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Books Health Management in Aquaculture

2001 Health Management in Aquaculture: Index

Aquaculture Department, Southeast Asian Fisheries Development Center

http://hdl.handle.net/10862/735

Downloaded from http://repository.seafdec.org.ph, SEAFDEC/AQD's Institutional Repository INDEX

Alexandrium, 164, 168 Aphanizomenon fros-aqua, 167 A. catenella, 164 Aphanomyces invadans, 46-47 A. cohorticula, 164 Aphanomyces, 45, 46 A. fraterculus, 164 aquareovirus, 13 A. fundyense, 164 Argulus, 63 A. minutum, 164 aromatic hydrocarbons, 123 A. tamarense, 164 Ascomycetes, 49 Acanthocephalus, 63 Aspergillus flavus, 51 Acetes spp., 17 asphyxia, 171 Achlya, 44, 45 asphyxiation/hypoxia, 78 Acid Sulfate Disease Syndrome, 79 Atlantic halibut, 14 acidosis, 79 autoagglutinate, 139 Acineta, 67 ayu, 28, 33 acute phase proteins, 113 bacterial, 25, 131 adaptive stage, 3 bacili, 26 Aeromonas, 36 diseases, 25 A. caviae, 31 gram-negative, 25 A. hydrophila, 12, 29, 31 gram-positive, 25 A. sobria, 31 vaccines, 131 Aflatoxicosis (Red Disease), 51 baculovirus, 16 in shrimp, 93 Ballariophyceae, 167 aflatoxin, 51, 93 barbs, 11 agglutination, 138 barfin flounder, 14 agglutinins, 115 beach macrofauna, 161 Agmasoma (Thelohania), 69 Benedenia, 60 alarm stage, 3 bent/ cramped tails, 78 Alitropus, 66 benthos, 167 alkaloid toxins, 159 benzalkonium chloride, 48 amino acid deficiencies, 89 bighead carp, 61 amnesic shellfish poisoning, 163, 164 bioassay, 107, 171 Amyloodinium ocellatum, 57 intermediate, 107 Anabaena circinalis, 164 short-term, 107 Anabas, 11, 31 long-term, 107 anoxic conditions, 159 biological filtration, 134 antibody, 116 bivalves, 163 capture assay, 144 black carp, 13 diversity, 116 Black Gill Disease, 78 production, 117 black rot/erosion, 36 antigens, 116, 138 blisters, 36 capture assay, 144 Blue Disease, 92 antimicrobial compounds, 167 body cramp, 78, 92 proteins, 121 Botriocephalus, 62

Index 181 Branchiomyces, 47 Clupea harengus, 168 Branchiomycosis, 47 cocci, 26 , 159 cod, 14, 48 broodfish, 12 Coded Pathogenic Organisms (CPF), 98 Brooklynella, 57 Disease, 28 brown/black spot, 36 commensalism, 55 Bucephalus, 61 complement factors, 113 Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources, 171 complete feeds, 83 caeruloplasmins, 114 Contracaecum, 62 cage and net pen culture, 167 copper sulfate, 48 Caligus, 64 Coregonus lavaretus, 167 C. epidemicus, 64 CPE, 12-13 C. patulus, 64 crabs, 49, 67 capsomeres, 9 Cryptobia, 58 carbohydrates, 167 Cryptocaryon irritans, 55 cargo ballast, 163 Cryptophyceae, 167 carp, 28, 29, 45, 47, 56, 58, 59, 60, 62, 64, 65 Ctenopharyngodon idellus, 13 carrier or paratenic host, 70 cultural eutrophication, 163 catfish, 11, 31, 46, 56, 59, 60, 62, 63, 64 Cyanobacterial Toxic Poisoning (CTP), 164 cell lytic enzymes, 115 Cyanobacterium, 164 cell walls, 44 Cyprinus carpio, 29 cellular immunity, 119 cyst density, 170 centric diatoms, 161 cytopathic effect, 10 hirundinella, 167 Cytophaga sp., 35 cercariae, 70 cytotoxic cells, 115 cestodes, 62 Cytotoxicity, 120 Chaetoceros, 168 , 60 C. convolutus, 164 decomposers, 161 channel catfish, 28, 29 deficiency diseases, 89 virus probe, 13 denaturation, 148, 153 Chanos chanos, 30-32 Department of Agriculture, 171 Chatonella antiqua, 164, 167 Department of Health, 171 chemotherapy, 103 dermal necrosis, 11 Chinese Baculovirus (CBV), 16 destratification, 161 Chinese minnow, 13 detection threshold, 151 Chlorine, 102 detergent, 50 Chlorophyceae, 167 Diarrhetic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP), 164 Chronic Soft-Shell Syndrome, 80, 91 , 164 Chrysochromulina polylepsis, 164 D. acuta, 164 (CFP), 164 D. acuminata, 164 , 55 D. fortii, 164 Citrobacter fecundii, 29 D. norvegica, 164 Clarias, 11, 31 D. mitra, 164 climbing perch, 11, 31, 59 D. rotundata, 164 clonal selection, 138 diatoms, 162 clotting reaction, 122 dietary enhancement, 129

