Which of the 613 Laws Apply to Me?
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The Crucifiable Jesus
The Crucifiable Jesus Steven Brian Pounds Peterhouse Faculty of Divinity University of Cambridge This dissertation is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy February 2019 This thesis is the result of my own work and includes nothing which is the outcome of work done in collaboration except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. It is not substantially the same as any that I have submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for a degree or diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. I further state that no substantial part of my thesis has already been submitted, or, is being concurrently submitted for any such degree, diploma or other qualification at the University of Cambridge or any other University or similar institution except as declared in the Preface and specified in the text. It does not exceed the prescribed word limit for the relevant Degree Committee Steven Brian Pounds “The Crucifiable Jesus” Abstract: In recent decades, scholars have both used Jesus’ crucifixion as a criterion of historicity and employed the rhetoric of a “crucifiable Jesus”– suggesting that some historical reconstructions of Jesus more plausibly explain his crucifixion than others. This dissertation tests the grounds of these proposals, whilst offering its own reconstruction of a crucifiable Jesus. It first investigates primary source depictions of Roman crucifixion and focuses upon the offences for which crucifixions were carried out. As a first level conclusion, it determines that, in a formal sense, a bare appeal to crucifiability or to a criterion of crucifixion does not yield what it purports to deliver because a wide range of offences were punishable by crucifixion. -
Revolving Beast: Identifying the Animal in Post-Revolutionary Russian Literature
Revolving Beast: Identifying the Animal in post-Revolutionary Russian Literature by Eric D. Ford A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (Slavic Languages and Literatures) in the University of Michigan 2016 Doctoral Committee: Associate Professor Sofya Khagi, Chair Associate Professor Herbert J. Eagle Professor Peggy S. McCracken Assistant Professor Benjamin B. Paloff In memory of my brother Jason Ford (1970 - 2012) ii Acknowledgments This dissertation would not have been written without the support and encouragement of several people at the University of Michigan. I am especially indebted to two individuals: Herb Eagle, who served admirably as chair of the Slavic Department for the majority of my time at the university, and who gave invaluable help and advice during some particularly trying times; and Sofya Khagi, my advisor, with whom I have had the great pleasure of working over the past several years. She has been a wonderful mentor, colleague, and friend. I am deeply grateful to my other committee members, Peggy McCracken and Benjamin Paloff, who read my dissertation carefully and provided very helpful criticism and suggestions. I would also like to thank the talented and dedicated faculty of the Slavic department with whom I’ve worked as student and colleague: Olga Maiorova, Mikhail Krutikov, Tatjana Aleksić, Jindrich Toman, Svitlana Rogovyk, Nina Shkolnik, Natalia Kondrashova, Eugene Bondarenko, and Omry Ronen. Thanks also to the many fellow graduate students I’ve had the pleasure of knowing and working with: Aleksandar Bošković, Vlad Beronja, Yana Arnold, Jessica Zychowicz, Renee Scherer, Adam Kolkman, Sarah Sutter, Jodi Grieg, Marin Turk, Jamie Parsons, Olga Greco, Paulina Duda, Haley Laurila, Jason Wagner, and Grace Mahoney. -
Tzedakah As the Defining Social Marker of Jewish Identity
