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• ~. 91. p, "fmI'Rr 5mm~ ~.I i fiIbIII "'I11'Pn ~!Jiv I 1981 CENSUS-PUBLICATION PLAN
(1981 Censu, Publications, Series 11 in All India Series will be published in the following partl)
GOVERNMENT OF INDIA PUBLICATlONS
Part I-A Ad ministration Repo rt-Enumera tion
Part I-B Administration Report-Tabulation
Part II-A General Population Tables
Part lI-B Primary Census Abstract
Part III General Economic Tables
Part IV Social and Cultural Tables
Part V Migration Tables
Part VI Fertility Tables
Part VII Tables on Houses and Disabled Population
Part VlII Household Tables
Part IX Special Tables on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
Part X-A Town Directory
Part X-B Survey Reports on selected Towns
Part X-C Survey Reports on selec ted Villages
Part XI Ethnographic Notes and special stud ies on Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
Part XII. . Census Atlas
Paper 1 of 1982 Primary Census Abstract for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
Paper I of 1984 Household Population by Religion of Head of Household
STATE GOVERNMENT PUBLICATIONS
Part XIlI-A&B District Census Handbook for each of the 45 districts in the State. (Village and Town Directory and Primary Census Abstract) CONTENTS
'lIS?; Pages
1 ~ Foreword i-iv
2 smfTlf1'I'l Preface v-vi
3 fQ-1!5T;mTT District Map
.. ~,!qj m, Important Statistics vii
5 fcr~~ fzcqvft Analytical Note ill-xxr.vi
IIfTli1fr~q'li fc t q'I1j"t, ~'];l~;foqa mf'er !q'l<: qi~f'ifa Notes & Explanations: LIst of Scheduled '3f;r:orrfi;!' 'liT ~'ifr ( ~~Ter;:r ), fcr~1:f'li 1976; Castes and Scheduled Tribl'S Order r~T '3fiflJ1lli'fT ~ri!'Cf'lir 'liT ~Rr~Hr JI,'h: ~f"" I (Amendment) Act, 1976, History and ~~IIlHli'Ii facq-Ufl scope of District Cen~us Handbook, Analytical Note
8~~~. ""'~ Tahsil Map3 (; ~,,~~Tt. ,.,qr iliT ~;ft.. Alphabetical List of Villages 1-57
(i) ~,*'f i;J~~1;;r 1-15 (ii) ffl;fr a~~fr;;r 15-29
(i) Lakhnadon Tahsil 31-44 (ii) Seoni Tahsil 44 -57
7 ~p'(l'T'fi{r 'liT Sll11fq'li ~rd~ PR[MARY CENSUS ABSTRACT 58-151
f:;ffi !fil ~n:m Swni District Abstract 58-61
(i) iil1FlT
( i i) fu'1IifT i;J~!T;~ ( lAPTTur) Sconi Tahsil (Rural) 108-149 (;PP't1:f) (Urblln) 15[;-15 t 8 qf\~-I'ftr,{N :;r"rrvr-rr 'lit ~ ~n;m APPENDIX-Urban primary Census Abstract 153-157
9 .~ :;r,f(f lin SlTQr'flif :;r"I'(111'" mmr Primary Census Abstract of Scheduled Castes 158-161
10 IT'ft.f.ifft ~:srlf! 'lit 5n"",41 :;riTl'l'l'in mm Primary Census Abstract of Scheduled Tribes 162-165
11 .M~-fitllfTe wq~~ ~"'f~ iI"I'(1II'I' e~ APPBNDIX-Development Blockwise Primary Census Abstract 166-169 \iI'iPf'Jiff ~~Otf 1m u,.,q 61:'P'Ii't ;¢l' q-~ , 6'iJiforif (1') f"l'{f '1"1 f'l'li?:olT QTll' it 13"'fa 'lfcr~ T i3"T<'f;!l &. a1 i3"{f1fr ilrTffr ~ I lfE{ 2;~llI'T fGr~ $T!iI'T~if if nor fl!Jlifrzr ef~T it 2ftiiTifT dlfn: 'fo~ it ~~TlfffT fl1~lfl wm ih!l ~ {TIft ~ I f'ifWr iiI'ifIT8rlfT ~fFriliT ~r t:t'fi !Iifq~ 'fTi; '1'1\ hT~l 'Ii) '1T fqf.rzrfmf rn ql~ fqifiT« 'ff?Jf ~ ..r SflJTVl'Jt t f;;r~~ fT'Iiftvr e1'",T iii iTlJ fCf'\ \f'li if; mr it ~r2f !IHt~'-'I;:r 'fiT ifiIT ifitit it '1') ~~r flfflllf I fI!f !I'~t\'i ;;q'tlif i1:f t Wli m<: lU'if'fili ;;rif;r"TifT ~~ if; ~WIf!l"ft' ;:'liJ~ IlT'iIllf1liffT ",nf~r:r !fi1- ~~ 'ifq~IHioTqT crr'li! O'ffl&tr {"lW t I ~ 11111' vh ;rfl~l ~nfl{ it ;rn;JiS' i!ff ~ iii f<;ti.\' ~offmr ~!fir'(t If,) ~~ ~ lf~ i;f~ tTf 'Ita R'ii 'lRtncr) iii lil'r~ it 'if i1)'if'liT~r flJ<1{fi ~ I ~ I it iTt 1f~' ~ : $I'~ fW~T ~if, lfTtrf'f'li fcrTf?;lf' -i3"1J R iliff it {f~GTflJlfi f'HfWl !fiTlT'fimtrl qif~ f"l'<'rT :rllt fififw'tiT if; tOrr:ri ~ '11 ~~ ~w)!r.f f'!7Q; ITIJ; ~ iiTijlTUfifr ~I~fOrlfT ~1';ft 'T~ tr) I ~~ ~~ 'l11ifT~ ~ iif~t f;jf{ffr flfi ~ ~~'i iJ .rr~ it ;;fT~1 flfi; ~if; q1\ ~'<:ff '!ir if1ll fCJCf,\1If (fcrcn:1iJ-IV 'fi) ~T 112fT t I ~rwr "'f ilI'TifT IJllzr illi 'fIT\" f.:rlffWlfir iii 'tllTl if ~~ ;:rlt IfiT;;(1T m'{ ~ flfi ~{f~ lflCif i31'T'l'Frn ~1T1 ~,!fo if; IIOfr'n iiTr'!i!Y '3"Q;;riS' ~~T fII1'f\IIlr Gf), II'~ ~ I ;;rift f1981. 'fir ~GJi'(T if '1'iT If~ clff'RI'fff qfqlfT ij; mf~'fi If~ ST'limYJ tT~ ~''fiT\ ~ GT'flfUlifT ~l']'orJ' if; iii~lRf q-"r't ~ ST'!!rrl if GTT ""' qf~9;jrr f'1i~ ~, ~1 qf,\qijrrr !fit STlI'HT 'fiT q:;\; ~ I \~ it ~t'fi~:l ;pT 9'~if ~1 ifi'. ij'T. ~ii &lfTi'( if <:'iIit ~I:!; V-flil 'I'R iflf'fj ij; STT1IfIi'fi Gfif'f1lJ'ifT UR fif~UIti, GTiJlf11fifT Ilf{qrn'f, J{sll'Sfc!l/T it; 'l'Tli5rrl!ff~'li GT'If f~T 26 ri\;, 1982 iii
FOREWORD
The district census handbook (DCH), compiled by the census organisation on behalf of the State governments, is one of the most valuable products of the Census. The DCH .is constantly referred to by planners, administrators, academicians and researchers'., It is inter-alia used for delimi tation of cOristituencies, formulation of local level and regional plans .and as an aid to District administration. The 'district census handbook, is the only publication which provides PrimalY Census Abstract (peA) data upto village level for the rural areas and wardwise for each city or town. It also provides d'ata on infrastructure and amenities in villages and tQwns etc.
The di.trict census handbook series was initiated during the 1951 Census. It contained important census tables and PCA for each village and town of the district. During 1961 Census the scope of the DCH waS enlarged and it contained a descriptive account of the district, administrativ~ statistics, census table., and a village and town directory, including PCA. The 1971 DCH series was planned in three parts. Part-A related to village and town directory, Part-B to village and town PCA and·Part-C comprised analytical report, administrative statistics, district census tables and certain analytical tables based on peA and amenity data in respect of villages. However, in some states it was confined to district census tables. and in a few cases altogether given up due to delay in compilation and printing.
While designing the format of 1981 nCR &eries some new features along with the restructuring of thc formats of village and town directory have been attempted. At the same time. comparability with the 1971 data has also been kept in view. All the amen,ities except power supply in the village have been brought together in the village directory with the instruction that in case an amenity is not available in the referrent village the distilnce in broad ranges from the nearest place where the amenity is available may be given. The restructuring of the format of the village directory and incorporating more exhaustive data on infrastructure aspect particularly in relation te amenities and land-use pattern is expected to further meet the need of micro level planning for rural areas. It is expected to help not only in local area planning but regulating the provision of goods and services as well so as to minimise the regional imbalances in the process of development. A few new items of information have also been irtroduced to meet some of the requirements of the Retised Minimum Needs Programme. Such new items of information as adult literacy centres, primary bealth sub-centres, and commumty health workers in the village have been introduced in the village directory with thiS objective in mind. The new item on approach to the village is to have an idea about the villages in the district Which are inaccessible. A new column, "total population and number of households" has been introduced to examine the correlation of the amenities with the population and number of households they serve. Addition of two more appendices listing the villages ... here no The formalS of the town directory have also been modified to meet tbe requirements of the Minimum Needs Programme by providing information on a few new items. A new statement ou civic and other amenities in slums in class-I and Cl:.ss-II towns (Statement IV-A) has been lOtroduced with this objective in mind. It is expected that this will help the planners to chalk out programmes on provision of civic amenities tor the improHment of slums. The columns on SCheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes population III statement IV relating to civic and other amelliti~s and adult literacy classes/centres under educational facilities in statement V are also added inter-alia Wilh this iv
,jew. A lignificant addition is class of town in all the seven statements of the town directory. The infrastructure of amenities in urban areas of the country can be best analysed by taking the class of ' towns jnto consideration. The addition of the columns on civic administration slatus and population in a few statements also serves this purpose.
Tile forillat of the primary cen&us abstract for the villages and towns bas been formulated in the light of changes in the economic and other questions canvassed through the individual slip of 1981 cens us.
In order to avoid delay in publication of 1981 DCH series it bas been so designed that Part-A of the volume contains village and town dIrectory and Part-B the PCA of villages and towns including the Scheduled Castes and Scbeduled Tribes PCA upto Tahsil/Town levels. At the beginning of the DCH a detailed analytical note supported by a number of inset tables based on PCA and non-census data in relation to the infrastructure has been introduced to enhance its value. The district and tahsil/police stationlC D Block etc. level maps depicting tbe boundaries and other important features have been inaerted at appropriate places, to further enhance the value of the publication. \
This publication is a joint venture of the State Government and the Census Otganisation. The data have been collectt:d and compiled in the State under the direction of Shri K. C. Dubey, the Director of Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh on behalf of the State Government wbich bas borne the cost of printing. The task of planning, designing and coord ination of this publication was carried out by Shri N. G. Nag. Deputy RegistfH General (Social Studies) of my office. Dr.B. K. Roy, Deputy Registrar General (Map) ploviced the technical guidance in the preparation of the maps. Data received from Census Directorates have been scrutinised in the Social Studies Division at the headquarters under the guidance of Shri M. M. Dua, Senior Research Officer. r am thankful to all who have contributed in the project.
P. PADM.ANABHA REGISTRAR GENERAL. INDIA New Delhi the 26th April, 1982. v
PREFACE
One of the most important publications of the Census are the District Census Handbooks. This publication was begun in this caption since 1951 Census. But prior to this, a similar publication was released in the Census earlier than 1951. That publication was on the title of Village Statistics and it contains only village names and total population thereof. The 1951 Census could, therefore, be said to represent a significant step in the process of making detailed Census statistics available down upto tbe village level.
