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Methodist Allegiance in South Nottinghamshire Parishes 1770-1875

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Methodist Allegiance in South Nottinghamshire Parishes 1770-1875 METHODIST ALLEGIANCE IN SOUTH NOTTINGHAMSHIRE PARISHES 1770-1875 Anne C. Woodcock, BA. LLB. MA. Thesis submitted to the University of Nottingham for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy July 2015 Abstract This study considers the nature of Methodist allegiance in four south Nottinghamshire parishes from the arrival of the denomination in the late eighteenth or early nineteenth century until about 1875. In this area, Methodism became strongly established against an inadequate Anglican church but nevertheless most individuals did not exhibit an exclusive commitment. Using records from the Newark, subsequently Bingham, Wesleyan Methodist circuit, relating to the Societies in three medium-sized villages and one small market town, and looking particularly at Methodist membership and decisions regarding choice of baptismal rite, the research shows the existence of both exogenous growth and continuing fluidity of allegiance from the early period until well beyond the mid-century point of the religious census. It demonstrates a previously unidentified, significant turnover in Methodist membership throughout the period, which occurred irrespective of apparent growth, stability or decline. This lends support to the growing body of evidence about both varying and dual denominational allegiance, in particular between the Wesleyan chapel and the parish church. The research further confirms this phenomenon in relation to baptismal decisions, where some committed Methodist families continued to use the Anglican rite and many varied their choice for different children. In investigating these facets of religious life, the study also establishes the existence of emerging religious competition during the nineteenth century, evidenced additionally in competitive church building, service patterns and the provision of education. Only by the last quarter of the century were denominational boundaries clearly hardening, particularly in the town of Bingham, but this thesis demonstrates that until then allegiance was neither exclusive nor consistent. i Acknowledgements I take this opportunity to express my thanks to the many people who have assisted me: to Professor John Beckett for his valuable guidance and encouragement; to members of the Methodist Chapel in Cropwell Butler for originally inspiring the topic and expressing continued interest; to the Grantham & Vale of Belvoir Methodist circuit and members of other Chapels for the loan of Chapel deeds and access to various original documents; to my daughter Becky and her partner Rich for the much appreciated diversion of grandchildren and crucial technical assistance at various points; to my son James and his partner Rachel for a wide range of useful suggestions and for frequently boosting my confidence; and most of all to my husband David for his advice (and particular assistance on applying the three-point estimation technique) but more significantly for his love and support and for patiently enduring over many years the intrusion of my research into our lives both at home and on holiday. ii Contents List of Tables iv List of Figures viii List of Maps and Illustrations ix List of Abbreviations x Introduction 1 Chapter 1: Literature Review 6 Chapter 2: South Nottinghamshire Parishes and Methodology 61 Chapter 3: The Arrival of Methodism 109 Chapter 4: Wesleyan Methodist Consolidation 151 Chapter 5: Religious Competition 207 Chapter 6: Religious Competition in Education 251 Chapter 7: The Religious Census 280 Chapter 8: Competition after the Census 312 Chapter 9: Divided Loyalties 360 Conclusion 413 Bibliography 431 iii List of Tables 2.1 Bingham and Rushcliffe Hundreds sorted by population 68 2.2 Comparative Features: Bingham and Rushcliffe Hundreds 78 2.3 Types of Circuit, Chapel and Parish Records 82 2.4 Categories for Record Collections 84 2.5 Selection of Parishes within Bingham and Rushcliffe Hundreds 88 3.1 Flintham Land Tax Division prior to Redemption 115 3.2 Flintham’s Leading Resident Villagers 1794-1814 118 3.3 Cropwell Bishop Land Tax Division prior to Redemption 122 3.4 Cropwell Bishop’s Leading Resident Villagers 1795-1818 125 3.5 Cropwell Butler Land Tax Division prior to Redemption 131 3.6 Cropwell Butler’s Leading Resident Villagers 1775-1815 134 3.7 Bingham Land Tax Division prior to Redemption 140 3.8 Bingham’s Leading Resident Townspeople 1770-1814 144 4.1 Flintham Wesleyan Society Membership Changes 1806-10 158 4.2 Flintham Wesleyan Society: Membership Span of New 159 Members 1809 4.3 Reasons for leaving Flintham Wesleyan Society 1837-1851 160 4.4 Membership Span of Families in Flintham Wesleyan Society 161 1802-1832 4.5 Cropwell Bishop Wesleyan Society Membership