Discover Historic Burlington Cycle the City Is the Best Way to Explore the Queen City Look for the Cycle the City Signs Guidelines for Bicyclists

This exciting, self-guided, clockwise loop show- End and the stately 19th-century mansions in 1. Have fun! cases the history, culture, and natural splendor of the Hill Section. You may want to look in on 2. As a bicyclist, follow traffi c laws and ride in Burlington, Vermont—one of the loveliest cities in some of the welcoming people you’ll fi nd at the a safe and controlled manner. America, and the jewel of northern New England. restaurants, B&Bs, farms, and other businesses along the way. 3. Ride with the fl ow of traffi c in single file. Get ready to take a trip through history. Your 4. When using travel lanes, follow motor- route will take you through a landscape that has Before venturing out, we recommend that vehicle laws. Obey traffi c signs and signals. transformed over time. You’ll learn how natural you read the informative narratives for each Don’t cut corners. and social changes have shaped the bustling city segment. While you’re in the saddle, view this 5. Use clear hand signals when making turns of Burlington over the years. The Cycle the City guide on your smart phone, follow the easy-to- or stopping. guide and trail markers will lead you along the use way-fi nding signs, or use our maps to help primarily fl at, 10-mile cycling loop. navigate the city. 6. Ride in a straight line at least three feet from parked cars or curbs. Even though it’s Vermont’s largest city, Cycle the City is part of the Lake Champlain 7. If you ride at night, use lights and refl ectors. Burlington is home to wild animals and working Bikeways’ 1,100-mile network. For info, visit: 8. Ride defensively! Be aware of motorists’ farms—like the gardens in the Intervale. Along www.champlainbikeways.org. actions. the Cycle the City route, you’ll also encounter sweeping vistas of beautiful Lake Champlain, the 9. Be aware of train tracks and other road conditions. rugged Adirondack Mountains, and the richly scenic Winooski River. You may even spot some 10. Wear a helmet. unique wildlife along the way—moose have been seen in the Intervale wetlands! Disclaimer

The loop passes through some of Burlington’s Users assume all risks, inherent and not inherent, in the use of materials recommending routes of the Lake Champlain most architecturally interesting and beautiful Bikeways’ network and all affi liated organizations, and areas such as the University of Vermont (UVM) individuals disclaim any and all liability on their part for and Champlain College neighborhoods. UVM damages or injuries to persons or property, should they occur. Routes are chosen, designated, and/or signed for any is one of New England’s oldest colleges, and its of the following reasons: they are popular, preferred, provide landmark architecture reﬂ ects that long history. continuous routes to destinations, or are lightly traveled, scenic, have more room for cars and bikes, or possess a Cycle the City also takes you through many combination of these attributes. diff erent residential neighborhoods, from the post-World War II suburban streets of the New

North End, to the older housing in the Old North Burlington Waterfront and Rail Yards. Courtesy of Special Collections, UVM Libraries.

1 NORTH AVE. 12

Ethan Directions and Mileage Leddy 11 Allen Park Park

LEDDY PARK ROAD 10 The Lakeshore The Beltline - Paved Route River ski oo 0.0 mi. The loop begins at Local Motion in front 4.8 mi. Continue straight on Beltline path Colchester Win of Union Station. Head north on bike path along to Manhattan Drive. Causeway Lake Champlain. 7.1 mi. Turn left onto Manhattan Drive, 13 1.5 mi. Pass North Beach to your left. following the road onto Intervale Avenue. 17 Ethan Allen IN Homestead TER 2.6 mi. Turn right at Leddy Park crossing and 7.4 mi. Turn left onto Archibald Street. Old VA LE T exit through parking lot onto Leddy Park Road. Spokes Home is left on North Winooski Avenue. R A I North L / 7.9 mi. Veer right onto North Prospect Street. I Ethan Allen’s World Beach N 14 14 T

9 E R

NORTH AVE.

3.1 mi. Turn right onto North Avenue. Ride V

University Row A

721 ETUOR L

south on sidewalk or roadway (depending H T AThe P E Intervale NILTL E B

8.4 mi. Cross Pearl Street/Colchester Avenue. R

on your preference). O A 8.6 mi. At College Street tra c light, turn D 3.3 mi. Cross North Avenue at tra c light Burlington CoBurlingllegeton and enter Ethan Allen Park. left onto shared-use path through the University College 15 Historic Green. ISLAND LINE TRAIL 18 19 16 3.9 mi. At fork in park, stay right. M 8.8 mi. A Cross Main Street at tra c light in NH . ATTA R 4.2 mi. At fork in park, stay right, going downhill. front of Morrill Hall and stay on path around PARK N D RIVERSIDE STREE AVE.

Pomeroy Hall. Cross South Prospect Street LAKE CHAMPLAIN T 4.3 mi. Cross bridge and veer left onto the and look for Maple Street soon after. ARCHIBALD ST.

Beltline path to Ethan Allen Homestead. NORTH STREETINTERVALE AVE.

N. WILLARD ST. WILLARD N.

BATTERY STREET BATTERY

7 8 ST. PROSPECT N.

The Hill Section ML

2 AVE. WINOOSKI N. 20

OW N. UNION STREET UNION N.

