2021 SCIENTIFIC RETREAT Advancing Research in Times of Uncertainty

Highlights from the 2021 MRA Scientific Retreat Contents

01 Letter from Chief Science Officer and Senior Director, Scientific Program

03 The Melanoma Research Community Meets the Moment

05 Melanoma Screening Challenges and Controversies

09 The Next Frontier of Combination Immunotherapy: Maximizing the Benefits & Reducing Harms

13 Averting and Treating Immune-related Adverse Events Associated with Checkpoint Immunotherapies

16 Rare Melanoma Research, Patient Registries & Clinical Trials

21 INDUSTRY ROUNDTABLE Biomarkers: What You Need to Know

25 Agenda

26 Participants

42 Sponsors Letter from Chief Science Officer and Senior Director, Scientific Program

ach year, MRA takes great pleasure bringing together the melanoma research community in Washington, DC for three days of learning, conversation, and E collaboration. But in 2021, due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, MRA had to take a different approach. We knew bringing the community together was more important than ever, and so for the first time in our history, MRA held its annual Scientific Retreat virtually from February 22-24, 2021.

With more than 500 registered attendees, 2021 marked the largest Scientific Retreat in MRA’s history. For three days, leading researchers and clinicians from the United States and abroad, as well as senior leadership from non-profit foundations, government agencies, industry, philanthropists and other like-minded organizations gathered virtually to listen to scientific lectures and panel discussions, participate in Marc Hurlbert, PhD topic-focused, small-group networking sessions, and visit virtual posters. Attendees also heard firsthand from individuals personally affected by melanoma about how grateful they are for all the advancements in treatment over the past decade and how critical it is to keep the momentum going, even in the time of COVID-19.

Scientific lectures covered a variety of topics at the leading edge of melanoma research, including novel influences on melanoma formation and progression, promising new immunotherapy drug targets to overcome treatment resistance, strategies to mitigate immune-related side effects, and the latest research and approaches for detecting melanoma early, before it spreads. A moderated panel discussion, which featured speakers from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, the National Cancer Institute, and a large academic hospital highlighted how the COVID-19 pandemic has impacted melanoma screening and care. The panel also explored new directions in treatment strategies for patients with rare melanoma Kristen L. Mueller, PhD subtypes like acral, mucosal, and uveal melanoma.

Beyond the scientific sessions, the Retreat featured 38 small group networking sessions focused on topics related to melanoma prevention, detection, treatment, and survivorship, among others. Thirty-five MRA awardees presented posters across two sessions providing designated times where Retreat participants could meet with the presenters virtually to discuss the work. Finally, researchers and clinicians gathered with representatives from industry and government to discuss the current state of companion diagnostics and biomarker development for melanoma. MRA is delighted to be able to provide a platform for sharing important research advancements and to host such critical discussions. These are vital steps towards spurring the next wave of progress so that fewer and fewer individuals will experience suffering and death due to melanoma.

Marc Hurlbert, PhD Kristen L. Mueller, PhD Chief Science Officer Senior Director, Scientific Program

The Melanoma Research Community Meets the Moment

ach year, the annual MRA Scientific Retreat brings hundreds of people from across the melanoma research ecosystem together E to exchange ideas, report on scientific progress, celebrate achievements, and mourn the losses. In these ways, the 2021 Retreat was no different.

However, just as 2020 — and COVID-19 — changed all facets of life, including how we work, how our children go to school, and how we see For the first time in history, and interact with our loved ones, the 2021 Retreat couldn’t be more MRA’s annual gathering different than those that came before it. For the first time in its history, out of necessity for the health and safety of all attendees, MRA’s annual was held virtually. gathering was held virtually.

This year — instead of flocking to Washington, DC — participants donned headsets, huddled over computers, and carefully carved out space from their daily schedules to participate. The rigor of the scientific talks and poster sessions, opportunities for meaningful networking, and willingness to report on pre-publication work was exactly what you’d expect from

3 an MRA event. And, without the confines of a hotel Christine Garrison spoke of her daughter Rebecca ballroom, participation flourished, almost doubling to who succumbed to melanoma in 2011. “She lived for more than 500 people — bringing even more people seven good years after her diagnosis. During this time, into the MRA community. you were here lifeline. She always looked to you for a lifeline when her current treatment was failing. You Participants heard from 17 patients and advocates came through for her many times. I know today that throughout the retreat who — through the power of you are the lifeline for countless others. Thank you on their stories — offered encouragement, gratitude, and behalf of us all for working hard to bring us ever more reinforced the urgent need for more research, more ‘Plan B’s’ and hope for a cure.” treatments, and more hope. With these searing words still fresh in their mind, Keith Tolley thanked participants for allowing him to participants started each day of the MRA Retreat: live to see the birth of two grandchildren, the marriage Meeting the moment and advancing melanoma of his oldest son, and to celebrate many birthdays research in truly unprecedented times. and holidays with his family. “As a surviving stage 4 melanoma patient, I am a beneficiary of the incredible discoveries that you continue to make and the tireless work you continue to do. Because of your relentless pursuit of a cure, I have great hope that I may yet still live to see more of these special events.” “Because of your relentless pursuit of a cure, I have great hope that I may yet still live to see more of these special events.”

Christine Garrison addresses all attendees during a pre-recorded KEITH TOLLEY, video: “Thank you on behalf of us all for working hard to bring us MELANOMA SURVIVOR ever more ‘Plan B’s’ and hope for a cure.”

4 Introduction Melanoma Screening Challenges and Controversies

n recent years, the number of new technologies dermatologists use for screening moles has expanded. In many cases, this I has improved the ability of clinicians to detect a melanoma that arises on the skin at its earliest stages, when it is more amenable to being cured. These technologies include three-dimensional whole- body imaging done at a doctor’s office, a method of skin-surface microscopy called dermoscopy, an innovative way to spy on moles at New technologies have the microscopic level without a biopsy, and a non-invasive technique enabled dermatologists for delving into the telltale genetic changes that might indicate a to improve quality of care, mole’s shift to malignancy. but what are the risks? Another “sea change” in melanoma detection presented by Allan Halpern of Memorial Sloan Kettering at the 2021 MRA Scientific Retreat is the shift to digital health and the use of artificial intelligence (AI) to interpret pictures of moles. In one study, this technology has improved to the point where it exceeds the accuracy of dermatologists in detecting malignant moles. “The algorithms continue to outperform humans so there’s no question that

5 technology and AI will continue to play an increasing This suggests that melanoma is being over diagnosed role in early detection of melanoma,” Halpern said. AI is such that more benign, dormant stages of melanoma also beginning to be used in cellphone apps in Europe to are being detected that may not ever have developed enable people to monitor their own moles by submitting into deadly malignancies, or that mole changes are pictures they take of them at a single or at multiple points inaccurately diagnosed as melanoma, the study authors in time. Software in the apps analyzes the pictures and claim. They point out that over the past decade or two, alerts users if their moles have suspicious findings or physicians have been more inclined to biopsy suspected changes requiring a more detailed look by a provider. moles at their smaller, thinner stages when they are more These apps will eventually help people better assess their ambiguous and likely to be misinterpreted. own moles in-between visits to the dermatologist. Further compounding the risk of overdiagnosis is that These advances are worth celebrating as they have the pathologists have lowered the threshold for what they label potential to save lives, but Halpern cautions that “these melanoma, one study found, perhaps due to the tendency technological advances we are very excited about have to err on the side of caution. The end result is that many the risk of promoting overdiagnosis.” Potential melanoma patients are having unnecessary biopsies, resulting in overdiagnosis has become a “hot topic” as a recent study greater medical costs, inconvenience, and discomfort to indicates it already is a concern. This study, published in the patient, especially if there are functional or cosmetic the New England Journal of Medicine, points out while complications resulting from the biopsies. Unneeded melanoma incidence has increased by a factor of six biopsies also cause undue psychological stress on compared to 40 years ago, this increase in cases has not patients and their loved ones as the fear of cancer looms been accompanied by an expected equal rise in melanoma large as they wait for test results. deaths. Deaths have largely remained stable except for a recent decrease due to improved melanoma treatments.

6 Melanoma Screening Challenges and Controversies Session moderator Ken Hsu and Allan Halpern in discussion.

The risk of overdiagnosis is timely because the United To counter overdiagnosis of melanoma, Halpern suggested States Preventive Services Task Force is about to doing more watchful waiting of ambiguous macular (flat) update its recommendations for skin cancer screening. moles and refraining from performing a biopsy unless In the past, this task force found inadequate evidence they show concerning changes over time. He pointed to suggest the need for widespread screening for out that watchful waiting is already done for early stages melanoma, and instead recommended it only be of prostate and papillary thyroid cancer to counter the considered for high-risk groups, such as those with a prevalent overdiagnosis of these cancers. Finally, Halpern family or personal history of melanoma, or those who called on researchers to continue to develop molecular have a large number of moles, or atypical moles.

“Most of us agree we need to do a better job focusing our screening and public education efforts on the segment of society at greatest risk of dying from melanoma,” Halpern said. But he pointed out there are some subgroups with a greater risk of dying from melanoma, such as men older than 50 years of age. Such high-risk groups should “We need to do a better job probably receive additional efforts in early detection. focusing our screening and public education efforts on the Halpern noted children and people with skin of color have the least risk of dying from melanoma and so segment of society at greatest probably shouldn’t undergo routine screening unless risk of dying from melanoma.” they are known to have a specific risk. He also called for improving the specificity of AI and other new ALLAN HALPERN technologies currently being deployed to diagnose melanoma by training and testing them with images of benign lesions across all racial, ethnic and age groups.

