San Diego History Center Is One of the Largest and Oldest Historical Organizations on the West Coast

The Journal of JournalThe of History San Diego

Volume 62 Spring 2016 Number 2 • The Journal of San Diego History © The Journal of San Diego History

Founded in 1928 as the San Diego Historical Society, today’s San Diego History Center is one of the largest and oldest historical organizations on the West Coast. It houses vast regionally significant collections of objects, photographs, documents, films, oral histories, historic clothing, paintings, and other works of art. The San Diego History Center operates two major facilities in national historic landmark districts: The Research Library and History Museum in Balboa Park and the Serra Museum in Presidio Park. The San Diego History Center presents dynamic changing exhibitions that tell the diverse stories of San Diego’s past, present, and future, and it provides educational programs for K-12 schoolchildren as well as adults and families.

www.sandiegohistory.org

Front Cover: Collage of photos from the San Diego Zoo. Photos by Allen Wynar.

Back Cover: Original zoo cages remaining from the 1915 Panama California Exposition. San Diego Zoo, Balboa Park Aerial, 1921. ©SDHC #S-22.

Design and Layout: Allen Wynar

Printing: Crest Offset Printing

Editorial Assistants: Cynthia van Stralen Travis Degheri Joey Seymour

Articles appearing in The Journal of San Diego History are abstracted and indexed in Historical Abstracts and America: History and Life.

The paper in the publication meets the minimum requirements of American National Standard for Information Science-Permanence of Paper for Printed Library Materials, ANSI Z39.48-1984. The Journal of San Diego History

IRIS H. W. ENGSTRAND MOLLY McCLAIN Editors

THEODORE STRATHMAN DAVID MILLER Review Editors

Published since 1955 by the SAN DIEGO HISTORICAL SOCIETY 1649 El Prado, Balboa Park, San Diego, California 92101 ISSN 0022-4383 The Journal of San Diego History

VOLUME 62 SPRING 2016 NUMBER 2

Editorial Consultants Published quarterly by the San Diego History Center at 1649 El Prado, Balboa MATTHEW BOKOVOY Park, San Diego, California 92101. University of Nebraska Press A $60.00 annual membership in the WILLIAM DEVERELL San Diego History Center includes University of Southern California; subscription to The Journal of San Director, Huntington-USC Institute Diego History and the SDHC Times. of California and the West All back issues are accessible at www. VICTOR GERACI sandiegohistory.org. University of California, Berkeley Articles and book reviews for publication consideration, as well as DONALD H. HARRISON editorial correspondence, should be Publisher, San Diego Jewish World addressed to Editors, The Journal of San J. MICHAEL KELLY Diego History, Department of History, Committee of 100 Balboa Park University of San Diego, 5998 Alcalá Park, San Diego, CA 92110 ROGER W. LOTCHIN University of North Carolina Chapel Hill All article submissons should be computer generated, double-spaced JOHN PUTMAN with endnotes, and follow the Chicago San Diego State University Manual of Style. Authors should ANDREW ROLLE submit an electronic copy in Microsoft The Huntington Library Word. Photographs must be submitted separately at 300ppi. ROGER SHOWLEY The San Diego Union-Tribune The San Diego History Center assumes no responsibility for the statements or ABE SHRAGGE opinions of the authors or reviewers. Independent Historian ©2016 by the San Diego History Center RAYMOND STARR ISSN 0022-4383 San Diego State University, emeritus Periodicals postage paid at San Diego, CA Publication No. 331-870 PHOEBE S. K. YOUNG (619) 232-6203 University of Colorado at Boulder www.sandiegohistory.org

Note: For a change of address, please call (619) 232-6203 ext. 102 or email [email protected]

CONTENTS

VOLUME 62 SPRING 2016 NUMBER 2

ARTICLES

The San Diego Zoo after 100 years

Sarah Matteson

105

Cosoy: The Birthplace of New California

Geoffrey Mogilner

131

A Big Man with Big Plans: The Life and Death of George Cooke Nancy Carol Carter

159

The Cuyamaca Water Company Partnership: Colorful New Scenes from San Diego’s Water History

Bill Farley

181

BOOK REVIEWS

203

EXHIBIT REVIEWS

207

iii

213 The Journal of San Diego History

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214 215 The Journal of San Diego History

EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR Gayle Hom Kim Fletcher William Lawrence Lucy C. Jackson Tom Karlo John Morrell Bob Kelly BOARD OF TRUSTEES Ann Navarra Helen Kinnaird Thompson Fetter, President Susan B. Peinado Yvonne W. Larsen Joe Craver, Vice President Sandra Perlatti David Malcolm Robert J. Watkins, Vice President Kay Porter Seth W. Mallios, Ph.D. Frank Alessi, Treasurer Margie Warner Rana Sampson Ann Hill, Secretary Allan Wasserman Hon. Lynn Schenk Robert F. Adelizzi, President Emeritus Tom Wornham Drew Schlosberg Hal Sadler FAIA, President Emeritus Roger Zucchet Mary L. Walshok, Ph.D. TRUSTEES Stephen B. Williams ADVISORY BOARD Chuck Bieler Hon. Pete Wilson Malin Burnham Richard Bregante Karin E. Winner Thomas A. Caughlan, USMC, Ret. Ray Carpenter M. Wayne Donaldson, FAIA Debra Cushman-Parrish Iris Engstrand, Ph.D. Dan Eaton

