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Piattaforme Di Sviluppo Per Applicazioni Web a Livello Enterprise: Analisi Comparativa E Considerazioni Economico-Organizzative

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Piattaforme Di Sviluppo Per Applicazioni Web a Livello Enterprise: Analisi Comparativa E Considerazioni Economico-Organizzative POLITECNICO DI TORINO IV Facoltà di Ingegneria Corso di Laurea in Ingegneria Gestionale, ICT Management Tesi di Laurea Specialistica Piattaforme di sviluppo per applicazioni Web a livello Enterprise: analisi comparativa e considerazioni economico-organizzative Scenari per l'avvio di una business line in Cefin Systems Relatori: Prof. Fulvio Corno Prof. Carlo Cambini Candidato: Carlo BERGOGLIO Marzo 2010 Sommario Sommario Il presente elaborato si pone l’obiettivo di illustrare lo scenario attuale e le tendenze del settore SaaS (Software-as-a-Service), proponendo la valutazione di alcune piattaforme Web in ottica tecnologica, funzionale ed economica. A tal proposito, si ringrazia l’azienda Cefin Systems Italia, che ha consenti- to al candidato di svolgere durante lo stage gran parte delle attività di ricerca ed analisi. Il progetto sviluppato deriva da specifiche esigenze dell’azienda, che desiderava valutare l’opportunità di creare una nuova linea di business dedicata allo sviluppo di applicazioni Web perso- nalizzate ed erogate totalmente in modalità SaaS. L’incarico si è articolato in due diverse aree, la prima legata ad argomenti propriamente tecnologici, rivolti all’analisi, alla sperimentazione e alla scelta delle soluzioni informatiche più idonee, mentre la seconda è consistita nella redazione di un business case, con l’obiettivo di valutare la convenienza dell’investimento e le sue caratteristiche. Al momento, il background di Cefin Systems risultava focalizzato sulla fornitura di servizi per la ge- stione di flotte di veicoli (fleet management) attraverso supporti informatici, telematici e satellitari con il prodotto Sateltrack, già erogato in modalità SaaS. A questo si affiancavano altri servizi, quali con- sulenze in ambito IT, analisi di processo, analisi di fattibilità e progettazione architetturale del softwa- re, mentre lo sviluppo di codice e il debugging veniva abitualmente demandato ad una società terza (Krescendo Ltd). L’azienda risultava pertanto interessata a valutare l’appetibilità del mercato del sof- tware Web-based, offrendo applicazioni B2B (Business-to-Business) personalizzate e "chiavi in ma- no", erogate completamente secondo il modello SaaS, sul quale il personale disponeva già di ottime competenze. Questo significava individuare le tecnologie informatiche più idonee, le eventuali strate- gie di collaborazione con aziende partner (in particolare, la società Krescendo possedeva già una piattaforma di questo tipo, estremamente flessibile e ben conosciuta a livello funzionale da Cefin Systems) e la definizione delle risorse da impiegare. L’ouput finale avrebbe supportato il management aziendale nella decisione, offrendo un giudizio sulla convenienza all’investimento e le informazioni tecniche e gestionali utili alla definizione del progetto esecutivo. I Ringraziamenti Ringraziamenti Il candidato desidera ringraziare tutto il team Cefin Systems, in particolare Davide Cattai, che ha permesso l’ideazione e lo sviluppo del presente elaborato oltre che il conseguimento di un’esperienza interessante, valorizzata dalla fiducia e dall’elevata libertà di iniziativa concessa, non comune in molti stage aziendali. Ulteriori riconoscimenti sono rivolti all’azienda londinese Krescendo, in particolare al team di eXtraSheet, che ha fornito supporto ed informazioni di carattere tecnico, di- stinguendosi per competenza e disponibilità. Si ringrazia inoltre l’Ateneo, che è stato un riferimento importante in questi cinque anni, con particola- re riguardo a tutti i colleghi di studio e ai relatori del presente elaborato, Prof. Corno e Prof. Cambini, che hanno seguito con disponibilità e professionalità il candidato. Sentiti ringraziamenti sono rivolti alla famiglia, che ha supportato il candidato durante il percorso di studi, fornendo collaborazione e suggerimenti estremamente preziosi. Il candidato dedica il presente elaborato al nonno, Carlo Navone, recentemente scomparso. II Indice Indice SOMMARIO ................................................................................................................... I RINGRAZIAMENTI ......................................................................................................... II INDICE ........................................................................................................................ III ELENCO DELLE TABELLE ........................................................................................... VII ELENCO DELLE FIGURE ............................................................................................... IX 1 INTRODUZIONE ...................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Contesto generale.................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Il modello SaaS (Software-as-a-Service) ............................................................... 2 1.3 Le piattaforme di sviluppo ...................................................................................... 4 1.4 Obiettivi della tesi ................................................................................................... 6 2 GLI OBIETTIVI DEL PROGETTO ................................................................................. 8 2.1 L’azienda Cefin Systems Italia ............................................................................... 8 2.1.1 Presentazione generale ................................................................................................ 8 2.1.2 Il mercato di riferimento ............................................................................................... 10 2.1.3 Sateltrack ..................................................................................................................... 10 2.1.4 SaaS e Cefin Systems ................................................................................................ 15 2.2 I contenuti ............................................................................................................ 16 2.3 L’ambito applicativo ............................................................................................. 17 2.4 La piattaforma ...................................................................................................... 18 3 EXTRASHEET ...................................................................................................... 19 3.1 Panoramica di Krescendo Ltd .............................................................................. 19 3.2 Introduzione ad eXtraSheet ................................................................................. 20 3.2.1 La storia ....................................................................................................................... 20 3.2.2 Le funzionalità applicative standard ............................................................................ 21 3.2.3 L’evoluzione di eXtraSheet .......................................................................................... 23 3.3 Sviluppi e tendenze .............................................................................................. 24 3.4 Architettura Software ........................................................................................... 25 3.4.1 La piattaforma J2EE .................................................................................................... 25 3.4.2 MySQL RDBMS ........................................................................................................... 30 III Indice 3.4.3 Componenti e librerie Java .......................................................................................... 31 3.4.4 Resin Application Server ............................................................................................. 36 3.4.5 Client side Javascript................................................................................................... 37 3.5 Configurazione Hardware .................................................................................... 38 3.6 Processi di sviluppo e hosting .............................................................................. 39 4 LE ALTERNATIVE AD EXTRASHEET ........................................................................ 42 4.1 Commerciali ......................................................................................................... 42 4.1.1 DabbleDB .................................................................................................................... 42 4.2 Open source basati analoga tecnologia ............................................................... 45 4.2.1 WaveMaker ................................................................................................................. 45 4.2.2 Apache Click ................................................................................................................ 47 4.2.3 OpenXava .................................................................................................................... 47 4.3 Open source basati su tecnologie differenti ......................................................... 49 4.3.1 Xataface ...................................................................................................................... 49 4.3.2 VFront .......................................................................................................................... 50 5 CASI DI STUDIO .................................................................................................... 52 5.1 Applicazione standard di Data
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