DOCSLIB.ORG

Nearly Half of North America's Birds at Risk

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Nearly Half of North America's Birds at Risk VOLUME 47 October 2014 Number 2 A Field Guide to the Future: Nearly Half of North America’s Birds at Risk from Global Warming Nearly half of the bird species in the con- warming is allowed to erase the havens is global warming,” said Audubon Chief tinental U.S. and Canada are threatened birds occupy today. Scientist Gary Langham, who led the by climate change and global warming. “The greatest threat our birds face today investigation. “That’s our unequivocal Many of these species could go extinct Continued on page 2 without our taking decisive action to pro- tect their habitats and reduce the severity OCTOBER GENERAL MEETING of global warming. That’s the startling Monday October 20, 7:00 PM conclusion reached by Audubon scien- First United Methodist Church tists in a new study being released in mid- 1551 Montgomery Drive, Santa Rosa September (Please remember to bring your own cup or mug!) Here in California, birds that are threat- Nationally known bird photographer, Marie Read, takes us on a journey exploring the bird- life of the Mono Lake Basin. Marie’s photography, now featured in her newly released book, ened by global warming include Black Sierra Wings: Birds of the Mono Lake Basin, reveals the fascinating lives of the birds that breed Oystercatcher, Allen’s Hummingbird, or migrate through this spectacular birding hotspot. Pygmy Nuthatch, and Yellow-headed Iconic Mono Lake, in California’s Eastern Sierra, is famous for bizarre tufa towers rising from Blackbird—as species of concern! its surface, and highly saline and alkaline water. Brine shrimp and alkali flies attract huge numbers of breeding and migratory birds, including California Gulls, Wilson’s and Red- necked phalaropes, and Eared Grebes. The surrounding sagebrush scrub, pinyon-juniper, Jef- frey pine and conifer-aspen forests support many other species. Please come and enjoy Marie’s stories from the field and learn how she obtained some of the behavior and action shots in the book. Signed books will be available for purchase. You can see more of Marie’s nationally recognized work at www.marieread.com. COMING NOVEMBER 17: Hollis Bewley of the Seabird Monitoring Program will present an up close and personal look at seabirds courting and raising their families along the Sonoma Coast. Hollis will give Pygmy Nuthatch Photo courtesy of Craig Tooley us an overview of the important work and accomplishments of the Seabird Monitoring Pro- gram being administered by Stewards of the Coast and Redwoods in partnership with the Of 588 bird species examined in the Seabird Protection Network, the California Coastal National Monument, and State Parks. study, 314 are at risk. Of those, 126 Hollis serves on the Board of Directors of Stewards, a nonprofit organization supporting CA species are at risk of severe declines by State Parks, and providing environmental education, in- terpretative, stewardship and citizen science programs in as early as 2050, and a further 188 spe- Armstrong Woods, Austin Creek and the Sonoma Coast. cies face the same fate by 2080, with She also coordinates the Seabird Monitoring Program (in numerous extinctions possible if global its second year!) as well as leads coastal bird walks and classroom field trips to tide pools for Stewards. She has To receive Leaves via email in PDF format just participated in Black Oystercatcher surveys for Audubon, and has been observing and photographing coastal birds email your request to: for 15 years. More information about her organization Black Oystercatchers in ocean [email protected] can be found at www.stewardscr.org/cms/pages/volun- shoreline habitat. You will get your copy faster and help save paper. teer_sonoma_coast_seabird_monitoring.html Photo courtesy of Craig Tooley MADRONE LEAVES A FIELD GUIDE summering place in Minnesota by 2080. issue of Audubon Magazine focusing on Continued from page 1 The study also reveals those areas that climate change. conclusion after seven years of pains- are likely to remain stable for birds even Gary Langham finished a webinar on takingly careful and thorough research. as climate changes, enabling Audubon this topic with “Give nature ½ a chance Global warming threatens the basic fab- to identify “stronghold” areas that birds and it responds. We need to give it that ric of life on which birds—and the rest of will need to survive in the future. Work- chance.” It is time we speak for birds. ing with partners we can identify and us—depend, and we have to act quickly Written by Diane Hichwa, adapted and decisively to avoid catastrophe for rank those strongholds to protect for greatest impact. from a basic article provided by Lynsy them and us.” Smithson Stanley, NAS Deputy Direc- The result is a roadmap for bird con- tor for Climate Change. servation in coming decades under a warming climate. The study provides • • • • • • a key entry point for Audubon’s great- er engagement on the urgent issue of global warming. Responding