The Intervale - Unpaved Route 6 O

A D EV

9.0 mi. Turn right onto Maple Street. . 4.8 mi. Waterfront Park Turn left at Ethan Allen Homestead. 5 PEARL STREET

Follow green posts with bicycle icon through 9.2 mi. Pass Champlain College’s core campus. Burlington Boathouse 3 ST. PAUL STREET PAUL ST.

the Intervale. 4 CHURCH Local Motion/ STREE

1 START/FINISH

Steamboat Boomtown Union Station ST. WILLARD S. T COLLEGE STREET A 7.3 mi. Pass the Intervale Center and MAIN STREET COLCHESTER 34 MAIN STREET 9.7 mi. Cross Pine Street, continuing downhill. 24 23 Gardener’s Supply. 33 22 32 31 KING STREET 21 9.9 mi. Turn right onto bike path. University

7.6 mi. Cross Riverside Avenue and head up MAPLE STREET

MMUS of Vermont PINE STREET PINE 25

30 I

RTS T S. WINOOSKI AVE. WINOOSKI S.

hill on North Prospect Street. E 27 26

28 TE

10.1 mi. End at Local Motion and Union Station. STREET UNION S.

N N

VERS MAIN STREET

ST.PAUL STREET ITY

29 TER R

SPRUCE Champlain . Oakledge STREE T College Map Key Park

For a mobile-friendly map and With Thanks From: Streets HOWARD STREET guide, scan the code or visit Cycle the City Loop ST. PROSPECT S. Burlington Bike Path ST. WILLARD S. www.localmotion.org/ctc Park LAKESIDE AVE. College/University Bike Shop

2 AVE.

Ethan Leddy Allen Park Park

LEDDY PARK ROAD 10

ter The Lakeshore ay

Etha The Sixth-Largest Lake in the U.S. Hom

Lake Champlain stretches 120 miles from traffi c on the Rutland and Central Vermont and science center, educates the public with PATH BELTLINE North 127 ROUTE Canada’s Richelieu River to Wood Creek in railroads—hence the name Union Station. By hands-on ecological and cultural exhibits, Beach 9 Whitehall, N.Y. You are looking at its widest 1926 more than 20,000 trains per year passed including a shipwreck and live aquatic animals. NORTH AVE. point: 12 miles between Burlington and Port through Burlington. The decline in passenger The museum frequently off ers discounts, so Th Kent, N.Y. The Adirondack Mountains on the travel after World War II caused the station’s check their website before going.

New York side are the result of a continental closure in 1953. After decades of use by the Burlington CollegeBurlington collision over a billion years ago; geologists Green Mountain Power Company, the station The loop is intended to be enjoyed in a clockwise College believe they are still growing. was bought in 1985 to form the core of the Main direction, so head north on the Island Line Trail ISLAND LINE TRAIL M Street Landing complex, now a national model (commonly called the Waterfront Bike Path). A NH ATTAN The lake is named for the French explorer for the reuse of historic buildings and the The bike path was previously a railroad bed for STREET PARK Samuel de Champlain, whose arrival in 1609 eco-friendly development of housing, offi ces, the Rutland and Burlington railroad companies LAKE CHAMPLAIN opened the lake region to centuries of European art studios, and restaurants. that continued north through the Champlain NORTH

S military battles over its possession. These waters Islands and beyond. With the conversion from S BATTERY 7 8 EL 2 AVE. MWOOD were sailed by ships engaged in the French and rails to trails began in 1973 and, with the help of 6 Indian Wars, the American Revolution, and state and federal funding, Burlington’s bike path Waterfront Park PEARL ST

Burlington Boathouse 5 TREET the War of 1812. Today’s lake contains artifacts was completed in 1986. Being one of Burlington’s RE

3 STREET PAUL ST. CHURCH STREET CHURCH and shipwrecks from all of these eras. The most popular amenities, the path is utilized by Local Motion/ 4 Union Station 1 START/FINISH Philadelphia, one of General Benedict Arnold’s an estimated 150,000 bicyclists, walkers, joggers, MAINMAIN ST Revolutionary War gunboats, was rediscovered and in-line skaters annually. It sustained heavy RESTR in 1997, after 221 years at the bottom of the lake. damage during the spring fl oods of 2011, and is currently (2012) in the process of being repaired surrounding area housed around 4,000 Also lying beneath these waters are the wrecks and reconstructed. soldiers. The troops sustained upwards of of commercial and recreational vessels, includ- 20-50 deaths per day, and established a burial ing the many canal boats and steamers that At the northern end of Waterfront Park5 is ground northeast of the encampment. The once plied the lake in its years as a busy commer- the U.S. Coast Guard Station6 and a large occasional skeleton still shows up during cial waterway. Lake Champlain’s Underwater Waterfront from Battery Park, 1870. Courtesy of Special brick building on your left called the Moran excavation projects in the Old North End. Preserve System2 includes the wrecks of the Collections, UVM Libraries Plant.7 The coal-fi red Moran Plant produced world’s only known horse-powered ferry, the electricity up until 1986, when it was decommis- North on the bike path is the Urban Reserve, Burlington Bay Horse Ferry, along with those In the early 1990s, Burlington began to trans- sioned. Since then the building has been vacant, purchased by the citizens of Burlington in 1991 of the O.J. Walker, the General Butler, and A.R. form its waterfront from a defunct industrial although there have been a number of diff erent to allow for public choice in the area’s future Noyes coal barge. site into a valuable public resource by focusing proposals for its adaptive reuse. The Lake development. Ducks, sandpipers, and other on the natural beauty and recreational potential Champlain Community Sailing Center is located water-loving animals make their homes here. Your trip begins and ends at Local Motion’s of Lake Champlain. Included in the plan was the here, off ering instruction, rentals, and storage. Past the Urban Reserve is North Beach,9 one trailside center beside Union Station,1 where bike path, which runs from the southern end of of Vermont’s fi nest sand beaches, a bathhouse, quality information, bicycle lockers, and racks Burlington at Oakledge Park, to the northern Overlooking the waterfront on the hill is Battery and an adjacent city campground. Further on are available. Described at its 1916 opening end at the mouth of the Winooski River, passing Park,8 the site of an American encampment in is Leddy Park,10 where you’ll leave the bike as “a Grand Central in miniature,” Union by the Burlington Community Boathouse,3 the War of 1812, active when British ships were path. Use caution as you cross North Avenue Station served passenger and commercial built in 1991. The ECHO Center,4 an aquarium in fi ring range. At one point, the Battery and to enter Ethan Allen Park.

