DOCSLIB.ORG

Enhancing Job Opportunities for Skilled Women in the Palestinian Territories

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Enhancing Job Opportunities for Skilled Women in the Palestinian Territories Public Disclosure Authorized Enhancing job opportunities for skilled women in the Palestinian territories Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized 1 [Copyright page] ii Contents Acknowledgments .......................................................................................................................................... v Executive summary .........................................................................................................................................vi Abbreviations ................................................................................................................................................ xvi Chapter 1 – Introduction: Objectives, focus, and methodology .................................................................... 1 Objective of and motivation for this study ................................................................................................. 1 Rationale for focusing on the high-skilled .................................................................................................. 3 Methodology .............................................................................................................................................. 3 Organization of this report ......................................................................................................................... 6 Chapter 2 – The Challenge of skilled female unemployment ........................................................................ 7 Profile of unemployed skilled women ...................................................................................................... 10 Chapter 3 – Understanding the high rates of unemployment of skilled women ......................................... 14 Limited job opportunities for skilled workers .......................................................................................... 14 More limited jobs for skilled women than for skilled men in the private sector and in certain sectors and occupations ....................................................................................................................................... 19 Exclusion of skilled women from high-productivity entrepreneurial activities ....................................... 38 Chapter 4 – Policy Recommendations .......................................................................................................... 41 Short-term policy recommendations ....................................................................................................... 41 Medium-term policy recommendations .................................................................................................. 44 Chapter 5 - Conclusion ................................................................................................................................. 47 Appendixes .................................................................................................................................................. 48 A - Participants in qualitative data collection .......................................................................................... 48 B - Gender wage gap analysis tables ....................................................................................................... 52 C - The challenge of job creation in the Palestinian territories ............................................................... 54 References .................................................................................................................................................... 65 iii Figures 2.1 Unemployment rates of holders of advanced degrees at national level: selected economies, 2015 2.2 Composition of working-age population (15 and over), by sex and education: West Bank and Gaza, 2015 2.3 Labor force participation, by sex, education, and region: West Bank and Gaza, 2015 2.4 Unemployment rate, by sex, education, and region: West Bank and Gaza, 2015 2.5 Unemployment rate of postsecondary-educated women, by governorate: West Bank and Gaza, 2015 2.6 Unemployment rate of postsecondary-educated men, by governorate: West Bank and Gaza, 2015 2.7 Unemployment rate and composition of unemployment of postsecondary-educated men and women, by age cohort: West Bank and Gaza, 2015 2.8 Periods of unemployment of