Tzedakah as the Defining Social Marker of Jewish Identity A. The Test of a True Jew: Check the Pocketbook B. Maimonides: Appealing to Jewish Genes – The Perfect “Pitch” “[God] has told you, human being, what is good and what Adonai requires of you: Nothing but to do justice (mishpat), to love kindness (hesed), and to walk humbly with your God.” (Micah 6:8) הִ גִיד לְָך ָאדָ ם מַ ה-ּטוֹב ּומָ ה-יְהוָה ּדוֹרֵ ׁש מִמְ ָך כִ י אִ ם- עֲׂשוֹתמִׁשְ טפָ וְַאהֲבַת חֶסֶ ד וְהַצְ נֵעַ לֶכֶת עִ ם- אֱֹלהֶ יָך. Noam Zion, Hartman Institute, [email protected] – excerpted form from Jewish Giving in Comparative Perspectives: History and Story, Law and Theology, Anthropology and Psychology. Book One: From Each According to One’s Ability: Duties to Poor People from the Bible to the Welfare State and Tikkun Olam Previous Books: A DIFFERENT NIGHT: The Family Participation Haggadah By Noam Zion and David Dishon LEADER'S GUIDE to "A DIFFERENT NIGHT" By Noam Zion and David Dishon A DIFFERENT LIGHT: Hanukkah Seder and Anthology including Profiles in Contemporary Jewish Courage By Noam Zion A Day Apart: Shabbat at Home By Noam Zion and Shawn Fields-Meyer A Night to Remember: Haggadah of Contemporary Voices Mishael and Noam Zion www.haggadahsrus.com 1 Our teachers have said: "If all troubles were assembled on one side and poverty on the other, poverty would outweigh them all." - Midrash Shemot Rabbah 31:14 "The sea of a mighty population, held in galling fetters, heaves uneasily in the tenements.... The gap between the classes in which it surges, unseen, unsuspected by the thoughtless, is widening day by day. -
The Tradition of Pig Hunting in the Minangkabau Community
Opción, Año 35, Especial No.21 (2019): 1378-1393 ISSN 1012-1587/ISSNe: 2477-9385 The tradition of pig hunting in the Minangkabau community Zainuddin Zainuddin1 1Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Batusangkar, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia [email protected] Zulkifli2 2Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Batusangkar, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia [email protected] Muhammad Kristiawan3* 3Universitas Bengkulu, Indonesia [email protected] Abstract This study investigated the tradition of hunting pigs in Minangkabau, Indonesia. The data were collected through interviews with pig hunting participants and through observation at several hunting locations. It was found that the Minangkabau community, especially pig hunters, did not feel the tradition of hunting pigs was in conflict with the religious Shari'a that they believed. In conclusion, in today’s world, interpretations of religions are no longer isolated, local, and more or less single; rather, many angles of interpretation exist side by side and are accessible to all. Keywords: Tradition, Hunting, Pig, Society, Minangkabau. La tradición de la caza de cerdos en la comunidad de Minangkabau Resumen Este estudio investigó la tradición de la caza de cerdos en Minangkabau, Indonesia. Los datos se recopilaron a través de Recibido: 10-03-2019 Aceptado: 15-04-2019 1379 Zainuddin Zainuddin et al. Opción, Año 35, Especial No.21 (2019): 1378-1393 entrevistas con participantes de la caza de cerdos y mediante observación en varios lugares de caza. Se descubrió que la comunidad de Minangkabau, especialmente los cazadores de cerdos, no creía que la tradición de cazar cerdos estuviera en conflicto con la religiosa sharia que ellos creían. -
Triage: Setting Tzedakah Priorities in a World of Scarcity
Triage: Setting Tzedakah Priorities in a World of Scarcity Noam Zion Hartman Institute in Jerusalem, Israel The Principle of Scarcity versus Faith in God Gender Discrimination: Comparative Shame and Relative Vulnerability Lfi kevdo – “According to one's Individualized Social Status or Honor” – excerpted from: Jewish Giving in Comparative Perspectives: History and Story, Law and Theology, Anthropology and Psychology Book Two: To Each according to one’s Social Needs: The Dignity of the Needy from Talmudic Tzedakah to Human Rights Previous Books: A DIFFERENT NIGHT: The Family Participation Haggadah By Noam Zion and David Dishon LEADER'S GUIDE to "A DIFFERENT NIGHT" By Noam Zion and David Dishon A DIFFERENT LIGHT: Hanukkah Seder and Anthology including Profiles in Contemporary Jewish Courage By Noam Zion A Day Apart: Shabbat at Home By Noam Zion and