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The Red Panda, Olingos, Coatis, Raccoons, and Their Relatives

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The Red Panda, Olingos, Coatis, Raccoons, and Their Relatives Status Survey and Conservation Action Plan for Procyonids and Ailurids The Red Panda, Olingos, Coatis, Raccoons, and their Relatives (In English and Spanish) Compiled by Angela R. Glatston IUCNESC Mustelid, Viverrid, and Procyonid Specialist Group IUCNTheWorld Conservation Union SPECIES SURVIVAL COMMISSION Suhwte qf Omn WWF aimgo Zoological society = - 0 = The Red Panda, Olingos, Coatis, Raccoons, and their Relatives was made possible through the generous support of: Chicago Zoological Society DEJA, Inc. International Fur Trade Federation People’s Trust for Endangered Species Peter Scott IUCNSSC Action Plan Fund (Sultanate of Oman) Royal Rotterdam Zoological and Botanical Gardens World Wide Fund for Nature 0 1994 International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources Reproduction of this publication for educational and other non-commercial purposes is authorized without permission from the copyright holder, provided the source is cited and the copyright holder receives a copy of the reproduced material. Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without prior written permission of the copyright holder. ISBN 2-8317-0046-9 Published by IUCN, Gland, Switzerland. Camera-ready copy by the Chicago Zoological Society, Brookfield, Illinois 60513, U.S.A. Printed by Kelvyn Press, U.S.A. Cover photo: Styan’s red panda, Ailurus fulgens styani (photo by Takashi Miyake). Contents Contenidos Page Pigina Foreword ........................................................................ V Prijlogo . .46 Acknowledgements ....................................................... vi Agradecimientos . .47 Introduction ................................................................. vii Introduccibn . .48 ... Aims of the Action Plan .......................................... Vlll Los objetivos de este Plan de Action ..................... .49 1. Classification ............................................................. 1 1. Clasificaci6n ............................................................ 51 Overview of the Ailurid and Procyonid Genera.. ...... Description Panoramica de 10s Generos de Ailuridos y Procionidos ............................................ 54 2. Cultural, Economic, and Scientific Values of Procyonids and Ailurids .......................................... 8 2. Los Valores Culturales, Cientificos y Cultural and Economic Significance ........................ .8 Econbmicos de 10s Proci6nidos y Ailiiridos ........ .5 8 Scientific Value of Procyonids and Ailurids ........... 10 Importancia Cultural y Economica .......................... 58 El valor Cientifico de 10s Procionidos 3. Threats to Procyonids and Ailurids ..................... 11 y Ailuridos ................................................................ 60 . Hunting, Trapping and Trading ............................... 11 Habitat Loss and Fragmentation of Habitat.. .......... .12 3. Amenazas a 10s Proci6nidos y Ailiiridos.. ........... .62 Human Factors Affecting Conservation ................. .12 Caza, Trampeo y Comercio ..................................... 62 Threatened Species ................................................... 19 Perdida y Fragmentation de1 Habitat.. .................... .63 Data Sheets for Threatened Species.. ...................... .19 Factores Humanos que Afectan la Conservation. ..6 4 Red Panda ............................................................ 19 Especies Amenazadas .............................................. 70 Bushy-tailed Olingo ............................................ 21 Fichas Tecnicas para las Especies Amenazadas ......7 1 Allen’s Olingo ..................................................... 25 El Panda Rojo ...................................................... 71 Pocock’ s Olingo .................................................. 25 El Olingo de Cola Espesa .................................... 73 Harris . Olingo ...................................................... 25 El Olingo de Allen ............................................... 76 Chiriqui Olingo .................................................... 26 El Olingo de Pocock ............................................ 77 Cacomistle ........................................................... 26 El Olingo de Harris ............................................. 77 White-nosed Coati ............................................... 27 El Olingo Chiriqui ............................................... 78 Cozumel Island Coati .......................................... 29 El Cacomistle ...................................................... 78 Little or Mountain Coati ...................................... 29 El Coati de Hocico Blanc0 .................................. 79 Tres Marias Islands Raccoon .............................. 29 El Coati de la Isla Cozumel ................................. 81 Bahaman Raccoon ............................................... 32 El Coati Pequefio o de Montana .......................... 81 Guadeloupe Raccoon .......................................... 32 El Mapache de las Islas Tres Marias ................. .84 Cozumel Island Raccoon .................................... 33 El Mapache de Bahamas ..................................... 84 Barbados Raccoon ............................................... 33 El Mapache de Guadalupe ..................................z 84 El Mapache de la Isla Cozumel .......................... 85 4. Recommendations .................................................. 34 El Mapache de Barbados ..................................... 85 Taxonomic Research ................................................ 34 Ecological and Ethological Research ..................... .34 4. Recomendaciones ................................................... 86 Captive Breeding ...................................................... 35 Investigation Taxonomica ....................................... 86 Education .................................................................. 37 Investigation Ecologica y Etologica ....................... .86 Conservation Recommendations by Country ......... .37 Cria en Cautiverio .................................................... 87 ,’ Education ................................................................. 89 References .................................................................... 97 Recomendaciones de Conservation por Pais ......... .89 Appendix 1. Distribution Maps ................................. 100 Referencias . .97 Apkndice 1. Distribution Maps . 100 .. III, Foreword The IUCN/SSC Action Plan for Procyonids and Ailurids they are generally appealing to watch and their behavior is, as far as I am aware, unique among such documents in is engaging. This means that they should be an ideal that the impetus for its production began in the zoo com- attraction for visitors, which in turn arouses the interest munity, more specifically in the studbook and breeding and support of the public which can make the difference program activities which stand central to the work of all between the success and failure of a conservation initia- modern zoos. As we approach the 21st century, the role tive. This is even more important when an initiative is of zoological gardens is changing-they are emerging made on behalf of low-profile species, little known to the from their image as exploiters of wildlife into a major force scientist, let alone to politicians and the general public. for nature conservation. This welcome metamorphosis is In this Action Plan we read again and again how little is reflected amply in the links being forged between IUCN known about most of the procyonid and ailurid species. and the zoo world. IUCN/SSC’s Captive Breeding In some of the species discussed, the majority of the facts Specialist Group (CBSG), initiated and funded by zoos, available have been gained from captive studies rather than acts as a catalyst in this process by promoting cooperation field research. This is understandable given the difficulties between in situ conservation and ex situ breeding pro- in observing such cryptic species in the wild. Zoos are grams. The mission of the zoo of the future has been out- potentially tremendous sources of information, a fact lined in the World Zoo Conservation Strategy, recently which is only just being realized both by the zoos them- published jointly by the IUDZG-The World Zoo selves and the research communities. It is to be hoped Organization and CBSG. This Action Plan for the con- that in the future zoos will be more willing to open their servation of procyonids and ailurids demonstrates the real- doors and encourage the activities of scientists, particularly ization of this new philosophy, and it is therefore those interested in small carnivores, and that through their appropriate that it should be published now, shortly after cooperation our knowledge of these species will grow. the appearance of the zoo strategy itself. I would like to conclude by saying that I hope this The procyonids and ailurids, together with mustelids Action Plan achieves its objectives and arouses more inter- and viverrids, are species which could derive consider- est, conservation; and research in this little-known group able benefit from zoos. Although as a group these small of species. I hope its message reaches not only field biol- carnivores are not currently well represented in zoologi- ogists and conservationists, politicians and governments, cal collections around the world, they are nevertheless but also zoo curators and directors and zoo biologists so
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