INDIVIDUAL GIFTS The San Diego History Center gratefully acknowledges the generous support of individuals contributing above $1,000 since May 1, 2015-May 1, 2016. Mr. and Mrs. Robert Adelizzi Mr. and Mrs. Philip Gildred Mrs. Kay Porter Mr. and Mrs. Frank Alessi Mr. and Mrs. George Gildred Allison and Robert Price Mr. and Mrs. Dominic Alessio Mrs. Jacqueline M. Gillman Mr. and Mrs. M. Lea Rudee Mr. and Mrs. Willis Allen Ms. Connie K. Golden Mr. and Mrs. Hal Sadler Mr. and Mrs. C. Neil Ash Mr. James M. Hall Laurie and Rowan Sefton-Hanson Mr. and Mrs. Charles Bieler Mrs. Ann Hill and Dr. John D. Hill Mr. John Thornton Mr. and Mrs. Richard Bregante Ms. Gayle Hom Mr. Albert E. Trepte Mr. and Mrs. Malin Burnham Dr. and Mrs. Oliver Jones Dr. Robert D. Wallace Mr. and Mrs. David Canedo Mr. and Mrs. Webster Kinnaird Dr. Mary L. Walshok, PhD Mr. Ray Carpenter Ms. Janet Klauber Mrs. Nell Waltz Mrs. Jane Cowgill Mr. Peter R. LaDow Mr. and Mrs. John H. Warner Mr. and Mrs. Joe W. Craver Mr. and Mrs. William Lawrence Mr. and Mrs. Allan Wasserman Ms. Debra Cushman-Parrish Pamela Hamilton Lester and Mr. and Mrs. Bob Watkins Mr. Tom and Ms. Berit Durier James Lester Mr. and Mrs. James Wiesler Mr. Dan Eaton Mr. and Mrs. Edward C. Malone Mrs. B.J. Williams Mr. and Mrs. Jim Elliott Mr. and Mrs. James Milch Mr. and Mrs. Stephen Williams Mrs. Anne L. Evans Mr. and Mrs. Scott McMillin The Honorable Pete Wilson and Mr. and Mrs. Thompson Fetter Mr. and Mrs. John Morrell Mrs. Gayle Wilson Mr. Nicholas M. Fintzelberg Ms. Ann Navarra Ms. Karin E. Winner Mr. and Mrs. Kim Fletcher Ms. Sandra Perlatti Mr. Thomas Wornham

CORPORATE AND FOUNDATION SUPPORT The San Diego History Center gratefully acknowledges the generous support of businesses and foundations contributing above $1,000 since May 1, 2015-May 1, 2016. Alfred C. Berner Estate Higgs, Fletcher & Mack, LLP Rotary Club of San Diego Allison and Robert Price Family Foundation The Historic Spreckels Theater and Building The Ruth Lane Charitable Foundation The Arthur and Jeanette Pratt Memorial Fund I. Lehman Trust Samuel and Katherine French Fund Bank of America Jerome’s Furniture Samuel I. and John Henry Fox Foundation BB&T John Burnham Insurance Las Patronas San Diego County Veterinary Medical The Beatrice F. Knott Estate Layer 3 Security Services Association Bert’s Office Trailers The Legler Benbough Foundation San Diego Gas & Electric BrightView Landscape Development Lindsey Veterinary Hospital San Diego Historical Society Endowment Carmel Mountain Ranch Veterinary MA Engineers Fund Hospital Marian and Walter Trevor, Jane Trevor Scott Fence Company The Chase Group Fetter and Thompson Fetter Fund The Sheryl and Harvey White Foundation Chula Vista Electric Meyer Charitable Foundation Silvani Decedent’s Trust B City of San Diego Commission for Milburn Family Estate Spreckels Properties LLC Arts and Culture New School of Architecture Thomas C. Ackerman Foundation Concrete Contractors Interstate The Paper Company The Thursday Club The Corky McMillin Companies The Parker Foundation Turner Construction Company County of San Diego Patrons of the Prado U.S. Bank Cushman Foundation The Paula B. and Oliver W. Jones Family Union Bank of California David C. Copley Foundation Foundation VCA Inc. De Falco Family Foundation, Inc. Paul Bechtner Foundation VCA Emergency Animal Hospital & Duane Morris LLP Philip Klauber Estate Referral Center Ed and Mary Fletcher Fund Phyllis H. Paul Trust VCA Animal Specialty Group The Favrot Fund Price Philanthropies Foundation VCA Eye Clinic for Animals Fidelity National Title Insurance Quest for Truth Foundation Veterinary Specialty Hospital Fortress Fence and Landscape Design RJC Architects Wells Fargo Bank Hazard Construction Co. The Robert David Lion Gardiner Willis Towers Watson Heartland Meat Co. Foundation, Inc. The Heller Foundation of San Diego Robinson Electric

216 The San Diego History Center gratefully acknowledges the generosity of the Robert D.L. Gardiner Foundation and the Quest for Truth Foundation for their ongoing support of The Journal of San Diego History

Contributions to support The Journal may also be made to The Journal of San Diego History Fund at