to the AUDUBON magnitude of the threat to our birds, ADVENTURES - National Audubon is greatly expanding Madrone’s Gift to 3rd-5th its climate initiative, aiming to engage a Cedar Waxwing on native white alder. Photo courtesy of Tom Reynolds larger and more diverse set of voices in Grade Schools in Sonoma support of protecting birds. County – 2014-15 To understand the links between where Solutions will include: 1) personal National Audubon’s “Audubon Adven- birds live and the climatic conditions choices to conserve energy and reduce tures” is again being offered for free to that support them, the researchers used greenhouse gas emissions in our com- all 3rd-5th grade teachers in Sonoma 17 variables (for temperature, seasonal- munities 2) creating backyard bird habi- County. New this year is the digital plus ity and precipitation) to look at chang- tat 3) local action to create community option “Birds, Bees, and Neighborhood ing climate scenarios. Langham and climate action plans 4) local and state- Biomes” Classroom Kit OR, as in the other Audubon ornithologists analyzed based work to increase rooftop solar and past, the printed version – choose from 30 years of historical North American energy efficiency, 5) Audubon’s work in 1 of 8 kits. climate data together with tens of thou- Important Bird Areas and other efforts sands of historical bird records from to protect and expand bird habitats. With a Digital Plus subscription stu- both the 100+ years of winter Audubon With the range maps we can identify dents receive: Three ready to print or Christmas Bird Counts and the spring/ places needing protection to provide a project student editions with engaging summer North American Breeding Bird refuge for these birds. We can know bet- science content, online, student quiz- Survey data of the U.S. Geological Sur- ter which species to focus on and where zes and puzzles, kid-friendly games and vey. Understanding those links then al- to take action most effectively. infographics, Windows on the Wild lowed scientists to project where birds videos and live webcam. Teachers re- are likely to be able to survive–OR not ceive: Six E-newsletters, “Birds on the survive–in the future. Range maps, such Move” classroom wall poster, topic back- as those found in bird field guides, show ground information, discussion starters, where birds now winter and nest; the lesson plans for classroom and field-based new maps from this study project with activities, bibliographies, glossary, cor- climate change where habitat will be and relations to Common Core English if/when there is a match to sustain each Language Arts and Next Generation species. Science standards and assessment ques- tions and answers, opportunities to par- Our locally common Black Oystercatch- Black Oystercatcher with chick. er is projected to lose more than 50% Photo courtesy of Craig Tooley ticipate in community service learning of its range by 2050. The iconic Com- and citizen science projects such as Great mon Loon, heard but unseen as it calls For more information, visit Audubon. Backyard Bird Count and Pennies for the through the mist of a Midwestern lake, org/Climate. After September 9 there will Planet. The Audubon magazine subscrip- is projected to have no suitable place be more than 300 maps on the website. tion is also sent to the school address. National members can expect a double- Continued on page 3 Page 2 MADRONE LEAVES AUDUBON ADVENTURES ing, Humboldt State University, Arcata One More for Your Continued from page 2 California 95521. Instructions and bird count form available at www.utahbirds. Life List OR With a Printed Version subscrip- org/cbc/ThanksgBirdCount.htm and by Steve Glover tion: Choose one from among eight kits your Thanksgiving Bird Count can be Reprinted with permission from the author - four separate magazine sets (32 of each). emailed to thanksgivingbirdcount@ and Mount Diablo Audubon Society. gmail.com, if you are in the western With education budgets often cut, funds United States. The annual American Ornithologists’ for environmental education programs are Union Checklist Supplement, published limited. We can help fill some of that need. • • • • • • online on July 30th, includes a revision of Teachers of 3rd-5th grade students may the taxonomic status of the “large rails,” contact Marcia Johnson at owlsnesttwo@ 9th Annual Wine which we have traditionally called the att.net, 829-3808 before December 1, Country Rowing Classic Clapper and King Rails. The King Rail 2014, to receive an “Audubon Adventures” has been split into two species: The famil- Resource Kit for your class. North Bay Rowing Club and Sonoma iar King Rail of the eastern U.S. retains State Crew have been hosting the Contributions to support this project would its English and scientific names (Rallus el- Wine Country Rowing Classic since be greatly welcomed.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Introduction