Melanoma Screening Challenges and Controversies 7 A dermatologist using a dermatoscope.

markers that can more accurately distinguish between adhering an adhesive patch to the skin that collects a benign and malignant moles, as a current lack of such small sample to measure whether two genes, PRAME markers makes diagnosis of early melanoma subjective and LINC00518, are expressed at high levels. The PLA and somewhat imprecise. adhesive patch is then mailed to the diagnostic lab for testing, which can take up to 3 to 5 days, before results Researchers, and private companies alike, are making are returned to the doctor. Gene expression changes important progress towards developing non-invasive in PRAME and LINC can be detectable before physical techniques to determine if a biopsy is needed. While changes to the skin lesion are visible. If one, or both, a dermatoscope, a handheld device that uses bright genes are highly expressed, the doctor can use this light and magnification to allow a dermatologist to view genomic information to determine if a biopsy is warranted. deeper layers of the skin, has been aiding the naked eye in detection for decades, more definitive non-invasive Collectively, these diagnostic tools, when coupled with techniques are under development to help better diagnose watchful waiting and AI, will help reduce overdiagnosis of abnormal lesions in a timely manner. Such tools include melanoma. full body photography, reflectance confocal microscopy, electrical impedance spectroscopy, optical coherence tomography (OCT), fluorescence photography, non- invasive gene expression profiling, and high-frequency ultrasound.

One example of a non-invasive gene test that can help doctors and patients decide whether or not to biopsy a suspicious skin lesion is the Dermtech Pigmented Lesion Assay (PLA). The PLA is performed by your doctor by

8 Melanoma Screening Challenges and Controversies The Next Frontier of Combination Immunotherapy Maximizing the Benefits & Reducing Harms

very general knows that the best way to successfully win a war is to deploy multiple weapons with different E targets. This strategy was first used in cancer to conquer childhood leukemias with combination chemotherapy and now is being put to the test in melanoma by combining multiple checkpoint inhibitors, as well as combining checkpoint inhibitors with targeted BRAF and MEK inhibition or other agents. At MRA’s 2021 Scientific Retreat, several researchers reported from such innovative frontlines. They recounted the current thinking on combination therapy for melanoma and ways to enhance the anti-tumor immune response using promising new immune targets, as well as strategies aimed at modulating the gut microbiome. 2019 Nobel Laureate William Kaelin, Jr.

During his MRA Scientific Retreat opening keynote lecture, 2019 Nobel Laureate William Kaelin, Jr., of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, pointed out that many melanoma patients treated with BRAF/MEK targeted therapy initially respond, only to relapse later due to drug resistance. This resistance

9 Session moderator Stefani Spranger and John Wilson in discussion.

stems from combining drugs that block the same target Using “Smart” Technologies to Boost or multiple targets in the same cellular signaling pathway. Anti-Tumor Immunity This not only increases the risk of toxic reactions, but also revs up the evolutionary pressure for tumor cells to To foster more effective combination immunotherapies, escape the effects of these drugs. Such pressure prompts a number of researchers are focusing on aspects of the molecular changes inside tumor cells that enable them to immune system that work independently from those elude the effects of these drugs. Underlining the challenge targeted by currently approved melanoma checkpoint clinicians and researchers face in fighting melanoma and inhibitors, such as ipilimumab, nivolumab, and other cancers with such drugs, Kaelin said, “If you strike at pembrolizumab. Up to 50% of patients do not durably the king, you must kill him.” respond to these therapies, and researchers believe that by targeting additional pathways involved in an anti-tumor To overcome such resistance, Kaelin suggested combining immune response, such combination therapy will become drugs with distinct and independent mechanisms of more effective in the long term to more patients. action. That way, “There is a low probability of any one [tumor] cell being resistant to three non-cross-resistant One MRA-funded researcher, John Wilson of Vanderbilt drugs. The trick is to make the math work for and not University, is designing innovative nanotechnology to against you so you can potentially win,” Kaelin said. access a new and previously unreachable immune target within the cell. Currently approved immunotherapies use This approach has already proven effective for kidney antibodies that target molecules called receptors that cancer, Kaelin noted, and is starting to be applied to stick out from the surface of a cell. These receptors easily melanoma. For example, early-stage trials targeting BRAF/ come into contact with medications circulating in the MEK inhibition with CDK4/6 inhibitors. “Hopefully we can bloodstream. It is much more difficult, if not impossible, someday look back at kidney cancer and melanoma and for antibodies and many other promising drug candidates be able to say that with the development of combinations, to penetrate cell membranes, and access the molecules we were able to find cures for these diseases,” Kaelin within them. These molecules include a “growing arsenal concluded. of promising intracellular therapeutic targets that have enormous potential, but require a strategy to provide open access to them,” pointed out Wilson.

10 The Next Frontier of Combination Immunotherapy To provide that access, Wilson’s lab, which has expertise good efficacy in a mouse model of melanoma when in chemistry, materials science, and immune-engineering, combined with checkpoint immunotherapy. “Our smart designed smart nanoparticles (NPs) that mimic the way NPs offer a platform for cancer vaccine delivery and have some viruses enter cells. The researchers designed NPs a number of other potential advantages as a drug carrier so they are engulfed by the cell membrane of tumor and platform that we are actively exploring,” Wilson concluded. immune cells. And, once inside these membranes, a change in acidity triggers the NPs to release their active The Scoop is in the Poop drug component, where it binds with its target. When Perhaps, a less technical solution to improving responses loaded with a drug cargo that can stimulate the immune to checkpoint inhibitors may be to alter the microbes in our system, the NPs trigger molecular signaling that causes gut, Jennifer Wargo of University of Texas MD Anderson immune cells to activate and expand in number, so that Cancer Center reported. She noted these microbes, and they infiltrate into and kill tumor cells. the foreign proteins they produce, stimulate the immune system to better kill tumors. She found that the more Wilson found that their approach resulted in significant diverse gut microbes are in a patient, including those therapeutic benefit in multiple mouse models, and that with melanoma, the better their response to checkpoint his NPs greatly enhanced anti-tumor immune responses immunotherapy. Having certain types of microbes in the gut when combined with checkpoint immunotherapy. This were also linked to better responses in melanoma patients experimental combination inflamed a previously dormant treated with checkpoint immunotherapy. “The scoop is in immune response to the tumors, significantly boosting the poop,” she said, adding, “You are what you eat!” complete response rates in a mouse model of melanoma and increasing survival without causing any serious But even those patients with favorable microbes in their gut side effects. Wilson also coupled his NP technology to responded better to treatment when they were also on a personalized cancer vaccines aimed at stimulating an anti- high fiber diet. “It’s not enough to have a good microbiome tumor immune response. The particles were small enough signature, but you also have to feed it the right things,” that they easily penetrated cells in the lymph nodes, where Wargo stressed. She found that eating a high-fiber diet was they enhanced the immune response there, and showed

“It’s not enough to have a good microbiome signature, but you also have to feed it the right things.”

JENNIFER WARGO

The Next Frontier of Combination Immunotherapy 11 linked to greater progression-free survival in melanoma into patients with metastatic melanoma in which the patients treated with checkpoint immunotherapy. Mouse treatment was unsuccessful — a treatment called fecal studies then suggested that the greater responses and microbiome transplantation (FMT). Wargo collaborated survival seen in patients with a high fiber diet was due in one study in which clinical responses were observed to heightened activation of immune cells. This boost in three of ten patients treated with FMT followed by in immune activity can happen in a remarkably short anti-PD1 immunotherapy. In another study published at period of time in response to changes in diet. Wargo is the same time, six of 15 patients derived clinical benefit. currently working with other investigators at MD Anderson These results suggest that FMTs may modulate the Cancer Center (Dr. Jennifer McQuade and Dr. Carrie gut microbiota in such a way as to allow patients who Daniel-MacDougall) to interrogate the impact of dietary previously did not respond to benefit from checkpoint intervention with fiber and other strategies in patients with immunotherapy. melanoma (NCT03950635). FMTs might also reduce certain side effects, what Building on Wargo’s findings, researchers recently researchers call adverse reactions, to checkpoint experimented with transplanting stool from melanoma immunotherapies. When patients undergoing patients who responded to checkpoint immunotherapy immunotherapy developed the all-too common side effect colitis, and were treated with FMTs from healthy donors, the colitis resolved, even though it previously did not respond to steroids or other drugs intended to suppress it, Wargo reported.

Given the role that microbes play in shaping the response to cancer immunotherapies, Wargo worried that antibiotics might hamper that response. Her collaborator Dr. Laurence Zitvogel found that to be true for a number of lung cancer patients given antibiotics prior to being treated. “Those patients receiving antibiotics had dramatically worse response to therapy and worse survival,” Wargo said. “Hopefully we can someday She is pursuing a clinical study to further examine these look back at kidney cancer and preliminary results.

melanoma and be able to say “There’s still a tremendous amount to be learned, but the that with the development of future is looking quite bright,” Wargo concluded. combinations, we were able to find cures for these diseases.”

WILLIAM KAELIN, JR.

12 The Next Frontier of Combination Immunotherapy Averting and Treating Immune-related Adverse Events Associated with Checkpoint Immunotherapies

he first ever immune checkpoint inhibitor was allowing them to kill tumor cells. While this approach has approved by the Food & Drug Administration (FDA) yielded dramatic results in resolving numerous cancers, T in 2011 with an indication for treating metastatic sometimes immune-related adverse events (irAE) can melanoma. That approval was built upon ground-breaking also occur as a result of the immune system attacking research by Jim Allison, MRA Scientific Advisory Panel healthy tissues. Such autoimmune reactions can hamper member and 2018 Nobel Laureate. Since then, additional patients’ quality of life, can limit the effectiveness of the immune checkpoint therapies have been approved for treatments by requiring treatment discontinuation, and in melanoma. Indeed, checkpoint inhibitors have not only rare instances can be fatal. dramatically improved health outcomes in melanoma, but are now being used to treat over a dozen different To help overcome this challenge, MRA has issued a cancers. number of research grants, including some in partnership with the American Cancer Society (ACS) and the Society Checkpoint inhibitors are therapies that empower the for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC), to support an immune system to kill cancer cells. FDA-approved array of approaches. Some are exploring what causes checkpoint immunotherapies block specific proteins on these severe adverse reactions and treatments that both immune cells (PD1, CTLA4) and sometimes the tumor might prevent or reverse them. Others are devising (PDL1) that normally act as “off” switches for the immune new experimental drugs that have the same tumor- system. This then releases the breaks on immune cells, killing effects as approved therapies, but without the

13 autoimmune side effects. Another group is searching for molecular markers that can predict which patients are more likely to develop adverse reactions to currently approved immunotherapies, which would help doctors select the best possible treatment for each patient. These investigators reported on their exciting findings at the MRA 2021 Scientific Retreat.