In fact the District Census Handbook is the most important publication at the Census and it also perhaps the most widely used. Also perhaps this is the only publication used at the micro-level down upto the tahsil and development block.
The form of the District Census Handbook has gone considerable change since )951. This is basically due to the growing demand for more information. For the purpose of convenience as well as with a view of makillg the basic statistics available with the data users as early as possible the District Census Handbooks have been split into 2 parts, Part-A contains the Introductory Note OIl the district and Town/Village Directory. This volume will be found useful to get almost all the non-Cer,slIs statistics available at one place. Part-B also contains an introductory note and the Primary Census Abstract.
One of the innovation of the present Census has been in terms of allotment of Location Code numbers to the villages. In the earlier Censuses the location code system was such that the villages of a Patwari Circle were found at differellt ~('rial numbers. Since the Patwari Circle still remains an important admluistrative unit, the locatIOn code numbers have been so given in the present Census that it may be possible to locate all the villages of a particular Patwari (::ircle at one place one below the otber.
When the planning for Ihe present census was started in 1979 the tahsils were still revivable as an important unit of the administration, the whole planning was, therefore, done taking tahsil as the unit. It was during the course of the census that some requests were informally reeeived for making blol:kwise data available. Since these requests wllre received very late and were also received only in an informal manner, it has not been possible to disturb the original planning of villages arranged according to the location code numbers taking tahsil as one unit. However, additional exercise has been done and in addition to the tahsil figures blockwise figures have also been indicat~d. It is hoped that the availability of these blockwise data will enhance the utility of this publication.
It is hoped that this handbook will provide the basic statistical support to executive and developmental administration. It is needless to state tbat the proper implementation of policy depends on the abilIty of the administration autnorities concerned.
It may be remembered that the villagewise area figures given in the Primary Census Abstract and the Village Directory are those based on the village papers while the tahsil totals given in PCA are obtained from the Land Records department, which in many cases exclude forest area, vi
TIle statistics that are containedjn the district census handbooks are the result of a massive· and marathon exercise in the compilation and tabulation of voluminous statistics. The compilatIon of the statistics contained in this volume was carried out by 9 Regional Tabulation Offi~es each under a Regional Deputy Director of Census Operations. These Regional Offices were run with the help of purely temporary staff-roughly about 1,500 Tabulators, about 250 Checkers and about 80 Supervisors. I am grateful to my colleagues, the Regional Deputy Directors and those temporary staff for the speed and accuracy in the editing and basic compilation of more than nearly 522 lakh slips and nearly 1 lakh of household schedules. The compilation of village directory was taken ,up at the headquarters and I am equally grateful to the officers and staff who have worked whole heartedly on the job in a collec tive and co-operative venture. It is not possible nor fair to name in this. The maps contained in the handbook have been prepared in the Cartographic Section of my office. However, the analytical note has been prepared by Shri M. L. Sharma, Deputy Director of Census Operations.
I am thankful to all who have contributed to bring Ihis publication possible. The census organisation is also grateful to the Government of Madhya Pradesh for havii g been so kind as to undertake the rublication of these handbooks and to the Controller, Printing and .' tationery, Madhya Pradesh. Bhopal and his staff for the printing arrangements macle. The inspiration behind this ambitious venture is that of our indefatigable Registrar General, Shri P. Padmanabha to wbom we art' all deeply grateful. Our thanks are also due to Sbri N. G. Nag, Deputy Registrar General (Social Studies) for all the help that we received from hjm and his section.
K. C. DUBEY Director of Census Operations, Madhya Pradesh. Bhopal Janmashtami, 31 Aug. 1983. vii
IMPORTANT STATISTICS
MADHYA PRADESH Sconi District Popalatlon Total PcrlOllI 52,178,84" 809,113 Males 26,886,305 408.441 Females 25,291,539 401,272 Rural Persolla 41,592,385 147.009 Males 21,266,321 375,4l.5 Females 20,326,064 371 • .594 Urban Persons 10,586,459 62.704 Males .5,619,984 33,026 Female. 4,966,475 29,671 Decennial Population Growth Rate 1971-81 25.27 21.15 Area (Sq. Km •• ) 443,446.0 8,758.0 Density of popuJ adon (Per Sq. Km.) 11.8 92 Sex-ratio (Number of Females per 1,000 males) 941 982 Literacy rate Persons 27.87 26.39 Male. 39.49 38.29 Female. 15.53 1S.53 Percentage or urban population to total population 20.29 7.74 Percentage to total population ( i ) Main Wor kera Persons 38.41 43.00 Males 53.52 55.34 Females 22.35 30.44 ( ii ) Marginal Worker. P~rsons 4.52 6.49 Males 0.96 1.10 Females 8.30 II. 98 (iii ) Non-Workers Persons 57.07 50.51 Males 45.52 43.56 Females 69.35 57.58 Break·Qp of Main workers (percenfJge among main "ort... s) ( i ) Cultivalors Persons 51.96 52.55 Males 53.81 55.99 Females 47.28 46.19 ( ii) Agricultural Labourers Penons 24.24 32.7.i Males 17.81 24.60 Females 40.61 47.76 (iii) Household Industry Persons 3.52 2.07 Males 3.36 2.52 Females 3.93 1. 23 (iv) Other worken Persons 20.28 12.65 Males 25.02 16.S9 Females 8.18 4.&2 Percentage of SchedUled Castes Persons 14.10 14.56 population to total population Males 14.1.6 10.69 Females 14.04 10.43 Percentage of Scheduled Tribes Persons 22.97 36.35 population to total pop.lalion Males 22.33 35.70 Females 23.66 37.0t Numb~ of occlJpiei rosidential honses 8,929,190 141,701 Number of Villages Total 76,603 1,663 Inhabited 71,429* 1.606 Uninhabited 5,174 ** 57 Number oC Towns 327 2
'" Includes 77 inhabited villages which have been treated wholly lIS urban outgrowlh or nearby CitY/Town. ** Includes 58 uninhabited villasos of which Abadi Area have been merged in nearby CityfTown.
f~~q1Jn("~ fZtqvft ANALYTICAL NOTE
NOTES AND EXPLANATIONS
This note gives the meanings and explanations could be ensured and which should provide basis of terms and concepts used in this handbook. This for analysing of figures and urbanization in the is necessary because, without a proper grasp of the country. But it has to be remembered that the meanings of such simple concepts as building,house, urban criterion of 1981 varies slightly from household, workers etc., it is not possible to appre that of 196) and 1971 cenSuses is that the ciate the data presented in the hand book. Thus males working in activities such as fishing, one who does not know that an unpretentious hut logging, etc. Were treated a8 engaged in non-agrlo in the thick of Bastar forests with unplastered bam cultural activity and therefore contrtbuted to the boo walls and a thatch roof and with lipace hardly 7S% criterion in 1961 and 1971 censuses, whereas enough for two cots is not a bit less of a buildmg in the 1981 census these activities are treated as on than the ,Indian versions of the sky scrapers in one par with cultivation and agricultural labour for the of the metropolitan cities, or that a central jail purpose of this criterion. housing all manner of criminals and shady characters is as much a household as the household Applying the criteria described above, a list of ~f the most pious and god-fearing citizen in the 327 towns Was finalised and it is 'hese 327 towns State, may not be able to appreciate what exactly which are treated as urban areaS for the purpose of the figures represent. 1981 census. The additional Secretary to the Gov!. of India in the Ministry of Home Affairs sent a Concepts and Definitions letter to the Chief Secretaries of the State Govern ments as back as 10th May, 1979, requesting them Rural {Urban: to ensure that no changes are made ill jurisd iction It has been the tradition of the Indian Census and boundaries of municipaliti cs and revenue to pres::nt the census data for rural and urban areas villages, tahsils, sub-divisions and districts during separately. In fact, in all the Censuses through tbe period from 1-1·1980 to 30·6-1981. However, out the world this classification of census data into subsequent to our finalization of rural and urban rural 3nd urban units is generally recognized. How frame the State Government in the Lucal Govern ever, distinction between rural and urban is not yet ment Department notified many places as notified amenable to a single definition which would be areas and municipalities. Such places have not applicable to all countries. been treated as towns for the purpose of census and the secretary to Government in the Local Govern The definition of an urban unit at the 1971 ment Department had agreed to this arrangements. Census was as follows - Similarly, the State Government raised the status of (a) All places with a munioipality, corporation, (j municipal committees to that of municipal corpo cantonment board or notified town area; rations. These neW municipal corpoiations are also treated as municipal committees. (b) All ('ther places wbicb satisfied the follow ing criteria. While dealing with the subject of rural and urban (i) A minimum population of 5,000 ; break up mcntion may be made of the area under (ii) At least 75 per cent of male working the Special Area Drvelopment Authority. The population engaged ill nOD-agricultural Special Area Development Authority have been pursuits; and constituted under th~ Madhya Pradesh Nagar Tatha (iii) A density of population of at least Gram Nivcsh Adhiniyam, 1973 and they enjoy the 400 per sq. km. (1,000 per sq. miles). power to func,tion as a municipality so far as the municipal management of that area is concerned. The same criteria is retained at the 1981 census The limits of these Special Areas include large por also that comparability with the previous census lions of rural areas comprising number of villages. xii
situated around the core town or village of such 0) it should have a core town of a minimum Special area. For example, Orchha is a SADA population of 50,000, (ii) the contiguous areas area in Tikamgarh district but there is no town in made up of other urban as well as rural administra this area. Similarly. Malanjkband, in Balaghat' tive units should' have mutual socio-economic links district, Bhedagbat in JabaJpur district. Mandav in with the core town and (iii) in all probability this Dhar district and similar other cases are SADA entire area should get fully urbanised in a period of areas but there is nO urban area within that. The two or three decades. Certain Standard U.-ban objective' of-the SADA areas perhaps is to control Areas were determined on this basis in 1971 and the future development of these areas in a planned some basic data were presented for 1951, 1961 and manner an4 that is aU. It was, therefore, not con 197J for such areas and their components. Similar sidered 'desirable to treat such SADA areas at par data have been presented for the Standard-Urban with other urban bodi~s like municipal corpora Areas in 1981 also. The idea is to present basic tions, mUDicipal committees etc., and only that part data for those areas for four to five decades so that of it is treated as urban which is rea]]y $0. As such the urbanisation process in those areas can be in the Korba SADA area only Korba town has been studied. However, there have been minimulll changes treated as urban and rest of'tbe area remains in the in the constituent units of the Standard Urban rural frame. Areas of 1981 Census as compared to those of 1971, but the list of SUA remaines unchanged. Urban Agglomeration: Size Class of Towns : Apart from town/city the 1971 concept of The urban areas are classified into. 6 classes urban agglomeration is also adopted for the 1981 referred to as 'owns of Class ,I to VI. The classi census. Very often large railway colonies, university fication is shown below- campuses, port areas, military camps etc., come up outllide the statutory limits of the city or town but Class I JOOiOOO aDd above . adjoining it. Such areas may not by themselves Class II 50,00U to 99,999 qualify to be treated as towns but if they form a Class III 20,000 to 49,99'9 contiguous spread with the town, they are out Class IV 10,000 to 19,999 growths of the town and deserve to be treated as Class V 5,000 to 9,999 , urban. Such towns together with their outgrowths Class VI. less than 5.000 have been treated as one urban unit and called .. 'urban agglomeration'. An urban agglomeration It is customary to treat a town having a popu- maY constitute ;- lation of 1 lac and above as a city.