    INTRODUCTION UC-Stallcup TEXT.indd 1 1/23/14 11:30 AM This contribution to the California Natural History Guide Series of the University of California Press follows a long tradi- tion of books that explain, explore, and celebrate the natural riches of California and beyond. Our intent is to tell beginning birders, or curious naturalists, the how, what, when, where, and why of birding. Because birds are so mobile, some individuals of most spe- cies can wander far from their natal homes and appear any- where. Here we have tried to include only those species most likely to be seen along the coast, from Big Sur to the Oregon border. This is not a field guide to bird identification, but a field guide to the birds themselves. Birding is a word that encompasses many concepts. For some, the activity of searching for and observing birds is a clear window into the natural world, an affirmation of its beauty and its peacefulness. To others, birding is a delightful diversion from the hectic or perhaps boring daily routine of the mod- ern world— providing calm amid the chaos. Birds are nature’s ambassadors, connecting us through their ancient lineage to evolution’s astonishing creativity and offering us some guid- ance, through our study of their habitat needs, in our steward- ship of the Earth. Some people have found the wonders of birds to be the perfect antidote to sadness or loneliness, or a path to comradeship with kindred spirits; others consider the complex- ities of identification or behavior an intellectual challenge.
    [Show full text]
  • Notas De La Anidación Del Rascón De Manglar Rallus Longirostris (Gruiformes: Rallidae) En El Salvador
    Revista Multidisciplinaria de la Universidad de El Salvador • Revista Minerva (2020) 3(1) • pp. 141-150 Plataforma digital de la revista: https://minerva.sic.ues.edu.sv Notas de la anidación del Rascón de Manglar Rallus longirostris (Gruiformes: Rallidae) en El Salvador Nesting notes of the Mangrove Rail Rallus longirostris (Gruiformes: Rallidae) in El Salvador Luis Pineda1, Larissa Beltrán2, Moisés Herrera3, Alcides Sorto3 RESUMEN Presentamos información de la anidación del Rascón de Manglar Rallus longirostris en Bahía de La Unión, que representa la primera zona reproductiva de esta especie en El Salvador. Describimos características de los nidos, huevos, polluelos y su ubicación. La especie fue registrada por primera vez en 2013 mediante la grabación de vocalizaciones en el Golfo de Fonseca. El nido se encontró a una altura de 1 m, elaborado de ramas de mangle entrelazadas y una base de hojas, en forma de canasta de 28 cm de diámetro, contenía cinco huevos de coloración blanquecinos con manchas marrones, los cuales median 4.5x3.5 cm, el período reproductivo es de mayo a noviembre. Palabras clave: Anidación, La Unión, Rascón de Manglar, Rallus longirostris, reproducción. ABSTRACT We present information on the nesting of the Mangrove Rail Rallus longirostris in Bahía de La Unión, which represents the first reproductive area of this species in El Salvador. We describe the characteristics of nests, eggs, chicks and their location. The species was first recorded in 2013 when recording vocalizations in the Golfo de Fonseca. The nest was found at a height of 1 m, made of interlocking mangrove branches and a base of leaves, in the form of a 28 cm diameter basket, containing five whitish eggs with brown spots, measuring 4.5x3.5 cm, the reproductive period is from May to November.
    [Show full text]
  • Clapper Rail (Rallus Longirostris) Studies in Alabama Dan C
    View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Aquila Digital Community Northeast Gulf Science Volume 2 Article 2 Number 1 Number 1 6-1978 Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris) Studies in Alabama Dan C. Holliman Birmingham-Southern College DOI: 10.18785/negs.0201.02 Follow this and additional works at: https://aquila.usm.edu/goms Recommended Citation Holliman, D. C. 1978. Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris) Studies in Alabama. Northeast Gulf Science 2 (1). Retrieved from https://aquila.usm.edu/goms/vol2/iss1/2 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by The Aquila Digital Community. It has been accepted for inclusion in Gulf of Mexico Science by an authorized editor of The Aquila Digital Community. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Holliman: Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris) Studies in Alabama Northeast Gulf Science Vol. 2, No.1, p. 24-34 June 1978 CLAPPER RAIL (Rallus longirostris) STUDIES IN ALABAMAl Dan C. Holliman Biology Department Birmingham-Southern College Birmingham, AL 35204 ABSTRACT: The habitat and distribution of the clapper rail Rallus longirostris saturatus in salt and brackish-mixed marshes of Alabama is described. A total of 4,490 hectares of habitat is mapped. Smaller units of vti'getation are characterized in selected study areas. A comparison of these plant communities and call, count data is shown for each locality. Concentrations of clapper rails generally occurrecj in those habitats with the higher percentage of Spartina alterniflora. A census techni­ que utilizing taped calls is described. Trapping procedures are given for drift fences and funnel traps.