Treating Colitis Among Patients Receiving Checkpoint Immunotherapy

Kai Wucherpfennig of Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and his colleagues used their MRA-American Cancer Society Team Science award to explore what goes awry General, initiated a clinical trial that opened in August 2020 in melanoma patients who develop colitis after being to test this possibility (NCT04305145). Wucherpfenning treated with checkpoint inhibitors. Colitis, inflammation noted that although his findings are specific to the colitis, of the colon that causes severe diarrhea, is a common some of the molecular changes he observed are likely to irAE affecting up to 25% of patients receiving checkpoint be relevant for other irAEs affecting the skin, lungs, and immunotherapy. other tissues that frequently interact with microbes in the environment. When Wucherpfennig compared colon tissue samples of patients who developed colitis to those being treated with The Next Generation of CTLA4 the same therapies who did not develop colitis, he found Checkpoint Immunotherapies key molecular differences. These changes included an increase in a protein called tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in Pan Zheng, formerly of University of Maryland, Baltimore, those with colitis, suggesting that a drug already on the and founder of the biotech companies OncoImmune and market that targets this factor (infliximab) might alleviate OncoC4, is hoping to avoid autoimmune side effects with this complication. Team member Michael Dougan, of Mass next generation anti-CTLA-4 antibodies that are being

“Our findings suggest autoimmune disease is not necessarily the price for cancer immunity.”

PAN ZHENG

14 Immune-related Adverse Events tested in the clinic. Her studies in mice found some Predicting Patients Most Likely to antibodies targeting the protein CTLA-4 were able to Develop Serious Reactions effectively kill melanoma tumors without triggering an Another approach to avoiding serious autoimmune autoimmune reaction, unlike the current CTLA-4 targeted reactions of cancer immunotherapies is to predict those therapy (ipilimumab). She and her team hope that these patients who are more likely to develop them. MRA-SITC alternative antibodies could serve as a second generation Young Investigator Shaheen Khan of UT Southwestern CTLA-4 therapy and would allow patients to experience and her colleagues have discovered molecular markers the tumor-killing effects of the therapy while minimizing that show promise for identifying these patients. Certain the irAEs. protein levels were increased in blood samples taken from cancer patients, including patients with melanoma, Zheng then investigated why this was the case and who experienced autoimmune reactions to checkpoint found that CTLA4 protein bound to ipilimumab was immunotherapy compared to those that did not. If these broken down in immune cells, which reduced the amount findings are validated in future studies, clinicians could of CTLA4 expressed on the surface of these cells. In use them to help inform treatment decisions and to contrast, the new antibody Zheng developed maintained identify irAEs in their earliest stages, when they may be the level of CTLA4 on the cell surface. In the case of more easily treated. Zheng’s antibody, this difference allowed the mice to better keep autoimmune reactions at bay. “Our findings The researchers also developed mice who are prone to suggest autoimmune disease is not necessarily the price autoimmune disease as a model for studying irAEs, and for cancer immunity,” Zheng said. “You can have an anti- found one of the proteins detected in cancer patients tumor effect without immune-related adverse events.” who develop autoimmune reactions was also elevated in With the support of a National Cancer Institute small the autoimmune-prone mice. Studies in these mice might business innovation award, Zheng is currently testing suggest ways to prevent the autoimmune reactions from one of these antibodies (ONC-392) in a small number occurring in patients altogether. “We hope our findings of cancer patients either alone, or in combination with may ultimately help customize therapy, expand the use of pembrolizumab, to determine its safety and optimal immunotherapy, and reduce toxicities in cancer patients,” dosing for future clinical trials (NCT04140526). Khan noted in a poster session.

“We hope our findings may ultimately help customize therapy, expand the use of immunotherapy, and reduce toxicities in cancer patients.”

SHAHEEN KHAN

Immune-related Adverse Events 15 Patients with rare melanoma subtypes (such as in the eyes) tend not to respond as well to current treatments for sun-exposed skin.

Rare Melanoma Research, Patient Registries & Clinical Trials

espite the tremendous progress made in the last decade in treating melanoma, approximately D one third of patients don’t benefit from currently approved therapies. This includes the majority of people with rare forms of melanoma — that develop in the eye, nailbeds, palms, soles of the Approximately one-third feet, and various mucosal membranes. Patients facing these subtypes tend not to respond as well to current of patients don’t benefit treatments as patients with cutaneous melanomas from current therapies; this that arise on sun-exposed skin. But as investigators continue to chip away at understanding what causes includes many patients with these melanomas and how they differ from UV- rare forms of melanoma. driven cutaneous melanomas, the hope is the better understanding they reap will be sown into improved treatments for these patients. Researchers explored both the challenges and the opportunities for research on rare melanomas at the 2021 MRA Scientific Retreat.

16 New Insights Into the drug that might be effective for patients with this rare melanoma. However, the researchers did find a group of Acral Melanoma of genes with altered activity shared among most of the Keiran Smalley of H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and samples. The researchers also noted fewer and less Research Institute and his MRA-funded team hope active immune cells in the acral melanoma tumor samples to find a genetic ‘smoking gun’ of what causes acral compared to samples from cutaneous melanoma. This melanoma, a rare subtype of melanoma that develops on suggests that acral melanoma is less likely to spark an the palms, soles of feet, or under finger or toe nails, and immune response and may explain why many patients comprises about two to three percent of all melanomas. with this subtype often do not respond to checkpoint The researchers assumed that, like many cutaneous immunotherapy, Smalley noted. melanomas, acral melanomas evolve from moles whose growth goes awry due to a series of specific genetic Titia de Lange of Rockefeller University, Marcin Imielinski flaws. But this didn’t prove to be so for most of the of Weill Cornell, and their research team also found a tissues they analyzed when the researchers genetically tremendous amount of variability in the genetic landscape compared benign moles from acral sites (feet, hands) of the acral melanoma samples they studied. Many of to that of acral melanoma tumors. “This surprised us these genetic alterations were due to major disruptions because it suggests it is unlikely that acral nevi [moles] in genetic material, akin to typhoons creating piles of are likely to be the precursors for the majority of acral genomic wreckage, which break up the chromosomes and melanomas,” Smalley said. reattach the genes on them in new ways. These genetic disruptions are quite different from the smaller number Digging deeper, they then mapped out the genetic of consistent and more pinpoint genetic changes often landscapes of nine acral melanoma samples and found seen in cutaneous melanoma on sun-exposed skin. But tremendous variability in the genetic material and the because of the jumbling and multiplication of genetic ways in which cell functions were altered. Unfortunately, material that often occurs after these chromosomal no distinctive genetic signature was found among catastrophes, they likely trigger production of new proteins the samples that could provide a specific target for a (antigens). The immune system can recognize some of

“[Our research] surprised us because it suggests it is unlikely that acral nevi [moles] are . . . the precursors for the majority of acral melanomas.”

KIERAN SMALLEY

Rare Melanoma Research, Patient Registries & Clinical Trials 17 these new tumor antigens and attack the cells that have mutations, suggesting that they are likely to respond them when stimulated by checkpoint immunotherapy, to the therapies approved for common cutaneous the researchers speculate. They suggest that molecular melanoma. Quoting Nick Hayward’s data, Marais noted markers for these types of chromosomal disruptions, if that uveal melanomas arising on the iris also bear the present in patients’ tumors, might indicate whether they telltale genetic signature of sun-induced DNA damage, are likely to respond to such treatments. suggesting that these melanomas may also respond to checkpoint immunotherapies. UV-Driven Melanomas Extend Beyond the Skin “This makes us start to think about basic concepts in how melanoma is driven,” Marais said, pointing out that Richard Marais of the Cancer Research UK Manchester the data suggests that melanoma is driven by distinct Institute reported on a new discovery that suggests that a processes in different parts of the body, but that UVR subgroup of mucosal melanoma patients could respond imprints additional events over the baseline processes to checkpoint immunotherapies or targeted therapies. to accelerate melanoma development. “We need to Most mucosal melanomas arise in areas of the body not apply these findings to develop new treatments for exposed to the sun, so lack the telltale genetic changes rare melanomas, because responses are driven by the caused by ultraviolet radiation (UVR) induced DNA underlying genetics rather than by the tissue of origin” damage that are thought to contribute to responsiveness Marais noted, concluding that these findings reinforce of these melanomas to checkpoint blockade. Mucosal public health messages about the importance of melanomas are also not generally considered to be eligible protecting the eyes from UVR. for BRAF plus MEK inhibitors. However, Marais has found that melanomas arising in the mucosal membrane that covers the eye and lines the inside of eyelids have the distinctive signature common to sun-induced common cutaneous melanoma. These mucosal melanomas also had a high mutation burden and a high incidence of BRAF

Session moderator Hunter Shain with Titia de Lange and Marcin Imielinski in discussion.