Shawn Fields-Meyer A Night to Remember: Haggadah of Contemporary Voices Mishael and Noam Zion [email protected] www.haggadahsrus.com 1 Triage: Setting Priorities (TB Ketubot 67a-b) Definition: tri·age Etymology: French, sorting, sifting, from trier to sort, from Old French — 1 a: the sorting of and allocation of treatment to patients and especially battle and disaster victims according to a system of priorities designed to maximize the number of survivors 1b: the sorting of patients (as in an emergency room) according to the urgency of their need for care 2: the assigning of priority order to projects on the basis of where funds and other resources can be best used, are most needed, or are most likely to achieve success. IF AN ORPHAN IS GIVEN IN MARRIAGE SHE MUST BE GIVEN NOT LESS THAN FIFTY ZUZ. -
Shabbos Hagadol Drasha 5777
The Moral Challenge of Our Most Expensive Holiday Rabbi Ariel Rackovsky Shabbos HaGadol 5777 Once again and as usual, I am indebted to my dear friend Rabbi Ben Skydell of Congregation Orach Chaim of Manhattan’s Upper East Side. Rabbi Skydell and I have been preparing Shabbat Hagadol and Shabbat Shuva Derashot together for several years now; he always does the lion’s share of the work and his incisive readings and excellent research always help refine and expand our ideas. May we go from strength to strength! I also want to acknowledge my parents, for whom this is the first time hearing me deliver a Shabbos HaGadol Derasha. I look forward to many more opportunities in the future to share Torah with you, in their presence. Two simple words. The headstone of the great Rav Chaim Soloveitchik says nothing about his illustrious career as Rosh Yeshiva in the Volozhin Yeshiva, as the author of a remarkable work on the Rambam or as the originator of a brand new analytical system of Talmud study. Instead, his epitaph pays tribute to a man who was known as much for his personal refinement and elevated character as he was for his brilliant mind. The two words are Rav Chessed- a pun, as it can be translated both as “a man of great kindness” or “A Rabbi of kindness.” An example of both Rav Chaim’s brilliance and compassion can be found in the story of a woman who came to him before Pesach with a halachic question. Is it permissible, she asked, to use milk instead of wine for 1 the four cups at the Seder? Rav Chaim explained to her that it is not; it is a biblical obligation to drink four cups of wine at the Seder, interspersed at strategic intervals throughout the journey of the Haggadah. -
Newsletter-Shvat-2014-3.Pdf
January 31, 2014 From The Dean’s Desk Volume 4, Issue 4 Rabbi Deutscher The Gemara Sanhedrin (94: B) states that when Yitro Dean came to visit Moshe Rabbeinu and the Jewish nation Mrs.Klein in the desert, he was full of happiness. In the desert, Principal Dr. Douglas Yitro heard about all the miracles Hashem preformed Assistant Principal for the Jews like the splitting of the sea and the Rebbe Benmordechai complete destruction of the Egyptians. Yitro was the Chief Editor first one to proclaim the words BARUCH HASHEM Contents From The Dean’s Desk……………….1 (Blessed Are You G-D) for saving us from the Principal’s News………………………..2 Egyptians. This seems very strange that Moshe Assistant Principal’s News ……....3 Dvar Torah on the Parsha……….4,5 Rabbeinu and the Jewish nation did not proclaim Kindergarten News………………….….6 A3 Hebrew News ……………………...7 BARUCH HASHEM. Weren’t they the ones whom were First Grade English News………....8 BYJ Hebrew News……………………...9 saved from the sea and the army of Pharoh? Weren’t Second Grade English News…...10 the Jews the ones who composed and sang AZ Mechina Class…………………………..11 Intermediate A………………………...12 YASHIR MOSHE (the song of the sea), which was more Third Grade English…………………..13 Intermediate B………………………...14 detailed in its praise and heartfelt thanks to Hashem? Fourth Grade English ………….15,16 Intermediate F …………………….….17 The answer lies in one word, YOU. The miracles did Fifth Grade English …………...….18 not actually happen to Yitro himself. The way he heard Intermediate G……………………....19 Sixth Grade………………………..20,21 about the miracles was from Moshe and the Jewish Seventh Grade...……………...…22,23 Gym Class / PE………………….………24 nation. -
