Understanding Policy Mood for US Election Reform Caroline Tolbert
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Interim Report of the LWVO Primary Election Systems Study Committee
PRIMARY ELECTIONS SYSTEMS: A NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE -- Interim Report of the LWVO Primary Election Systems Study Committee ABSTRACT: This series of interviews with several academic researchers and voting advocates across the U. S. weighs the merits of Ohio’s current primary election system in non-presidential primaries. It reflects the conflict between those who regard primaries as an internal nomination process by the several political parties and those who regard them as vehicles whereby all voters reduce their candidate choices to the most viable, competitive few. Ohio’s semi-open partisan primary system met with admiration from many respondents who compared it to the alternatives. Only a few recommended that Ohio consider a top-two system or another alternative which would do away with primaries altogether. Interviewees unanimously cautioned would-be reformers, also, against the likelihood of unspecified, unintended consequences which could accompany any change. Several secondary changes might also improve Ohio’s primary election system, according to most. Mandatory Board of Election distribution of an inclusive Voter Guide and turning Election Day into a holiday were most frequently mentioned. Many other useful suggestions emerged, including even several not on the questionnaire. Some even argued for expanded, constructive involvement of political parties. Leagues of Women Voters in ten or twelve states are studying or already involved in advocacy for primary election reforms. This report documents responses from several state Leagues, although several of the most involved state Leagues did not respond to the survey. In general, Leagues tended to take a realistic rather than an abstract academic view of reforms, especially those that were still studying the issue. -
How to Run Pandemic-Sustainable Elections: Lessons Learned from Postal Voting
How to run pandemic-sustainable elections: Lessons learned from postal voting Hanna Wass1*, Johanna Peltoniemi1, Marjukka Weide,1,2 Miroslav Nemčok3 1 Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Helsinki, Finland 2 Department of Social Sciences and Philosophy, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Jyväskylä, Finland 3 Department of Political Science, University of Oslo * Correspondence: [email protected] Keywords: pandemic elections, postponing elections, electoral reform, voter facilitation, convenience voting, postal voting Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic has made it clear that the traditional “booth, ballot, and pen” model of voting, based on a specific location and physical presence, may not be feasible during a health crisis. This situation has highlighted the need to assess whether existing national electoral legislation includes enough instruments to ensure citizens’ safety during voting procedures, even under the conditions of a global pandemic. Such instruments, often grouped under the umbrella of voter facilitation or convenience voting, range from voting in advance and various forms of absentee voting (postal, online, and proxy voting) to assisted voting and voting at home and in hospitals and other healthcare institutions. While most democracies have implemented at least some form of voter facilitation, substantial cross-country differences still exist. In the push to develop pandemic- sustainable elections in different institutional and political contexts, variation in voter facilitation makes it possible to learn from country-specific experiences. As accessibility and inclusiveness are critical components of elections for ensuring political legitimacy and accountability, particularly in times of crisis, these lessons are of utmost importance. In this study, we focus on Finland, where the Parliament decided in March 2021 to postpone for two months the municipal elections that were originally scheduled to be held on April 18. -
Impact on Issues 2018-2020 a GUIDE to PUBLIC POLICY POSITIONS
LEAGUE OF WOMEN VOTERS Paperback Book ® OF THE UNITEDCover Template STATES IMPACT8.5” XON 11” Book ISSUES 2018-2020(215.9mm X 279.4mm) A Guide to Public Policy Positions 0.25” Spine Width (6.292mm) White Paper Front 8.5” x 11” 1730 M Street, NW, Washington, DC 20036 I 202.429.1965 I lwv.org (215.9mm x 279.4mm) Impact on Issues 2018-2020 A GUIDE TO PUBLIC POLICY POSITIONS Introduction 2 Environmental Protection and Pollution Control 54 Taking Action: Working Together Air Quality 55 to Influence Public Policy 3 Water Resources 56 Principles 6 Solid Waste 57 Nuclear Waste 58 Summary of Policy Positions 7 Climate Change 63 REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT 10 Public Participation 64 Voting Rights 13 Agriculture Policies 65 Citizen’s Right to Vote 13 DC Self-Government and SOCIAL POLICY 68 Full Voting Representation 19 Equality of Opportunity 68 The Election Process 20 Employment 69 Apportionment 20 Fair Housing 70 Redistricting 21 Nondiscrimination & Affirmative Action 70 Money in Politics (formerly Pay Equity 71 Campaign Finance) 23 Equal Rights for Women 71 Selection of the President 28 Same Gender Equality 72 Citizen Rights 29 Education 72 Citizen’s Right to Know/ Citizen Participation 29 Federal Role in Public Education 75 Individual Liberties 31 Fiscal Policy 76 Constitutional Amendment Proposals 32 Health Care 78 Constitutional Conventions 32 Immigration 81 Public Policy on Reproductive Choices 33 Meeting Basic Human Needs 82 Congress and the Presidency 35 Income Assistance 83 Congress 35 Housing Supply 84 The Presidency 36 Transportation 84 -