18 Rare Melanoma Research, Patient Registries & Clinical Trials Furthering Clinical Trials on Rare Melanomas

Recognizing more research is needed to fully understand help researchers understand why certain treatments stop rare melanomas and how best to treat them, the MRA working over time in some patients. will be launching the RARE Registry for patients with acral and mucosal melanoma in 2021, while the MRA’s soon-to-be-launched registry is being developed Melanoma Research Foundation will launch a separate collaboratively with patients, researchers, and care registry in 2021 to focus on patient experiences with providers. Patients and loved ones helped drive the ocular melanoma. The MRA RARE Registry will provide design process and selected the research questions a centralized portal for patients with mucosal or acral they wanted the registry to help answer. “We really put melanomas to enter their medical data, their risk factors the patients in the driver’s seat when it came to asking for melanoma, and information about their quality of life. what do you want to know about your tumor,” Asgari The registry will also collect other nonmedical information said. Researchers also identified gaps in the current that can help inform decisions for melanoma researchers, knowledge about rare melanomas and what questions clinicians, policymakers, and funders. Maryam Asgari in the registry might help close those gaps, she added. of Massachusetts General Hospital and Co-Principal Asgari noted that the two melanoma registries will be a Investigator to MRA’s registry, reported at the “No Patient great conduit to connect patients with rare melanomas Left Behind” panel discussion on the last day of the to clinical trials. Patients are asked if they are willing to retreat. In addition, some patients whose data are part of participate in such trials and researchers conducting the MRA registry will be offered a genomic analysis of their tumors free of charge. This analysis can show genetic changes during and after their treatments, which should

“We really put the patients in the driver’s seat when it came to asking what do you want to know about your tumor?”

MARYAM ASGARI

19 those trials can easily find them by using the registry. The evaluated for things that you can now do more readily MRA registry will also be an open-access research portal online.” Lemery added that the FDA is working with for investigators who can use its data in their studies. various stakeholders on ways to gather enough data “Once we have the data we can study, breakthroughs in that is more user friendly, so patients who live in a rural treatment will follow,” Asgari stressed. area, for example, don’t have to travel to participate in a clinical trial at a major urban center, and instead can have Eventually, the MRA registry will go global, enabling blood and other tests done at their local facilities or at patients in countries in which rare melanomas are more their homes. “There’s no reason we can’t do clinical trials common to contribute their data, furthering the usefulness using telehealth to reach rural and other underserved of the registry in research and the development of new communities,” James Doroshow of the National Cancer treatments for people all over the world with acral and Institute (NCI) stressed, noting that NCI hasn’t seen mucosal melanomas, Asgari reported. Steven Lemery of any significant change in the quality of such trials or an the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), who was also on increase in adverse side effects when they are run in the panel discussion, stressed “As a society, we need to this decentralized manner. “I hope the future has a more establish these registries to find better ways to treat and patient-friendly approach to clinical trials with more ability prevent these diseases.” for patients who don’t live in a big city to enroll in them.” Lemery said. Ensuring patients with rare melanomas have access to clinical trials is also essential. One learning from the pandemic is that more extensive use of telehealth has increased accessibility of clinical trials to more patients. Learn more about melanoma clinical trials Researchers are shipping patients their investigational and find potential matches: drugs, conducting video visits, and doing remote monitoring. These efforts enable more patients to CureMelanoma.org/ClinicalTrials participate in clinical trials, pointed out all the participants in the panel discussion. “Telehealth is fantastic,” said Asgari. “You can save patients having to drive in to be

Clockwise from left: Elliot Sigal, Steven Lemery, Maryam Asgari, and James Doroshow on the “No Patient Left Behind” panel.

20 Rare Melanoma Research, Patient Registries & Clinical Trials INDUSTRY ROUNDTABLE Biomarkers: What You Need to Know What They Are, Why They Matter, and Where They are Going

Clockwise from left: Elliot Sigal, Steven Lemery, Maryam Asgari, and James Doroshow on the “No Patient Left Behind” panel. he melanoma treatment field has been place within the body. The term is literally a mashup of rewarded recently with an abundance of riches, ‘biological’ and ‘marker’ and is used constantly in modern T including several targeted therapies, checkpoint medicine. Put in a different way, doctors use various immunotherapies, and many more experimental biomarkers to determine if your liver is working correctly, treatments in the pipeline. But all these exciting new to determine if your body is responding appropriately to a treatment options for patients can also create complexity medication, or a surgery is successful. and confusion about which treatments patients should receive first, when combination treatment is necessary, When it comes to melanoma biomarkers, we are when to stop therapy and when to switch to a new often referring to the expression of certain proteins treatment altogether. Fortunately, help is on the way in by tumor cells themselves or other cells in the tumor the form of biomarkers — molecular or cellular indicators microenvironment, the presence or a specific genetic for whether a patient is likely to respond or is currently mutation, or even clinical metrics such as the size of the responding to their therapy, or whether they are likely to tumor(s) and location. But relevant biomarkers aren’t have a recurrence of their cancer. only in the tumor or tumor-environment — they can also be found in other parts of the body including cell-free What are Biomarkers? snippets of DNA found in the blood, or the composition of the gut microbiota. Many of these biomarkers are showing At the most basic level, biomarkers are objective and promise for aiding treatment decisions for melanoma measurable signs that something is or is not taking

21 patients, but only one, BRAF mutation status, is currently Developing biomarker tests is important because it approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) gives clinicians information they need to make strategic to distinguish melanoma patients likely to respond to treatment recommendations for their patients. therapies targeting the BRAFV600E mutation in this gene. What are the Current Challenges and How are Biomarkers Measured? Where are Biomarker Tests Heading?

Some biomarkers, such as the size or location of a tumor First and foremost, it isn’t always clear what can be are easy to measure, but others require the development objectively measured — for all patients — to answer of sophisticated tests that are able to measure tiny some of the most pressing questions faced by clinicians. changes in the body, from specific mutations driving a Second, these tests must be rigorously evaluated in tumor (such as tests designed to measure BRAF status), to clinical trials before they can be widely adopted. the diversity of bacteria in the gut’s microbiome. Keeping the development of new biomarker tests in lockstep with Current research suggests that a combination of the advancement of new treatment options is important to biomarkers may be more informative than measuring a help guide the use of new therapies. single biomarker such as BRAF status. For example, one pretreatment biomarker panel that relies on six biomarkers For example, targeted therapies are currently FDA for tumor and immune cell features was found to be approved in the treatment of patients with BRAF mutant a much more powerful predictor of risk of melanoma melanoma. This is great for the half of all patients with recurrence than its individual components. cutaneous melanoma who have the mutation, but what of the other half? What if we had no way of knowing who fit One of the more comprehensive approaches to discerning into this category without treating everyone — and then biomarkers is to do a complete genetic analysis of a simply prayed it would work? Fortunately, researchers patient’s tumor via a process called next-generation developed accurate and reproducible biomarker tests sequencing (NGS), which is likely to be more informative to determine who is likely to benefit from this treatment than a simple genetic test, as multiple genes are now approach, saving patients without the BRAF mutation from known to play major roles in melanoma. Researchers think a treatment that isn’t likely to ever work for them. that NGS can be useful for melanoma patients because some mutations identified with this technology may be “actionable.” That is, there are approved drugs that may be aligned with specific mutations, often used to treat other forms of cancer, that may be effective in treating melanomas with these mutations.

Clinicians also face the conundrum of whether to treat “There are a lot of exciting patients beyond surgery, as the drugs originally approved biomarkers in melanoma, for unresectable metastatic melanoma are now approved but we’re now looking at the to treat some stage 3 patients, in what is known as the adjuvant setting. Clinical trials are also looking at treating gap between discovery and patients with even earlier stages of the disease. Physicians clinical practice.” are treating some patients at high risk of having a melanoma recurrence before or shortly after their surgical JANICE TAUBE removal of their tumor with immune and other cancer therapies, in an effort to have “no tumor left behind” even though many of those patients are likely to be cured by

22 Biomarkers: What You Need to Know surgery alone. To help navigate these challenges, clinicians What is Needed to Move the need a better understanding of which patients are most Field Forward? likely to have a recurrence of their melanoma and thus should be subjected to the risks of the drug treatments. Before taking new steps to move the field forward, it’s important to make sure that no patients are being left “We have the challenge of colliding multiple biomarkers for behind. David Solit of Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer multiple therapies,” noted Keith Flaherty of Massachusetts Center suggested that MRA could advocate for the General Hospital. Janice Taube, a dermatopathologist creation of a tiered list of biomarkers seen as standard at Johns Hopkins University added, “There are a lot of of care for patients with melanoma, versus those used exciting biomarkers in melanoma, but we’re now looking only in the framework of a clinical trial. Solit noted that at the gap between discovery and clinical practice.” Taube insurers based their reimbursement policies on expert and Flaherty were two of about two dozen representatives statements about when certain treatments or diagnostic from industry, the FDA, and academia that the MRA tests should be performed, and there is a lack of an expert brought together as part of its 2021 Scientific Retreat for organization for cancer biomarkers that can make those a lively roundtable discussion on how to move biomarker recommendations. Norton suggested tapping the National development forward and into clinical practice so that Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) to work with more melanoma patients can benefit. for expert biomarker recommendations. NCCN is a non- profit network of 30 Comprehensive Cancer Centers in Taube suggested biomarkers currently in the discovery the United States that publishes treatment guidelines and and development stages need to be tested in large clinical insurers often follow those guidelines in determining what trials. The results of such trials can refine the guidelines for is covered. how these biomarkers are interpreted, as well as validate their reproducibility and accuracy, and their efficiency, in Taube noted there is great academic interest in developing terms of cost and time. She pointed out unity is lacking tests that could simultaneously measure multiple in terms of how current biomarkers are used, with cutoff biomarkers in a tumor utilizing a single technique such levels for specific biomarkers varying according to as histrochemistry, thus reducing the tumor sample size the institution at which they are done. She suggested needed, but she is disappointed by how these innovative developing more universal guidelines for biomarkers. tests are not moving forward and into clinical practice. “How best can we partner with industry and the FDA for MRA’s Chief Science Officer Marc Hurlbert asked whether them?” she asked. Luke suggested MRA could consider more extensive NGS analyses should be reserved for advocating for such multiplex tests as part of standard of melanoma patients not served well by current treatments. care for melanoma patients. Steven Lemery of the FDA Jason Luke of the University of Pittsburgh responded added MRA could help establish standards for when “Everyone agrees that patients with advanced melanoma patients should be re-biopsied or have blood samples to should have NGS and not just BRAF and that would open assess for biomarkers for treatment effectiveness, so as to up greater space for these patients to participate in clinical clarify when insurers should reimburse such procedures. trials.” Luke suggested MRA advocate for NGS as part of the standard care for patients with advanced melanoma “Every year biomarkers become more relevant. We have as a way to inspire insurers to pay for such analyses. to stop talking about them and do something to drive their Deborah Norton of Novartis agreed that there needs to be use in practice,” Norton stressed. clarification of which melanoma patients should have NGS and when. “I think all melanoma patients need it but there is resistance to this from insurers, so a call to action on this would be helpful,” she said. “Is NGS testing ready for prime time is a key point,” Flaherty stressed.