Changes 167 1806-10 4.6 Cropwell Bishop Wesleyan Society: Membership Span of New 169 Members 1806 4.7 Reasons for leaving Cropwell Bishop Wesleyan Society 170 1837-1851 4.8 Membership Span of Families in Cropwell Bishop Wesleyan 171 Society 1803-1832 4.9 Cropwell Butler Wesleyan Society Membership Changes 177 1806-10 4.10 Reasons for Leaving Cropwell Butler Wesleyan Society 180 1837-1851 4.11 Membership Span of Families in Cropwell Butler Wesleyan 181 Society 1794-1832 4.12 Bingham Wesleyan Society Membership Changes 1805-09 187 iv 4.13 Bingham Wesleyan Society: Membership Span of New 190 Members 1805 4.14 Reasons for Leaving Bingham Wesleyan Society 1837-1851 191 4.15 Membership Span of Families in Bingham Wesleyan Society 192 1794-1832 4.16 Type of Growth in Wesleyan Societies up to 1830 199 4.17 Turnover in Membership in Wesleyan Societies 1837-1851 202 5.1 Service Pattern in Flintham 1841-1851 215 5.2 Accommodation in Places of Worship in Flintham 1801-1851 215 5.3 Changes in Baptismal Practices of Flintham Wesleyan 217 Methodists 1832-1863 5.4 Service Pattern in Cropwell Bishop 1841-1851 220 5.5 Accommodation in Places of Worship in Cropwell Bishop 221 1801-1851 5.6 Changes in Baptismal Practices of Cropwell Bishop Wesleyan 222 Methodists 1841-1866 5.7 Service Pattern in Cropwell Butler and Tithby 1841-1851 228 5.8 Accommodation in Places of Worship in Cropwell Butler 229 and Tithby 1801-1851 5.9 Changes in Baptismal Practices of Cropwell Butler Wesleyan 231 Methodists 1833-1857 5.10 Service Pattern in Bingham 1841-1851 238 5.11 Accommodation in Places of Worship in Bingham 1801-1851 239 5.12 Changes in Baptismal Practices of Bingham Wesleyan 241 Methodists 1831-1865 5.13 Bingham Wesleyan Methodists using only Methodist Baptism 243 1796-1853 5.14 Wesleyan Families using Methodist Baptisms Exclusively: 247 First Baptism up to 1855 5.15 Wesleyan Families varying Baptismal Practice up to 1855 248 7.1 Mann: Comparison of Bingham Attendances 1851 282 7.2 Inglis: Comparison of Bingham Attendances 1851 283 7.3 Pickering: Comparison of Bingham Attendances 1851 283 7.4 Watts: Comparison of Bingham Attendances 1851 284 v 7.5 Formulae for Comparing Bingham Attendances 1851 as 284 Percentage of Total Population 7.6 Bingham Attendances 1851 using Three Point 285 Estimation Technique 7.7 Comparison of Flintham Attendances 1851 288 7.8 Service Pattern in Flintham 1851 291 7.9 Comparison of Cropwell Bishop Attendances 1851 292 7.10 Service Pattern in Cropwell Bishop 1851 294 7.11 Comparison of Cropwell Butler and Tithby Attendances 1851 296 7.12 Service Pattern in Cropwell Butler and Tithby 1851 299 7.13 Comparison of Bingham Attendances 1851 301 7.14 Service Pattern in Bingham 1851 304 7.15 Comparison of Attendances as Percentage of Population 305 7.16 Comparison of Anglican and Combined Methodist Attendances 306 as Percentage of Population 7.17 Comparison between Wesleyan Methodist Likely and Actual 308 Attendance 7.18 Comparison of Points of Competing Services 308 7.19 Comparison of Number of Services 309 8.1 Flintham Wesleyan Membership and Population 1851-1881 315 8.2 Reasons for leaving Flintham Wesleyan Society 1851-1875 316 8.3 Flintham Primitive Membership and Population 1851-1881 318 8.4 Cropwell Bishop Wesleyan Membership and Population 324 1851-1881 8.5 Reasons for leaving Cropwell Bishop Wesleyan Society 325 1851-1875 8.6 Cropwell Butler Wesleyan Membership and Population 331 1851-1881 8.7 Reasons for leaving Cropwell Butler Wesleyan Society 332 1851-1875 8.8 Bingham Wesleyan Membership and Population 1851-1881 340 8.9 Reasons for leaving Bingham Wesleyan Society 1851-1875 341 8.10 Membership and Population Changes in Wesleyan and 353 One Primitive Society 1851-1881 8.11 Turnover in Membership in Wesleyan Societies 1851-1875 354 vi 9.1 Flintham Leading Wesleyan Methodists 1850-1875 364 9.2 Changes in Baptismal Practices of Flintham Wesleyan 365 Methodists 1850-1882 9.3 Exclusive Baptismal Practices of Flintham Wesleyan 368 Methodists 1850-1874 9.4 Cropwell Bishop Leading Wesleyan Methodists 1850-1875 371 9.5 Changes in Baptismal Practices of Cropwell Bishop 374 Wesleyan Methodists 1850-1881 9.6 Exclusive Baptismal Practices of Cropwell Bishop Wesleyan 376 Methodists 1850-1888 9.7 Cropwell Butler Leading Wesleyan Methodists 1850-1875 380 9.8 Changes in Baptismal Practices of Cropwell Butler 382 Wesleyan Methodists 1850-1879 9.9 Exclusive Baptismal Practices of Cropwell Butler Wesleyan 385 Methodists 1850-1876 9.10 Changes in Baptismal Practices of Cropwell Butler Primitive 388 Methodists 1850-1880 9.11 Exclusive Baptismal Practices of Cropwell Butler Primitive 389 Methodists 1850-1877 9.12 Bingham Leading Wesleyan Methodists 1850-1875 392 9.13 Changes in Baptismal Practices of Bingham Wesleyan 395 Methodists 1850-1883 9.14 Exclusive Baptismal Practices of Bingham Wesleyan 398 Methodists 1850-94 9.15 Comparison of
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