    [Show full text]
  • Light-Footed Ridgway's (Clapper) Rail in California
    Light-footed Ridgway’s (Clapper) Rail in California 2018 Season By Richard Zembal, Susan M. Hoffman, John Konecny, and Beth Sabiston Final Report to US Fish and Wildlife Service and California Department of Fish and Wildlife Light-footed Ridgway’s (Clapper) Rail in California 2018 Season Richard Zembal, Susan M. Hoffman, John Konecny, and Beth Sabiston Clapper Rail Recovery Fund Huntington Beach Wetlands Conservancy 24821 Buckboard Lane Laguna Hills, CA 92653 December 21, 2018 Table of Contents ABSTRACT .................................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................... 2 METHODS ..................................................................................................................................... 4 Population Monitoring .........................................................................................................4 Nest Monitoring ...................................................................................................................5 Breeding in Zoological Facilities .........................................................................................6 Banding and Tracking ..........................................................................................................8 STUDY AREAS ............................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Light-Footed Clapper Rail Management and Population Assessment, 1993
    State of California The Resource Agency Department of Fish and Game Wildlife Management Division LIGHT-FOOTED CLAPPER RAIL MANAGEMENT AND POPULATION ASSESSMENT, 1993 by Richard Zembal Nongame Bird and Mammal Program Report, 94-6 FINAL REPORT TO California Department of Fish and Game 1416 Ninth Street Sacramento, CA 95814 CONTRACT FG2327 (FY 92/93) Partially Supported by Section 6 Federal Grant-in-Aid Funding for Endangered Species, California, EW92, X-l LIGHT-FOOTED CLAPPER RAIL MANAGEMENT AND POPULATION ASSESSMENT, 1993 CONTRACTOR California State University, Long Beach Foundation Long Beach, California 90840 PROJECT ADMINISTRATOR Dr. Charles T. Collins Department of Biology California State University Long Beach, CA 90840 AUTHOR AND PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR Richard Zembal Research Associate State of California The Resources Agency Department of Fish and Game Wildlife Management Division LIGHT-FOOTED CLAPPER RAIL CENSUS AND STUDY, 1993 by Richard Zembal Research Associate, Biology Department California State University Long Beach, CA 90840 ABSTRACT The fourteenth consecutive annual census of the endangered light-footed clapper rail (Rallus longirostris levipes) was conducted by call counts throughout the bird's range in California, 3 March - 15 April 1993. There were 300 pairs of clapper rails exhibiting breeding behavior in 13 marshes, a 9% increase over 1992. One hundred and forty-two pairs, or 47.3% of the state total, were detected at Upper Newport Bay. The subpopulations in the Tijuana Marsh National Wildlife Refuge (NWR), Seal Beach NWR, and Upper Newport Bay totalled 270 pairs, or 90% of the California population. Most of the subpopulations are small and face serious problems that should be dealt with through increased management and the provision of additional habitat or they will be lost.