postsecondary-educated men and women: West Bank and Gaza, 2015 3.1 Percentage of skilled workers employed, by sector and sex: West Bank and Gaza, 2015 3.2 Employment of labor force, by education level: West Bank and Gaza, 2012–15 3.3 Percentage change in net employment between 2012 and 2015, by sector: West Bank and Gaza, 2015 3.4 Composition of sectoral employment for skilled workers, by sex: West Bank and Gaza, 2015 3.5 Percentage of skilled workers employed, by occupation and sex: West Bank and Gaza, 2015 3.6 Occupations of postsecondary-educated Palestinians, ISCO Sub-major Classification, 2015 3.7 Industries employing postsecondary-educated Palestinians, ISCO Sub-major Classification, 2015 3.8 Fields of postsecondary graduates (ISCED II): West Bank and Gaza, 2015–16 3.9 Share of male employment, by sector: West Bank and Gaza, 2000–2015 3.10 Share of female employment, by sector: West Bank and Gaza, 2000–2015 3.11 Net employment increase by economic activity between 2012 and 2015, West Bank and Gaza 3.12 Number of gender legal differences: selected economies, 2016 3.13 Percentage of firms with a female top manager: selected economies and years 3.14 Percentage of females with young businesses: selected economies, 2010 C.1 Labor force participation rate: West Bank and Gaza, 2000–2015 C.2 Unemployment rate: West Bank and Gaza, 2000–2015 C.3 Unemployment rate, by age group: West Bank and Gaza, 2015 C.4 Real GDP growth rates: West Bank and Gaza, 1995–Q1 2016 C.5 GDP and employment growth: West Bank and Gaza, 2000–2015 C.6 Employment and labor force growth rate: West Bank and Gaza, 2001–15 C.7 Sectoral composition of employment: West Bank and Gaza, 2000–2015 C.8 Relative composition of total employment: West Bank and Gaza: 1995 and 2015 C.9 Average daily real wage (NIS): West Bank and Gaza, 2000–2015 C.10 Mean performance in science on TIMSS, eighth-grade students, by GDP per capita: Selected economies iv Tables 3.1 Unemployment by field of education, 20–29-year-olds with a postsecondary education: West Bank and Gaza 3.2 Median daily wage for employed workers, by sex: West Bank and Gaza, 2015 A.1 Characteristics of focus group participants A.2 Characteristics of participants in employer Interviews A.3 Participants in key Informant Interviews B.1 Determinants of log hourly wage, 2015 B.2 Oaxaca decomposition of the difference in mean wages between males and females in the private sector v Acknowledgments This report was drafted by a team at the World Bank composed of Samira Hillis (program leader and task team leader), Jumana Alaref (social protection economist and task team leader), and Wouter Takkenberg (consultant). Valuable comments were received from peer reviewers Lucia Hanmer (lead economist) and Stefanie Koettl- Brodmann (senior economist), as well as from Carine Clert (lead social protection specialist), Cristobal Ridao-Cano (lead eonomist), and Nahla Zeitoun (senior social protection specialist). Suha Rabah (program assistant), Marie Agnes Huchard (program assistant), and Zein Daqqaq (team assistant) provided the team with administrative support. We thank the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) for granting access to microdata, as well as the Arab World for Research and Development (AWRAD) for excellent qualitative data collection and analysis. Finally, we are grateful for Sabra Ledent for professionally editing the report. Overall guidance was provided by Marina Wes (country director) and Hana Brixi (practice manager). This study was funded by the Norwegian government through the Norway West Bank and Gaza Support Trust Fund (NWBG–TF), which finances activities in support of the World Bank’s analytical and strategic program in the Palestinian territories. The team would like to express its gratitude to the Norwegian government for this important and timely contribution. vi Executive summary The lack of good job opportunities in the Palestinian territories (West Bank and Gaza) remains a central challenge to achieving inclusive growth, peace, and stability in the region. The unemployment rate in the Palestinian territories (PT) has remained stubbornly high since 2003, reaching 26 percent in 2015 and disproportionally affecting youth (41 percent) and women (39 percent). Meanwhile, there are stark differences in rates between the West Bank (26 percent) and Gaza (41 percent), and job informality has been persistently high, reaching 61 percent of the workforce in 2015. Limited job creation stems from low levels of private sector investment and its concentration in low- productivity sectors with weak potential for growth and job creation. This situation arises mainly from the ongoing conflict between the Palestinian territories and Israel. Volatile economic growth has not brought about employment growth, and the situation is not likely to improve in the medium term without meaningful changes in Israeli restrictions on trade, movement, and access. As noted, private sector investment remains low and far from sufficient to fuel adequate rates of economic growth, job creation, and reductions in unemployment. In addition, employment in productive tradable sectors such as manufacturing has shrunk, while