(a) A city with continuous outgrowth, (the Census House ; part of outgrowth being outside the statu A Census House is a building or part of a build tory limits but falling within the bound ing having a separete main entrance from the road aries of the adjoining village or villages); or common courtyald or staircase, etc., used or (b) One town with similar,outgrowth or two recognised as a ,separate unit.' It may be occupied or more adjoining towns with their out or vacant. It may be, used for a residential or non growths as in (a) : or residential purpose or both. (c) A city and one or more adjoining towns U a building had a number of fiats or blocks with their outgrowths all ,ofwhi'ch form a which were independent of one another having continuous spread. separate entrances of their own from tbe road Of a common staircase or a co:nmon courtyard leading Staudar. Urban Area: to a main ga~e. they have been cOilsidered as separate census houses. A new concept of Standard Urban Area intro duced ;l\ 1971 census will also be followed for the In some cases, however, it was difficult to 1981 t ••,. The essential requirements for the apply the definition strictly. For example, in an contUtiftiOfl of a Standard Urban Area are- urban area, a Hat has 6ve'rooms.'eaqb·h~vjna 4irect xiii,
en,trlUltc ,to._comxno~, stllirca~., t~ or coqrtyard\ SebeAu~,(:._ and Scheduled Tri\la. whiCh, by deJinitiOR'" h~d to. bo .treated as fivQ census ho.uses .• , [( alllhll~· five. ro.olllS, ,were fo.und.\ Scheduled Castes and Scheduld Tribes are thDse fOUBd in the NotificatiDn of Sched uled Castes/ oceupi,ed by ,singJ~ h<,>.\IseAo.ld eawe fIat was,trec~t~d,., Scheduled Tribes Order (Amendment) Act, 1976 as. olle.clUlsUs, lho.J,lS.e,., . In sucb. .CILli~S'. singl,ene?'s. ,Qf (108 of 1976). By this amendment, area restrictions use,was ta~ jn.t~l..co.nsiQ.er.a.tiou.~ to,. avoid undlJC· for.m,Dst. of the ScheduIed Castes and Scheduled I)J;oliCera-tiWL, of ~ nUfl.lbcJ: of, cens~ hOjlsj:s. Tri b.eli.hlJve been removed. HDwever, the area An occupied residential 'CensUti' house means a restdr;tion still rem,ains in ,respect of Dhobi (in c~nsus..bQUS~, whicb is actually ~used for resi~ential Blwp'll, Raisfl1 and SehDxe disiricts): Kqtwal and p~SCA,. ei'her wholly ,or p8J;d,.. ,by.pne o.r.mo,~ Pan:\hi (In .Bhind. Dha,l; D"wa.s.. , GUlla, Gwalior,. b~dlq\~., Indm~, J~ua" KhargqRe, Mandsaur, Morena, Rajgarh, RatlaD;l, ShajllPUf, Shivpuri, Ujjain and Ho_bold: Vidisha Districts) and. Kumhar (in Chhatarpur, The term· household in census is d elined as a Dat,ia, Panna, Rewa, Satna, Shahdol, Sidhi !>nd group of"persorrs-who. 'Commonly'li.e to.getl"tel) and Tlka,ruga,b {j istricts) ,Scheduled Castes. Llk ewise would take their meals from a common kitchen Ke{'r and Pard hi Scheduled Tribes are still restrict. unless the exigc.ncics of work prevented anyone of ed Dnly in BhDpal, Raisen and Sehoee districts; them from d oing ~o. There may be a household of, Min" in Sironj sub-divisiDn of Vidisha, district i persons rtlated by blood Dr a hDusehold of un Panika in Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, Satna, related persons Dr having a mix Df bDth. Examples Shahdol, Sidhi, and Tikamgarh districts; Pardhi. Dfunrelated households are boarding houses, mes Bahelia, Bahellia. Chita Pardhi, Langoli Pardh.i., sess, hostels, residential hotels, rescue hDm s, jails, Phanse Pardhi, Shikari, Takankar, Takia [in (I) "Ashrams" etc., These are called institutiDnal Bastar, Chltindwara, Malldla, Raigarh, Se.9ni aud , households, There may he one member households Surguja districts, (2) Baihar tahsil of Balaghat two member bDilseholds or multi - member district, (3) Betul and Bhainsdehi tahsils of Betul househDlds. FDr census purposes, 'each one Df.these district, (4) Bilaspuf, and Katg·hora tahsils of Bilas types is regarded as a 'household'. pur district, (S) Durg and Balod tabsils Df Durg distric!t, (6) Chowki, Manpur and Mohala Revenue There are three types of households viz, nDrmal, Inspector's Circles of RajnandgaDn district, (7) institutional and hOJJsele.ss.househDlds., A housele~s. Murwara, Patau ami Sihora tahsils Df Jabulpur. household is that which is normally found to' be district, (8) Hoshangabad and Sohagpur tahsils of residing Dn the road side, pavements, in hume pipes Hoshanga bad and Narsimhp.ur districts, (9) Har under staircases, Dr in open, temple, rnandaps, sud tahsil Df Khandwa district, (10) Bindra-Nawa platforms and the like. fnstitutional househDIJs garh I Dhamtari al:d Mahasamund tahsils Df RaipuT have been explai!led above. Those hDusehDlds which district.] do not fall in the category 0.1' institutional hOusehold and houseless household have been categDrised as normal househDlds, The enumeratDr was required PerSDns belonging to the castes/tribes mentiDn ed abDve fDund in the districts otner t!lall t!lose to indicate in the Household S~heduled whether the housebold b'elopged to 'Institutional househDld' Dr where Scheduled have not been treated as sched ul ed castes Or scheduled tribes as the case may be. 'Hou~le~s ho»sebpld'. For institutional 'I' was lt may be mentiDned here that scheduled Castes can writ1.OJ1. a.P.i.ns.\.;thy. ql!l!stion 'Type of hJusehDld' be belong to the Hindu or the Sikh religlDn ouly, and _0' was ind~ated in tbe ~ase .?f houseles$ while the scheduled tribes bdong to allY religion. household" For normal h:>usehold, no. entry was The list of Scheduled Castes and Schedul€d Tribes required to be macie. . relating to Madhya Pradesh relevant to' 1981 census Til! ew.mt:r.a\ipa .of insliLuJional. hous~bQ;lds has been given inunediateIy after this note as wauil~ne,in.tbc manll'lll the normal house.holds we.re Annexure-I. cnum~rated .duIJOS tb~ enume{aliQ,a.. period frDm Literates aod Educated Persons : 9th.Februarf to 2fitb. FebruarYtt lnl. Th~ bouse. less households wer,e enumerated, on the night of A person who can both read, and write witb 28th February, 198i. " understanding in any language is treated as literate. xiv
A person who can merely read but cannot write, is Censuses, the economic questions were based on norIiterate. It is not necessary that a person different approaches, namely, usual status and who is literate should have received any formal current status, were adopted with reference period education or should have passed any minimum of one year and one week for seasonal and for educational standard. regular work, respectively. Current status approacb was thought to be irrelevant in the context of our The test for literacy was necessary only when country where usual status of a worker is consider the enumerator had any doubt about any person ed to be more appropriate. returning as 'literate'. The test for literacy waS ability to read any portion of the Enumerator's The 'above questions are in three parts and Instruction Booklet and to write a simple letter. have been designed in such a way that first of all Ability merely to sign one's name was not consider it attempts to divide the population into two broad . ed adequate to qualify a person as being able to groups viz., write with understanding. If a person claimed to (I) those who have worked any time at all be lit~rate in some other lan'guage with which the during the last year, and (2) those wbo have not enumerator was not familiar, tbe respondent's word worked at all. was taken as correct. The latter group consists of the non-workers. All children of the age of 4 years or less were This information is obtained in Q. l4-A. Ha ving treated as illiterate even if they might be going to classified the population into two groups, the next scbool and bad picked up reading and writing a attempt has been to classify those who have worked few words. any time into Main workers and Marginal WOI kers, on the baSIS of time spent on work aa well as Classification workers by Industrial Category: gf secondary work, if any, of the Main workers. If At the 1981 Census, the questions whioh were a person bad worked for six months or more tlllU canvassed in the Individual slip to elicit informa days or more) he was tredted as Main wIJrker tion on economic characteristics of the population and if the period of work was less than six month$ he was regarded as a MarglOal worker. in Q. were as follows:- ISB details of secondary work or margl1lal work un: (i) Q. 14A Worked anytime at all last Year '1 obtained. Finally an attempt has been made to determine whether those who are non-workers or Yes marginal workers are seeking or ar~ available for No. (H/ST/D/R/B/I/O) work. Q. 14B If yes in 14A, did you work for major part of last :year? Yes(l)/No (2) It will thus be seen tbat these questions on economic aspects have been so designed as to identify all workers, full time workers or seasonal ii Q. lSA Main activity last year? workers or marginal workers ·and non-workers with Yes in 14B (CJAL/HHf/OW) reference to the activitIes during the last one year No in 14BTH/ST/D/R/B/i/oT period prior to the date of enumeration~
Q. 148 Yes-Any other work any time last year? Tbe various terms and definitions used in lSB Yes (CfAL/HHI/OW>!_;'l:-o ____ collecting the economic data have been explained Q. 14B No-Work done any time Inst year? briefly inthe following paragraphs. (C/AL/HHf/OW) Definition of work : ii j Q. 16-lf No in 14A or 148, seeking/available for work? Yes (l)/No (2). Work has been defined as participation in any economically productive activity. Such participa _ The above quescions were formulated after tion may be physical or mentaL in nature. Worl( detailed discussion at the Data User's Conference involves not only actual work but also effective and technical groups. At the 1961 and 1971 supervision and direction of work. xv..,
FOI; per~QPs on regular ell1p}9yment or en~g~(1" dependents, retired persons or rentiers, beggars, in rc;gular typ~ of WQt~, tempo~ar,y absen~e durina. inmates of institutions, unemployed persons etc. th,e relerenc~:p~ti0~ 0!l~ a~,I?J:l~ orill~Wss. hQlida~,\ They are persons who have not worked any time at temp'rkers. ~ers9:lls, u114er _trainiJ,lg., such as al?prentices. with,or, withou.t $tipends,Qf \ll(ages wer~ also treated The main activity of workers has been classified as workers. In the case of a person .who had been, into four categories Viz., cultivator, agricultur~1 eft'ered work but had not actually joined, he was labourer, household ind ustry and other work in the not treated as a worker. Rent receivers, pensioners peA at the )981 census. A significant departure has, etc., were not lreated as economically, active unless, therefore, been made this time while presenting the they also engaged themselves in some economic data on economic activity which relate to only four activity. broad categories indicated above as against nine In all thes~ qllest~Qnsl,t~e, refer:_ence period is ind ustrial, categories of the 1%1 and the 197,1 t4e_ o~e ;yea~; prec~~in.