RACTICAL INFORMATION in ART, Sqence, MECHANICS, AGRICULTURE, CHEMISTRY, and MANUFACTURES

JOUHNAL A OF PRACTICAL INFORMATION IN ART, SqENCE, MECHANICS, AGRICULTURE, CHEMISTRY, AND MANUFACTURES. -----,,-, ___-"_�-==� ____ � ___ �__ -=-cccc,==-='==-=='==�===c=�-==='=----'c - ccc==' �_cc-::-_"__ -=,=======c====-= _=_====cc=--- - VO L __� _________� __ . __________ __ � � � __ ____________ � � __ �______ ___�_ ___ _ =�� :!� NEW � �K,J"("J_��_�_�5 9. NEW SERIES. to :�E-�::::�£=��::��:��=;;;r:!:�;:��::.�;l:-�t�� :�:::�;I:;::;:��::;,�:: her hold her course, for the rndder is knocked hither country can make their own wine. I am satisfied that mediately, without the assistance of yeast or any other . and thither, and to keep it steady it requires two or almost every well farmer, as as a great many persons who ingredient. The liquid should be occasionally stirred, more seamen at the wheel, who have to hold on with all are not farmers, can make a plentiful supply of good wine and the seeds and skins, most of which will rise to the their might during the whole time they are all duty. for their own use this coming summer, at a trifling ex- surface, should be skimmed off. At the end of twenty- To facilitate the steering, therefore, and to hold the pense, if they will an make effort to do so, from the com- four hours the juice s]-lPuld be run into a cask. Whatever rudder in the position in which it is placed, D. Wil- mon blackberry. J. remains of the seeds and skins may be strained through coxson of Milan, Erie county, Ohio, has invented the Some persons who have heretofore tested the sweetened When ' a cloth. the cask is filled, it should be placed in a subject f our illustration, and patented it Sept. 20, composition which has been � offered them by old ladies, cellar or some cool place with the bung-hole open. Some 1858. The whole is placed in a frame, A, which is under the name of blackberry, will perhaps smile at this of the juice should be kept in a convenient vessel, that it laced npon the in close proximity to the rudder- suggestion, but if they will take the p deck trouble to make an may be added every day to the liquid in the cask, to keep head; the frame, two screws, G, are placed, experiment or two manner am in A, in the I about to relate, the cask constantly full, so as to allow the scum raised carrving on their ends the by fermentation to pass off. cog-�heels, and C', to the' C When the fermentation has shaft of C, and its screw, G, progressed sufficiently, which outside the frame, is secured _ will be in a week or ten days, wheel, by which the' B, the the cask may be up bunged turned and the rud- screws are al- tight and treated as other wine. operated; the screws, del' is Common brown sugar of threads run the though their in Cair quality will answer very same direction, have opposite well. The quantity of sugar moved the motions by being by should be graduated according cog-wheel from the wheel C. C' to the body which it is desired 'l\vo nutg, I, slide on the ways, to impart to the wine. I _ screws, pass 'h !ll),� G, have now some wine, made in t'lil-Qugh ·tli:em,tJt2 so. at as th the this ,�a.y last sl1mmer,il1five- the blocks screws are rotated gallon demijohns, with 2 Ibs. are moved forward or back; of sugnr to the gallon, and that is to as one IS moving say, which has never been bottled, at forwar(l the other is moving but used as it was required a e a a corresponding r t to cor- froi the demijohn, which is ba n responding diseance ck Be- from up. entirely free acidity, and the comes the tween screws wine at- is really an excellent of rudder-head, to which is a good body and flavor. Not the taehed two double arms, D, HIe-6llolic spirits or drop of the othe one below the screws, r anything whatever has been above them; arms, the D, arc added to it after the process slotted, and a pin, E, passes "bove mentioned. throngh the sl9ts and through wine, made I had some other the blocks, Ccarrying on it fric with-a in the same way, but tion-wheels, F, which move ill which less quantity of sugar, the slots. resembled claret; but strongly From this description it will WllS much better than any of be seen that from the wheel claret to the ordinary French very great power can be exert be obtained in this country. ed rudder, on the and that probable that, I think it very without much being expended by varying the process-add on the wheel, as every possible ing more or less boiling water, care is taken to avoid friction, �-- and permitting the fermenta and to render the 'device casy