creating a range of economic opportunities, especially for women, along the new highway. The ADB has also proposed a toll system to recover construction costs and to cover road maintenance. Other infrastructure, such as a deep-sea port, industrial estates, and special economic zones are planned in connection with the highway for the near future as well.3 But to quote a well-known English proverb, “The road to hell is paved with good intentions.” Put differently, even well intentioned actions can have disastrous results. While the peoples of Burma certainly deserve better transportation networks, EarthRights International (ERI) does not support the ADB’s proposed road rehabilitation project given current conditions inside Burma. -
Rkwåryifv,Faugua'o &Yf&Gmtajcjykurf;½Kd;Wef; Pdr Hcefucgjripdr Hcsuf
rkwåryifv,fauGUa'o &yf&GmtajcjyKurf;½kd;wef; pDrHcefUcGJrIpDrHcsuf Community-Led Coastal Management in the Gulf of Mottama Project (CLCMGoMP) ANALYSIS OF THE MUD CRAB FISHERY IN BILIN TOWNSHIP, MON STATE MRes (THESIS) DEPARTMENT OF MARINE SCIENCE MAWLAMYINEUNIVERSITY MYANMAR AYE MOE MARCH 2017 CLCMGoMP Project Report: GoMP #04/17 Approved Date: June 2017 1 CLCMGoMP Project Report: GoMP #4 Analysis of the Mud Crab Fishery in Bilin Township, Mon State ANALYSIS OF THE MUD CRAB FISHERY IN BILIN TOWNSHIP, MON STATE AYE MOE This Dissertation is submitted to the Board of Examiners in the Department of Marine Science, Mawlamyine University, for the Degree of Master of Research in Marine Science APPROVED SUPERVISOR EXTERNAL EXAMINER Dr. San ThaTun U Min Min Oo Professor / Head Lecturer Department of Marine Science Department of Marine Science Mawlamyine University Pathein University CHAIRPERSON Dr. San ThaTun Professor / Head Department of Marine Science Mawlamyine University 2 CLCMGoMP Project Report: GoMP #4 Analysis of the Mud Crab Fishery in Bilin Township, Mon State DECLARATION This is to certify that the material contained in this dissertation is the work of the author except where otherwise acknowledged and has not been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma. March, 2017 AYE MOE MRes MS- i CLCMGoMP Project Report: GoMP #4 Analysis of the Mud Crab Fishery in Bilin Township, Mon State ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I am greatly appreciated to Dr. Aung Myat Kyaw Sein, Acting-Rector and Dr. Me Me Sein, Pro-rector, of Mawlamyine University for their administration and giving the research facilities. I would like to greatly acknowledge to my supervisor Professor Dr.