~", th~ date, of en!lmeration. censuses. The nine categories of the 1971 census Certain .typ~s of. WOfk,suc,~,as a~!icultl}re" hon~e were-{i) Cultivator, (ii) Agricultural labourers,' h~I4 _ingHst,ry lik~gur,m,!lk~ng e~c_~ ca~md on either (iii) Livestock, Forestry, Fishing, Hunting and th:r04¥hq~t. t~~ y~~~ O,t o!ll.y d.urin~,ce~t(\in s:nsQns_ Plantations, Or~hards and allied activities,' (lV) or, P!4't" of thS, yrar. d ~p~,9:di,ng oll,the.. I~cal circ,~m~, Mining, (v) Manufacturing, Processing and servic Si!lJ!c~., In,. aV s",cJ;l,c~s'I(S, t~1( r~[~rence period ha~" ing with 5ub-c~tegori~s__:(a)' At Househ~ld Industry been the brqad .time, sp!J.n ,of th,e, agric~lltural,_sea and (b) Other than Ho~s;hold Industry, (vi) Con sons" precedin~ the e~um'e~~tion. struc,tion, (vii) Trllde aQd C:omlJl~rce. (viii) Trans port, Storage and C~lnmunicatio~~~ and (ix) Otl1"r Main Workers : Services. The correspondence between tile cate The main workers are those who have worked gories of 1981 and 1971 are as under- for a major part of the year prcceding the enume ration. Main activity of a person who was engaged 1981 Category 1971 Category in more than one activity wa3 reckoned in terms of time disposition. For example, if a person had I worked as daily wage labourer for 4 months, as an IJ ([ agricultural labo~rer for 1 month and as cultivator III VIa) for 2 months, he was treated as a Main worker on IV 1lI,IV,V(b),VI,VH,VIU & IX tbe basis of total time spent on work and his main activity have been reckoned as Daily Wage Labourer Cultivator: since he spent major part of his time on work in this activity than as cultivator or agricultural For purposes of census a person is working as labourer. cultivator if he or she is engaged either as employer. single worker or family worker in cultivation of Marginal Workers: land owned or held from Government Or held from Marginal workers are those who have worked private persons or institutions fur payment in any time at all in the year preceding the enumera money, kind or share. tion but have not worked for a major part of the year. For example, if a person who is mostly Cultivation involves plollghing, sowing and doing household duties, or is mainly a student, or harvesting and production of cereals and millet main Iy a dependent or a rentier or a beggar and crops such as wheat, paddy, jowar, bajra, ragi. etc., and other crops such as sugarcane,groundnuts the like who is baSically a non-worker had done tapioca. etc. and pulses, raw jute and kindered some work at some time durlDg the reference fibre crop. cotton etc., and 'does not' lflciucie fruit period, he was treated as a marginal worker. growin~. vegetable growing or keeping orchards Or Non-Workers : groves or wOlking of plantation like tea, coffee, rubber, cinchona, opium and other medicinal plan. Non-workers constitute of householders, students, tations. Agricultural Labourer: processing, servicing, repaIrIng or making and selling (but not merely sellin,) of goods such as Persons working in another person's land for bandloom weaving, dyeing, carpentry, bidi rolling, wages in money, kind or share have been treated a. pottery manufacture, bicycle repairing, blacksmitb agricultural labourers. An agricultural labourers ing, tailoring etc. Ii does not include professions h~s nO risk in the cultivation and he has no right. of such as a pleader or doctor or barber or 'dhobi' lease or contract on land on which he works. even if such professions are run at home by mem bers of tbe bousehold. Household Industry ~
Household Industry is defined as an industry Other workers: conducted by the head of the household himself/ herself and or by tho members of the households at All workers, Le. those who have been engaged borne or within the village in rural areas and only in some economic activity during the last one year, withm the precincts of the house where the bouse who are not cultivators or agricultural labourers hold lives in urban areas. The larger proportion or in household industry are 'otber workers'. The of workers in a household industry should consist type of workers that COme under this category of mem bers of the household including tbe head. inclUde factory workers, plantation workers, tbose The industry should not b" run on the scale of in trade, commerce, business, transport, mining, registerej factory which would qualify and has to construction, political or social work,all government be regi~tered under the Indian Factories Act. servants, municipal employees, teachers, priests, HOllsehold Industry relates to production, entertainment artists etc. xvii
ANNEXURE I
MADHYA PRADESH
[ The Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes Orders (Amelldmem) Act, 1976] Dated the 18th_ September, 1976
1 Audhelia. 35 Kumbar (In Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rewa, 2 Bagri, Bagdi. Sa tna, Shah do I, Sid hi and Tikamgar h d iatricts) , -3 Bahna, Bahana. 36 Mahar, Mehra, Mehar. . 4 Balahi, Balai. 37 Mang, Mang Garodi, Mang Garudi. Dan:Barela, Patelia. 26 Ghas!, Ghasia. 8 Bhi! Mina. 27 Holiya. 9 Bhunjia. 2S Kanjar. 10 Biar. Biyar. 29 Kalia, Patbaria. 11 Binjhwar. 30 Khatik. 12 Birhul, Bilhor. 31 Koli, Kori. 13 Damor. Damaria. 32 Kotwal (In Bbind, Dbar, Dewas, Guna, 14 Dhanwar. Gwalior. Indore, Jhabua, Khargone,Mandsaur 15 Gadaba, Gadba. Morena, Rajgarh, Ratlam, Shajapur, Shiv. 16 Gond: Arakh, Arrakh, Agaria, Asur, Badi pari, Ujjain. and Vidisba districts), Maria, Bada Maria, Bhatola, Bhimma, Bhuta 33 Khangar, Kanera, Mirdha. Koilabhuta, Koliabhuti, Bhar, Bisonhorn 34 Kucbbandhia. Maria, Chota Maria, Dannami Maria, Dhuru. :niii
Dhurwa, DhOba, Dhulia, Doria, Gaiki, GaUa 35 Oraon, Dbanka. Dhangad. Gatti, Gaita, Gond Gowari, Hill Maria, Kan 36 Panika (In Chhatarpur, Datia, Panna, Rowa, dra, Katanga, Khatola. Koitar, Koya, Khirwar Khirwara, Kucha Maria, Kuchaki Maria, Satna, Shabdol. Sidhi and Tikamgarb district•• ) Madia, Maria. Mana, Mannewar. Moghya, 37 Pao. Mogia, Monghya, Mudia, Muria, Nagarchi, 38 Pard han, Pat~arj. Saroti. Nagwansbi, Ojba, Raj, Sonjhari Jhareka, Thatia, Thotya, Wade Maria, Vade Maria, 39 Pardhi (In Bhopal,Raison and Sebore diltricts) Daroi. 40 Pard hi, Bahelia, Babellia, Chita Pardhi, Lan- 17 Hatba, Halbi. goli Pardhi, Phanse Pardhi, Shikari, Takankar 18 Kamar. Takia [In (1) Bastar, Chhindwara, Mandla, Raigarh, Seoni and Surguja districts, (2) Baihar 19 Karku. tahsil of Bal!lghat district, (3) Betul and 10 Kawar, Kanwar, Kaur, Cherwa, Rathia, Tan- Bhainsdebi tahsils of Betul district, (4) Bilaspur war, Cbattri. and Katghora tahsils of Bilaspur district, 21 Keer (In Bhopal, Raisen and Sehore districts). (5) Durg and Balod tahsils of Durg district, 22 Khairwar, Kondar. (6) Chowki, Manpur and Mohla Revenue Inspectors' Circles of Rajnandgaon district, (7) 13 Kharia. Murwara. Patan and Sihora tahsils of Jabalrur 24 Kondh, Khond, Kandh. district, (8) Hoshangabad and Sohagpur 25 Kol. tahsils of Hoshanghbad district and Narslmba 26 Kolam. pur district, (9) Harsud tahsil of Khandwa 27 Korku, Bopcbi, Mouasi, Nihat, Nahut, Bondhi district, (10) Bindra-Nawagarh, Dhamtari and Bondeya. Mahasamund tahsils of Raipur district.} 28 Korwa, Kodaku. 41 Parja. 29 MaJhi. 42 Sahariya, Saharia, Seharia, Sehria, Sosia, Sor. 30 Majhwar. 43 Saonta, Saunta. 31 Mawasi. 32 Mina (In Sironj.5ub.division ofVidisha district) 44 Sauro 33 Munda. 45 Sawar, Sawara. 34 Nagesia, Nagasia. 46 Sonr. HISTORY AND SCOPE OF DISTRICT CENSUS HANDBOOK
The History of the District Census Handbook Thus the present series of District Census Hand could be traced from the 'Village lists' brought out book consists of two volumes viz., DCHB Part A for every district in 19Q1 and 'vi1l~ge statistics' for ~nd DCHB Part B. Part A contains the village/Town every district 1911. But tbis .was discontinued Directory and Part B contains the Town/Vil1agewise in 1921 and )9:). In 1941, however 'village statis Primary Census Abstract of the concerned district. tics' were brqught out by then Central Provinces Part A-Village DIrectory contains information and Berar Government. It was for the first time in about the name of village, total area of village, 1951 the practice of bringing out a single volume total pJpulatlon and number of households in the known as the District Census Handbook, giving village, amenities like education, medical, drinking villagewise statistics and other .census tables for water, post and telegraphs, mark et day. communi the district at tbe cost of the State Government cations, approach to vilbge, distallce from tbe was initiated and is continuing ,inee tJaeD. nearest town, power supply, staple food, laud use, places of religious, historical and archaeological The District Census Handbook, compiled by interest eto.;. the Census Organisation ~n behalf of the State Government is one of the most important publica In addition tbere are four appendices to the tions of the censu~ and is widely used by planners, Village Directory as und er- administrators. academicians and resealchers. (1) Tahsilwisc abstract of educa tional, meANALYTICAL NOTE
Seoni was formed as a separate district after roads. NH 26 starting from Jhansi passes throUlh the annexation of this tract to the-British territory Lalitpl1r, Sagar and Natsimhapur and terminates in l8I!!. Later in December 1931, Seoni district at Lakhnadon. was abolished and annexed to Chhindwara district. With the rOJn':ation of th( new State of Madhya Physical Aspect: The district is situated on a Pradesh on 1st November 1956, Seoni was reborn narrow, north-south section of Satpura plateau as a separate district. The district is situated on which may be divided into five natural divisions a narrow, north -south section of the Satpura viz; (I) The Lakhnadon plateau, (2) The upper plateau in the sOllth of the Jabalpur Commissiner's Wainganga valley also known as the Seoni Haveli division. It lies between latitude 21°36' and 22·57' (3) The valley of Sagar and Hirri rivers, (4) Th: North and longitude 79°19' and 80·17' East. The lower Waingauga valley (also known as the U",ri district is bounded by Jabalpur district in the tract) and (5) The southern lowland •. north; Nagpur of Maharashtra State in the south: Chhk1w3ra in the west and Narsinmhpur in the Area and Population : The geographical north-west. area of the district is 8,753 sq. km. according to the figures supplied by the surveyor General of The district gets its name from the head India which accounts for 1.98 per cent of the total quarters lown. Seoni. The name Seoni has th: geographical area of tbe State, In terms of area, origin from the word'Seona' or Gudina arborea Seoni di~trict is 22nd in rank among the 45 a specy of tree belonging to the Verbenaleal family districts of the State and occupies about )0 per which was commonly found in this area. The word cent less than the average area of a district of tbis tree is specially used for making trumpet (9.854 sq. km). It occupies even slightly more (Dholak) . than four time the area of Datia. the smallest There has been no change in the jurisdiction district in the State and as compared to the of the district during the decade 1971-81. The biggest district, Bastar, it is about four and a half district is divid ed into two tahlils viz. times smaller in size. Lakhnadon and Seoni of which the former is situated in the north and the later in the south. According to tbe 1981 Census, the popl!la Both the tahsils have the headquarter, towns of tion orthe district is 809,713 with 408,44) males the same name. Seoni is connected by both roaq and 401,272 females. 747,009 persons live in and rail and is situated on the Varanashi-Nagpur 1,606 inhabited villages and another 62,7C4 National Highway ie. NH 7 and on Jabalpur persons Jive in 2 towns of tho district. The per Nagpur narrow -gauge railway line, while centage of urban populalion to total populalion Lakhnadon is connected only by road and liel of the district works out to 7.74 which is far below on the above-mentioned national highway. Both the State average of 20.29 per cent. The district are also connected by State highways and district is, therefore, prepondrantly rural in character. xxii
The following table gives the population. number of villages and towns, 1981.
TABLE 1
Population, Number of Villages and Towns, 1981
_. _____.------_------"..--- POPULATION ,...._------_-.A.------___ .___ ~ No.or Villages No. Name Total Run..! Urban ,---A----., of , ____ ..A.. -----., r---....A---~ , ___ Total Inha- TO'IYns SI. or .A. ___ --. -No. Tahsil P M F P M F P M F bired ------~------2 3 4 s (; 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 ------~------.------Lakh'1adon 316,8J6 160,508 156,308 308,129 155,971 B2,158 8,687 4,S37 4,150 846 815 Tahsil 2 scanl 491,897 247.933 244,964 438,880 219,444 219,436 54,017 28,489 25,528 817 791 Tahsil ------_._------_... _------Total: District 80l},713 408,441 401,272 747,1109 375,415 371,594 62,704 33,029 29,678 1,663 1.606 2 ------_--- _- --~ ... ---- ..------_- There are 1663 villages (J ,606 inhabited and 57 The difference in the Dumber of villages, tahsil uninhabited) in the 'district in 198) as aginst 1665 wise, and the TellSons therefor bave been ex villages (1.595 inhabited and 70 uninhabited). plained below:-
Table 1.1
--~------SI. Distril:t/TahsiJ Number of Villages No. r----- .-----A. __ ~ _____ ~_, 19i 1 1981 DiffCT~nce -_----__ .... _------._-- -_ ------
- ! Lakhnadon 1l1hsil 848 846 -2
2 _ Seo~i Tahtil 817 817 , .