tion to progress for a longer or wor4,ing in all its parts. If th � shorter period�wine of vari- rudder is not operated from WILCOXSON'S STEERING APPARATUS. the wheel ous qualities may be obtained. it cannot be moved; :From each gallon of �erries the winds may blow and the billows roar, but if the ruddel' they will find that wine can be made from blaekberries ; treated in the above way, about one gallon of wine is strong enough, a ship can be made to hold!her all is own and that while we have been searching over the world through obtained. The cost of gathering the berries will not the most tempestuous seas. for grapes that can be naturalized, with the view to p -of su average more than ten cents, and the cost the By F, ply ourselves withdrawing the pins, E, and friction-rollers, a with that very desirable beverage, '} fruit sugar will be from eight to sixteen cents, according tiller, plentifully can be added, and the ship steeretl which grows at our own doors, and which quality Here then is wine that will not II, by the com is to the used. mon method. the As rudder admirably adapted for that purpose, has been entirely is moved from above and cost more than twenty-five cents to the gallon, and - below screws, alwaysthe and the pulling aud pushing pressures overlooked. in the country where the children will pick most of are equal, there is no likelihood of any part' When the berries are ripe they should be rubbed be the berries, tl;e real outlay will not be more than from binding or wearing out prematurely. For large ships or tween the hands or with a wooden masher ill some eight to sixteen cents. What, then, is to prevent the steamboats, which perform voyages on rough seas vessel, cells from having their own table wine, and or suitable until the coutaining the juice are farmers oceans, will this be a great boon. Nautical men and thoroughly broken. They should then be placed in a plenty at it? That the juice of the blackberry con others interested in the iuvention can obtain further tub-one that is deep and of not very great diameter is tains all the essential requisites for making a good wine, particulars either by addressing the inventor, or h is probably the most suitable-and to each gallon of berries is absolutely certain. That a very ·superior wine may brother, R. Wilco;'son, J. No. 175 First-avemw, N ew add from one to two pounds of sugar. After mixing the be made from' it by proper treatment, is quite pro York. Try it. berrie� and the sqgar, add for each gallon of berries one bable. © 1859 SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN, INC 18 THE SCIENTIFIC AMERICAN A RAILROAD UNDER GOVERNMENT MAN upon even such humble positions as stoker, ticket-taker, defending a position in the most desperate hand to hand AGEMENT. or porter, must be able to tell the names of the Kings and encounter. Of all the troops that I have ever seen, I sad remains of the Direct Turning my back upon the Queens of England, give a scientific analysis of coal (in should esteem it the greatest honor to assist in defeating Burygold Railway, I proceed at once to the rival Great cluding the chemistry of coke) and of the theory of the Zouaves. The Grenadiers of the Guard are all large Deadlock line, which has now been taken under the perma combustion, and must show some respectable knowledge men, and a fine-looking, soldierly set. nent management of gOTernment. Here at least is life, of conic sections, trigonometry, and the use of the theo The Voltigeurs are small, active men, but larger than if not activity; and the· great terminus looks very differ dolite. The principal appointmtlnts are numerous, vari the Rifles. They are light infantry. ent to what it did when it was simply a public joint-stock ed, and complete. There are fourteen Gentlcmen U sh _ .. -- nndertaking. The familiar policemen and guards are all ers of'the Great Board Room, and one Assistant Usher; CLEAN AND DIRTY FIRE-ARMS. gone, and in their places are many fat porters in leathern eight Grooms of the General Manager's Office, and onc It may be interesting to non-military meu to learn chairs, and messengers in rather gaudy liveries. The Assistant Groom; fourteen Pages of the Locomotive something of the effects of clean fire-arms in the hands of . chief booking-of!ice, once all bustle and energy, is now as Department, and one Assistant Page; one hundred and fresh, or of dirty arms in the hands of wearied soldiers, calm and full of dignity as a rich Clapham conventicle.

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