Review Essay Assessing California’S Hybrid Democracy
5 HASEN FINAL.DOC 10/21/2009 8:56 AM Review Essay Assessing California’s Hybrid Democracy The Coming Age of Direct Democracy: California’s Recall and Beyond. By Mark Baldassare† & Cheryl Katz††. Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield Publishers, 2007. Pp. 247. $72.00 cloth; $24.95 paper. Democracy by Initiative: Shaping California’s Fourth Branch of Government. By the Center for Governmental Studies†††, second edition, 2008. Pp. 402. Available for download without charge online at http://cgs.org/images/publications/cgs_dbi_full_book_f.pdf, or by hard copy through request to the Center for Governmental Studies. Party of One: Arnold Schwarzenegger and the Rise of the Independent Voter. By Daniel Weintraub††††. Sausalito, CA: Polipoint Press, 2007. Pp. 235. $19.95 hardcover. Reviewed by Richard L. Hasen††††† INTRODUCTION In the early part of this decade, it appeared that California voters stood to use the devices of direct democracy—the initiative, referendum, and the recall—to take a more major role in crafting the state’s public policy. In 2003 California for the first time recalled a sitting governor, Gray Davis, and replaced him with actor-bodybuilder Arnold Schwarzenegger.1 Copyright © 2009 California Law Review, Inc. California Law Review, Inc. (CLR) is a California nonprofit corporation. CLR and the authors are solely responsible for the content of their publications. † President and Chief Executive Officer, Public Policy Institute of California. Ph.D., Sociology, University of California, Berkeley; M.A., Sociology, University of California, Santa Barbara. †† Independent public opinion researcher and journalist. ††† Non-profit, non-partisan organization focused on enhancing individuals’ participation in their communities and governments. -
Convenience Voting
ANRV344-PL11-19 ARI 28 January 2008 15:20 V I E E W R S I E N C N A D V A Convenience Voting Paul Gronke, Eva Galanes-Rosenbaum, Peter A. Miller, and Daniel Toffey Department of Political Science and The Early Voting Information Center, Reed College, Portland, Oregon 97202; email: [email protected]; [email protected] Annu. Rev. Polit. Sci. 2008. 11:437–55 Key Terms The Annual Review of Political Science is online at early voting, absentee voting, turnout, election administration, http://polisci.annualreviews.org elections, vote by mail This article’s doi: 10.1146/annurev.polisci.11.053006.190912 Abstract Copyright c 2008 by Annual Reviews. ! Forms of convenience voting—early in-person voting, voting by All rights reserved mail, absentee voting, electronic voting, and voting by fax—have be- 1094-2939/08/0615-0437$20.00 come the mode of choice for >30% of Americans in recent elections. Despite this, and although nearly every state in the United States has adopted at least one form of convenience voting, the academic re- search on these practices is unequally distributed across important questions. A great deal of literature on turnout is counterbalanced by a dearth of research on campaign effects, election costs, ballot quality, and the risk of fraud. This article introduces the theory of convenience voting, reviews the current literature, and suggests areas for future research. 437 ANRV344-PL11-19 ARI 28 January 2008 15:20 INTRODUCTION voting.2 Every convenience voting method Convenience voting is typically understood aims to give potential voters easier access to to mean any mode of balloting other than the ballot, even if, in some cases, it might mean precinct-place voting. -
Deadline for Filing Declaration of Party Affiliation Forms Is Wednesday, April 14, 2021
UNION COUNTY BOARD OF ELECTIONS PUBLIC NOTICE TO VOTERS OF UNION COUNTY PRIMARY ELECTION PARTY DECLARATION INFORMATION State Law requires that certain voters file a Declaration of Party Affiliation form no later than 55 days before the date of the Primary Election in order to vote in that election. The Primary Election will be held on Tuesday, June 8, 2021. Therefore, voters who are required to file these forms must complete a Declaration of Party Affiliation form and file it with the Commissioner of Registration or the Municipal Clerk no later than April 14, 2020 in order to be eligible to vote in the Primary Election. YOU MUST FILE A DECLARATION OF PARTY AFFILIATION FORM IF YOU WISH TO VOTE IN THE PRIMARY ELECTION OF A POLITICAL PARTY OTHER THAN THE PARTY WITH WHICH YOU ARE CURRENTLY AFFILIATED. You need not file a Declaration of Party Affiliation form by April 14, 2021 in order to vote in the June 8, 2021 Primary Election if: 1. You are currently affiliated with the political party in whose primary you wish to vote. 2. You have never declared a political party, and have never previously voted in a primary election. You may declare your party affiliation at the polling place on the day of the Primary Election. Your choice of party affiliation can then be changed only if you complete a Declaration of Party Affiliation form and file it with the Commissioner of Registration or the Municipal Clerk. 3. You are a newly registered voter and the June 8, 2021 Primary Election is the first primary at which you are eligible to vote. -