3 NORTH AVE.

12 Ethan Allen’s World Ethan 11 Allen Named for Vermont’s Revolutionary War Hero Park PARK ROAD Ethan Allen, who farmed the land you are Soon after you begin your ride through Y bicycling on today, gained national fame Ethan Allen Park, you will see a sign on the as the ﬂ amboyant founder of the Green left marking a footpath to the Ethan Allen er Mountain Boys, his band of backwoods Tower11 . The tower was erected in 1905 i Riv osk soldiers. His adventures—and his rowdy by the Sons of the American Revolution ino pursuit of freedom—are legendary. It has been as a memorial to Allen. It was constructed W said that Allen’s independent thinking and on Indian Rock, so named for the site’s stubborn nature live on in Vermonters today. signiﬁ cance to the local Abenaki tribe that controlled this region before European 13 settlement. The tribe used this promontory to monitor the movements of enemies on the lake. You are welcome to enter the tower from Ethan Allen Memorial Day through Labor Day to enjoy Homestead IN TER one of Burlington’s most spectacular views of VA LE the Adirondacks. T

As you continue to meander through Ethan his large family lived here, this was lifetime at the homestead’s education center, Allen Park (a short side trip within the park considered a substantial home. located in the large gray barn. Inside, you can can take you to a pergola12 with views to explore Vermont history and archaeology the Adirondacks over the New North End In the 1780s, Allen’s house was on the edge of through multimedia shows, hands-on exhib- and a fabulous grassy area for a snack), you the frontier. Near the highest navigable point its, and guided tours of the historic house. will cross over VT Route 127, also called the of the Winooski River, it was a connection The grounds and museum are managed by Northern Connector or Beltline, which off ers between the vast interior of New England and the Ethan Allen Homestead Museum and the fi rst of many views of the Intervale (a the outside world, through the Winooski, the sited on lands owned by the Winooski Valley fertile fl oodplain) and the Winooski River. lake, and the St. Lawrence River. Park District. The museum is open from late You will learn more about the fl oodplain and spring until early fall, and the park is open its conservation if you choose to take the If you choose to enter the Homestead year-round, from dawn until dusk. Visit their unpaved route through the Intervale. Take grounds, the pavement ends. Here you might websites for more information.” the paved route along the recreation path if enjoy parking your bicycle and walking up the you want to learn about the Beltline. driveway to see the Allen farmhouse much as Here you will have to decide whether to ride it may have looked in 1787. Let your imagina- the paved route or the unpaved route for the After a short ride south on the Beltline path, tion take you back to colonial Vermont. If you next three miles of the ride. The paved route you will see the Ethan Allen Homestead continue along the unpaved Intervale route heads directly south toward Manhattan Drive historical site, museum, and education after exploring the farmhouse and museum, along the Beltline path (described in more center13 . The Homestead is the only you’ll see views of the river that are essen- detail on page 6). The unpaved route heads surviving Allen residence and an example of a tially the same as those Ethan Allen enjoyed. around the back of the Homestead through

Ethan Allen Tower, 1905. prosperous colonial-era farm. Although it the Intervale, along the Winooski River, and Courtesy of Special Collections, UVM Libraries. appears modest to us today, when Ethan and Find out more about life during Allen’s out Intervale Road to the south, (see page 5).

4 River ski oo diving into the river for fi sh. Trackers who Win regularly monitor the Intervale’s diverse wildlife have confi rmed the presence of beavers, raccoons, foxes, kingfi shers, coyotes, The Intervale – Unpaved Route deer, and an occasional moose. Ethan Allen By the middle of the 20th century, urban Homestead IN TER A Floodplain Along the Winooski River development and commercial farming had VA LE impacted the Intervale’s ecosystem. The T R If you choose the unpaved route, you’ll be ven- After Europeans displaced the Abenaki town dump, a sewage pit, and a junkyard of PATH BELTLINE A 14 I

L ROUTE 127 ROUTE turing into the Intervale, a ﬂ oodplain along the in the Intervale, farming here continued. 350 cars became a serious threat to the river /

Winooski River rich in natural resources and Following the American Revolution, and wildlife. Then in 1985, Gardener’s Supply 14 N

T E

historical signiﬁ cance. This is Burlington’s last Intervale landowners grew crops for their Company moved to Intervale Road, bringing R V

remaining farmland, a remnant of the city’s own consumption and sold the surplus. with it a host of people who had sustainable The Intervale A L

ancient agricultural roots. Today’s Intervale is Farmers switched to dairy around 1850, when agriculture in mind. E

undergoing a renaissance as a fertile center for Central Vermont Railroad’s extension of its O A

organic farming and ecological innovation. tracks into the Intervale made it possible to Gardener’s Supply Company also founded a D sell milk to a national market. nonproﬁ t organization, the Intervale Center, “Intervale” is a New England term for whose mission is to strengthen community 15 river-side lowlands. Overall, this large Within this rapidly growing urban area, many food systems. As you bike along the road, ﬂ oodplain covers 3,900 acres, with about naturalists of the early 1900s regarded the you’ll pass over a dozen independent farms,14 16 M 60 percent in neighboring Winooski and Intervale as an important plant and wildlife most of which got their start with the Intervale A NH .