182 Health Management in Aquaculture digeneans, 61 Fish Encephalitis, 14 toxins, 159 fish louse, 63 , 162 flagellates, 57 dip, 105 , 12, 35 diplococcus, 26 Flexibacter, 28, 35 direct immersion, 132 flounders, 48 direct life cycle, 70 Flourescent Antibody Technique (FAT), 10, 138, 142 disease development, 2 flow-through, 105, 107 dissolved oxygen, 170 formalin, 46, 50 DNA, 132 fungal diseases, 49 DNA Probe, 10, 17 fungi, 43, 44 domoic acid, 159 Fusarium, 50, 51 dysphagia, 171 Gambierdiscus toxicus, 164 Echinocephalus, 62 Gas Bubble Disease, 75 ectoparasites, 55 gene probe assay, 149 eddy, 160 genetic resistance, 130 Edwadsiella Septicaemia or Edwardsiellosis, 29 gill rot, 47 Edwardsiella tarda, 29 Glochidia, 67 eel, 47, 63 , 69 El Niño, 163 goby, 31, 46, 62, 65, 66 electron microscopy (EM), 13, 17 goldfish, 28, 31, 32, 45, 47 endoparasites, 55 polygramma, 164 enveloped virus, 9 gourami, 11, 31, 46 enzyme inhibitors, 114 grass carp, 13, 61 Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), 10, Grass Carp Hemorrhagic Disease, 13 138, 143 grazing pressure, 161 Ephelota, 67 gregarines, 68 Epinephelus, 14, 15, 30 grouper, 14, 15, 30, 48, 56, 60-62, 65-66 Epistylis, 67 Grouper Iridovirus of Taiwan Disease (TGIV), 15 Epizootic Ulcerative Syndrome (EUS), 11, 46 , 168 ergasilid infestation, 64 G. breve, 164, 168 Ergasilus, 64 G. catenatum, 164 European bass, 14 G. mikimotoi, 164 eutrophication, 160, 167 G. splenders, 161 exhaustion stage, 3 Gyrodactylus, 60 exophthalmia, 13 Gyrodinium cohnii, 167 facultative parasites, 44 Haliphthoros, 44, 49, 50 facultive saprobes, 44 Haplorchis, 61 fatty acid deficiency, 89 Hemiurus, 61 feed storage, 93 hemolytic substance, 159 Filamentous Bacterial Disease, 35 hemorrhagic fin bases or gill covers, 13 filter hybridization, 149 Henneguya, 59 filter-feeding bivalves, 159 Hepatopancreatic Parvo-like Virus (HPV) Disease, 20 filtrates, 10 herring, 48 final host, 70 Heterosigma carterae, 164 fish cell lines, 10 heterotrophic decomposition, 167

Index 183 highly unsaturated fatty acids, 167 Koch’s Postulates, 27 Hippoglossus hippoglossus, 14 Kudoa, 59 horizontal transmission, 3, 10 lactoferrin, 114 Haptophyceae, 167 lag phase, 161 hybridize, 148 Lagenidium, 44, 49, 50 hyperactivity, 168 larval mycosis, 49 hyperplasia, 58 Labeo rohita, 28 Hypodermal and hematopoietic necrosis baculo-like Lates sp., 14, 15, 30, 33 virus (HHNBV), 16 Lecithochirium, 61 Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, 13 lectins, 121 hypoxia, 168 leech, 66 Ichthyobodo, 58 Lernaea, 65 Ichthyophoniasis (Ichthyosporidiosis), 48 lernaeid infestation, 65 Ichthyophonus (=Ichthyosporidium), 48 Leucothrix sp., 35 Ichthyophthirius multifiliis, 55 long bath, 105 Ichthyosporidium, 69 low stringency conditions, 148 ichthyotoxicity, 168 lowered nutrient stress, 163 Ictalurus punctatus, 28, 29 lowered silicate stress, 162 immersion, 105 Luminous Bacterial Disease, 37 immune systems, 111 Lymphocystis Disease, 15 fish, 112 macrofauna, 160 crustacean, 119 macroconidia, 51 immunity, 111 malachite green, 46, 48 humoral, 116 marine leeches, 66 innate or non-specific, 112 memory B cells, 118 specific, 115 metacercariae, 70 immunoelectrophoresis, 141 metallothionein, 114 immunologic memory, 118 metals, 123 immunostimulation, 132 meteorological parameters, 170 immunosuppression, 123 Microcystis aeruginosa, 164 in-situ hybridization, 150 microsporeans, 69 inclusion/occlusion bodies, 10 milkfish, 30, 31, 32, 56, 58, 61, 63, 64-66 incomplete molting, 78 mineral deficiency, 90 Indirect Flourescent Antibody Technique (IFAT), 10, miracidium, 70 indirect life cycle, 70 mitosporic, 49 infection bioassay, 10, 17 molecular biology-based techniques, 137 Infectious Hypodermal and Hematopoietic Virus Mollusc Infestation, 67 (IHHNV) Disease, 19 monoclonal antibodies, 138 inflammation, 115 Monodon Baculovirus (MBV) Disease, 18 injection, 132 monogeneans, 60 intermediate host, 70 Motile Aeromonad Septicemia, 31 interstitial fauna, 161 Mugil cephalus, 29, 31 interstitial microfauna, 160 mullet, 29, 31, 56, 58-59, 61, 64-66 iridovirus, 13, 15 muscle necrosis, 77 isopod infestation, 66 mutualism, 55 Japanese flounder, 14 Mycobacterium, 34