Open Primaries Could Further Diminish Parties While Boosting Independent Groups
Open Primaries Could Further Diminish Parties While Boosting Independent Groups JEFF BRINDLE • 04/13/18 3:16 pm Colorado is about to put into place a misguided plan that could further weaken an already ailing political party system. Over the opposition of the state’s political parties, the voters approved Proposition 108 in 2016. This measure ushers in an era of open primaries in the Western State. For Colorado’s voters who are registered members of a political party, the move will dilute their ability to select candidates who best represent their views in the general election. Even more worrisome is the fact that Colorado’s Proposition 108 is the result of a national campaign, whose efforts, if successful, could destroy the party system in much of America. Fortunately, New Jersey isn’t likely to embrace such a transformation anytime soon. New Jersey isn’t one of the 26 states plus the District of Columbia that allow voters to put questions on the public ballot. Only the Legislature has that ability and until now has shown no inclination to put such a sweeping change before voters. In Colorado, party members now must share the responsibility of picking a general election candidate with unaffiliated voters who may decide to vote in one party’s primary this year and another party primary the next. These unaffiliated voters don’t have a real stake in the party’s governmental philosophy or platforms. Without having any tie to a political party, 1.4 million unaffiliated voters in Colorado will get to influence the selection of a party’s general election candidates. -
Catana Barnes Independent Voters of Nevada Testimony to PCEA
August, 2013 To: The Members of the Commission on Election Administration From: Catana L Barnes, President, Independent Voters of Nevada RE: Statement for Public Comment Dear Members, My name is Catana L Barnes; I am the founder and president of Independent Voters of Nevada. We represent the 251,462 voters (18 percent of the electorate) in Nevada who are registered to vote as independents. I am also here to present statements from independent leaders from Arizona, California, Oregon and Utah as they could not be here today to present their statements to you personally. Independents are independents for specific reasons. We don’t like the gridlock created by party ideologies and we don’t want to be controlled by a party. However, because election administration is organized along bipartisan lines, we face barriers which prevent us from fully participating. In Nevada, independents are subject to a designation by election administrators as “nonpartisans”. There are many states in fact where independents are not able to register simply as independent. Instead, election administrators call them “undeclared” “unaffiliated, “declined to state” and “other”. This nomenclature reflects the partisan bias of that runs throughout the election administration systems nationwide. Independents, who again comprise 18% of the electorate in Nevada, are excluded from voting in the primary elections because, like 18 other states, our primary elections are closed to any voter who is not a Democrat or a Republican. This is despite the fact our tax dollars contribute to funding the primary elections. This is unacceptable. In addition, independents in Nevada and in other states do not receive timely information about the elections or voting rights. -
Unfolding the Concept of Convenience Voting: Definition, Types, Benefits and Barriers
TALLINN UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY School of Business and Governance Department of Ragnar Nurkse Grace Muthoni Muchiri Unfolding the Concept of Convenience Voting: Definition, Types, Benefits and Barriers. Master’s thesis HAGM; Technology Governance and Digital Transformation Supervisor: Prof. Dr. Dr. Robert Krimmer Co-supervisors: Dr. David Duenas- Cid, PhD Iuliia Krivonosova Tallinn 2021 I hereby declare that I have compiled the thesis independently and all works, important standpoints and data by other authors have been properly referenced and the same paper has not been previously presented for grading. The document length is 13567 words from the introduction to the end of conclusion. Grace Muthoni Muchiri ……………………………10.05.2021 Student code: 194561HAGM Student e-mail address: [email protected] Supervisor: Prof. Dr Dr Robert Krimmer The paper conforms to requirements in force …………………………………………… (signature, date) Co-supervisor: Dr. David Duenas- Cid, PhD The paper conforms to requirements in force …………………………………………… (signature, date) Co-supervisor: Iuliia Krivonosova The paper conforms to requirements in force …………………………………………… (signature, date) Chairman of the Defence Committee: Permitted to the defence. ………………………………… (name, signature, date) 2 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I am indebted to my supportive parents, George Muchiri and Loise Njeri for their support and encouragement through this process. A special thanks of gratitude to my supervisors: Prof Dr Dr Robert Krimmer, Dr David Dueñas Cid and Iuliia Krivonosova who have continuously and graciously offered me guidance and support in writing this thesis. Your thorough guidance and friendly approach in instilling the skills of a researcher in me have gone a long way in building my academic profile. You all are very exceptional. -