Colchester. On the edge of the Intervale, habitat. Famed conservationist and UVM Center’s Farms Program, a farm business ATTAN D R PARK STREET PARK RIVERSIDE

2,000- and 4,000-year-old Abenaki Indian professor George Perkins Marsh compiled incubator. Today, these farms annually sell AVE. sites have been found. Excellent farmers, the an inventory of Vermont plants in the early more than $1.2 million of local, fresh food, Abenaki based their diet on corn, beans, and 1900s, which featured many Intervale plants. grown just over a mile from Burlington’s City ARCHIBALD ST.

squash that they grew. Evidence of experi- Hall! You’ll also pass the Intervale Center’s na- NORTH STREETINTERVALE AVE.

N. WILLARD WILLARD N.

mentation with cold-resistant corn crops in Keep an eye out for animals! You may glimpse tive tree nursery, the Intervale Conservation AVE. ELMWOOD N. PROSPE N.

AT N. WINOOSKI AVE. WINOOSKI N.

the Intervale dates back 600 years. a great blue heron, a kingﬁ sher, or an osprey Nursery, and the Intervale Center’s offi ces, STREET UNION N. located at the historic Calkins Farmstead TER

(site of Burlington’s last working dairy farm PEARL S

until the 1990s). Stop by and visit the Intervale STRE C Center to get a trail map or learn more about its work sustaining farms, land, and people.

On the right you will note Vermont’s largest source of renewable electricity, the McNeil Generating Station,15 built in 1984, which burns sustainably harvested wood chips.

Take a moment to tour the lovely display gardens around the Gardener’s Supply store 16 . As you head up Intervale Road to the intersection of Riverside Avenue, note the historic site marker for Athletic Park, which

waas at the intersection of Riverside Avenue Farmers at Calkins Farmstead. and Intervale Road. Courtesy of Gardener’s Supply Company Achives. Squash Harvest. Courtesy of Gardener’s Supply Company Archives. 5 o ter Win ay

17 Ethan Allen Homestead IN TER VA LE T R

The Beltline – Paved Route PATH BELTLINE A I L North 127 ROUTE /

I Beach N

E Cruise Along the Burlington Beltline R

NORTH AVE. V

The Intervale A

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If you choose the paved route, you will As the Beltline path exits onto Manhattan

R O

cruise alongside VT Route 127, also called Drive, feel free to stop for a drink at the water A D the Northern Connector or the Burlington fountain and to peruse the information kiosk, Burlington CollegeBurlington Beltline, to Manhattan Drive. The Beltline which contains some fabulous photographs College 15

ISLAND LINE TRAIL 18 is a 3.3-mile section of VT Route 127 that and great information. This southern 19 19 connects Burlington with Colchester and entrance to the path was redesigned in 2010 M A was constructed in 1984. As an afterthought, with the help of volunteers to provide a more NH . ATTAN D R a beautiful, soaring, wooden-arch bridge was welcoming entrance than the previous gate STREET PARK RIVERSIDE also constructed, at a cost of $379,000, to to the old dump. Take a left onto Manhattan LAKE CHAMPLAIN AVE. provide a connection between the Intervale Drive and follow the road to Intervale Avenue. ARCHIBALD ST. NORTH STREET

and residential neighborhoods. This was INTERVALE AVE.

N. WI N.

BA ELMWOOD ELMWOOD required by an obscure federal regulation to You have now entered the Old North End, P N.

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A mitigate the fact that the new road bisected one of the original residential neighborhoods O a federally funded recreational land parcel. of Burlington. Here you will fi nd many This bridge has never been used and is now houses dating back to the 19th century, worth a small side trip if you have the time, the historic Mount Calvary Cemetery, estab- dubbed “The Bridge to Nowhere,”17 as it and a growing cultural diversity. One of as you can see the evolution of bicycles from lished in 1878, on the left, and Greenmount terminates on the western end with a chain those cultures is refl ected in two historical the big-wheeled velocipedes of 1868, to Cemetery20 , on the right. St. Joseph Cemetery, -link fence and a steep wooded bank up to synagogues located on Archibald Street (with modern-day bicycles. Truly a one-of-a-kind on nearby Pomeroy Street, was established in residential properties. a third building located around the corner on experience. 1932 near the site of the fi rst Catholic church Hyde Street, which is now apartments). This built in Vermont, which burned down six years As you spin along the Beltline path, make Jewish community, located within a three- or As you head uphill on Archibald Street later. At the corner of North Prospect Street is sure you keep looking left for a unique view four-block radius of Archibald Street, was the toward North Prospect Street, you will pass St. Joseph’s Eldercare Home. of the Intervale and a rare unobstructed predominant ethnic group here around the view of Vermont’s highest peak, Mount turn of the century. During the 1980s, 1990s, Mansfi eld, in the distance to the east. and 2000s, new immigrant populations have settled in Burlington, mainly in cooperation At the southern end of the Beltline path with federal refugee-resettlement programs. is the old Burlington Municipal Refuse Vietnamese, Bosnian, Lingala, Dinka, Nepali, Disposal Grounds, also called the old city Sudanese, Burmese, and Arabic are among the dump18 . The only remnant is a large grassy languages now spoken in the streets and the area with some small pipes projecting from schools of the Old North End and other parts the earth. This area was closed and capped of Burlington and Winooski. in the 1980s, but biogas from the landfi ll’s digestive process is now collected and used If you take a short detour to your left on North for energy generation. You will note on Winooski Avenue, you can visit the Old Spokes your left, as you approach the old dump, the Home. This is a bicycle repair and retail store McNeil Generating Plant,15 as detailed in that contains one of the most amazing bicy- the unpaved Intervale route. cling museums in the country. It’s defi nitely Old Dump Entrance 1944. Courtesy of Special Collections, UVM Libraries. 6