Load more

Recommended publications
  • COVID-19 and Gender Justice: FEMINISTS in MENA DEFYING GLOBAL STRUCTURAL FAILURE COVID-19 and GENDER JUSTICE: FEMINISTS in MENA DEFYING GLOBAL STRUCTURAL FAILURE
    COVID-19 and Gender Justice: FEMINISTS IN MENA DEFYING GLOBAL STRUCTURAL FAILURE COVID-19 AND GENDER JUSTICE: FEMINISTS IN MENA DEFYING GLOBAL STRUCTURAL FAILURE ©2020 Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom Permission is granted for non-commercial reproduction, copying, distribution, and transmission of this publication or parts thereof so long as full credit is given to the publishing organisation; the text is not altered, transformed, or built upon; and for any reuse or distribution, these terms are made clear to others. COVID-19 and Gender Justice: Feminists in MENA Defying Global Structural Failure July 2020 24 pp. Author: Rola Al Masri Design: Nadia Joubert Cover photo credit: Nadia Joubert For more information, contact: Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) Rue de Varembé 1, Zip code 28, 1211 Geneva 20, Switzerland [email protected] | +41 (0)22 919 70 80 | wilpf.org COVID-19 AND GENDER JUSTICE: FEMINISTS IN MENA DEFYING GLOBAL STRUCTURAL FAILURE Table of Contents Introduction 2 Structural Failure in the Official Response to the COVID-19 Outbreak 3 Exploring the Root Causes of COVID-19 Response Failure 4 The United Nations’ Response to COVID-19: Inadequate and at Times Biased 11 Impact of COVID-19 on Women and Feminist Agendas and Organisations in MENA 12 Concluding Remarks 19 Recommendations 19 Acknowledgements 21 – 1 – COVID-19 AND GENDER JUSTICE: FEMINISTS IN MENA DEFYING GLOBAL STRUCTURAL FAILURE Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted and exacerbated existing economic, humanitarian and political failures across countries in the MENA (Middle East and North Africa) region and has deepened the multiple crises that continue to threaten peace, human security and justice.
    [Show full text]
  • Organizations of Women: Towards an Equal Future in Palestine
    California State University, San Bernardino CSUSB ScholarWorks Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations Office of aduateGr Studies 6-2015 Organizations of Women: Towards an Equal Future in Palestine Beatrice S. Longshore-Cook California State University - San Bernardino Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd Part of the Human Geography Commons, Near and Middle Eastern Studies Commons, and the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons Recommended Citation Longshore-Cook, Beatrice S., "Organizations of Women: Towards an Equal Future in Palestine" (2015). Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations. 196. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/196 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Office of aduateGr Studies at CSUSB ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses, Projects, and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of CSUSB ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. ORGANIZATIONS OF WOMEN: TOWARDS AN EQUAL FUTURE IN PALESTINE A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California State University, San Bernardino In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Arts in Social Sciences by Beatrice Longshore-Cook June 2015 ORGANIZATIONS OF WOMEN: TOWARDS AN EQUAL FUTURE IN PALESTINE A Thesis Presented to the Faculty of California State University, San Bernardino by Beatrice Longshore-Cook June 2015 Approved by: Kevin Grisham, Committee Chair, Geography Teresa Velásquez, Committee Member © 2015 Beatrice Longshore-Cook ABSTRACT The development and struggle for nationalism in Palestine, as seen through an historical lens of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, demonstrates the complexity of gendered spaces and narratives inherent in any conflict. Women’s roles have often been confined to specific, gendered spaces within their society.