    [Show full text]
  • AOU Checklist of North and Middle American Birds
    12/17/2014 AOU Checklist of North and Middle American Birds Home Checklists Publica tioSneasrch Meetings Membership Awards Students Resources About Contact AOU Checklist of North and Middle American Birds Browse the checklist below, or Search Legend to symbols: A accidental/casual in AOU area H recorded in AOU area only from Hawaii I introduced into AOU area N has not bred in AOU area, but occurs regularly as nonbreeding visitor † extinct * probably misplaced in the current phylogenetic listing, but data indicating proper placement are not yet available Download a complete list of all bird species in the North and Middle America Checklist, without subspecies (CSV, Excel). Please be patient as these are large! This checklist incorporates changes through the 54th supplement. View invalidated taxa class: Aves order: Tinamiformes family: Tinamidae genus: Nothocercus species: Nothocercus bonapartei (Highland Tinamou, Tinamou de Bonaparte) genus: Tinamus species: Tinamus major (Great Tinamou, Grand Tinamou) genus: Crypturellus species: Crypturellus soui (Little Tinamou, Tinamou soui) species: Crypturellus cinnamomeus (Thicket Tinamou, Tinamou cannelle) species: Crypturellus boucardi (Slaty­breasted Tinamou, Tinamou de Boucard) species: Crypturellus kerriae (Choco Tinamou, Tinamou de Kerr) order: Anseriformes family: Anatidae subfamily: Dendrocygninae genus: Dendrocygna species: Dendrocygna viduata (White­faced Whistling­Duck, Dendrocygne veuf) species: Dendrocygna autumnalis (Black­bellied Whistling­Duck, Dendrocygne à ventre noir) species:
    [Show full text]
  • Rallidae Species Tree
    Rallidae: Rallinae Rouget’s Rail, Rougetius rougetii Chestnut-headed Crake, Anurolimnas castaneiceps African Rail, Rallus caerulescens Water Rail, Rallus aquaticus Brown-cheeked Rail, Rallus indicus Virginia Rail, Rallus limicola ?Bogota Rail, Rallus semiplumbeus ?Austral Rail, Rallus antarcticus ?Plain-flanked Rail, Rallus wetmorei Ridgway’s Rail, Rallus obsoletus Aztec Rail, Rallus tenuirostris Mangrove Rail, Rallus longirostris King Rail, Rallus elegans Clapper Rail, Rallus crepitans Madagascan Rail, Biensis madagascariensis †Red Rail, Aphanapteryx bonasia †Rodrigues Rail, Erythromachus leguati White-throated Rail, Dryolimnas cuvieri ?†Reunion Rail, Dryolimnas augusti Corn Crake, Crex crex ?African Crake, Crex egregia Snoring Rail, Lewinia plateni Slaty-breasted Rail, Lewinia striata Brown-banded Rail, Lewinia mirifica Lewin’s Rail, Lewinia pectoralis Auckland Rail, Lewinia muelleri Blue-faced Rail, Gymnocrex rosenbergii Talaud Rail, Gymnocrex talaudensis Bare-eyed Rail, Gymnocrex plumbeiventris Invisible Rail, Gallirallus wallacii †Hawkins’s Rail, Gallirallus hawkinsi Calayan Rail, Gallirallus calayanensis Chestnut Rail, Gallirallus castaneoventris Weka, Gallirallus australis New Caledonian Rail, Gallirallus lafresnayanus †Chatham Rail, Gallirallus modestus Okinawa Rail, Gallirallus okinawae Barred Rail, Gallirallus torquatus †Dieffenbach’s Rail, Gallirallus dieffenbachii Pink-legged Rail, Gallirallus insignis Guam Rail, Gallirallus owstoni Woodford’s Rail, Gallirallus woodfordi Roviana Rail, Gallirallus rovianae ?†Bar-winged Rail, Gallirallus
    [Show full text]
  • Alpha Codes for 2154 Bird Species (And 108 Non-Species Taxa) in Accordance with the 60Th AOU Supplement (2019), Sorted Alphabetically by English Name
    Four-letter (English Name) and Six-letter (Scientific Name) Alpha Codes for 2154 Bird Species (and 108 Non-Species Taxa) in accordance with the 60th AOU Supplement (2019), sorted alphabetically by English name Prepared by Peter Pyle and David F. DeSante The Institute for Bird Populations www.birdpop.org ENGLISH NAME 4-LETTER CODE SCIENTIFIC NAME 6-LETTER CODE Abert's Towhee ABTO Melozone aberti MELABE Acadian Flycatcher ACFL Empidonax virescens EMPVIR Acorn Woodpecker ACWO Melanerpes formicivorus MELFOR Adelaide's Warbler ADWA Setophaga adelaidae SETADE African Collared-Dove AFCD Streptopelia roseogrisea STRROS African Silverbill AFSI Euodice cantans EUOCAN Agami Heron AGHE Agamia agami AGAAGA Ainley's Storm-Petrel AISP Hydrobates cheimomnestes HYDCHE Akekee AKEK Loxops caeruleirostris LOXCAE Akiapolaau AKIA Hemignathus wilsoni HEMWIL Akikiki AKIK Oreomystis bairdi OREBAI Akohekohe AKOH Palmeria dolei PALDOL Alder Flycatcher ALFL Empidonax alnorum EMPALN + Aleutian Cackling Goose ACGO Branta hutchinsii leucopareia BRAHLE Aleutian Tern ALTE Onychoprion aleuticus ONYALE Allen's Hummingbird ALHU Selasphorus sasin SELSAS Alpine Swift ALSW Apus melba APUMEL Altamira Oriole ALOR Icterus gularis ICTGUL Altamira Yellowthroat ALYE Geothlypis flavovelata GEOFLA Amaui AMAU Myadestes woahensis MYAWOA Amazon Kingfisher AMKI Chloroceryle amazona CHLAMA American Avocet AMAV Recurvirostra americana RECAME American Bittern AMBI Botaurus lentiginosus BOTLEN American Black Duck ABDU Anas rubripes ANARUB + American Black Duck X Mallard Hybrid ABMH* Anas