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ST. PAUL STREET PAUL ST. CHURCH STREET CHURCH

START/FINISH

University Row ST. WILLARD S. COLLEGE STREET R MAINMAIN STREET STREET COLCHESTE 24 23 Landmark Architecture and 10-Acre Historic Green 22 KING STREET 21

Climbing up out of the unpaved Intervale As you approach Pearl Street/Colchester University SUMMIT STREET SUMMIT

route or up past the historic cemeteries on Avenue, use caution through this awkward MAPLE STREET 25 of Vermont PINE PINE

the paved route, you will ﬁ nally reach North and busy intersection. Notice the University S. WINOO S.

Prospect Street, for many years called “the of Vermont’s stately University Row21 on UNI S.

I S

V road to the Intervale.” Along North Prospect the left along its 10-acre Univeristy Historic O MA Street are several good examples of elabo- Green.22 Chartered in 1791, the same year rate, turn-of-the-century “shingle-style” Vermont became the Union’s 14th state, that fl ourished in the early part of the 20th and a prominent UVM landmark. The Old architecture and a memorial marker for UVM was the fi fth college founded in New century and continues to inform scholars. Mill once encompassed the entire college. Mary Fletcher, who founded Mary Fletcher England. Founder Ira Allen, Ethan’s brother, Though his theories were controversial, Originally constructed in 1825, the building Hospital, the fi rst general hospital in donated the land for the university’s original Dewey is still highly regarded as one of was rebuilt in 1882 in High Victorian Gothic Vermont (1879), and the Training School for buildings. The Green has been a campus focal America’s leading philosophers. style. In 1998, the interior was completely Nurses (1882). Mary Fletcher Hospital later point for more than two centuries. This is reconstructed and the exterior was restored became part of Fletcher Allen Health Care, a nice place to take a rest while viewing the The second building on University Row is to its 1882 appearance. Vermont’s academic health center. landmark architecture of University Row. Billings Library, the last and largest of a series of libraries designed by H.H. Richardson, The fi fth building is the Romanesque If you have an interest in fi ne art, depart the famous American architect. Built in Revival-style Royall Tyler Theatre slightly from the tour’s path to visit the 1885, Billings is typical of the Richardson Originally built as the campus gymnasium university’s Robert Hull Fleming Museum,23 Romanesque style, characterized by rough in 1901, and also used as a civic center for the 0.2 miles on Colchester Avenue (museum on contrasting stones, towers, and a wide community, the building was converted into right). The museum, designed in a handsome entrance arch. Billings served as the univer- a 291-seat theater in 1974. The fi nal struc- Colonial Revival style by the nationally sity’s library until 1961 and was then used ture on University Row is Morrill Hall,25 renowned fi rm McKim, Mead and White, has as a student center from 1963 to 2005, when named for U.S. Senator Justin Smith Morrill a permanent collection of more than 20,000 the Davis Center opened. Billings Library is of Straff ord, VT, author of the Land-Grant works, including American, European, currently home to several administrative and College Act of 1862, which helped create African, and ancient Egyptian art. academic departments more than 70 land-grant public universities. It was built as the home of the university’s The most northern building on University Next is Williams Hall, named for UVM Agricultural College between 1904 and 1907 Row (and likely the fi rst to catch your eye), is graduate Dr. Edward H. Williams. Williams and is located on the former site of the 1802 Ira Allen Chapel. Also designed by the fi rm wanted to donate an art building, but a friend Johnson House, which was moved further McKim, Mead and White, the chapel was convinced him to fi nance a science center east and then to the south side of Main completed in 1926. Its impressive bell tower instead. Built in 1896, Williams was the fi rst Street, where it now sits.” has become a landmark for people approach- completely fi reproof building in the United ing Burlington from almost every direction. States. In 1972, Dr. Williams’s original inten- At Morrill Hall, follow the bike path that tion was realized when the hall was converted crosses Main Street and goes behind On the chapel’s lawn is a headstone marking into UVM’s art building. Pomeroy Hall. this as the burial place of John Dewey (1859- 24 Pomeroy Hall, 1879-1890. 1952). Dewey is best-known as the “Father The next building on University Row is Old Courtesy of Special Collections, UVM Libraries. of Progressive Education,” a movement Mill, the oldest academic building on campus

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OD AVE. OD

ILLARD ST. ILLARD . UNION STREET UNION . INOOSKI AVE. INOOSKI

PEARL STREET ST. PAUL STREET PAUL ST.