---_._ ------.. ---... - ---_--- - _------~ Total: Di&trlet 1,665 1,663 -1 -- - _------.------_------... There bas hees a change in number of It is not, however, certain whether lJny revenue villages' in Vlkbdadon taMil. 4 villages viz area of these villages still exists in revel;lue record. Niwari tl971 Le. No, ~99), Lakbnadon (]9HLC. There has been an addition of 2 villag'~s ,n the No. - 400). Samnapur (1971 Le. No. 401) a.nd list- one is Dungaria Cbhapara (1981 Le. No. Khelua (1971 Le. No. 403) have been merged 695) which was a town in 1971 Census but gOt to form Lakhnadon Notified Area vide Govt. of declassified as rural in 1981 and the other village M. p. Department Notification No. 850{18/2(78 Govindgarh (1981 Le. No. 836) ill a new addition dated 8.12.1978 and therefore tbese four villages in 1981. have not been included in the list of villa,es. uiii
Thus there has been a net difference of 2 geographical area of the district is covered under villages in Lakhnadon tahsil and the district. forests. Though lying in the Satpura plateau the district is partly holly. The following table gives ACcording to the land utililation Itatistics the area, density and percentage of urban popu. tor the year ~980·-8), 16.70 per cent of the total lation to total population, tahsilwise.
Table 1.2
Area, Denllty and percentage of urban population to total population ------_._------_-- SI. Tahsil Area in'" Density P~rcentaae of urban No. sq km. (per sq. km) population ------.. --.-~---.-----,_,.------2 3 5 ------_-- Lakhnadon ~,084.1 103 2 74 2 Seoni 3,522.8 140 10.96 ------_------District Total 6,606.9 123 7.74 ------...... ------_._------*Supplied by the Land Records Department, M.P.
Tht total geographical area of the district persons per sq. km. The variation in the density as supplied by the Commissioner, Land Records, of population in the two tahsils is also very ",ide which is ascribable to variation in fOlest aDd Madhya Pradesh is 6,606.9 sq. km. which differs from that supplied by the surveyor General of hiUy areas in the two tahslls. Besides India (8,758 sq. km.) due to the fact that former Lakhnadon tahsil containing relati vel'. gf( ater forest area than Seoni tahsIl th~ former Jie3 does not include the reserVe forest area as entirely on the Satpura plateau but it does not tahsilwise details are not avilable. have as fertile a soil as the latter. In the table given above the total of arca ligures for the d iatrict does not include forest Though the overall position of the district area and thus the density works out to 123. Even is very low so far as the proponion of urban though, the district is sparsely populated. If population is concerned but Seoni tahsil has a we take the district area as supplied by the relatively larger component of (10.91 per cent) Surveyor General of India which jncludes the of urban population, obviously because of its forest area, the density of popUlation in Seoni baving the district and tahsil headquarters town district works Ollt to 92 persona per sq. kill. in it. The follOWing table gives the classwise which is much below the State average of 118 classification of towns in the district.
Table L3
Classiftcatlon of towns by size-class of Population ------,------Size-class Location Name 'of town Population of town in tahsil r------A------~ Persons Males Females -_------,------_._- 2 3 4 5 (1
Class II (50,000-99.999) Seoni Seoni (Mi 54,017 28,489 25,528 Class IV (5,000-9,999) Lakhnadon Lakhnad9n (N.A.) 8.687 4,531 4,150 xxiv
Of the 2 towns in the district Seoni continues there is no industry wortb the name which may to be a town since 1901 Census while Lakhnadon accelerate tbe growth of urban population. has been classified as a town for the tirst time in 19~1 Censlls. The pace of urbanilation in the The foUowin, table gives tbe decadal change district bas been very slow obvioUSI) because in distribution of population.
TABLE 2 Decadal Change in Distribution of Population
------_ ------_------Population ,------..A.__ -'- ______Percentage decadaJ 1971 1981 Variation ( 1971-81 ) 81. Nam~ of ,------!l..------, ,--- - ___..A. ------, r----_..A...---~ No. Tahsil TOWI Rural Urban Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban ------_ - --- -_ ------..... _--- 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 ------~------
LO].l;hnadon Tallsil 255,8! 5 250,635 5,180 316,816 308,129 8,687 +23.85 +22.94 +67.70 2 Seoni Tahsil 412,537 374,141 38,396 492,2'97 43~,880 54,Ol7 +19.48 +17.30 +40.68
Total: Di~trict 6(;8,352 624,176 4 ~,576 809,713 H7.009
The district has registered a growth rate of2I.15 gnocl response by the people towards Family Welfare per cent during the decade 1971-81 as against the Programmes. This is evident from the fact ~hat the S'tate average of 25.27. There has, however, been an pedormance of sterilisation since the Inception. of the appreciahle pecrease in the growth-rate during this scheme till 1981 was 47,258 of which the sterilisation decade over that of the previous decade when it had rate per 1000 population works out to 58.38. recorded a growth.rate of 27.61 per cent which is an all time high during the present century. The fall in The followIng table gives the decadal growth or the growth-rate of population of the district during population of the district since ISOI. the present decade ie. 1971-81 seems to be due to
Table 2.1 Decadal growth of population 1901-1981 ------.------_---- District Census Population % Decadal year growth,rate ~ ------_------.. _------Seoni 1901 328,231 1911 39 6,165 +20.68 1921 34~.871 -)1.94 1931 393.732 +12..86 1941 423,333 + 7.52 1951 434,061 + 2.53 1961 523,741 +20.66 1971 668,352 +27.61 1981 809,713 -. - 21.15 ------._------__..._------_ ...... - XXV
The J istrict ha:! a chcqu~red growth of popula· reflected a relatively higher growth-ratc of population tion till HSI and thereafter there has been a spurt in at the count of 19~1 th:lll that in 1941 although there the growth-rate. The 1901·11 decade was preceded by is Dothin!; on record to show that the decade 1931·41 the yean of continuous calamity. Apart from the had suffered with any upheavals. severe epidemics, there were s"vere famines in the year [898 and 19UO. This has resulted in a steep fall The 1941·51 bad, bowever, reglst( red a low in population at {he count of 1901. In the decade growth·rate of population. There is no mention in the Census report of 1951 about the abnormally low 1901.11, the causes which had decimated the popula' growth·rate of population during this decade ie. tion in the preceding decade were not operative and 1941·5 I,. However local enq uiries were mao e in 1961 the Census report of 1911 records only deaths Jue to by Shri G. N. Tiwari, the then Dy. Supcrlllielld Clnt of plague epidemics. Th0ugh the year 1903, IS06,1907 Census Operations, Madhya Pradesb, who has record ed anrl 1910 are described to be unhealthy years but tbe reasons in his note III thl.! Dbtrict Census Hand. these had little effect of lhe reproductIve powers of book of Seoni* 1961 Census: the rODuhtion. The other important factor whi,h seems to have contributed to the rapid growth of "At the 1951 Cenqlls al~o. the very low rate of populatiOn was the l:OnstructlOn of railway llUe in the of increase attained by the district failed to attract district. noUce of 1951 Superintendent of Census OperatIOns, Madhya Pradesh, because (perhaps) of Seoni being a The 1911·~ I decad e proved to be the worst uue to part of Chbindwara di~trict th~n. Edquiry wa~ mlde the fact that the district W3.S grjpp~d wllh the fatal from Colkctor of CbhiJ1(lwa: ,l who came Oll twit h tIle influenza epidemics which appeare::l in ~eptember information that there !Vas mlglation of consIderable 1918. Thiscontin:1cJ to decimate the population magnitude from ChhlOtiwara and S,oni d iSlricts oft\e uistl ict in 1919 also N lture's cruel spell took during the second World Waf, mO~,lly 10 tt,~ !lelghn". more than its far~ share which resultd in a redu-:tion uring district, Jabalpur. The I'ilgl:!: I,m, acco~dlrls to of population al the count of !Y21. The distress owing the Collector, was for occupatIOnal plJrpo.ts, because, to this scourge was gleater among the abor rgins. with the setting up of Ordnance faclone, <,I K hamaria and Murwara, the distrIct (lfl~rCd emplo),Hlcnt to a In lh~ J~ca,le 1921·31 til, general health of the very large n umber of persollS. Also tlit' .. ollector district is r~rorted to havr been g 03 throughout the partly explained the low growth by ascflbing it to decade, except in the year bLI when cholera took a emigration of Muslims to P"kistan after 1947" * toll of 5,224 lives. Agricultural conditions in L1khnadon tahsil were very bad in the years 1928 It is only after the 1951 Cc os us that the and 19N, when both Kharif and Rabi crops population of the district has becom.: stable and tbe suffered damages. In Seoni tahSIl, however. the successive censuses have shown reeoro increase Of eistern Pdft s\1rf~red severely. But these calamities had population. During the period I'iJl.81 Ihe district little eff~ct 0n the population growth and the district was free from any calamity and tbe h igb growth·rates recllcdl:d a growth.rate of I ~.86 per cent at the count recorded during these years may be ascrib~d to expan. of 19Ji. sion of medical services and extent ion of public health programmes and developmrntal aCllvities The dtcade 1931-41 shows a relatively low in various fields by economic activity t11ro ugh Succe. growth.rate of population as compared to that of ssive Five Year Plans. The 1971·81 decade has, 1921.:; I. The rapid recovery of population after the however, shown a fall in tbe growth-rate i(1fropula great influenza epidemics of 1911.21 seems to have tion wbich has already been dealt with earlier.
_------~~-
-District Census Handbook, Seoni District, 1961 Census, PP xlii xxvi
The following table gives the distribution or ,illages by population ranges ~
TABLE 3
DistributioD of villages by population rllnges
--~------__..._ ----_. ----_ - ..... - ---- Seoni District Lakhnadon tahsil Seol)i tahsil ,----.A.-.---'"""I f-:--.A.------. (---.A.~- __ Ra~ge of No. of villa ges Percentage No. or Percentar- No. of Percentage population in each range Villages in villages in each range each range ------,-----"----- 2 4 5 6 7 __ ~_ .______-_-______r...- ______
less than 200 342 21.29 198 24.30 144 18.21
2{lO-~99 776 48.32 461 55.56 315 39.82
500 ~ 1 ,999 466 29.02 149 18.28 317 40.08
2,000-4,999 19 1.1g 6 o 74 13 1. 64
5,000-9,999 ;l 0.19 0'12 2 0.25
]0.000+
------~ --- .... ------...------_.. _----_-._-~. __
Total 1,606 100.00 815 100.00 791 IOO.OU ------_"'"-- Seoni is one of the districts with preponderantly total villages in Lakhnadon tahsil are small village small-sized villages. The number of villages having with population below 50U in each of which 24.30 per a population of less than 500 accounts for 69.61 per cent are smallest in si7.e with population less than cent of the total number of villages whereas the 200, while Seoni tahsil has relatively large sized corresponding average for the State as a WhOle is 58.Sl villages. Villages with population less than 500 per cent. If we consider the range 500-],999 to be account for 5&.03 per cent in Seoni tahsil. Medium the med lum size then 29.02 per cent of the villages size village~ in Seoni tahsil account for 40.08 per cent in the district come under this category. There are as against Lakhandon's 18.28 per cent. The average only 22 out of a total of 1606 inhabited villages which population per village is also very low (378) in have a Ilopulat;on of 20CO or mOl e is eacb. This Lakhnadon while that in Seoni tabsil!t is 555. Tbe accounts for only I. 27 per cent of the total villages. variation seems to be due to tl}e fact that Seoni Tabsil is more fertile than Lakbnadon and therefore The two tahsils present a contrast so far as the it has relatively large sized villages with higber sizes of villages are concerned. 80.86 per cent oftb" density of population. xxvii
'The follOl¥ing table gives the qistribution of villages by density.