    [Show full text]
  • ON 23(3) 461-466.Pdf
    SHORT COMMUNICATIONS ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL 23: 461–466, 2012 © The Neotropical Ornithological Society FIRST DESCRIPTION OF THE NEST AND EGGS OF THE PLAIN-FLANKED RAIL (RALLUS WETMOREI) Adriana Rodríguez-Ferraro1,2, Eugenia Sánchez2, & Miguel Lentino3 1Departamento de Estudios Ambientales, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Apdo. 89.000, Caracas 1080-A, Venezuela. E-mail: [email protected] 2Laboratorio de Ecología Molecular de Vertebrados, Universidad Simón Bolívar, Apdo. 89.000, Caracas 1080-A, Venezuela. 3Fundación William H. Phelps, Apdo. 2009, Caracas 1010-A, Venezuela. Primera descripción del nido y los huevos de la Polla de Wetmore (Rallus wetmorei). Key words: Plain-flanked Rail, Rallus wetmorei, eggs, mangrove, nest, Venezuela. INTRODUCTION conservation priorities in Venezuela (Rodrí- guez et al. 2004). Main threats for this rail The Plain-flanked Rail (Rallus wetmorei) is a are the loss and deterioration of mangrove Venezuelan endemic species deserving urgent habitat as a consequence of expanding attention from a conservation perspective. touristic developments and activities derived This bird was first described in the mid-1940s from petrochemical industries (Rodríguez & (Zimmer & Phelps 1944), and after a few Rojas-Suárez 2008). These problems even other observations during the following 10 exist within the boundaries of the few pro- years, it went unrecorded for almost three tected areas (three national parks and one decades, until rediscovered in 1999 (Hilty wildlife refuge) where the species is known to 2003). It is restricted to a small area along the occur. central coast of Venezuela where it is known Recovery efforts of endangered birds from eight localities (Taylor 1996), but in have been hampered by the lack of basic recent years, it has been found in only five of knowledge on their biology, thus, research these sites (Rodríguez-Ferraro & Lentino in focused on determining biological character- prep.).
    [Show full text]
  • California Clapper Rail (Rallus Longirostris Obsoletus) 5-Year Review
    California clapper rail (Rallus longirostris obsoletus ) 5-Year Review: Summary and Evaluation Photo by Allen Edwards U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office Sacramento, California April 2013 5-YEAR REVIEW California clapper rail (Rallus longirostris obsoletus) I. GENERAL INFORMATION Purpose of 5-Year Reviews: The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (Service) is required by section 4(c)(2) of the Endangered Species Act (Act) to conduct a status review of each listed species at least once every 5 years. The purpose of a 5-year review is to evaluate whether or not the species’ status has changed since it was listed (or since the most recent 5-year review). Based on the 5-year review, we recommend whether the species should be removed from the list of endangered and threatened species, be changed in status from endangered to threatened, or be changed in status from threatened to endangered. The California clapper rail was listed as endangered under the Endangered Species Preservation Act in 1970, so was not subject to the current listing processes and, therefore, did not include an analysis of threats to the California clapper rail. In this 5-year review, we will consider listing of this species as endangered or threatened based on the existence of threats attributable to one or more of the five threat factors described in section 4(a)(1) of the Act, and we must consider these same five factors in any subsequent consideration of reclassification or delisting of this species. We will consider the best available scientific and commercial data on the species, and focus on new information available since the species was listed.