The Hill Section STREET CHURCH S. WILLARD ST. WILLARD S. Homes from Those Who Transformed Burlington COLLEGE STREET T MAIN STREET COLCHES After the Main Street crosswalk is still standing; most have been put to new MAIN STREET Pomeroy Hall26 , built in 1828 to house the uses as apartment buildings, dormitories, UVM Medical College. Pomeroy Hall has fraternities, and sororitiesfor UVM and KING STREET

a long history of alterations and additions, Champlain College. University with recent renovations and restorations STREET SUMMIT being completed in 1997. The Clement House27 at 194 South MAPLE STREET of Vermo n Prospect Street was built in 1861 for the 26

Burlington’s Hill Section is known for the university’s treasurer, Nathan Strong Hill. AVE. WINOOSKI S. 27 28

stately homes built by the industrialists Built in the Italianate style, this understated STREET UNION S.

and public ﬁ gures who helped make the building is now home to the UVM admis- VE MAIN STREE

29 S

ST. PAUL STREET I

city what it is today. This part of the city sions offi ce. T Y

was developed as Burlington grew outward R R from the waterfront and downtown. The The large redstone28 building at the north- SPRUCE STREET Champlain . fi rst to build homes here were professors west corner of Maple and Summit streets College and school employees, who wished to live was built in 1895 for Edward Wells, a partner T just a short walk from the university. Later, in the Wells Richardson patent medication lawyers, politicians, and residents who fi rm. His success enabled him to build “the prospered from agricultural, transporta- fi nest house money can buy”—and indeed it A tion, and manufacturing interests settled is a fi ne example of the grand Queen Anne- RDSTR in the area, drawn by its great lake views style, with its distinctive turret, sweeping and relative distance from the noise and porches, and carved woodwork. Guests dirt of the lumber industry along the arriving by carriage would alight beneath waterfront. the protection of the porte cochère and perhaps join the family for tea on the curved During the 1870s, Burlington was the veranda that overlooks the lake. Today the country’s third-largest timber port. Wells House (known as 61 Summit Street) is Lumber had by then become a huge owned by UVM. industry, driven by building booms in cities throughout the country and the settlement Champlain College’s core campus29 is of the Midwest. Burlington’s “Lumber now focused around a cluster of new Barons” kept up with the latest building buildings constructed between the 1990s trends and built impressive Italianate, and 2000s. You will see these buildings on

French Second Empire, and Queen Anne the left as you whiz down the hill toward Elias Lyman Home, circa 1884. Edward Wells House. style homes. Many of these buildings are South Willard Street. Courtesy of Special Collections, UVM Libraries. Courtesy of Special Collections, UVM Libraries.

8 L RCHIB

NORTH STREETIN

BATTERY STREET BATTERY

ELMWOOD AVE. ELMWOOD

N. WINOOSKI AVE. WINOOSKI N.

N. UNION STREET UNION N. LLARD Waterfront Park PEARL STREET

Steamboat Boomtown Burlington Boathouse ST.

ST. PAUL STREET PAUL ST. CHURCH STREET CHURCH Local Motion/

Center of a Prosperous Interlake Cargo Trade Union Station START/FINISH S. WILLARD ST. WILLARD S.

COLLEGE STREET Champlain College’s buildings continue down much like a contractor’s website today would MAIN STREET 34 MAIN STREET Maple Street, where you will see a historic show photographs of their work and potential 33 marker noting the location of the house where patterns they could achieve. 32 KING STREET Calvin Coolidge and Grace Goodhue were 31 married in 1905.30 Originally from Plymouth A short detour south down Pine Street will MAPLE STREET STREET SUMMIT

Notch, Vt., Calvin Coolidge was President of lead you to the South End Arts District and STREET PINE 30

the United States from 1923 to 1929, during some great places to grab some food, while a AVE. WINOOSKI S. which time Grace served as First Lady. detour north up Pine Street leads to two of STREET UNION S. Burlington’s cycling shops, Skirack and

ST. PAUL STREET You will pass a number of amazing older homes North Star Sports. SPRUCE STREET Champlain with patterned slate roofs on Maple Street, Oakledge College showing the craftsmanship of the time. On the As you coast down toward the lake past Pine Park corner of Pine and Maple streets, pay special Street, you enter the Battery-King Street attention to the slate roof on the Loomis P. National Historic District. After the advent of HOWARD STRE Smith apartment building31 northwest of the steamboats in the 1800s, Burlington became

intersection. You will note a diff erent pattern the center of a prosperous and growing inter- ET S. on each section of the building. It is widely lake cargo trade. Perkins Pier32 was built in believed that the roof was installed in this way 1810 to allow boats to unload large cargoes Near the corner of Maple and Battery streets, the built in 1868 and functioned as an ice house to act as advertising for the slate contractor, without having to transfer them to “lighters.” Old Stone Store33 recalls the pre-Civil War time through the early 1900s. There were a number when this was one of the city’s busiest commer- of ice houses along Battery Street, some with cial areas. Built in 1828, the Stone Store received underground tunnels traveling beneath the goods by boat and stagecoach, and in later years, railroad tracks to the lake. by railroad. Today, shops and offi ces have revived the traffi c at this once-busy stagecoach stop. The spring ﬂ ooding of 2011 reached almost all the way up to the railroad tracks, with all of the The Bonus Track ”Southern Sojourn” rejoins buildings to the west of the tracks aff ected by the Cycle the City route at the bottom of Maple water that reached a record 103.27 feet above Street, arriving from the southern portion of the sea level in Burlington. With an average lake Island Line Trail from Oakledge Park. level of 95.5 feet, imagine how water nearly eight feet higher would look! The building in After returning to the bike path, you will notice the distance that contains the Breakwater the King Street Dock, one of North America’s Restaurant looked like it was built on an island, oldest active ferry crossings. The dock is now not the end of a ferry dock. owned and operated by the Lake Champlain Transportation Company—a direct descendent We hope you enjoyed the tour as the loop of the world’s oldest steamboat company, the concludes with another revived landmark— Champlain Transportation Company. Next Union Station and Local Motion!