TABLE 4
lJistribution of Villages by DeDSity
------_._-_----_.. __ ---_------Seoni District Lakhnadon Tahsil Seoni Tahsil
,-----..A.----"' ,---~----..A..-- --""""I r---..A.---""""I Range of density Total No. Percentage Total No. of Percentage Total No. of Percantago (Per sq.km) of villages villages in villages in in each tach range each range density range ------.. _------__.,_...__------2 3 4 6 7 -_. __ ------_ ------....------
10 17 1.06 6 0.74 11 1. 39
11- 20 22 1. 37 9 1.10 13 1.64
21- 50 147 9. 15 81 9.94 66 8.34
51-100 681 4:1 .40 403 49.44 278 35.15
101-200 568 35.37 278 34.11 290 36.66
201·-300 114 7.10 21 2.58 93 11 .76
3111-500 43 2.68 11 1. 35 32 4.05
501 J.. 14 0.87 6 0.74 8 1.01 - -..------
Total 1,606 100.00 815 100.00 100.00
------_-- - .----~------
It is interesting to note that as the density the villages in the district lie in the density range range increases till it reaches the range 51·100 the 51-100 because of the district being sparsely popu number of viII ages falJing under each is found to be lated. Lakhnadon tahsil has the highest number of successively increasing and thereafter with the viIlage lying in the density range 51-100 while in increase in the density range, the number of villages Seoni tahsil, the higher range ie. 100-200 has the falling under each tends to decrease. Thus most of highest number of villages. xxviii
Tlle following table aiVCi the proportion of Scheduled Castes population to total population in the villages.
TABLE 5
Proportion of S~heduled Castes Population to tetal Population in Villagel
------_... _------Seoni District Lakhnadon Tahsil Seoni Tahsil ,---.J....----, , ____ ..A. ___ -, ,---..A.-~ Percentage range of No. of Percent aile No. of Percentage No. of Percentalo scheduled castes vi lIages villages in villages in population to in each each ra.nge each range ------_._------_-.._-lotal population range
2 3 4 6 7
-----_.. ------..------
Nil 319 91.86 212 26.01 107 13.53
0- 5 4311 26.96 202 24.79 231 29.20
6-10 320 19.93 J 27 15.58 193 24.40
II-IS 190 11.83 101 12.39 89 11.25
16-20 116 7.22 61 7.49 55 6.95
21-JO 110 6.85 59 7.24 51 6.45
31 and above 118 7.35 53 6 .50 65 8.22 -----,------._------_._--_------_-
Total 1.606 100.00 815 100.00 791 100.00 ------The percentage of scheduled castes population majority of the villa!es (26.96 per cent) in the to total rural population of the district works out district have a small concentration ie. loss then 5 to 10.76 which is much below the corresponding per cent of scheduled castes popUlation. The State average of 14.04. There are as many as 319 distribution of scbeduled castes population is mote out of a total of 1606 villages in the district which or less even in d iffernt size classes ot villages as do not have in them any scheduled castes population would be evident from the followins table. Tbis acounts for 19.86 per cent of the total villa8es. xxix
Table 5.1
Proportion and Scheduled Castes by population range of villages
------~------population Total rural Scheduled Castes %of SC to total Population Population rural population ------_._------range 2 3 4 ------~------Less than 200 41,525 3,940 9.49 200-499 257,724 27,777 10.n 500-1,999 377,144 42,265 11. 21 2000 -4,999 51,212 4,396 8.58 5006-9,999 19,404 1,976 10.18 10,000+ _-----_------Total 747,009 80,352 10 76 -----__ .. --_------_"_-- - --_---- - Lakhnadon tahsil has relatively smaller The following table gives the proportion of. concentration of scheduled castes population as Soheduled Tribes population in the villages. coInpared to that in Seoni tahsil.
TABLE 6
Proportion of Scbeduled Tribes population to total populatian j" lire "iIIfl'fS ------_------_ --_------Percentage Range Seoni District Lakhnadon Tahsil Seoni Ta1lSii , ___----....A.-. ___, , ____ A.__ ---.., of Scheduled Tribes ,.----.A.-__~ population 10 No. of Percentage No. of Percentage No. of Perce ntage total population villages vill3ges Villages in each in each in each range range range
2 3 4 5 6 7 ------_------Nil 46 2.86 15 1.84 31 3.n 0-5 92 S.73 24 2.95 68 8.60 6-15 158 9.84 45 5.52 113 14.28 16-25 171 10.65 64 7.85 107 J3 .53 26-35 156 9.71 58 7.12 98 12.3Y 36-50 182 11. 33 75 9.20 107 1 3.53 51 and above 801 .49.88 534 65.52 267 33.75
Total 1,606 100.00 SIS 100.00 791 JOO.OO ------_._------The percentage of scbOO uled tribes population proportion of' sched uled tribes population with living in villages to total rural population of the relatively low proportion of scheduled castes district works out to 38.~9. whereas the corres popUlation. ponding State average is 27.78 per cent. In a preponderantly tirbal State like Mad hya Predesn. It is interesting to note that about 50 per cent a. noticeable fealure is tbat the district'll with low of the villages hiwe the highest percentage of proportion of scheduled castes population have sched uled tri bes population. The following table relatively high proportion of scheduled tribes popu may further elucidate whether tho concentration is lation and vice- versa. Seoni district il having higher in s mailer villages or bigger villages. Table 6.C-- Total rural population and Scheduled Tribes by population range of villages
Pupuhtioll Total rural Scheduled ~~of S.T. to (otal range popUlation tribes rural population
------, - ,------~ ------._------2 3 4 --- __ ... _-_- ._------.:.:.._------"------... _----- Less than 200 41,525 27,820 67.00 200-499 257,724 141 ,250 54.81 500-1,999 377,144 '112,758 29.90 .-; [i 2,000-4,999 51,212 8,061 15.75 5,000-9.999 19,404 1,340 6.91 10,000+ - -_._------_-----: _' ------'J -_ Total 747,009 .' '" 291,235 38.99 _-- ~------_ - -_- -_ ---_#------The above table clearly brings out the fact that the concentration of scheduled tribes is most Iv in The following table gives the propo.rtion of smaller villages. It is Lakbnadon tahsil where the ~heduled castes/scheduled tribes population in concentration of scheduled tribes is highest because towns. of its having larger numbeF of smaller villages and hilly tra.ct. TABLE 7
Proportion gf Scbeduled Castes/Scheduled Tribes Population in Towns
-_ ------_------~--- - .. --_ Name of the Town Total Total Scheduled Total Scheduled P~rcentage of Scheduled Percentage of Scheduled Pop'olla- Caste population Tribe population Castes population 10, Tribe population to lion total population total population ------_-----..-_ --_-.... _------2 3 4 5 Ii ------_.... _------_.. __ .. ------Lakhnadon 8,687 931 753 10.72 8.67 'Seoni 54,017 4,250 2,357 7.87 4.36 -_ ------All Towns 62,104 s,181 3,110 8.26 4.96 ------.------xxxi
The pro}J0rtions of scheduled calltes and their economy is overwhelminglY dominated by scheduled tribes popuJati0n to total population in agriculture. both the towns of the district are very low. The 10W literacy rate among the population of these cammu ,The following table gives the literacy rete by nities continues to be a hinderaoce in availing the populalion ranges of villages. facility of job opportunities for them and therefore
TABLE 8
Literacy rate by population range of lillages ------_._------Seoni District Lakhnadon Tahsil , ____-A- __, Setini Tahsil Range of , ____.A.______, r-----.A.---~ population No. of Percentaae No. of Percentage No. of percentaee villages in villaaes in villages eactl range each range each range
- -~------.------~------..------._ ~ . 3 4 ; 6 7 ------
Less than 200 342 13.70 198 11.89 144 16.38
200- 499 176 17.63 461 14.85 315 21. 65
500·-1,999 4,,6 26.15 149 21. 80 3' 7 27.82
2,000-4,999 19 38.92 6 45.12 13 35.43
5,000-9,999 3 53.87 57.64 2 51.25
10,000+ _._.------.. _------'"--- ._--_ Total 1,606 14.11 815 19.89 791 27 08 _------_. -----_._------_---- The following table gives the lIteracy rates The literacy rate is found to be increasing far towns. successively with increase in the population range of TARLE 9 villa!!es. This is obviously because more educational facilities become available in bigger villages. It is Literacy Rates for Towns heartening to note that the literacy rate in rural areas of the district is 24.11 percent which is higher Name of Town Literacy Rate than the corresponding State average of 21.22 per cent. The highest fate of 53.87 per cent is fount! to 2 bl! in bigger villages of 5000-9999 range. Lakhnadon tahsil presents a better pIcture so far as the literacy Lakhnadon 56.65 rales in vitlages of size 2.000-4,999 is concerned as Seoni 62.28 compared to that of Seoni tahsil but both the tahsils are far ahead of mellY advanced districts. All Towns 61,50 ------xxxii
Literacy is generally associated with urbani urban centre in the district with highest literacy rate of 62.'28 per cent while !"lkhnadon is a small sation. Greater the urbanisation of an ar~a, higher tOwn is the literacy rate found there. Seoni being the with lower rate (56.65 per cent) than Seoni. district and tahsil headquarters town is a large
The following table gives the literates, Workers, Don-workers, sche~1l1ed castesfscheduJed ttibes: TABLE Literates, Workers, Non-workers, Scheduled Castes,
------_--_------_------.. ------PERCEN r:------S.C. S.T. M:,in workers
Population Popul:.tion Literates (0 total to totnl Name of Total! Total Population to total to total Population Population ..A- District! Rllral! , --,A, -----, po,)ula p.:.puI1- , __ ~..A-___.-. ,---- -_. --, r ahsil Urban P M F tion tion P M F P M F
.-~---.------~------.. ___ ------_._------_-_ .. _--- 2 J 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
,__--_--... _-- .. -----_---_ --_ .. --- - -"- -_----- ~- .---~----.--
11 ~foni T 809,713 408,441 401,272 10.56 36.35 27.01 38.29 15.53 43.00 55.34 34.34 District R 747.009 375,415 371,594 10,76 ~8.99 2~ .11 35.39 12.72 44.32 56.24 32.23 U 62.704 33,026 29,678 8.26 4 96 61 50 71.23 50.66 2'.24 43.09 7 37
Lakhmd\)n T 316,816 160,50R 156,308 10.45 5.~. 52 20.89 31. 2+ 10.27 42.60 55.00 29. gr, Tahsil R 3C8,I29 155,971 152,158 10.44 51.70 Ig.R? 30.24 9.28 43.00 55.24 30.-,6 U 8,687 4,537 4,150 10.72 8.67 56.65 65.88 46.55 28. z:: 46.84 7.88
2 Seooi T 492, ~97 247,933 244,964 10.64 27.24 30.94 42.85 18.88 43.26 55.56 30.81 Tahsil R 438,880 219,444 219,436 10.98 30.06 27.08 39.06 t 5 . 11 .~5 25 56.95 33.55 U 54,017 28,489 25,528 7.87 4.36 62.28 72.08 51. 33 27 08 44.81 7.29
---~ ------~------.. ------,~-~------xxxiii
10 Scheduled Tribes Population in the district
--_.... _------TAGB ..A.______• ______
Marginal workers to Total workers to Non-workers to total total populatioIJ total population population Name of Totall ,..------.A. ___"""""' r---- ..A... ____"""""' ,-___ ..A. ___"""""' District! Rural I p p M F M F P M F Tahsil Urban ---_._--_.------~ --_------_.. _- - ! 4 15 16 17 Is 19 20 21 22 2 -----.~------.---- .. ------__. - --'------
6.4'1 I. 10 11.99 49.49 56.44 42.42 50.51 43.56 57.58 SeflDi T District 6.98 I 16 12.86 51.30 57.40 4S.14 48.70 42.60 54.86 R 0.70 0.42 1.01 27.94 45.51 1·38 72.06 54.49 91.62 U 7'07 1.20 13.09 49.67 56.21 42.95 SO.33 43.79 57.05 LakhnadoTI T Tahsil 7.18 1.17 13.35 50.19 56.41 43.81 49.81 43.59 56.19 R 2.99 2 40 3.64 31.22 49.24 11.52 68.78 50.76 .. 88.48 U
6.13 1.03 11.28 49.38 56.59 42.09 50.62 43.14 57.91 Seoni T Tahsil 6.84 ]. 15 12.52 52.09 58.10 46.07 47.91 41.90 53.93 R 0.33 0.10 0.58 27.41 44 91 7.87 72.59 55.09 92 13 U
--- _-"---_ .. _------.. ------~--.---,_ llIxiv
The total population of the district is 809.713 Sex-Ratio: The sex-ratio ie. the number of with 747, 039 living in villages and 62,704 residing females per 1000 males in the district works out to in towns of the district. In terms of population 982 which is higher than the State average of 941. The northern districts are characterised with low the district ranks 33rd among the 45 districts of the sex-ratio while the districts situated in the southern State and contains 1.55 per cent of States population. and south-eastern parts of the State are characterised with high sex-ratio., Of the two tahsils in the district, Seoni tahsil is bigger both in terllls of area and poulation tban The following table gives a cOlllpartative picture Lakhnadon. of the sex-ratio in the district and State since 1901.