    [Show full text]
  • Jerusalem's Women
    Jerusalem’s Women The Growth and Development of Palestinian Women’s movement in Jerusalem during the British Mandate period (1920s-1940s) Nadia Harhash Table of Contents Jerusalem’s Women 1 Nadia Harhash 1 Abstract 5 Appreciations 7 Abbreviations 8 Part One : Research Methodological Outline 9 I Problem Statement and Objectives 10 II Research Tools and Methodology 15 III Boundaries and Limitations 19 IV Literature Review 27 Part Two : The Growth and Development of the Palestinian Women’s Movement in Jerusalem During the British Mandate (1920s-1940s) 33 1 Introduction 34 2 The Photo 41 4 An Overview of the Political Context 47 5 Women Education and Professional Development 53 6 The Emergence of Charitable Societies and Rise of Women Movement 65 7 Rise of Women’s Movement 69 8 Women’s Writers and their contribution 93 9 Biographical Appendix of Women Activists 107 10 Conclusion 135 11 Bibliography 145 Annexes 152 III Photos 153 Documents 154 (Endnotes) 155 ||||| Jerusalem’s Women ||||| Abstract The research discusses the development of the women’s movement in Palestine in the early British Mandate period through a photo that was taken in 1945 in Jerusalem during a meeting of women activists from Palestine with the renowned Egyptian feminist Huda Sha’rawi. The photo sheds light on the side of Palestinian society that hasn’t been well explored or realized by today’s Palestinians. It shows women in a different role than a constructed “traditional” or “authentic” one. The photo gives insights into a particular constituency of the Palestinian women’s movement: urban, secular-modernity women activists from the upper echelons of Palestinian society of the time, women without veils, contributing to certain political and social movements that shaped Palestinian life at the time and connected with other Arab women activists.
    [Show full text]
  • The Political Participation of Palestinian Women in Official and Non-Official Organizations in Limited Horizon
    The Political Participation of Palestinian Women in Official and Non-Official Organizations in Limited Horizon Dima Samaroo THE KING’S PROGRAMME FOR MIDDLE EAST DIALOGUE Every academic year ICSR is offering six young leaders from Israel and Palestine the opportunity to come to London for a period of two months in order to develop their ideas on how to further mutual understanding in their region through addressing both themselves and “the other”, as well as engaging in research, debate and constructive dialogue in a neutral academic environment. The end result is a short paper that will provide a deeper understanding and a new perspective on a specific topic or event that is personal to each Fellow. The views expressed here are solely those of the author and do not reflect those of the International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation. Editor: Katie Rothman, ICSR Dima Samaro earned a Bachelor’s of Law from the University of An-Najah, Palestine. She has been working as a legal researcher for around six months at International Commission of Jurists in Tunisia, which collaborates with organizations such as UN, Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, and EuroMed Rights, among others. Before this Dima was working for non-profits. Dima has been part of Zimam as a youth trainer advocating for civil peace and social justice in Palestine; running several campaigns, trainings, and activities that aim to raise awareness toward Middle-East peace process, and the challenges that the Palestinian nowadays faces. Dima is a MENA Leadership Academy fellow, Solutions Not Sides program fellow, a winner of “Best Human Rights Report for Impact” awarded by Al-Haq in 2014, and the Goi Peace Foundation awarded her an Honorable Mention of 2016 International Essay Contest for Young People.
    [Show full text]
  • Women in Palestinian Refugee Camps: Case Studies from Lebanon, Jordan and Palestine
    The Atkin Paper Series Women in Palestinian Refugee Camps: Case Studies from Lebanon, Jordan and Palestine Manar Faraj ICSR Atkin Fellow June 2015 About the Atkin Paper Series To be a refugee is hard, but to be a woman and a refugee is the hardest Thanks to the generosity of the Atkin Foundation, the International Centre for the Study of Radicalisation and Political Violence (ICSR) offers young leaders from Israel of all and the Arab world the opportunity to come to London for a period of four months. The purpose of the fellowship is to provide young leaders from Israel and the Arab he aim of this paper is to take the reader on a journey into the lived world with an opportunity to develop their ideas on how to further peace and experiences of Palestinian refugee women, in several stages. First, I offer understanding in the Middle East through research, debate and constructive dialogue Tan introduction to the historical roots and struggles of Palestinian refugee in a neutral political environment. The end result is a policy paper that will provide a women. This is followed by case studies drawn from my field research in refugee deeper understanding and a new perspective on a specific topic or event. camps in Palestine, Lebanon and Jordan. The third part of the paper includes recommendations for improving the participation of refugee women in the social Author and political arenas of these refugee camps. Three main questions have driven the Manar Faraj is from the Dhiesheh Refugee Camp, Bethlehem, Palestine. She is research for this paper: What is the role of women in the refugee camps? What currently a PhD candidate at Jena Univserity.