Champlain Transportation Company Docks. Courtesy of Special Collections, UVM Libraries. door is the Ice House Restaurant,34 which was 9 Ethan Allen Homestead IN TER VA LE T R BELTLINE PATH BELTLINE A I L North 127 ROUTE /

I Beach N

E R

NORTH AVE. V

The Intervale A

O A

Bonus Tracks D Burlington Burlington CollegeCollege

Directions ISLAND LINE TRAIL

M A NH . ATTAN D R Southern Sojourn A Working-Class City STREET PARK RIVERSIDE LAKE CHAMPLAIN AVE. Turn left onto the Main Street shared-use sidewalk Turn left on South Willard Street. ARCHIBALD ST. NORTH STREET

in front of Pomeroy Hall on the south side of Main INTERVALE AVE. N. WILLARD ST. WILLARD N.

BATTERY STRE BATTERY

ELMWOOD AVE. ELMWOOD N. PROSPECT ST. PROSPECT N.

Street. Turn right down Howard Street. AVE. WINOOSKI N. N. UNION STREET UNION N. Waterfront Park Turn right just after University Terrace onto the Turn right onto Pine Street. PEARL STREET

shared-use path beside Nolin House, heading south Burlington Boathouse ST. PAUL STREET PAUL ST.

CHURCH STREET CHURCH ET into UVM’s Restone Campus. Turn left on Maple Street to meet Local Motion/ Union Station up with the main route. ST. WILLARD S. VE. COLLEGE STREET R A At water towers, cross University Heights MAIN STREET COLCHESTE and head south along back of Patrick Gym and KING STREET

Gutterson Fieldhouse. Map University SUMMIT STREET SUMMIT

MAPLE STREET of Vermont AVE. EAST

Streets K S. WINOOSKI AVE. WINOOSKI S.

Here you meet up with the South Burlington Cycle the City Loop STREET UNION S.

N U

J L R S

I MAIN STREET

Southern Sojourn Route O Y

Recreation Path. Head south along path, which

ST. PAUL STREET TE

R Champlain R

SPRUCE STREET M .

veers west after a mile or two. A Working-Class City Route TRAIL LINE ISLAND College Park N B

Exit recreation path at Farrell Street and continue College/University HOWARD STREET PINE STREET PINE

west by following the shared-use path on the south Bike Shop ST. PROSPECT S. side or ride on road. You will pass a shopping center I ST. WILLARD S. C on your left. A

LAKESIDELAKESIDE AVE.AVE. EAST TERRACE EAST

Go straight through traffi c light at Shelburne Road onto Home Avenue, which becomes Austin Drive H STREET SPEAR (follow the Cross Vermont Trail signs). D Turn right into Oakledge Park, which is the Burlington Oakledge FLYNN AVE. southern limit of the Island Line Trail. Park STREET SHELBURNE Country Club

Head north on the bike path until you meet up G

with the Cycle the City route at the bottom of E E

Maple Street. A A 9

UST S

IN D T

RI W

VE I-8 O

INDUSTRIAL PKWY. INDUSTRIAL HOME AVE.

R .

PINE STREET PINE FAR R

F E

S T

. OUTH B S URLINGTO N REC. PATH I-189 Pine Street Barge Canal, 1960. Courtesy of Burlington Parks and Recreation Department.

A headquarters of Burton SnowboardsF is now an innovation center for like-minded a worthwhile two-minute side trip on small businesses. Industrial Avenue. At this point, you meet the Lake Champlain Bikeways route and You will cross a bridge spanning the Pine Bonus Track the Cross Vermont Trail (a cycle route that Street Barge CanalJ where, in the 1860s, originates along the Connecticut River in entrepreneur Lawrence Barnes saw that Southern Sojourn - 6.2 Miles the village of Wells River, VT, and ends at more lakefront access was needed to load Oakledge Park), which have signs leading and unload boats at the increasingly busy