The Impact of E-Mail on the Use of New Convenience Voting Methods and Turnout by Overseas Voters: a Field Experiment to Address Their Challenges with New Technology
ELECTION LAW JOURNAL Volume 14, Number 2, 2015 # Mary Ann Liebert, Inc. DOI: 10.1089/elj.2014.0266 The Impact of E-mail on the Use of New Convenience Voting Methods and Turnout by Overseas Voters: A Field Experiment to Address Their Challenges with New Technology Michael Hanmer, Paul S. Herrnson, and Claire Smith ABSTRACT Research on absentee and early voting laws has led many scholars to conclude that these convenience vot- ing methods do little to boost turnout. But most of this work has evaluated these methods well after their implementation and without consideration for how information campaigns about them might alter voter behavior. Voter mobilization research shows that impersonal communications produce little-to-no effect on turnout. But we know much less about how mobilization might influence changes in the method of vot- ing. Using a field experiment during the 2010 midterm primary and general elections in Maryland, we dem- onstrate that e-mail messages with concise subject lines that appeal to relevant reference groups combined with an easy-to-use electronic absentee ballot delivery system, increase the likelihood that overseas voters will use a new technology when they participate in elections. Our findings have scholarly and practical implications for election reform, campaign communications, and voter mobilization. ith the rise of convenience voting communication techniques to encourage their sup- W reforms, such as early voting and no-excuse porters to vote using these methods. However, absentee voting, candidates, political parties, and most of the extant literature on convenience voting other political practitioners have sought to gain and mass communications shows that these reforms advantage by using relatively inexpensive mass do not substantially increase participation in elec- tions. -
Under Curieiiflail, .Rnaio.T"R Unaffiliated with a Political Poyment to Circulate This Petitiobecelved
Title: An initiated amendment to the South Dakota Constitution establishing open primary elections. South Dakota Attornev General's Statement: Currently, in order to appear on the general election ballot as a political party's nominee, candidates for the following offices must participate in a partisan primary election: Governor, State Legislature, U.5. Senate and House of Representatives, and elected county offices. On the primary ballot, each candidate is listed with a party designation. Only registered members of the candidate's chosen party may vote for that candidate unless the political party has also opened the primary to voters with no party affiliation. Under curieiiflail, .rnAiO.t"r unaffiliated with a political i (i p pa rty ndepe nd erts) {o^ rpt ha rticipate irrthe rim a ry election. Rather, they appear on the general election ballot by filing proper nominating petitions. For the above offices, this amendment establishes an open primary election for candidates, including independents. All registered voters may vote for any candidate. The two candidates with the most votes advance to the general election. For some offices, more than one candidate is to be elected at the general election. In those instances, two candidates will advance to the general election for each position to be filled. lf this amendment is adopted, State election laws will need to be changed or be subject to challenge under the U.S. Constitution. Sponsor: De Knudson 605.310.4367 knudsonl@)sio.mrdco.net This petition circulator is o volunteer and is not receiving poyment to circulate this petitioBECElVED AUG 2 3 2017 S.D. -
How Do I Change My Party Affiliation? Can I Vote for Any Candidate I
How do I change my Party affiliation? No, no-not that kind of party! Your political party…Many people ask how they can change their party and some don’t even realize that they have prompted a change. Any time you vote a party ballot in a Partisan Primary Election your party affiliation changes accordingly. Under Ohio election law, you can only change your political party affiliation in a Partisan Primary Election. This is done by requesting the ballot type for the political party with which you wish to be affiliated (Ohio Revised Code Section 3513.19 and 3513.20). Once your vote is cast your party affiliation cannot be changed again until the next Partisan Primary Election. Some people may be concerned about their party affiliation so be careful when requesting a ballot in a Partisan Primary Election. If you request a ballot to vote for a candidate in a different party than that which you are currently associated with your party affiliation will change to the new party. Can I vote for any Candidate I choose regardless of my party? Yes, in a General Election you can vote for any candidate you are comfortable with regardless of your party affiliation and it won’t affect your attachment to your current party. Only in a Partisan Primary Election can a vote for a different party change your party status. A party affiliation simply means you are associated with that political party because of the party ballot you voted in the last Partisan Primary Election. You have an Option! If you don’t wish to have a party affiliation and want to be considered an unaffiliated voter, or as some consider an “Independent Voter”, then you need to not vote a party ballot in a Partisan Primary Election.