Biomarkers: What You Need to Know 23 Agenda (All times listed are in EST)

Agenda, Participants, & Sponsors MRA 2021 Scientific Retreat February 22 – February 24, 2021

Agenda (All times listed are in EST)

Monday, February 22 11:00am-1:00pm Scientific Session 1: Novel influences on tumorigenesis and progression Keynote Lecture: William Kaelin, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Speakers: Titia de Lange, The Rockefeller University Marcin Imielinski, Weill Cornell Hilary Coller, University of California, Los Angeles David Lombard, University of Michigan: Oncogenic role of the SIRT5 deacylase in melanoma 6:30-7:30pm Poster Session 1

Tuesday, February 23 9:30-10:30am Poster Session 2 11:00am-1:00pm Scientific Session 2: Novel immunotherapy targets and mechanisms of immune-related adverse events Keynote Lecture: Jennifer Wargo, University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Speakers: Pan Zheng, University of Maryland, Baltimore John Wilson, Vanderbilt University Kai Wucherpfenning, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute: Molecular Pathways of Colon Inflammation Induced by Checkpoint Blockade 6:30-7:30pm Networking Roundtables Session 1

Wednesday, February 24 9:30-10:30am Networking Roundtables Session 2 11:00am-1:00pm Scientific Session 3: New approaches to detecting and treating melanoma Keynote Lecture: Richard Marais, Cancer Research UK Speakers: Keiran Smalley, Moffitt Cancer Centers Elizabeth Patton, University of Edinburgh Allan Halpern, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center 1:30-2:30pm Moderated Panel Discussion – No Patient Left Behind: Treating & Diagnosing Patients with Unmet Medical Needs. Panelists: Maryam Asgari, Massachusetts General Hospital, Steven Lemery, US Food and Drug Administration (invited), Ned Sharpless, National Cancer Institute

25 Participants

Mena Abaskharoun Ido Amit Cancer Center Oncology Clinical Team Lead Department of [email protected] Bristol Meyers Squib Weizmann Institute [email protected] Phyu Aung Niroshana Anandasabapathy Associate Professor Shaad Abdullah Associate Professor of Dermatology, University of Texas, MD Anderson Clinical Program Lead Attending Physician Cancer Center Immunocore LTD Weill Cornell Medicine Meyer Cancer [email protected] [email protected] Center [email protected] Sandra Aung Paul Abecassis VP - Chief Clinical Development Officer [email protected] Ana Anderson OncoSec Medical Inc. Associate Professor [email protected] Arnold Abernathy Harvard Medical School Founder [email protected] Virginia Aznar de Carrillo Stage Free Melanoma Secretary [email protected] Margaret Anderson Melanoma Spain Association Board of Directors [email protected] Cheyl Adams Melanoma Research Alliance [email protected] Clare Bailhe Steven Anreder President - Financial Sponsors & LevFin Apollo | MidCap Dave Adams President & CEO Anreder & Company [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Shirin Bajaj Adewole Adamson Andrew Aplin NYU Langone Medical Center Assistant Professor Associate Director [email protected] The University of Texas System Thomas Jefferson University [email protected] Anand Balasubramani Rhoda Alani Managing Scientific Editor Professor and Chair Victoria Aranda American Society for Microbiology Boston University School of Medicine Senior Editor NATURE [email protected] [email protected] James Allison Tobias Bald Chairman, Department of Immunology; Group Leader University of Bonn University of Texas, Charlotte Ariyan [email protected] MD Anderson Cancer Center Attending [email protected] Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center [email protected] Robert Ballotti Research Director Lauren Alptunaer Universite Nice Sophia Antipolis [email protected] Maryam Asgari Professor [email protected] Massachusetts General Hospital Katherina Alsina [email protected] Riyue Bao Associate Director, Uveal Melanoma Co-Director of Cancer Bioinformatics Castle Biosciences Michael Atkins UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Deputy Director [email protected] Georgetown Lombardi Comprehensive

26 Enric Barba Ibañez Juliana Berk-Krauss Kim Blenman Melanoma Spain Association PGY3 Dermatology Resident SUNY Associate Research Scientist Yale [email protected] Downstate Medical Center University [email protected] [email protected] Jolyon Barker Alexander Boiko Deloitte Emily Bernstein Associate Professor [email protected] Professor Cedars-Sinai Cancer Center Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [email protected] Cody Barnett [email protected] Director of Communications Gideon Bollag Melanoma Research Alliance Elizabeth Berry Plexxikon [email protected] OHSU Department of Dermatology [email protected] [email protected] Liron Bar-Peled Jean Bolognia Massachusetts General Hospital Corine Bertolotto Professor [email protected] Team leader, Research Director, INSERM Yale University [email protected] Steven Barthel Aislyn D. Boran Instructor Nina Bhardwaj Associate Director, Global Biomarkers Brigham & Women’s Hospital Director of Immunotherapy, & Diagnostics, Novartis Oncology [email protected] Ward-Coleman Chair in Cancer Research Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Chris Boris Deputy Executive Director Boris Bastian [email protected] Dermatology Foundation Professor University of California, San Francisco Jack Biggaine [email protected] President Marcus Bosenberg Mollie Biggane Melanoma Foundation Professor of Dermatology, , Immunobiology, Yale University Georgia Beasley [email protected] [email protected] Assistant Professor Duke University Maggie Biggane [email protected] President John Bournas Mollie Biggane Melanoma Foundation Executive Director Dermatology Foundation Barbara Bedogni [email protected] [email protected] Associate Professor University of Miami Ken Billett [email protected] Patient Advocate James Braxton [email protected] Executive Director Medical Affairs Castle Biosciences Valerie Behan [email protected] Senior Scientific Program Manager Benjamin Black Rising Tide Board of Directors [email protected] Melanoma Research Alliance Karine Breckpot Professor Vrije Universiteit Brussel Reeti Behera Debra Black [email protected] AACR Co Founder and Chair Melanoma [email protected] Research Alliance Douglas Brodman Vice Chairman Maria Bell Leon Black Melanoma Research Foundation Board of Directors Board of Directors [email protected] Melanoma Research Alliance Melanoma Research Alliance

Steve Brody Alfonso Bellacosa Christian Blank Partner Fox Chase Cancer Center Netherlands Cancer Institute O’Melveny & Myers LLP [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Participants 27 Peter Bross Zachary Cain Helen Chen Oncology Branch Team Lead Senior Director, US Medical - Early Physician and Senior Investigator US Food & Drug Administration Assets, Biomarkers & Diagnostics National Cancer Institute [email protected] Bristol Meyers Squib [email protected]

Trena Brown Tracy Callahan Xu Chen Patient Advocate CEO, Founder Assistant Professor Polka Dot Mama Melanoma Foundation The Regents of the University of Elizabeth Buchbinder [email protected] California, San Francisco Assistant Professor [email protected] Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Diane Cannon [email protected] Director, Corporate Partnerships Y. Ann Chen Melanoma UK H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Timothy Bullock Associate [email protected] Research Institute Professor University of Virginia Joseph Cantor Nicolas Chevrier [email protected] Staff Scientist II BD Biosciences Assistant Professor The University of Chicago Steven Burakoff Richard Carvajal [email protected] Dean for Cancer Innovation Director of Melanoma Service The Tisch Cancer Instittue at Mount Sinai Columbia University Irving Medical Center Jerry Edward Chipuk [email protected] Associate Professor & Associate Director M. Graciela Cascio of TCI Melody Burchett Weill Cornell Medicine Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai President [email protected] [email protected] A Cure In Sight [email protected] Julide Tok Celebi Angela M. Christiano Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Co-Chair, Department of Dermatology Christin Burd [email protected] (Interim) Associate Professor Advisory Dean for Basic Scientist Faculty The Ohio State University Craig Ceol Columbia University Medical Center [email protected] University of Massachusetts [email protected] [email protected] Karen Burke M.D Ph.D Kim Clarke Clinical Professor, Department of Edward Chan Program Manager Dermatology Icahn School of Medicine at Clinical Research Medical Director American Cancer Society Mount Sinai Amgen [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Judith Colin Robyn Burns Paul Chapman Patient Advocate Science Officer Attending Physician [email protected] Melanoma Research Foundation Memorial Sloan Ketting Cancer Center [email protected] [email protected] Hilary Coller Professor Tal Burstyn-Cohen Marilu Chavez University of California, Los Angeles Principal Investigator Vice President Miggy’s Gift Inc. [email protected] Hebrew University of Jerusalem [email protected] [email protected] Clara Curiel Mac Cheever Professor of Dermatology and Chief Katherine Byrnes Member University of Arizona Cancer Center Executive Director Skin of Steel Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Sue Currie VP, Head of Medical Affairs Nektar Therapeutics [email protected]