Table 10. J
Sex ...... Uo 10 State and Seoni district, .1901-81 , ------_---_.. _------Sex-Ratio r------..A.. ______.., Census Year Madhy.. Pradesh Seoni District r ______..A.. ___ ---, r------..A..------Total Rural Urban Tolal Rural Urbln ------.- ~------...... -- -_.. __ ._------2 3 4 5 6 7 _.. --- .--- --_------.----~------_------.------1901 990 935 - 937 1,069 1,068 1,084 1!}11 986 991 913 1,053 1,053 1,053 1921 974 982 878 1,045 1,048 95Scheduled CastesJS~~edulel Tribvs: scheduled'in this district has now been enumerated at tbe 1981 Census thereby boosting the figure 6f Scbeduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes respe Scheduled Castes. ctively constitute 10.56 per cent and 36.35 per cent or the total population of the di'strict while the corres So far as the growth of scheduled tribes po up ponding percentage for tbe State as a whole works lation is concerned it has been rather low (17.47 per out to 14.10 and 22.97. It is generally observed that cent) during the decade 1971-81 as compared to the where the proportion of Scheduled tribes pOllulation growth-~ate of (21.15 per cent) of the general is high, the proportion of scheduled castes population population. ,', is correspondingly low. Seoni district is characterised "ith a low proportion of scheduled castes and a higb:) Another fellture which is common in manvdistrict proportion or scheduled tribes. of the State is 'that the proportion of sChedul~d castes and sclieduled tribes is "always more in' rural arells Seoni district contains only 1.16 per cent of the as compared to that iil 'IlrbatJ. areas.· This is, however. total scheduled caste~ population in the State but the SIgnIfIcant in the case of' scheduled tribes so' far as percentage 'of scheduled castes population to total this district is concerned. population of the district works out to 10;56. While in the case of scheduled tribes only 2.46 per cent of While the concentration of sched ulee castes is thier total pvpulation in the State lives in this district even in both the tahsils, the concentration of Sche which on the other hand constitutes 36':5 per cent of duled tribes is as high as 50.52 percent in Lakhnadon the lOtal population of the district. tahsil as compared to 27.24 per cent in Seoni tabSil.
The Scheduled Castes population has registered Literacy: The literacy rate has moved up from 21.31 a growth of 88.85 per cent dUring the decade 1971-81. per ~ent in 1971 to 27.01 per cent in 19U shoWil1g The phendmenal grolVth among the scllellul~d castes an Increase of 26.75 per cent during the decdde. is not due to any biologicalphenomenon but because The following table gives the literacy rates for the of the removal of area restriction. A sizeable State and Seoni district for total, rural and urban populatIon of Katia or Pdtheria which was not earlier popUlation and by sex.
Table 10.2 Literacy rate, 1981
- -~----~------_------Total/Rural Madhya Pradesh Seolli District Urban _____~-A_------,------.)....------P~rsons Males Females Persons Males Females ------.._--_------_ ------2 4 s 6 7
------..._------~------1'ot~1 Popul?tion 27'87 39,49 15.53 27.01 38,29 15.53 Rural Population 21.22 32.9L 8,99 24.11 35.39 12 72 Urban Population 54.02 64,4l 42.26 61. 50 71. :3 50.66 ---_------.------~------.------._------The literacy rates among persons, males and among tbe 45 districts in the State. [t is beartening females for the total population in the district are to note that a good strid e has been mad e by the nearer to the State averages. But in the case of district in tbe field of female education. both rural and urban population tbe rates are bigner in the Jistrict on all score. If we consider Among the t'wo tahsils, Seoni has higher tlie ranking of (he district, . in terms cf literacy rates literacy rates lIlUong persons, males and females. among persons, males and females, Seoni district Seoni being the district headquarters tahsil ha$ stands at 21st, 26th and 17th positions respectively better educational facihtiei as compared to xxxvi
LakbnadoD tahsil. Moreover tbe later tahsil engaged in cultivation (cultivators a~d agricultural consists of a larger seament of scheduled tribes popu labourers taken together). Rice i. tbe important crop lation who are still backward in the field of grown in the district al the acreage under paddy education. accounts for 23.41 per cent of the total cropped area. The next important crop is wheat with 19.88 per Participation Rate:- Tbe definition of workers, cent of the total cropped· area as per statistics marginal workers and non-worken has already been avilable for 1980-81. It is wortb nothing that the given of the beginning of the note. . cropping pattern of the district has changed over The participation rate is the percentage of workers the years as wheat was the important crop during (Main workers and marginal workers taken togetbeq 196()"'61 accounting for 25.6 per cent of the total to total population of the district works out to 49.49 cropped anos followed by lice (paddy) with 22.3 per cent (56.44 per cent for males and 42.52 per cent per cent. for females) as- against tbe State average of 42.93 The percentage of workers engaged in House (54.48 pre cent for males and 30.65 per cent for hold industry is 2.07 which is insingificant as females). It may be intere~ting to note that tbe cpmpared to tbe State average of 3.52 per cent. The female participation rate in the district is quite high household industries in the district arc mostly tradi which is a peculiarity of the Gondwana aud tional connected with particular castes. Because of Cbbatisgarb tracts of tbe State. This is mainly due rich forests making of wooden structural goods and to this being rice growing tracts and paddy culti bamboo baskets etc are quite common industries. vation requires extra manpower which is met by female workers. The proportion of workers engaged in otherservi ces including large scale industries is very low as there Main workers constitute 43 per cent of the total population of the district while marginal workers is hardly any large ind ustry worth mentioning. constitute 6.49 per cent which is significantly high as Industrially, it is a backward district. The follOWing compared to the nOI thern distncts ofUt he Slate. table t;ives a comparative picture of the distribution of workers by broad industrial calc:gories iu the Agriculture is the mainstay of tbe population State and the district. in this district as 85.28 per cent of the workers are
Table 10.3 Percentage diltributiou of main workers by broad categories
------.. ------__;;.., ------~------State! T Percentage tlistribut ion R - -_ ------_------~------DistriCt U Cultivators Agricultural HousehOld Other labourers industry Workers
4 __• __ ---.. 0 - ______• ..._.------_-_-_---- Madhya T 5[.96 24.24 3.52 20.28 pradesh R 59.95 27.45 3.04 9.56 1I 7.36 6.30 6.18 80.16 Seoli T 52 55 32.'13 2.07 12.65 District R 55.05 34.17 1. 79 8.99 U 4.02 4.69 7.53 83.76 -----_---- _------.,.- - .. ------~------The low proportion of cuhivators and relatively are indications of the fact that landless labourers lllgh pJOportion of ilgricultural labourers in the are proportionately bigb in the district. district as com;> ared [0 [he State averages , ~ I : I!' .", ! .l
o ,0 , .(/1]>-I -11;1 ';til: n-~ 'I '-I" (/I~" • !'1 m
:F .,O~ I. ;I f: MADHYA PRAQ~SH TAHSIL LAKHNADON DISTRICT SEONI
\
REFERENCE
!OIJNDARV:DISTRICT" TAHIL,. VILLAGE WITH LOCAT~H COOE HUHIER, i~~~=: HEIOOUIRtfRS:TIHSIL. @ VILLAGES WITH POPULITION SIZE: mow 100, 200-499, 100-999, 1000-4999, 1000 IAIOVE "I', UNINHA~TED VILLAGES, x URIIHAREA~THLOCAmNCODE, D NATIONAL HIONWAV, '''' __w__ METALLED ROAD , UHHITILLEOROIO. . .. ",====='=== RAILWAY llHE WITH STIIIOH: NARROWOAUGE
RIVER ANO~REAM" '( FORESTIR!! \) o POST OFFICE/POST AHO TELEORIPHOFFICE '0/110 , I HIGHERSECONOARVSCHOOL POLICE STATION HosmAL,PRIMARYHEILTH CENTRE,OISPEHIIRY, IB,~ ,+ MIRKET/HIT,HIHOIES un ,- .GAISl uti ItIOW~ All Nn (l.lllilll. o
J qaT"l{T~~l ( VlQ) ~, ~)
------~------,,------
II1f a fir iii! lfrIl KI;ftQ'~~ 'iii! UfIf iii! ;nil Kloitlf "');: 'lWl~ r-----"----. q., r----J-_ "" 1971 1981 1971 1981
------.~~------~--&---- 2 3 4 2 3 4 ------_..-&
37fl <;f1lJ'IRR ~I<:r
25 ~lff<'fl(T ~ • 481 138
718 'l'OIf;r!!T 513 9 9 2 .;ifni 5(>9 26 h~~,!~ 688 472 'l'f.1f1 775 3 21 ~~,7,!~ 179 134 182 380 4 i1'gt!T~ 541 748 5 il!iI>.nn 446 6 il!'!fnfl~1i!T ~52 253 451 7 il!!!P:~ ~ 424 78 28 ","Hm 27 212 g il!?:llfl 369 170 29 \R1.l1' 825 617 9 amu~. 189 3"87 3"0 ",,!,~ 720 517 10 !!n!~lll 702 492 31 'dIlRIfI 531 733 II il!'f'i'lT5T 845 1143 12 atlf~)l;I1 (
17 anitlTl'r 1l. 370 171 arl ls9 18 811lft 388 577 658 19 an~ 36 1l1;if,r 31S 24 713 565 20 anm~lfl. 37 Q't<:T'lr'lT ~. 319 31 21 811lTTVTii: ~. 772 566 781 22 ~lTr'l'","1 639
~ 38 ,"",,<1<'11 146 344 39 "''''''f;;rr 765 560. 23 ,&:'I<'!Tqol~ It.TT, 552 143 40 ~"I'I'I 430 84 24 ~(1)'loT' lTT • 553 142 41 .. fc>------",roll" ..".. VIII' 'liT 11'111' ~ II'l1l It1f 1fII" Ifl" iI ~lfl ~ m AIR ,-~ tfi1lT -----"-- -"""'\ 1971 1981 1'71 1981 ------... _------I 2 3 4 2 3 4
------~------
37/1 ~'l'f~f.r if~
42 '!\"~ 755 552 74 'H'ft 31g 34 43 ~{I 361 161 75 ~;;;) 661 810 44 ~tt' 159 359 76 ~~)'I'n: 697 497 45 ~ 512 717 77 ~s"rqn: 786 582 4'6 'n~~ 664 816 78 ~~) "l,!l'llU 251 447 356 47 '!\"nH. 157 79 ~;~ 710 50S ),)0 't~r ~. 392 194 69 f'fR",,!~ 93 280 101 '!\"]a,' 452 108 70 t~ 745 540 102 ,"''!f1l'1!fTa' 305 14
11 ~'f" 746 539 103 'lfri;'I'T ~, 91 277 72 ¢r.n 293 637 104 ,")~T '(. 321 33 73 F.l'ir 673 825 lOS 'lfrf;;;lf[ 1l'1«. 543 746 3
"oT"ql~Qt'{ VlQ{ llfil ~~) .