Pig Taboos in the Ancient Near East
International Journal of Humanities and Social Science Vol. 4, No. 13; November 2014 Pig Taboos in the Ancient near East Koot van Wyk* Abstract The cardinal study on the topic of pig eating in the Ancient Near East, is the work of Billie Jean Collins (2006). She focused basically on the issue as it relates to the Hittite cuneiform texts but did also probe sideways to other nations and the Bible, albeit minor comments. This study wishes to stand on the shoulders of Collins, adjusting some statements, adding other aspects from Archaeological sites and Gerhard Hasel’s explanation of Clean and Unclean in Leviticus 11. What was found in this presentation, is that chronology as backbone in the Scriptures, if taken seriously, could explain the presence or absence of pig eating practices also among the Hittites and Egyptians (the New Kingdom). This research has investigated Collins’ contribution of Hittites and Pig Consumption, Pigs in Hittite archaeology, Pigs in Egypt, Pigs in Mesopotamia, Pigs in Zoo-archaeology at Hesban in Transjordan, Pigs at Sites in Canaan, Pigs as Offerings in Hittite Rituals, Pig Taboo Rules in the Ancient Near East, Pigs as Medical Use in Mesopotamia, Pig Taboo in the Old Testament by Ackerman (1992) and Collins (2006), Pig Taboo among Later Greeks, Pig Taboo in the Old Testament by Gerhard Hasel (1991, 1994). Whereas the other Nations around Israel display an S-curve or down-trend and up-trend in the appearance and disappearance of evidence for the taboo against pig-eating, among the Israelites it was a straight line unchanged. -
613-Laws-2.Pdf
Yahweh’s 613 Laws Deuteronomy 6:25 And it will be OUR RIGHTEOUSNESS if we observe to do all of these Laws before Yahweh our Father, as He has commanded us. Yahweh’s 613 Laws A Reference Guide Copyright © 1997, 2003 by Yisrayl Hawkins All Rights Reserved Published by The House of Yahweh The Pillar and Ground of the Truth. I Timothy 3:15 P.O. Box 2498, Abilene, Texas 79604 325-893-5899 · 325-672-5420 USA: 1-800-613-9494 [email protected] · www.yahweh.com Publishers of The Prophetic Word Magazine, Bringing News in Advance! A HOUSE OF YAHWEH®TM Publication The Book of Yahweh, The Holy Scriptures published by The House of Yahweh used throughout, unless otherwise indicated Deuteronomy 32:47 These are not just idle words for you—these Laws mean Life to you... Yahweh’s 613 Laws A Reference Guide The 248 Positive Commandments The Worship Of Yahweh 8 Walk in Yahweh’s Ways. .Deuteronomy 28:9— 1 Believe in Yahweh hwhy as the Only Source of Yahweh will establish you as His holy people unto Himself, as Power in the Universe. He promised you on oath, if you will keep the Laws of Yahweh .Exodus 20:2— your Father, and WALK IN ALL HIS WAYS. I AM YAHWEH your Heavenly Father Who brought you out of See also: Gen 17:1 Deut 26:17 the land of Egypt, out of the house of bondage. 9 Sanctify Yahweh’s Name. See also: Gen 1:1 Ex 3:13-15 Deut 32:39 Isa 42:8 Isa 45:5 .Leviticus 22:32— You shall not profane My Holy Name, but I WILL BE 2 Submit to Yahweh as the Supreme Head, to be in HALLOWED AMONG THE CHILDREN OF ISRAYL. -
A Study of the Biblical Basis for Tithing
Digital Commons @ George Fox University Western Evangelical Seminary Theses Western Evangelical Seminary 5-1957 A Study of the Biblical Basis for Tithing John W. Anderson Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.georgefox.edu/wes_theses Part of the Christianity Commons APPROVED BY Major Professor: Co-operative Reader: Professor of Thesis Form: A STUDY OF THE BIBLICAL BASIS FOR TITHING by John W. Anderson A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of the Western Evangelical Seminary In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Bachelor of Divinity Portland 22, Oregon May, 1957 TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER PAGE I. INTRODUC'riON 1 The Problem 1 Justification of the Study • • 1 Sources of Data 1 Basic Assumptions 2 Limitations of the Study . 