28 Participants Elvan Daniels Scott Diede Michelle Edwards Scientific Director Cancer Control and Executive Director Senior Director, Medical Affairs Prevention Merck & Co. Pfizer American Cancer Society [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Laura Dimmitt Alexander Eggermont Michael Davies Medical Affairs/Patient Advocacy Erasmus University Medical Center Professor Provectus Biopharmaceuticals University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer [email protected] Amanda Eilian Center Board of Directors [email protected] John D’Orazio Melanoma Research Alliance Professor of Pediatrics Ellen Davis University of Kentucky Joann Elmore Board of Directors [email protected] Professor Melanoma Research Alliance University of California, Los Angeles Leslie Doros [email protected] Heather Davis Medical Officer Patient Advocate US Food & Drug Administration Lynne Elmore [email protected] Senior Scientific Director Tamara Dawson American Cancer Society Founder/Director Michael Dougan [email protected] Melanoma & Skin Cancer Advocacy Assistant Professor Network Australia Massachusetts General Hospital Victor Engelhard [email protected] [email protected] Director, Carter Professor of Microbiology, Immunology, and Cancer Biology Tanja de Gruijl Stephanie Dougan University of Virginia School of Medicine Professor Assistant Professor [email protected] Amsterdam UMC Dana-Farber Cancer Institute [email protected] [email protected] Neta Erez Lab Head, Department Chair Daniela De Zio Andrew Dudley Tel-Aviv University Principal Investigator University of Virginia [email protected] Danish Cancer Society Research Center [email protected] [email protected] Dan Erkes Ute Dugan [email protected] Steven Deitcher SVP, Clinical Research President, CEO, and Board Member Parker Institute for Cancer Immunotherapy Maria Fardis Radimmune Therapeutics [email protected] President & CEO [email protected] Iovance Biotherapeutics Reinhard Dummer [email protected] Veronique del Marmol Vice-Chairman CEO University Hospital Zurich Mark Faries Euromelanoma Europe Professor of Surgery [email protected] Ken Dutton-Regester The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute Research Officer [email protected] Greg Delgoffe QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute Associate Professor [email protected] Lola Fashoyin-Aje University of Pittsburgh Deputy Director, Division of Oncology 3 [email protected] Shelley Earp US Food & Drug Administration Director [email protected] Julie Dewey The University of North Carolina at Patient Advocate Chapel Hill Jason Federici [email protected] Board of Directors Melanoma Research Alliance

Participants 29 Chanda Felton Thomas Gajewski Michael Goldberg Program Manager Professor CEO STIMIT American Cancer Society University of Chicago [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Jamie Goldfarb Linda Fennell Neil Ganem Patient Advocate Regional Director of Medical Affairs Associate Professor [email protected] Merck & Co. Boston University School of Medicine [email protected] [email protected] Mark Gorman Patient Advocate Andrea Ferris President and CEO Levi Garraway [email protected] LUNGevity Foundation Chief Medical Officer [email protected] Genentech/Roche Thomas Graeber [email protected] Director, UCLA Metabolomics Center Nathanael Fillmore University of California, Los Angeles VA Boston Healthcare System/Harvard Christine Garrison [email protected] Medical School Vice-President [email protected] The White Aisle Foundation Richard Granstein [email protected] Professor and Chairman Friedrich Graf Finckenstein Weill Cornell Medicine Chief Medical Officer Iovance Evris Gavathiotis [email protected] Biotherapeutics Professor [email protected] Albert Einstein College of Medicine Susanna Greer [email protected] Director, Clinical Cancer Research and Rachel Fischer Immunology Senior Associate, Scientific Program & Tamar Geiger American Cancer Society Grants Administratioon Principal Investigator [email protected] Melanoma Research Alliance Tel-Aviv University [email protected] [email protected] Lee Grinberg Portfolio Manager David Fisher Alan Geller Elliott Management Corp Chief of Dermatology Massachusetts Harvard University [email protected] General Hospital [email protected] Skip Grinberg Keith Flaherty Pedram Gerami Patient Advocate Director of Developmental Therapeutics Northwestern University [email protected] Massachusetts General Hospital [email protected] Camille Gerard Patrick Guddal The Francis Crick Institute Executive Director Greg Friberg [email protected] Connect Melanoma Vice President Global Development [email protected] Amgen Jeffrey Gershenwald [email protected] Professor Samantha Guild University of Texas, MD Anderson President Elaine Fuchs Cancer Center AIM at Melanoma Investigator, Rebecca C. Lancefield [email protected] [email protected] Professor HHMI, The Rockefeller University Jami Gertz Carter Haag [email protected] Board of Directors Resident Melanoma Research Alliance OHSU Gina Fusaro [email protected] Development Program Lead Daniel Gioeli Bristol Meyers Squib Associate Professor Ruth Halaban [email protected] University of Virginia Senior Research Scientist [email protected] Yale University [email protected]

30 Participants Allan Halpern Maitreyee Hazarika Travis Hollmann Internist & Dermatologist Senior Medical Officer Associate Attending Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center US Food & Drug Administration Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center [email protected] [email protected] Carolyn Heckman Amanda Halverstadt McDaniel Co-Leader, Cancer Prevention and Sheri Holmen Best Day Ever Skin Cancer Control Program Professor Awareness, Ltd Rutgers Cancer Institute of NJ University of Utah [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Karen Hamel Simon Heidegger Dave Hoon Director, Patient Advocacy Klinikum rechts der Isar der TU München Professor Director Novartis Oncology [email protected] John Wayne Cancer Institute [email protected] Omid Hamid Daisy Helman Dir, Melanoma Oncology; Chief, Clinical Board of Directors Thomas Hornyak Research Melanoma Research Alliance Associate Chief of Staff for Research & The Angeles Clinic and Research Institute Development VA Maryland Health Care System/Univ. of [email protected] Shawn Helms President & CEO Maryland [email protected] Matthew Hangauer Helms Hope Foundation Assistant Professor [email protected] University of California, San Diego H Timothy Hsiao American Society for Radiation Oncology [email protected] Paul Hergenrother Professor [email protected] Brent Hanks University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Associate Professor [email protected] Jeanne Hsu Duke University Associate Marketing Director - Oncology Natera [email protected] Eva Hernando Professor Rizwan Haq New York University School of Medicine Ku-Lung Hsu Assistant Professor [email protected] Associate Professor of Chemistry and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Pharmacology University of Virginia [email protected] Susan Hess Board of Directors [email protected] J. William Harbour Melanoma Research Alliance Professor and Vice Chair Xiaojun Huang Global Development Lead Bascom Palmer Eye Institute Jack Hidary University of Miami Miller School of Director Amgen Medicine Google [email protected] Leah Hubbard Program Director National Cancer Winston Hide Sushant Hardikar Beth Israel Medical Center/Harvard Institute Senior Medical Director Medical School [email protected] Eisai Inc. [email protected] [email protected] Willy Hugo Assistant Adjunct Professor University of Ping-Chih Ho Rebecca Hartman Associate Professor California, Los Angeles Director of Melanoma Epidemiology University of Lausanne [email protected] Brigham & Women’s Hospital/Harvard [email protected] Medical School Siwen Hu-Lieskovan [email protected] Assistant Professor of Medicine F. Stephen Hodi Director, Melanoma Disease Center & University of Utah Huntsman Cancer Cynthia Hartung Center for Immuno-Oncology Center Executive Director, Medical Affairs Dana-Farber Cancer Institute [email protected] Iovance Biotherapeutics [email protected]

Participants 31 Marc Hurlbert Amy Jardon Rotem Karni Chief Science Officer Patient Advocate Chair, Department of and Melanoma Research Alliance [email protected] [email protected] Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical Russell Jenkins School [email protected] Adam Hurlstone Massachusetts General Hospital University of Manchester [email protected] Brad Karp [email protected] Chairman Andy Johnson Paul, Weiss Patrick Hwu Manager, Medical Communications [email protected] President & CEO Idera Pharmaceuticals H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research [email protected] Florian Karreth Institute Assistant Member Doug Johnson H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Nageatte Ibrahim Associate Professor of Medicine Institute Associate Vice President Vanderbilt University [email protected] Merck & Co. [email protected] [email protected] Charles Kaufman Goran Jonsson Washington University in Saint Louis Ramy Ibrahim Lund University [email protected] Chief Medical Officer [email protected] Parker Institute for Cancer Howard Kaufman Immunotherapy Sabrina Joseph Head, Research & Development [email protected] Sr. Scientific Program Officer Immuneering American Society for Radiation Oncology [email protected] Marcin Imielinski [email protected] Assistant Professor Alissa Keegan Weill Cornell Medicine Nikhil Joshi Senior Medical Scientist Amgen [email protected] Assistant Professor [email protected] Yale University School Of Medicine Kimberly Irvine [email protected] Denise Kellen Patient Insightt & Advocacy Officer Board of Directors OncoSec Immunotherapies Robert Judson-Torres Melanoma Research Alliance [email protected] Fellow University of Utah / HCI Jeannine Kelly Jeffrey Ishizuka [email protected] Associate Director, US Patient Advocacy Assistant Professor of Medicine Merck & Co. (Oncology) Susan Kaech [email protected] Yale School of Medicine Professor [email protected] Salk Institute for Biological Studies Priscilla Kelly [email protected] Editor Fumito Ito SCIENCE Associate Professor of Surgery Anusha Kalbasi [email protected] Roswell Park Cancer Institute Assistant Professor [email protected] University of California, Los Angeles Jonathan Kentley [email protected] [email protected] Nadia Jabri [email protected] Michael Kaplan Aparna Kesarwala President & CEO Assistant Professor Emory University Madan Jagasia Melanoma Research Alliance [email protected] Senior Vice President, Medical Affairs [email protected] Iovance Biotherapeutics Shaheen Khan [email protected] Assistant Professor University of Texas at Southwestern Medical Center [email protected]