    [Show full text]
  • Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination Against Women on 1 April 2014, Without Submitting Reservations to Any of Its Articles
    United Nations CEDAW/C/PSE/1 Convention on the Elimination Distr.: General 24 May 2017 of All Forms of Discrimination English against Women Original: Arabic Committee on the Elimination of Discrimination against Women Consideration of reports submitted by States parties under article 18 of the Convention pursuant to the simplified reporting procedure Initial reports of States parties due in 2015 * State of Palestine [Date received: 10 March 2017] Note: The present document is being circulated in Arabic, English, French and Spanish only. * The present document is being issued without formal editing. 17-08413 (E) 070717 270717 *1708413* CEDAW/C/PSE/1 Contents Page I. Introduction .................................................................. 3 II. Information relating to the substantive articles of the Convention ...................... 4 Part 1 .............................................................................. 4 Article 1 ..................................................................... 4 Article 2 ..................................................................... 5 Article 3 ..................................................................... 14 Article 4 ..................................................................... 16 Article 5 ..................................................................... 17 Article 6 ..................................................................... 23 Part 2 .............................................................................. 25 Articles 7-8 .................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Palestinian Women: Mothers, Martyrs and Agents of Political Change
    University of Denver Digital Commons @ DU Electronic Theses and Dissertations Graduate Studies 1-1-2011 Palestinian Women: Mothers, Martyrs and Agents of Political Change Rebecca Ann Otis University of Denver Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd Part of the Gender and Sexuality Commons, Near and Middle Eastern Studies Commons, and the Politics and Social Change Commons Recommended Citation Otis, Rebecca Ann, "Palestinian Women: Mothers, Martyrs and Agents of Political Change" (2011). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 491. https://digitalcommons.du.edu/etd/491 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate Studies at Digital Commons @ DU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Digital Commons @ DU. For more information, please contact [email protected],[email protected]. Palestinian Women: Mothers, Martyrs and Agents of Political Change __________ A Dissertation Presented to the Faculty of the Josef Korbel School of International Studies University of Denver __________ In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy __________ by Rebecca A. Otis June 2011 Advisor: Dr. Martin Rhodes ©Copyright by Rebecca A. Otis 2011 All Rights Reserved Author: Rebecca A. Otis Title: PALESTINIAN WOMEN: MOTHERS, MARTYRS AND AGENTS OF POLITICAL CHANGE Advisor: Dr. Martin Rhodes Degree Date: June 2011 ABSTRACT This dissertation seeks to understand the role of women as political actors in the rise of Islamo-nationalist movement in Palestine. Using a historical and ethnographic approach, it examines the changing opportunity structures available to Palestinian women in the nationalist struggle between 1987 and 2007.
    [Show full text]
  • Social and Economic Situation of Palestinian Women and Girls (July 2016 – June 2018) Distr
    Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia Social and Economic Situation of Palestinian Women and Girls (July 2016 – June 2018) Distr. LIMITED E/ESCWA/ECW/2019/TP.2 9 January 2019 ORIGINAL: ENGLISH Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) Social and Economic Situation of Palestinian Women and Girls (July 2016 – June 2018) United Nations Beirut, 2019 19-00032 Executive Summary This report reviews the situation of Palestinian women and girls during the period July 2016-June 2018, focusing on political, social, economic and human rights developments. Building upon previously published research of the Economic and Social Commission for Western Asia (ESCWA) on the status of Palestinian women and girls and drawing upon the most recent data available, this report highlights the complex situation of women and girls, revealing both progress and setbacks in the context of the Israeli military occupation of the West Bank, including East Jerusalem and Gaza. The first chapter of the report presents a background of the volatile political setting and its impact on the well-being and rights of women and girls. It lays out the devastating effects of the 11-year Israeli blockade of Gaza on the nearly two million Palestinians who are denied free access to the rest of the occupied Palestinian territory and to the outside world. It also highlights the gendered impacts of occupation-related policies, such as increasing settlement activity, threats of forced eviction and house demolitions, particularly in East Jerusalem and Area C of the West Bank. The chapter also presents major developments in the security and political situation in the occupied Palestinian territory during the reporting period including the United States administration’s recognition – in violation of international law – of Jerusalem as Israel’s capital and the Great March of Return along Israel’s border fence by Palestinian refugees in Gaza demanding their right to return to their land and homes and a lifting of the Israeli blockade.
