Foundation Younger users of today's technology will only drive the technology of tomorrow if their education gives them the tools to build it Jack Lang [email protected] Jan 2015 What is a Raspberry Pi?

• Video URL: player.vimeo.com/video/90103691?title=0&b yline=0&portrait=0&color=cccccc Model B+ $35 Applicants for CS at Cambridge

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Year of admission Where Did It All Start?

• Missing Applicants – In around 2005 at Computer firms were expanding – But getting fewer programmers applying for jobs – At first we thought it was something we were doing wrong… • Missing Graduates – Admissions tutors had the same Source: CPHC problem – After 2001, there was a precipitous drop-off in University Computer Science admissions School GCSE Computing decline

Source: http://www.jcq.org.uk Identified Need

• Eric Schmidt (Google CEO) said the country that invented the computer was "throwing away your great computer heritage" by failing to teach programming in schools. "I was flabbergasted to learn that today computer science isn't even taught as standard in UK schools," he said. "Your IT curriculum focuses on teaching how to use software, but gives no insight into how it's made. " • University admissions for CS dropped by 60% since 2000 • Kids have stopped programming – they download • Computing at School group formed http://www.computingatschool.org.uk/ Raspberry Pi history

• Feb 2008 I wrote a manifesto…. • had been experimenting with low cost designs • was thinking about educational software to increase the flow of games programmers • We formed an Educational Charity….(2008) – Six trustees: • JL, Eben Upton, David Braben, Prof , Rob Mullins, Pete Lomas

• Talked to the BBC about using “BBC Micro” as a name… Aims

• Encourage self-directed learning and broaden participation in computing – Blank canvas vs. black box • Low-cost enough to be considered a toy and doesn’t matter too much if you break it – $25 headline price • Small and low-cost enough to be built into larger projects (and interfaces to do so) • Designed and manufactured in the UK Dec: Need funding!

Aug: 50 Alpha boards

Aug: Eric Schmidt 2008 2009 2010 2011 comments

2835 (SoC) tape-out May: BBC Cellan-Jones interview (USB stick format) Raspberry Pi We were committed….

• Cambridge Angels helped with funding • Donations and soft loans Set up web site and web shop – selling stickers (2011) – Open and public project – Competition to design logo – Got some publicity – Liz Upton manages PR and CR • We thought we might sell 10,000 units • Purchased chips for 10,000 units • Found Contract Manufacturer and ordered 2000 • Sold some prototypes on Ebay Xmas 2011 – So we could say we had shipped as promised in 4q11

Business Model Change

• Realised this was bigger than six part-time people • Changed to IPR licensing model • Electrocomponents RS and Premier Farnell came on board as manufacturers and distributors – Bought our stock • Launched 29th Feb 2012 Launch Day Success Disaster

• Took both distributors’ web sites down under the load – Sales peaked at around 700/second – Around 350K orders • Not a development board anymore – CE, FCC RoHS approvals – Volume manufacture • 2 more CMs spun up – one in Wales • Shipped close to 1M units September 2012 manufacturing of RPs in Wales (Sony) “success disaster” 350K pre-orders May: Camera taken. Orders launch limited to one per >4m Raspberry Pi person 1m Raspberry Pi computers sold computers sold March Feb. 2012 2013 2014 2014 Feb. Model A launch Regulatory Hassle

• No longer a development system – Approvals • CE, RoHS, FCC, WEEE, etc etc • MPEG, HDMI licences

• Non-educational use – Charity status and tax implications • Set up Raspberry Pi (Trading) Ltd • Import tariffs (eg Brazil)

Raspberry Pi Minecraft – plus Python XBMC Media Centre More than 4M sold Cumulative sales units 4,500,000 4,000,000 3,500,000 3,000,000 2,500,000 2,000,000 1,500,000 1,000,000 500,000 0

- Production limited (components mostly) - Fastest growing computer company Applicants for CS at Cambridge

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Recession, tuition fees, big tech IPOs, grassroots movements, press, better advice from teachers, shifting perception of subject Numbers are mirrored UK. Uni. applicants growing fastest for CS (+12.3% this year) Africa Final thoughts

• New skills needed • Global information

• Computer science must not be seen as an optional extra. • Curriculum changes • Computer clubs dojos etc

• The way we teach is changing • Informal learning • MOOCs and flip teaching

• Raspberry Pi aims to provide a low-cost, creative and fun way to learn about programming and electronics.

• “It is not the hour a week in school that matters, but the 3 hours a night in your bedroom”

www.raspberrypi.org