    [Show full text]
  • Alpha Codes for 2168 Bird Species (And 113 Non-Species Taxa) in Accordance with the 62Nd AOU Supplement (2021), Sorted Taxonomically
    Four-letter (English Name) and Six-letter (Scientific Name) Alpha Codes for 2168 Bird Species (and 113 Non-Species Taxa) in accordance with the 62nd AOU Supplement (2021), sorted taxonomically Prepared by Peter Pyle and David F. DeSante The Institute for Bird Populations www.birdpop.org ENGLISH NAME 4-LETTER CODE SCIENTIFIC NAME 6-LETTER CODE Highland Tinamou HITI Nothocercus bonapartei NOTBON Great Tinamou GRTI Tinamus major TINMAJ Little Tinamou LITI Crypturellus soui CRYSOU Thicket Tinamou THTI Crypturellus cinnamomeus CRYCIN Slaty-breasted Tinamou SBTI Crypturellus boucardi CRYBOU Choco Tinamou CHTI Crypturellus kerriae CRYKER White-faced Whistling-Duck WFWD Dendrocygna viduata DENVID Black-bellied Whistling-Duck BBWD Dendrocygna autumnalis DENAUT West Indian Whistling-Duck WIWD Dendrocygna arborea DENARB Fulvous Whistling-Duck FUWD Dendrocygna bicolor DENBIC Emperor Goose EMGO Anser canagicus ANSCAN Snow Goose SNGO Anser caerulescens ANSCAE + Lesser Snow Goose White-morph LSGW Anser caerulescens caerulescens ANSCCA + Lesser Snow Goose Intermediate-morph LSGI Anser caerulescens caerulescens ANSCCA + Lesser Snow Goose Blue-morph LSGB Anser caerulescens caerulescens ANSCCA + Greater Snow Goose White-morph GSGW Anser caerulescens atlantica ANSCAT + Greater Snow Goose Intermediate-morph GSGI Anser caerulescens atlantica ANSCAT + Greater Snow Goose Blue-morph GSGB Anser caerulescens atlantica ANSCAT + Snow X Ross's Goose Hybrid SRGH Anser caerulescens x rossii ANSCAR + Snow/Ross's Goose SRGO Anser caerulescens/rossii ANSCRO Ross's Goose
    [Show full text]
  • ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: SECRETIVE MARSHBIRDS of URBAN WETLANDS in the WASHINGTON, DC METROPOLITAN AREA Patrice Nielson
    ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: SECRETIVE MARSHBIRDS OF URBAN WETLANDS IN THE WASHINGTON, DC METROPOLITAN AREA Patrice Nielson, Doctor of Philosophy 2016 Dissertation directed by: Dr. William Bowerman and Dr. Andrew Baldwin Environmental Science and Technology Secretive marshbirds are in decline across their range and are species of greatest conservation need in state Wildlife Action Plans. However, their secretive nature means there is relatively sparse information available on their ecology. There is demand for this information in the Washington, DC area for updating conservation plans and guiding wetland restoration. Rapid Wetland Assessment Methods are often used to monitor success of restoration but it is unknown how well they indicate marshbird habitat. Using the Standardized North American Marshbird Monitoring Protocol, I surveyed 51 points in 25 marshes in the DC area in 2013 – 2015. I also collected data on marsh area, buffer width, vegetation/water interspersion, vegetation characteristics, flooding, and invertebrates. At each bird survey point I assessed wetland quality using the Floristic Quality Assessment Index (FQAI) and California Rapid Wetland Assessment (CRAM) methods. I used Program Presence to model detection and occupancy probabilities of secretive marshbirds as a function of habitat variables. I found king rails (Rallus elegans) at five survey sites and least bittern (Ixobrychus exilis) at thirteen survey sites. Secretive marshbirds were using both restored and natural marshes, marshes with and without invasive plant species, and marshes with a variety of dominant vegetation species. King rail occupancy was positively correlated with plant diversity and invertebrate abundance and weakly negatively correlated with persistent vegetation. Least bittern occupancy was strongly negatively correlated woody vegetation and invertebrate abundance and weakly positively correlated with persistent vegetation.
    [Show full text]