184 Health Management in Aquaculture M. marinum, 34 P. esculentus, 18, 20 M. chelonae, 34 P. indicus, 20, 35-37 M. fortuitum, 34 P. japonicus, 19, 38 mycotic infections, 45 P. kerathurus, 18 Mylopharyngodon piceus, 13 P. merguiensis, 17, 18, 20, 35-37 Myxidium, 59 P. monodon, 17-20, 35-38, 50, 51 Myxobolus, 59 P. penicillatus, 18, 20 Myxosoma, 59 P. plebejus, 18 myxosporeans, 59 P. schmitti, 19 naked viruses, 9 P. semisulcatus, 18-20 necrosis, 11, 36 P. setiferus, 17, 19 nematodes, 62 P. stylirostris, 19 Nested PCR, 13, 155 P. vannamei, 18-20, 38 Neurotoxic Shellfish Poisoning (NSP), 164 Palaemon styliferus, 17 neurotoxins, 163, 168 Pallisentis, 63 neutralization index, 10 pandemic epizootics, 17 , 164 Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP), 159, 164 nodavirus, 14 Paralytic Syndrome, 14 Nodularia spumigena, 164 parasite vaccines, 131 nodule formation and encapsulation, 121 parasites, 43 non-luminous vibrios, 38 , 55 Northern Blot Hybridization, 149 parenteral treatment, 105 Nosema, 69 parrotfish, 14 nucleic acid genome, 9 parvovirus, 19, 20 nucleic acid hybridization, 149 pathogens, 2 nutrient enrichment, 167 Penaeid Acute Viremia (PAV), 16 nutritional deficiency signs, 87 Penaeid Rod-shaped Dovavirus (PRDV), 16 nutritional diseases, 83, 87, 94 peptides, 121 Oreochromis, 13, 28, 29, 31-33, 64-66 blooms, 160 O. aureus, 13 peroral administration, 132 O. mossambicus, 164 pesticides, 123 O. niloticus, 13 Phaeocystis pouchetti, 167 obligate parasites, 44 phage therapy, 135 oncomiracidia, 70 phagocytosis, 116, 120 oomycetes, 45 phenol oxidase system, 122 Ophicephalus striatus, 11, 31, 46 Philippine Atmospheric, Geophysical and Astronomi- oral emetic, 171 cal Services Administration (PAGASA), 170 Osteopsis, 164 phosphate-phosphorus, 170 ozone, 102 phosphorescent, 159 Penaeus, 17, 20, 35-38, 49, 68, 164 phosphorous, 160, 167 P. anguilliseptica, 32 photic zone, 160 P. aztecus, 17, 19 phytoflagellates, 161, 162 P. californiensis ,19 phytoplankton, 161 P. chinensis, 20 Piscine Neuropathy, 14 P. chlororaphis, 32 plaque assay, 10 P. duorarum, 17, 19 plasma cells, 118