------~------
!PI IIt11'~.lfI1I f.mlt~~ '111 IIt1I' 'Iilll'lll ~l:f~)t~ ~ ,----..A------w.n '-:-_.A._':""-. 1971 1981 '1\171 . 1981
------~------2 4 2 4
-----_- --- ~----~------_------" -
.-" - .. ,.- .._-_ ~ --
37/1 I'ri"fRR (1~
542 747 135 'l<:!ll'1T, 284 630 106 mf~(~. 136 ~'!llqr~ 405 309 137 ~<:(!I'fT' 727 526 138 ~c 1lfl[f~l:f1 72 255 139 ~iI''r~. 1 Iil':;p;r 178 376 107 140 oi'H,r 134 332 337 48 108 nf''1T 141 $,'1'i Ill, 590 671 5 5 117 ~>:l:f! 150 ;i,'T liT. 217 425 360 162 J18 ..1If'1fI 151 111ft ~ . 5~9 672 814 60~ ijjt'i ~, 228 426 119 vqf,!IT 152 160 354 120 Vlll<:! t. 38 224 121 liT'!I 310 32 122 IiI'lT 250 450 IiI'lT 123 179 377 728 153 tirrt 124 IiI'lT 523 836 BOI I S4 ti'l~ 383 184 125 ~rr'lT 100 287 155 ti'l~~ 527 731 126 151m'!:. 81 274 156 tiTTt lion: 528 734 121 lill1(T 86 273 l~~. 526 732 128 lillff ~. 157 633 131 524 129 fu,\iau 287 158 "lI'!' 637 778 ------IR VJ1I' IJI 111'1 ~R')!(mlJt:ill !!ilf Imf IJit Ifflf ~m~ " , .., r-~ d"" _--A--~ 1971 1981 1'71 1981
----_-- -~------l 3 4 2 3 4 ------_ ------_-----
3 7/1 ~i(''fT~ ~~"r(ll'
164 or'iwi'fllt 598 679 196 >iro .TiI' 304 18 165 '[tmlfl 'ltlit 213 412 197 '1)f~ 246 444 166 >nlil&;'l' t. 212 410 198 ~'" 836 ]67 ~'ffiIT ~, 480 132 199 ,,~ 501 707
168 ~I~ 659 812 169 'll,,!I'IlT lfr.1'. 41 228 179 ~~~. 42 229 1146 8~4 171 ",~ro (",~,) 200 ,,~,') 675 828 530 735 t72 "'~mc 201 "''!till 799 595 2~8 634 t73 ~l!ITc 202 'IfIcfmlfl 235 4J3 174 tTT~!f'c 273 483 203 ,!'1Im 412 75 175 "'WI.' i. 798 587 204 '!'fUm 106 291 1-76 '!''!iI') f09 296 205 ,{!![tH, 105 292 823 618 177 ,!:'If~ 206 ~Co!T 780 513 178 I!'''~m 599 680 201 '!'f{ 608 6'>0 353 156 .79 ,!·~t 208 ,!,"I~ 107 294 180 '1.. ,T' 580 660 209 Iir>r>;,) 341 54 t81 ,!liIifT 564 643 210 'EI1!fU 130 429 329 182 TJifl l!1l'!l. 515 720 211 !iI'n) 40 693 1'83 '1"'" t. 514 719 212 "I",) 488 184 '!ot;:') 693 477 213 .nau 70 256 797 214 '1lU'') 443 9) 1'85 '!"'l"" 832 >i1!T;:! 647 78 ~ 186 "',', 53 240 215 '11<) '1fT"'. 219 615 187 ,!qT~T 561 644 216 on'l,') t 281 627 1'8& 1O'li0l'lTlfT! 708 501 217 489 692 23 214 218 lirt'n't ~. 189 "",,,"01'i' 219 ~1Vi'1 804 604 190 "ll<'lf 778 572 1;91 ,,~ 626 771 192 "T~IiI~' 511 713 193 ,,)t~ 570 652 194 rIT,I;J~~ ]88 386 220 ;til 522 727 469 19S i[)~1~ 41'1 71 221 'IJ~8IT 685 S
.ur .. rfT~"n IPf) ~) 'J-) ------'lPf 1I(If III IIl1I ....li'Iqlli'lw~ '111 ~N III ..,. .... ;ftq.'-~ ., r----"----.. ..., ,..----"--- 1971 1981 1971 1981 ------2 3 4 2 3 4 --_------
37/1 ON'I'n::r.r ~~~
222 ~ 477 131 250 151 249 ~I 389 191 280 6
l!.foT'lIiItT~"r{ Vl~llfil ~1
______-- - -._,...- -- - ______4 ______
.. , lIN .... ltlJl ~l;ftlt m ~1'41~ !IIiJf tmf 'llir 11111 ~m~ ,AIn r--~ 611fT _--J,._~ 1971 1981 1971 1981 ------_._------1 3 4 2 3 4 ------.__------_ ------
37/1 ~"I'r<:"281 mrerr;ft 645 786 307 ~'1ff~ltT 'II. 585 6157 282 mT316 iFld. 314 23 317 ~f(lfI ~. 448 102 318 ~;ot' 415 69 293 792 585 mr ''''IT 319 ~rn I'll. 71 264 797 588 294 f?;'RI"H~ 'ft~ ~ . 3':0 itn ~. 78 265 736 530 295 fllliRltI 321 ~)51 3H 56
~
296 wtlT'f'itir 559 317 322 'ff'iifl 50; 710 297 Wl1fl:, 818 612 300 ~'1ffrll' ' 730 ."23 326 f,fill! 150 347 301 ~'1ff,{lfI 816 611 327 fir.rIlT 476 130 302 '('1f'llT l. 390 190 328 f~i" 265 463 303 ~'>rfl:lf[ 34 2'Z3 329 fif<'f,m:t 623 764 304 t'lPltT 676 829 3~0 fu<'f")~ 484 135 30S ~:'JRll"r 231 42& 331 f<1~\.f1 419 73 306 (1ffWT~"'~~. 5E4 668 332 ,"er>:l 830 624 -,7
------...... ------
'IPf ' III rtr .. IIl1I ~m~ 'PI IIrv~ l1l1I ~;frlf'll'r.~ AIR r---"----o. ,..---__.,A__~ 1971 1981 "" 1971 1981 ------J 2 3 4 2 3 4
------~------~------~------
. 3 7/1 ~{f"l'j~f.l ~
333 qf'flfT lIT • 171 36S 359 ~I" 6.0 788 334 'lfif!fl.~ 172 369 360 ~r 115 311 335' i!1I~~~. 161 355 361 fwtr 170 370 336 l!~ ~. 446 IOD 3e2 wt,,~'{ 18'3 381 626 337 i!l{['!f)'!f'l 280 363 ~"i369 ~'{t (lBi 833 HD IITW '( , 81 ~68 370 ~.tr 58 245 34! lIT'!fl 43 226 371 ~'rft Pf;;;rt 491 69B 342 'I1~U 240 438 312 t;r.! Pf;\'l'j 254 452 343 ,<,'IU 680 832 373 «u~i ~O(i 711 344 ~rT~~ ~. 310 26 379 ~1-tt t. t62 360 347 ~fiI;m' 4 4 348 t. lI:lI'j;ft 735 529 349 :. lI:1.lJ" 5D 237 350 ~d 351 153 35 222 351 ~~f 450 104 380 fl''f'fi~rm. 25 21t 352 ;n:l;; ~;;rt 225 423 381 .V"I'Ii'Iift t. 801 601 353 ;n:1! ,oi 222 420 382 !llf,!~' 133 528 354 ~r!f1;~~T~. 696 498 383 $lill1!! 792 355 !{r.irI{!T 459 113 384 1I''I1,r 2~9 668 820 356 iUiflfm 753 547 385 llil"l1."ll 289 351 Ft'll-tt 436 90 386 !:lqt, JfPf. 102 103 290 358 f~~ihr !}'rI 435 39 387 fl'qn.1 i.. 8
m"~~~ 'lPtlllil ~
_-____- - ______-- ___o ___
... 1II1f lIlT It,. I"fflil'q Ifi'R I!~," !fill ~ 'Iil1fl1f ~.m~, n.t r--~ --__"__~ 1971 1981 "" 1971 1981 ------_._------2 3 4 2 3 4 ------_ ------_-----
37 t1 "11"lT~417 f;fal;ft 413 388 1f1:~r.r 700 494 216 411 418 f.r.m:i"·, 442 96 3'89 l:lT~fI 214 406 419 1!1f.!lH 618 762 390 SI~{t i". 208 It 7 391 Iil'Irn 333 46 3"92 mu"(l'i. '.10 276 :\93 ~Q1'1l~. 89 279 420 ;T11":!'!; 132 330 3<)"4 1:lT~~. 7'3 260 421 q~'1 203 401 395 !!m.! 1IT~ "i • 74 .;.61 422 qej 85 272 396 m~'" 95 283 423 705 499 397 '!'IT m<'I'. 1f'1;;r1~ 715 510 424 197 395 398 '!'II lIr"fC. ~fn.n 94 281 425 q:lfll1TT 498 703 4{)9 'l'I1J~i1R H9 306 439 q~,"T 662 814 4·10 ~ 7[ 254 4H "If~l{tlf;~; 482 139 . 440 "'~'T 757 5SS 4i2 'lT~%Jl'~i 486 140 44l q;;r~IJT 21S 416 413 'flf~'H" . 485 137 442 qorlft 330 43 414 f;;o;r.r) 744 538 443 ,,~~) 352 150 6 41S fif'1".o- 79<4 592 444 q{F{1" 6 19"~ 591 416 f'l~ llLO 602 445 qi1lfl 9
IJfQi,"r~,"'{ 1J1,,11lfi ~)
- -~------.. .IIl .r "'" ",lfill.~ IP lIN ~ ;Q1I ~.t.~ .. J , ... r--...... A--_ 1971 1981 1971 1981 ----}.------_...------2 4 3 1 2 3 4 --.-... ------
37/1 446 ~,~ 402 200 478 f'l'ffW 322 35 447 ~ 573 655 479 flNfw 467 124 480 448 'l't«~ 296 642 f'l'ff~lIT 767 SSg 481 449 'I't~ 464 118 f'l''I'f~lIT 066 818 482 4S0 'l'TC'f 340 52 fir'l'f~lIT *i2 -606 483 451 'fle.t 750 H4 fq-'I'~lIT ~. :524 729 484 fil"lf'lfi ~. 4~2 'l'f!"l' 1ft". 652 809 336 47 485 453 '!li!if'4. 651 806 R'I'hlff t 738 532 486 (599 495 454 'fl5'~IfT~. 20 207 '"If' i!')<'!T 487 '1'1'1'<: tTifl 45S 'l'1O~t. 21 208 437 '91 488 456 'l'1~tr 307 17 ~~ 111 567 489 ~.H. 98 285 457 'fl"'~ 15 202 458 '1Tlr.ft :191 673 490 Wl"m ~9't 114 30t 459 'fltr.J1 545 750 491 'j;iflfru ~;( 148 338 492 ';'lfl 385 460 o:w.rot"l ~I 469 122 187 493 '1"ql 111 461 'l'llfOIr ~i{ 470 123 ~. 304 462 '1flfo!\' IfTor. 16, 363 494 ';'Iff "I\If. nS ~§ 463 'flll''lftt. \66 364 495 '11" ~4,) 146 496 464 qRI 204 402 ~ --.------_. ------. , , .., VI1I 'Ii1 ",• PIIllil"1I ~il~ ~lr 1I(1f 'lit ;nil ~lIm~ IfRi r-~ IM1 _--..A-_-,. 1971 1981 1'71 1981 ------... _------..------_ :I 4 2 3 of ------...__,.------_ ------
37/1 ~:m'R i'fi;:ij"Tor
504 oim 39 231 536 lIt<'Tr 187 385 50S oiwl 117 375 537 ~r 579 664, 5J8 .n.-r( '06 !All! 34~ 59 290 636 507 iI'!!ll1 760 553 539 .'(<'11 677 8JI) 540 ;rt;ft 5{)& 'I'f»~ 453 109 724 514 541