32 Participants Nikhil Khushalani Kivanc Kose Sancy Leachman Vice Chair and Senior Member, Senior Research Scientist Professor & Chair, Department of Cutaneous Oncology Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Dermatology H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research [email protected] Oregon Health & Science University Institute [email protected] [email protected] Michael Krauthammer Professor Jeffrey Legos Donna Kimbark University of Zurich Head, Oncology Development Unit Program Manager [email protected] Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corp. CDMRP-Melanoma Research Program [email protected] [email protected] Clemens Krepler Senior Clinical Director Steven Lemery Tomas Kirchhoff Merck & Co. Director, DO3 Perlmutter Cancer Center, NYU Grossman [email protected] US Food & Drug Administration School of Medicine [email protected] Art Krieg Eleonora Leucci Chief Scientific Officer PI and head of Trace KU Leuven John Kirkwood Checkmate Pharmaceuticals [email protected] Usher Professor of Medicine, [email protected] Dermatology, and Translational Science Carmit Levy UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Esther Krofah Professor [email protected] Executive Director Tel Aviv University FasterCures, a Center of the Milken [email protected] Michael Klowden Institute Board of Directors [email protected] Joan Levy Melanoma Research Alliance Senior Director of Special Projects Ashish Kulkarni Melanoma Research Alliance Harriet Kluger Assistant Professor [email protected] Professor of Medicine (Oncology) University of Massachusetts Amherst Yale University [email protected] Yung Lie [email protected] President and CEO Rajan Kulkarni Damon Runyon Cancer Research David Knipe Associate Professor Foundation Higgins Professor of Microbiology and Oregon Health and Science University [email protected] Immunobiology [email protected] Harvard University Evan Lipson Berta L. Sanchez-Laorden Associate Professor, Medical Oncology Sebastian Kobold Principal Investigator Johns Hopkins University School of Attending Physician, Professor Instituto de Neurociencias CSIC-UMH Medicine Klinikum der Ludwig-Maximilians- [email protected] [email protected] Universität München [email protected] Benjamin Larimer Kevin Litchfield Assistant Professor Group Leader Kok-Fai Kong University of Alabama Birmingham University College London kevin. Senior Research Scientist [email protected] [email protected] Takeda [email protected] Theresa LaVallee Sixue Liu VP, Translational Medicine & Regulatory University of California, Los Angeles John Koomen Affairs [email protected] Senior Member Parker Institute for Cancer H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Immunotherapy Roger Lo Institute [email protected] Professor [email protected] University of California, Los Angeles [email protected]

Participants 33 Serigne Lo Amanda Lund Sharon Marston Associate Professor Associate Professor President University of Sydney / Melanoma Institute NYU Langone Health Jack H. Marston II Melanoma Fund Australia [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Herbert Lyerly David Marx Irene Lobon Professor Patient Advocate The Francis Crick Institute Duke University [email protected] [email protected] Jeremy Logue Grant McArthur Assistant Professor Paul Macklin Medical Oncologist Albany Medical College Associate Professor Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre [email protected] Indiana University [email protected] [email protected] David Lombard Scott McKenzie Associate Professor of Pathology Umar Mahmood Scientific Director University of Michigan Massachusetts General Hospital Nektar Therapeutics [email protected] [email protected] Courtney Malo Nir London Associate Editor Mark McLaughlin The Weizmann Institute of Science Science Translational Medicine Professor [email protected] [email protected] West Virginia University [email protected] Edward Long Steve Mao Vice President Editor-in-Chief Martin McMahon Van Scoyoc Associates Cancer Cell, Cell Press Huntsman Cancer Institute & Dept. [email protected] [email protected] of Dermatology University of Utah Georgina Long Richard Marais [email protected] Co-Medical Director Director Melanoma Institute Australia CRUK Manchester Institute Jennifer McQuade [email protected] Assistant Professor Nicole Lopanik University of Texas, MD Anderson Program Manage Amy Marbaugh Cancer Center American Cancer Society Melanoma Research Foundation [email protected] [email protected] Janice Mehnert Associate Director for Clinical Research, Heather Losey Ashfaq Marghoob Perlmutter Cancer Center Senior Director, Research Program Lead, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center NYU Langone Health Oncology [email protected] Alkermes, Inc. Kim Margolin Professor/Physician [email protected] City of Hope Ira Mellman [email protected] Genentech Michal Lotem [email protected] Head, Center for Melanoma and Cancer Chris Marine Professor VIB Immunotherapy JeanChristophe.Marine@ Eileen Melnick Hadassah Hebrew University Hospital cme.vib-kuleuven.be Director, Grants & Awards [email protected] Conquer Cancer Foundation of the American Society of Clinical Oncology Nancy Marks [email protected] Jason Luke Board of Directors Associate Professor of Medicine Melanoma Research Alliance UPMC Hillman Cancer Center Thorsten Mempel [email protected] Associate Professor Rebecca Marquez Massachusetts General Hospital Field Medical Director [email protected] Pfizer [email protected]

34 Participants Glenn Merlino Marsha Mitchum Angela Nieto Scientific Director for Basic Research Medical Officer Universidad Miguel Hernandez Center for Cancer Research, US Food & Drug Administration National Cancer Institute [email protected] Deborah Norton [email protected] US Head, Integrated Disease Medical Nicholas Mitsiades Team, Melanoma/GI Jane Messina Associate Professor Novartis Oncology Senior Member Baylor College of Medicine H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research [email protected] Roberto Novoa Institute Clinical Associate Professor [email protected] Joao Monteiro Stanford University Chief Editor Nature Medicine [email protected] Martin Mihm, Jr. [email protected] Director of Melanoma Steven O’Day Brigham & Women’s Hospital James Moon Chief Medical Officer [email protected] John Gideon Searle Associate Professor Agenus Inc [email protected] University of Michigan Mike Milken [email protected] Jill O’Donnell-Tormey Board of Directors CEO and Director of Scientific Affairs Melanoma Research Alliance Kristen Mueller Cancer Research Institute Senior Director, Scientific Program [email protected] Debbie Miller Melanoma Research Alliance Co-Founder [email protected] Claire Olingy Tara Miller Melanoma Foundation AAAS [email protected] Dennis Murphree [email protected] Co-Director, Office of Artificial Intelligence George Miller Mayo Clinic Department of Dermatology Kevin O’Neill Co-Founder [email protected] OM Research Patient Advocate Tara Miller Melanoma Foundation [email protected] [email protected] Priyadharsini Nagarajan Associate Professor Renee Orcione Kristen Miller University of Texas, MD Anderson Development Associate Co-Founder Cancer Center Melanoma Research Alliance Tara Miller Melanoma Foundation [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Yana Najjar Marlana Orloff Lauren Miller Assistant Professor of Medicine UPMC Assistant Professor Co-Founder Hillman Cancer Center Thomas Jefferson University Tara Miller Melanoma Foundation [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Nouri Neamati Patrick Ott Beloo Mirakhur Professor Associate Professor Clinical Research Medical Director The University of Michigan Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Amgen Rogel Cancer Center [email protected] Willem Overwijk Sandra Misale VP Oncology Research Nektar Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Tobias Neff Therapeutics [email protected] Senior Principal Scientist Merck & Co. Michael Pacold Tara Mitchell [email protected] Assistant Professor University of Pennsylvania New York University School of Medicine [email protected] Felicity Newell [email protected] Queensland Institute of Medical Research Nallasivam Palanisamy Julia Newton-Bishop Associate Professor [email protected] Henry Ford Health System [email protected]

Participants 35 Karolina Palucka Rolando Perez-Lorenzo Derrick Queen Professor and Associate Drector of Associate Research Scientist Patient Advocate Cancer Immunology Columbia University [email protected] The Jackson Laboratory [email protected] [email protected] Osama Rahma Louise Perkins Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Drew Pardoll CSO, Emerita [email protected] Professor of Oncology, Director Cancer Melanoma Research Alliance Immunology [email protected] Kunal Rai Johns Hopkins University Associate Professor Claudia Piazza University of Texas, MD Anderson Cancer Joshua Parker President Center Tara Miller Melanoma Foundation Melanoma Italia Onlus &Asociacion de [email protected] Pacientes Melanoma Uruguay/Latinao Fernando Pastor America Milind Rajadhyaksha Foundation for Applied Medical Research [email protected] Professor FIMA Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Libby Pickard [email protected] Sapna Patel Patient Advocate Associate Professor [email protected] Carla Rake University of Texas, MD Anderson Patient Advocate Cancer Center Elena Piskounova [email protected] [email protected] Assistant Professor Weill Cornell Medicine Praveena Raman Anand Pathak [email protected] Medical Information and Medical Affairs Medical Officer Capability US Food & Drug Administration Anand. David Polsky Nektar Therapeutics [email protected] Professor [email protected] NYU Langone Health Margie Patlak [email protected] Janine Rauscher Science Writer Associate Director, Development & Margie Patlak Inc Patricia Possik Information Management [email protected] Associate Investigator Melanoma Research Alliance Brazilian National Cancer Institute [email protected] Elizabeth Patton [email protected] Programme Leader and Reader University Robert Rawson of Edinburgh Michael Postow Tissue Pathology Specialist Melanoma [email protected] Chief, Melanoma Service Institute Australia Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center [email protected] Anna Pavlick [email protected] Professor of Medicine and Dermatology Patrick Rebholtz Weill Cornell Medicine Victor Prieto Patient Advocate [email protected] University of Texas, [email protected] MD Anderson Cancer Center Daniel Peeper [email protected] Jessicca Rege Lab Head, Department Chair VP, Clinical Research Oncology The Netherlands Cancer Institute Raj Puri Alkermes, Inc. [email protected] Director, Division of Cellular and Gene [email protected] Therapy Hector Peinado US Food & Drug Administration Tim Reilly [email protected] [email protected] Senior VP and Early Development Program Lead, Research & Early Weiyi Peng Enrica Quattrocchi Development Bristol Meyers Squib Assistant Professor Mayo Clinic [email protected] University of Houston [email protected] [email protected]