you to Oakledge Park. industrial port. With the help of 40 men, A Loop Around the Southern Portion of the City Barnes transformed his swamp, described Oakledge ParkG was purchased by the city as a “miasmic frog pond,” into a wood- If you want to add an extra 6.2 miles to your into the heart of the Redstone Campus, which in 1970. It sits on the former site of the last of fl anked canal complete with a single-track ride around Burlington, you can head south boasts a number of historic buildings that are the Webb family farm barns and Oakledge drawbridge. The city’s booming lumber toward the University of Vermont’s Redstone well worth the 5- to 10-minute side trip. Manor, which were razed prior to the park’s industry ended in late 1890s, when lumber Campus and onto the South Burlington construction. The Webb family lived at companies around the canal were gradu- Recreation Path, meeting the southern end of Take a left here and cross University Oakledge between 1883 and 1926, when ally replaced with other businesses, like the Island Line Trail on the Waterfront Bike Terrace toward the Patrick Gymnasium and the property was sold to Oakledge Manor coal dealers. A manufactured gas plant Path at Oakledge Park before heading north to Gutterson Field HouseC .Head south along Resort, which became the Cliff side Country opened near the canal in 1895, converting Local Motion. the back of the Patrick Gym until you meet Club in 1961. The manor was burned to the oil and coal into gas for streetlights and the South Burlington Recreation Path, which ground in 1971 as a training exercise for heating. Toxic wastes from this process After crossing Main Street opposite UVM’s wraps around the UVM playing fi elds. the Burlington Fire Department. The fi rst were disposed of in the wetlands around Morrill Hall and Pomeroy Hall, head east up handicapped-accessible tree house in the the canal, contaminating the area. In 1983, the hill on Main Street on the shared-use side- Following the South Burlington Recreation country to be constructed in a public park the canal was designated a Superfund site walk, past University Terrace, and turn right Path south, you will have the Burlington is located in Oakledge Park. The tree house by the U.S. Environmental Protection to go south just after Nolin House. Follow this Country ClubD on your right and UVM’s is located at the southern end of the park Agency. After many years of study and path toward the Redstone CampusA . You Miller Research FarmE on your left. The near the large picnic shelter and is available extensive public input, a cleanup plan was will pass the newer University Heights student path veers right and follows Interstate 189 for use year-round. Take time to read the devised and the site was restored housing on your left before reaching two water through woods and over streams while many wayside exhibits detailing Oakledge’s as a wetland in 2003. towersB —a historic brick water tower built descending to Farrell Street. Head west amazing history. between 1881 and 1890, and the iconic blue and cross straight over Shelburne Road at On your right, just before getting to Local High Service Water Tower built in 1935. If you the traffi c light onto Home Avenue. Às you Heading north, you will skirt the lake’s Motion, you will pass the Vermont Rail continue following this path, it will take you continue west on Home Avenue, the world edge all the way to downtown Burlington, System yards , which have been in uninter- passing Blanchard BeachH , a popular rupted use, in some form, since the 19th public swimming beach, on the way. After century. Note the former switching yard passing through the Lakeside neighborhood and roundhouse of the Rutland Railroad on on public streets, you will turn left onto the your right, now used by Vermont Railway. bike path and see a large brick building over Round House Point ParkK is a great place the railroad tracks on your rightI . Built in to relax and have a snack while looking the late 1800s, the Queen City Cotton Mill, over Lake Champlain at the Adirondack whose workers lived in the housing you just Mountains in the distance. If you get a passed, was occupied during World War II whiff of the sewage-treatment plant beside by Bell Aircraft for the manufacture of gun Roundhouse Point, think back to 1953 turrets for bombers. Test fi rings were done when Burlington contained no sewage- from the second fl oor window area out over treatment facilities and two trunk lines the lake. In 1948 GE moved into the building discharged about 75 percent of the entire to develop the 20mm Vulcan gun used on sewage fl ow into Lake Champlain behind almost all U.S. jet fi ghters. The building is you. Thankfully, times have changed. Oakledge Manor, 1885. Courtesy of Shelburne Farms Archives. B Bonus Track A Working-Class City - 1.4 Miles

Historic Working-Class Neighborhoods and Industrial Zone

This route takes you on a 1.4-mile loop working-class. At the bottom, you’ll fi nd through historical working-class neighbor- yourself on Pine Street, where Burlington hoods and an industrial zone. Champlain earned its reputation as a major center of College’s Hill and Lyman hallsL (at 227 and commerce during the 19th and early 20th 237 South Willard respectively) were built in centuries. the Queen Anne-style for brothers John and Austin Dunham, successful lumber barons. During the early 1800s, Burlington became The form of each house is essentially the the nation’s foremost port for importing same, but diff erent details—such as the third Canadian lumber. The city really began fl oor porches—give each building its own booming after the Champlain Canal was built personality. How many of these diff erences in 1823, connecting the lake to the Hudson can you spot? River and lucrative ports south. When the fi rst steam train engine chugged into town in The Italianate-style homeM at 251 South 1849, the railroad completed a transportation Willard (originally named the Edward Phelps system that could fl oat raw lumber down House, then the Cannon house, and now Perry from Canada on steam-powered boats, and Hall) was built in 1859 for Edward Phelps, then load it here on trains bound for Albany, a lawyer who served as U.S. ambassador to Boston, and New York. During the 1850s and England in 1885 under President Grover ’60s, the heyday of Burlington’s timber-trade Cleveland. Typical of this style is the home’s prosperity, lumber yards and manufacturers cube-like form, along with its series of evenly fi lled this bustling, waterside corridor. spaced brackets under the eaves of the roof. Maltex Cereal Company, circa 1950. Courtesy of The Maltex Partnership. Champlain College undertook major renova- By the 1890s, tariff changes and compe- tions of this building in 2011, improving the tition from Western timber had stalled Kilburn and Gates BuildingO , built around occupy these old, subdivided factories. Many site and putting on a large addition to convert Burlington’s lumber industry—but access 1870 as a furniture factory, which a trade of them are craft shops or small manufactur- the historical residence for college use. to the railroad and open factory space lured journal described as “the largest furniture ers, maintaining the district’s industrial a variety of industries to Pine Street. The factory in the United States, if not the world.” spirit. This area is known as the South End As you pedal along South Willard Street, catch Maltex Malted Cereal Factory fi rst opened Among the many wood-planing mills that Arts District, and every year an event called a glimpse of Lake Champlain on your right as its doors in 1899, in what is still referred to as once fl ourished on Pine Street, the only one the South End Art Hop celebrates the arts you pass some amazing homes before heading the Maltex BuildingN at 431 Pine, on still standing is what is now known as the and crafts locations throughout Burlington’s back downhill. the Howard Street corner. Bobbin Mill Apartments. south end.

Get ready for a long downhill, but do prepare Here on Pine Street you can still see remnants Today’s Pine Street continues to be an incuba- If you take a left onto Maple Street, you will to stop at three crossings. As you whiz down, of the lumber boom. On your right at the tor for new businesses: a number of small, meet up with the ﬁ nal half-mile of the main notice how the buildings become more corner of Pine Street and Kilburn Street is the locally owned shops and businesses now Cycle the City route.