    [Show full text]
  • Palestine PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY and ISRAELI-OCCUPIED TERRITORIES by Suheir Azzouni
    palestine PALESTINIAN AUTHORITY AND ISRAELI-OCCUPIED TERRITORIES by Suheir Azzouni POPULATION: 3,933,000 GNI PER CAPITA: US$1,519 COUNTRY RATINGS 2004 2009 NONDISCRIMINATION AND ACCESS TO JUSTICE: 2.6 2.6 AUTONOMY, SECURITY, AND FREEDOM OF THE PERSON: 2.7 2.4 ECONOMIC RIGHTS AND EQUAL OPPORTUNITY: 2.8 2.9 POLITICAL RIGHTS AND CIVIC VOICE: 2.6 2.7 SOCIAL AND CULTURAL RIGHTS: 2.9 2.6 (COUNTRY RATINGS ARE BASED ON A SCALE OF 1 TO 5, WITH 1 REPRESENTING THE LOWEST AND 5 THE HIGHEST LEVEL OF FREEDOM WOMEN HAVE TO EXERCISE THEIR RIGHTS) INTRODUCTION Palestinian women have been socially active since the beginning of the 20th century, forming charitable associations, participating in the nation- alist struggle, and working for the welfare of their community. Originally established in Jerusalem in 1921, the General Union of Palestinian Women organized women under occupation and in the Palestinian diaspora so that they could sustain communities and hold families together. The character of women’s involvement shifted in the late 1970s, as young, politically oriented women became active in the fi ght against Israeli occupation, as well as in the establishment of cooperatives, training cen- ters, and kindergartens. They formed activist women’s committees, which were able to attract members from different spheres of life and create alli- ances with international feminist organizations. Women also played an ac tive role in the fi rst intifada, or uprising, against Israeli occupation in 1987, further elevating their status in the society. Soon after the beginning of peace negotiations between the Palestinians and Israelis in 1991, which resulted in the 1993 Oslo Accord, women’s organizations formed a coalition called the Women’s Affairs Technical Committee (WATC) to advocate for the equal rights of women.
    [Show full text]
  • Palestinian Women's Movements and Their Relations with the Palestinian
    Palestinian Women’s Movements and Their Relations With the Palestinian Nationalist Movement: A History of Partnership and A Future of Challenging Cooperation Ihab Aldaqqaq Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy under the Executive Committee of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences COLUMBIA UNIVERSITY 2014 © 2014 Ihab Aldaqqaq All rights reserved ABSTRACT Palestinian Women’s Movements and Their Relations With the Palestinian Nationalist Movement: A History of Partnership and A Future of Challenging Cooperation Ihab Aldaqqaq This study investigates the relationship between Palestinian Women’s Movement(s) (PWMs) and the Palestinian Nationalist Movement (PNM). A closer look at the descriptive research about (PWMs) indicates that both movements have generally been perceived as one entity by some Palestinian activists as well as scholars who have explored Palestinian nationalism. Here, we address questions about the nature of women’s activism in Palestine and seek to assess to what extent this organizing and mobilization form a social movement, particularly questions that focus on important factors such as faction dynamics, funding dynamics, perceptions and relationships issues, leadership features and religion dynamics. Taking into consideration the specificity of women’s movements in a nation that has survived military occupation for over five decades under military occupation, this research draws on a number of theories, including resource mobilization and resource dependence as well as political opportunity theories. The research is rooted in extensive interviews with former and current women activists, in addition to chief executive officers (CEOs) of Palestinian women’s movement organizations located in the West Bank, Palestine.