36 Participants Richard Ressler Antonella Romanini Yardena Samuels Board of Directors President elected Associate Professor Melanoma Research Alliance Associazione Contro il Melanoma Weizmann Institute [email protected] [email protected] Antoni Ribas Professor of Medicine Ze’ev Ronai Neville Sanjana University of California, Los Angeles Professor Core Faculty Member [email protected] Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical New York Genome Center Discovery Institute [email protected] Carolyn Ricci [email protected] Director of Development Melanoma Ronit Satchi-Fainaro Research Alliance Veronica Rotemberg Head, Cancer Research and [email protected] Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Nanomedicine Laboratory [email protected] Tel-Aviv University Natalie Richardson [email protected] Managing Director Jeff Rowbottom Save Your Skin Foundation Board of Directors Tobias Schatton [email protected] Melanoma Research Alliance Assistant Professor Harvard Medical School Ann Richmond Alicia Rowell [email protected] Professor VP Vanderbilt University AIM at Melanoma Ryan Schoenfeld [email protected] [email protected] CSO The Mark Foundation for Cancer Todd Ridky Will Rubin Research Associate Professor Director University of Pennsylvania Nektar Therapeutics Craig Schuh [email protected] [email protected] Patient Advocate

Corey Ritchings Mark Rubinstein Gary Schwartz Clinical Development Lead, Associate Professor Chief, Melanoma-Sacoma Oncology Melanoma and Breast Cancer Medical University of South Carolina Service Columbia University Bristol Meyers Squib [email protected] [email protected]

Caroline Robert Kathy Russell Jamie Schwarzbach Head of Dermatology Principal Marketing Manager Natera Gustave Roussy KR and Associates [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Richard Scolyer Gavin Robertson Yvonne Saenger Co-Medical Director Melanoma Institute Professor Assistant Professor Columbia University Australia Penn State College of Medicine [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Aditi Sahu Megan Sealey-Bright C. Daniela Robles-Espinoza Research Scholar Rosetrees Trust Assistant Professor Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center [email protected] National Autonomous University of [email protected] Mexico [email protected] Aleksandar Sekulic April Salama Assistant Professor, Dermatology Mayo Scott Rodig Associate Professor Clinic Dana-Farber Cancer Institute Duke University [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Eugene Semenov Mary Jo Rogers Instructor of Dermatology Massachusetts Board of Directors General Hospital/Harvard Medical School Melanoma Research Alliance [email protected]

Participants 37 Emilee Senkevitch Steven Silverstein Jeffrey Sosman Science Officer Chair Northwestern Medical CDMRP-Melanoma Research Program Melanoma Research Foundation [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Howard Soule Mark Shackleton Jonathan Simons Executive Vice President and Chief Professor Director Board of Directors Science Officer Alfred Health and Monash University Melanoma Research Alliance Prostate Cancer Foundation [email protected] [email protected] Anurag Singh Hunter Shain Assistant Professor Lavinia Spain Assistant Professor Boston University School of Medicine Visiting Scientist University of California San Francisco [email protected] The Francis Crick Institute [email protected] [email protected] Rohini Singh William Sharfman Clinical Director Merck & Co. Alan Spatz Director of Cutaneous Oncology [email protected] Professor/Director, Johns Hopkins University Division of Pathology McGill University [email protected] Craig Slingluff [email protected] Professor of Surgery; Director, Human Elad Sharon Immune Therapy Center Neil Spiegler Senior Investigator University of Virginia Executive Director National Cancer Institute [email protected] Peggy Spiegler Melanoma Research [email protected] Foundation Keiran Smalley [email protected] T.J. Sharpe Professor and Director Patient Engagement Program Manager H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Stefani Spranger Medidata Solutions Institute Assistant Professor [email protected] [email protected] Massachusetts Institute of Technology [email protected] Alexander Shoushtari Marisol Soengas Melanoma Medical Oncology Professor Elizabeth Stanton Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Spanish National Cancer Research Centre Board of Directors [email protected] [email protected] Melanoma Research Alliance

Benjamin Shum Jonathan Sokoloff David Stern The Francis Crick Institute Board of Directors Professor [email protected] Melanoma Research Alliance Yale School of Medicine [email protected] Victoria Siegel David Solit Professor Attending Physician, Genitourinary Edward Stites Mollie Biggane Melanoma Foundation Oncology Service Assistant Professor [email protected] Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center Salk Institute for Biological Studies [email protected] [email protected] Elliott Sigal Board of Directors Vernon Sondak Erica Stone Melanoma Research Alliance Chair of Cutaneous Oncology Department Vice President, Oncology GigaGen H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research [email protected] Mariana Silva Institute Postdoc [email protected] Ravid Straussman Brigham & Women’s Hospital Principal Investigator [email protected] Maria Sosa Weizmann institute Assistant Professor [email protected] Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai [email protected]

38 Participants Howard Streicher Hussein Tawbi Hensin Tsao National Institutes of Health Associate Professor Massachusetts General Hospital [email protected] University of Texas, [email protected] MD Anderson Cancer Center Ryan Sullivan [email protected] Samra Turajlic Assistant Professor Massachusetts Group Leader General Hospital Alessandro A.E. Testori The Francis Crick Institute [email protected] Surgical Chairman [email protected] Eeortc Melanoma Group Qi Sun [email protected] Chris Twitty New York University School of Medicine Chief Scientific Officer [email protected] Daniela Thommen OncoSec Medical Inc. Junior group leader [email protected] John Sunwoo The Netherlands Cancer Institute Edward C. and Amy H. Sewall Professor [email protected] Christina Twyman-Saint Victor Stanford University Clinical Trial Physician [email protected] Margaret Thompson Bristol Meyers Squib Medical Officer Alex Swarbrick US Food & Drug Administration Douglas Tyler Principal Research Fellow Chairman, Department of Surgery The Garvan Institute of Medical Research Reid Thompson University of Texas Medical Branch [email protected] Assistant Professor [email protected] Oregon Health & Science University Susan Swetter [email protected] Stephan Vagner Professor of Dermatology; Director, Lab head Institut Curie Pigmented Lesion and Melanoma Magdalena Thurin [email protected] Program Program Director Stanford University Medical Center and National Institutes of Health Manuel Valiente Cancer Institute [email protected] Junior Group Leader CNIO [email protected] [email protected] Roberto Tinoco Yuval Tabach Assistant Professor Joost van den Oord Senior lecturer University of California, Irvine Emeritus Professor The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical [email protected] University Hospitals KU Leuven School [email protected] Keith Tolley Remco van Doorn

Patient Advocate Leiden University Medical Center Prithviraj Talukdar [email protected] [email protected] Scientific Intern Melanoma Research Alliance Suzanne Topalian Navin Varadarajan Professor of Surgery and Oncology Professor Zhipeng Tao Johns Hopkins University School of University of Houston Massachusetts General Hospital Medicine [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Francisca Vazquez Davood Tashayyod Olivia Tournay Flatto Broad Institute Managing Director Executive Director [email protected] Lumo Imaging Pershing Square Sohn Cancer Research [email protected] Alliance [email protected] Olga Vera H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Janis Taube Jeffrey Trent Institute Director of Dermatopathology President and Research Director Johns Hopkins University Translational Genomics Research Institute Matthew Vesely [email protected] (Tgen) Assistant Professor Yale University [email protected]

Participants 39 Jessie Villanueva Maria Wei Colleen Wittoesch Associate Professor University of California San Francisco Patient Advocate The Wistar Institute [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Martin Weinstock Jedd Wolchok Rachel Vogel Brown University Chief, Melanoma & Immunotherapeutics Assistant Professor [email protected] Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center University of Minnesota [email protected] [email protected] Forest White Professor James Wooldridge Kristiina Vuori Massachusetts Institute of Technology Administrative Assistant President [email protected] Checkmate Pharmaceuticals Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical [email protected] Discovery Institute Richard White Assistant Member Catherine Wu Lindsey Wahlstrom-Edwards Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center Professor of Medicine Head of Partnerships Antidote [email protected] Dana-Farber Cancer Institute [email protected] Michael Wichman Xu Wu Lixin Wan Vice President Associate Professor H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Anreder & Company Massachusetts General Hospital Research Institute [email protected] [email protected] [email protected] Ifor Williams Kai Wucherpfennig Meng Wang Editor Chair of Dept of Cancer Immunology & University of California, San Francisco Science Immunology Virology [email protected] [email protected] Dana-Farber Cancer Institute [email protected] Yujue Wang James Wilmott [email protected] Senior Scientist Qin Yan The University of Sydney Associate Professor Jennifer Wargo [email protected] Yale University Professor [email protected] University of Texas, Brittany Wilson MD Anderson Cancer Center COO Betina Yanez [email protected] Helms Hope Foundation Associate Professor [email protected] Northwestern University Feinberg School Ian Watson of Medicine Assistant Professor Jesse Wilson [email protected] McGill University Assistant Professor [email protected] Colorado State University Lixing Yang [email protected] Assistant Professor David Weber University of Chicago VP Strategic Collaborations John Wilson [email protected] Caris Life Sciences Assistant Professor Vanderbilt University [email protected] [email protected] Iwei Yeh Associate Professor Jeffrey Weber Melissa Wilson University of California, San Francisco Professor of Medicine Associate Professor of Medicine [email protected] NYU Langone Medical Center Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center — Thomas Jefferson University Vashisht Yennu-Nanda Ashani Weeraratna [email protected] Assistant Professor Chair and Professor Johns Hopkins University of Texas, MD Anderson University Marten Winge Cancer Center [email protected] Stanford University [email protected] [email protected]

40 Participants Alexia-Ileana Zaromytidou Yuhang Zhang Robin Zimmerman Chief Editor Associate Professor Committee member Nature Cancer University of Cincinnati OHSU [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Hassane Zarour Bin Zheng Jonathan Zippin Professor Associate Professor Associate Professor University of Pittsburgh Massachusetts General Hospital Weill Cornell Medical College [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Mary Zawadzki Pan Zheng Leonard Zon Patient Care Specialist Chief Medical Officer Director, Stem Cell Program Melanoma Network of Canada OncoC4, Inc. Boston Children’s Hospital [email protected] [email protected] [email protected]

Bin Zhang Li Zhou Professor Associate Scientist Northwestern University Henry Ford Heath System [email protected] [email protected]

Thank you to all who attended, presented, and participated in the 2021 MRA Scientific Retreat.

Participants 41 MRA 2021 Scientific Retreat Sponsors

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