Index 185 Plecoglossus altivelis, 28, 33 reporter molecule, 149 Pleistophora, 69 respiratory failure, 171 polyclonal antibodies, 138 resting cells, 162 Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), 10, 149 resting cysts, 163 PCR probe, 17 retinopathy, 14 potent toxins, 159 Reverse Transcriptin-Polymerase Chain Reaction precipitation, 139 (RT-PCR), 10, 13, 155 primary producers, 161 rhabdovirus, 11, 17, 46 primer design, 154 River’s Postulates, 11 probe, 149 Rod-shaped Virus of Penaeus japonicus (RV-PJ), 16 probiotics, 134 rohu, 28 procercoid, 70 salinity stress, 162 Procerovum, 61 sand goby, 11 prokaryotic, 26 sandwich assay, 145 Prorocentrum spp., 164 saprobes, 43 Prosorhynchus, 61 , 32, 44-46 protozoan infestation, 67 Saprolegniosis (Saprolegniasis), 45 protozoans, 55, 67 Sarotherodon galilaeus, 13 prymnesiophytes, 164 Scrippsiella trochoidea, 164 Prymnesium parvum, 164, 168 Scylla serrata, 49 P. patelliferum, 164 sea bass, 14, 15, 30, 33, 56, 60, 61, 64-66 Pseudometadena, 61 sea bream (Sparus aurata), 14, 30 Pseudomonas, 32, 36 seafood contamination, 168 Pseudo-nitzschia, 164 sensitivity, 138 P. multiseries, 164 Seriola quinqueradiata, 167 P. australis, 164 serology, 10, 137 P. pseudodelicatissima, 164 serpent fish, 11 , 60 serum neutralization tests, 13 Ptychodiscus brevis, 167 Shell Disease, 36 Puntius spp, 11 Shell-degrading bacteria, 36 purplish amberjack, 14 shi drum, 14 Pyrodinium, 160, 164, 170 shoaling, 163 blooms, 163 short bath, 105 Pythium, 46 shrimps, 17-20, 32, 35-38, 49, 67, 164, quarantine, 101 siamese fighting fish, 11, 34 rabbitfish, 30, 33 siganid, 56, 61, 62, 64, 66 Raphidascaris, 62 Siganus, 15, 30, 33, 62 raphidophytes, 164 silver carp, 13 rare minnow, 13 Sirolpidium, 49, 50 receptors, 10, 116 Sleepy Grouper Disease (SGD), 15 red discoloration, 16 slot blot or dot blot hybridization, 149 Red Disease, 79 snakehead, 11, 31, 46, 58, 59, 62, 63, 64 red drum, 45 snapper, 56, 60, 64 red sea bream, 14 sodium chloride, 46, 48 red tides, 159, 161 soft-shelling, 80 replication, 10 soluble (humoral) barriers, 113

186 Health Management in Aquaculture Southern blot hybridization, 149 treflan, 50 SPF, 97, 98 Trichodina, 56 Sphaerospora, 60 Trichodinella, 56 Spinning Grouper Disease, 14 Tripartiella, 56 Spinning Tilapia (ST) Syndrome, 13 trout, 48 spiny eel, 11 Trypanosoma, 58 spirilla, 26 turbot, 14 Spirocamallanus, 62 underfeeding, 92 sporozoans, 68 upwelling, 160 spotted scat, 64 Vibrio, 30, 37-38 stages of cytopathology, 19 V. alginolyticus, 30, 38 staphylococcus, 26 V. anguillarum, 30, 38 static test, 107 V. damsela, 38 Stellantchasmus, 61 V. harveyi, 37 straminipilous organisms, 43, 44, 49 V. fluvialis, 38 Streptococcus sp, 25, 33 V. parahaemolyticus, 38 stress, 3, 123, 128 V. penaeicida, 38 striped croaking gourami, 11 V. splendidus, 37 striped jack, 14 V. vulnificus, 30, 38 Sunburn Disease, 77 vaccination, 130 supplemental feeds, 83 vector, 163 surf zones, 160 Verasper moseri, 14 swamp eels, 11 vertical transmission, 3,10 Swimbladder Stress Syndrome (SBSS), 76 vibriosis, 30 symbiosis, 55 viral disease, 9 Systemic ectodermal and mesodermal baculo-like viral encephalopathy, 14 virus (SEMBV), 16 viral infections in fish, 11 Systemic treatment, 105 Viral Nervous Necrosis (VNN), 14 T-lymphocytes, 118 viral vaccines, 131 terrestrial nutrients, 161 virion structure, 9 terrestrial run-off, 160 virus, 9 Thelohanellus, 59 vitamin C deficiency, 90 thermocline, 163 vitamin imbalances, 89 Thiothrix sp., 35 , 67 three-spot gourami, 11 wastes, 163 tiger puff, 14 Western blot analysis, 10, 17, 138, 146 tilapia, 13, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33, 56, 60, 63-66 white cuticular spots, 16 tissue culture, 10 White Spot Baculovirus (WSBV), 16 titer, 139 Virus (WSSV) Disease, 16 topical treatment, 104 White Spot Virus (WSV), 16 topmount gudgeon, 13 wrestling half-beak, 11 Trichogaster, 11, 31 Yellow Head Virus (YHV) Disease, 17 trace metal stress, 162 Zeylanicobdella arugamensis, 66 transferrin, 113 zooplankton, 161 translocation, 163 Zoothamnium, 67 Transversotrema, 61

Index 187