2 Definitions . 2 Statement of Organization 3 II. TITHING PRIOR TO THE GIVING OF THE LAW 4 Offerings of Cain and Abel • 4 Abram . 5 Jacob . .. 7 The Law of the Nations 8 Summary 9 III. TITHING DURING THE PERIOD OF 'rHE LAW 10 Mosaic References to Tithing • 10 Leviticus 10 Numbers • o • • • • • • e 11 Deuteronomy 12 Comparisons of the Jl1osaic References • 15 Later Old •restament References • 16 Amos • . 17 Second Chronicles . 17 Nehemiah • . 19 Malachi • 20 Summary • 21 Extra-Biblical References • 21 Apocrypha • 21 Talmud • 22 Some Teachings on Tithing During the Period of the Law • 23 Tithing and Worship • 23 The Method of Paying Tithes 24 Uses of the Tithes 25 Tithing and God's Promises 26 Summary • . ..: 28 IV. TITHING IN THE NEW TESTAMENT 29 Jesus and the Tithe 30 Teachings by Jesus 30 Jesus and Stewardship • 32 Jesus and the Law • 34 Paul and Tithing 35 The Epistle to the Hebrews 37 Summary • • 39 V. -
26B Nedorim 45B-91B
NEDORIM – 45b-91b 26b The Soncino Babylonian Talmud NNEEDDAARRIIMM Book II Folios 45b-91b CHAPTERS V-XI TRANSLATED INTO ENGLISH WITH NOTES B Y R A B B I D R . H. FREEDMAN, B.A., Ph.D. UNDER THE EDITORSHIP OF R A B B I D R I. EPSTEIN B.A., Ph.D., D. Lit. Reformatted by Reuven Brauner, Raanana 5772 www.613etc.com 1 NEDORIM – 45b-91b THIS FIELD,' AND [THE OWNER] DIES OR SELLS IT TO ANOTHER, HE IS FORBIDDEN. Nedarim 45b GEMARA . The scholars propounded: They CHAPTER V differ when they interdicted themselves by vow. But what if each imposed a vow upon the MISHNAH . IF [TWO] JOINT OWNERS MADE A other? Do we say, they differ [only] in the VOW NOT TO BENEFIT FROM ONE former case, but that in the latter the Rabbis ANOTHER, THEY MAY NOT ENTER THE agree with R. Eliezer b. Jacob, since they are COURTYARD. 1 R. ELIEZER B. JACOB SAID: involuntarily prohibited; 3 or perhaps the EACH ENTERS INTO HIS OWN. 2 Rabbis dispute even in the latter case? 4 Come and hear: IF [ONLY] ONE WAS 1. Which belongs to both. FORBIDDEN BY VOW5 TO BENEFIT 2. He maintains that it is as though it had been FROM THE OTHER … and the Rabbis stipulated when jointly acquiring the property, dispute it! — Learn, forbade himself from his that it should belong to each partner separately 6 for his entering therein. Consequently, when he neighbor. This is logical too, for the second enters, he is not benefiting from the other. -
Islam and Animal Welfare (A Compilation of Religious Views)
Islam and Animal Welfare (A compilation of religious views) Published on the occasion of 2015 Compiled by: Dr.Miftahul Islam Barbaruah Published under project: Animal welfare through the lenses of religious faiths in India Vet Helpline India Pvt. Ltd. (4th October ’2015) 1 CONTENTS 1. Rationale .................................................................................................................................................................. 4 2. Understanding animal welfare and its importance ............................................................................... 4 3. Islam on prevention of cruelty to animals ................................................................................................. 6 4. Animal sacrifice and Islam ............................................................................................................................ 10 5. Islam on dogs ...................................................................................................................................................... 11 6. Islam on pigs ....................................................................................................................................................... 11 7. Islam on blood sport ........................................................................................................................................ 11 8. Islam on use of animals in research and war ........................................................................................ 12 9. Islam on slaughter