    [Show full text]
  • The Ohio State University
    MAKING COMMON CAUSE?: WESTERN AND MIDDLE EASTERN FEMINISTS IN THE INTERNATIONAL WOMEN’S MOVEMENT, 1911-1948 DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Charlotte E. Weber, M.A. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2003 Dissertation Committee: Approved by Professor Leila J. Rupp, Adviser Professor Susan M. Hartmann _________________________ Adviser Professor Ellen Fleischmann Department of History ABSTRACT This dissertation exposes important junctures between feminism, imperialism, and orientalism by investigating the encounter between Western and Middle Eastern feminists in the first-wave international women’s movement. I focus primarily on the International Alliance of Women for Suffrage and Equal Citizenship, and to a lesser extent, the Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom. By examining the interaction and exchanges among Western and Middle Eastern women (at conferences and through international visits, newsletters and other correspondence), as well as their representations of “East” and “West,” this study reveals the conditions of and constraints on the potential for feminist solidarity across national, cultural, and religious boundaries. In addition to challenging the notion that feminism in the Middle East was “imposed” from outside, it also complicates conventional wisdom about the failure of the first-wave international women’s movement to accommodate difference. Influenced by growing ethos of cultural internationalism
    [Show full text]
  • Bridging the Gender Gap
    ﺟـﺴﺮ ﻓﺠﻮات اﻟﻨـﻮع اﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ: Bridging the ﺟـﺴـــﺮ ﻓــﺠـــــﻮات :Gender Gap اﻟﻨـﻮع اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲ: Mapping and Analysis of Gender Policies in Palestine ﻣﺴﺢ وﲢﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎت اﻟﻨﻮع (2017-2011) اﺟﺘﻤــــﺎﻋﻲ ﻓﻠﺴـــــــﻄﲔ ﻣﺴﺢ وﲢﻠﻴﻞ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎت اﻟﻨﻮع اﺟﺘﻤـﺎﻋﻲ ﻓﻠﺴـﻄﲔ ( (2011-2017) 2011-2017 ( GPI ) (Gender Policy Institute (GPI ﻣﻌﻬﺪ ﺳﻴﺎﺳﺎت اﻟﻨﻮع اﻻﺟﺘﻤﺎﻋﻲ Mapping and Analysis of and Analysis Mapping (2011-2017 in Palestine Gender Policies /UNESCO National Office for Palestine +972-2 295 97 40 https://gpi.org.ps ﻣﻜﺘﺐ اﻟﻴﻮﻧﺴﻜﻮ رام ا https://gpi.org.ps/ +972 2 2959740 Ahliyyah College Street ,35 35 ﺷﺎرع اﻟﻜﻠﻴﺔ اﻫﻠﻴﺔ unesco.ramallah [email protected] [email protected] unesco.ramallah P.O. Box 2154, Ramallah - Palestine ص.ب. 2154، رام ا -ﻓﻠﺴﻄﲔ https://en.unesco.org/fieldoffice/ramallah Bridging the Gender Gap: Bridging the Gender Gap: https://en.unesco.org/fieldoffice/ramallah Published in 2019 by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization © UNESCO 2019 Disclaimer: The designations employed and the presentation of material throughout this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of UNESCO concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. The ideas and opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors; they are not necessarily those of UNESCO and do not commit the Organization. This publication asw prepared by UNESCO Ramallah Office with the financial support from The Government of Norway under project Building Gender Accountability in Palestine: Bridging the Policy Gap. Graphic design: Cover design: DEAL Advertising & Event Management Printed by: Iprint Printed in Palestine Dates of research: April 2018 - April 2019 Research team: Mapping of the Gender Policies conducted by, Ms.
    [Show full text]