The Great Monition of Cursing by Gavin Dunbar, the Archbishop of Glasgow on the Border Reivers – 1525 Occassional Paper No

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

The Great Monition of Cursing by Gavin Dunbar, the Archbishop of Glasgow on the Border Reivers – 1525 Occassional Paper No Clydesdale Bastle Project The Great Monition of Cursing by Gavin Dunbar, the Archbishop of Glasgow on the border reivers – 1525 Occassional Paper No. 1 by Tam Ward, Biggar Archaeological Group The Great Monition of Cursing by Gavin Dunbar, the Archbishop of Glasgow on the border reivers – 1525 PAGE 1 Introduction Lawlessness had reached an unprecedented state on the Anglo Scottish Borders by the late 16th century, with the culprits paying equally scant attention to the remonstrations of either state or church. Although this state of affairs was prevalent for most of the history of the borders, more or less since Roman times, it would appear that following the reformation, the church grew less influential on the morals of the population there, and provided the condition of inter clan or kinship feud did not escalate too far from the borders region, the monarchs and rulers of both countries did little to resolve it. Often the men put in charge to solve the problem soon became a corrupt part of it. The Great Monition of Cursing by Gavin Dunbar, the Archbishop of Glasgow on the border reivers – 1525 PAGE 2 The following quote is taken from Borland (1898) who also gives the full curse and which is given below: “It was during this period of weakness, almost of total moral collapse, that the Archbishop of Glasgow took it upon him to excommunicate the Border thieves. Had the same vigorous measure been adopted at an earlier period, the result might have been more favourable. As it was, the launching of this ecclesiastical thunderbolt really created more amusement than consternation. It was regarded simply as the growl of a toothless lion. In no circumstances were the Border reivers easily intimidated. Their calling had made them more or less indifferent to the claims of Church and State. They had never had much affection for the king, and they had, perhaps, still less for the priest. Having shaken themselves free, to a large extent at least, from the control of the State, they were not prepared to put their neck under the yoke of an ecclesiastical authority which even the best men of the age had ceased to venerate. But the Archbishop felt that he had a duty to discharge, and he applied himself to the task with commendable vigour.” “The curse was ordered to be read from every pulpit in the diocese and be circulated throughout the length and breadth of the Borders.” (Robert Borland, minister of Yarrow. Border Raids and Reivers. Dalbeattie: Thomas Fraser 1898) The Great Monition of Cursing by Gavin Dunbar, the Archbishop of Glasgow on the border reivers – 1525 PAGE 3 The Great Curse Given here in the Scottish vernacular, see opposite for Translation to (approximate) English translation. “Gude folks, heir at my Lord Archibischop of “Good folks, here at my Lord Archbishop of Glasgwis letters under his round sele, direct to Glasgow’s letters under his round seal, direct to me or any uther chapellane, makand mension, me or any other chaplain, making mention, with with greit regrait, how hevy he beris the great regret, how heavy he bears the piteous, piteous, lamentabill, and dolorous complaint lamentable, and dolorous complaint that that pass our all realme and cummis to his eris, passes all of our realm and comes to his ears, be oppin voce and fame, how our souverane by open voice and fame, how our sovereign lordis trew lieges, men, wiffis and barnys, lords true lieges, men, wives and children, both bocht and redemit be the precious blude of our and redeemed by the precious blood of our Salviour Jhesu Crist, and levand in his lawis, Saviour Jesus Christ, and living in his laws, are ar saikleslie part murdrist, part slayne, brynt, innocently part murdered, part slain, burnt, heryit, spulzeit and reft, oppinly on day licht harried, spoiled and robbed, openly on day light and under silens of the nicht, and thair takis and and under silence of the night, and their farms landis laid waist, and thair self banyst therfra, and lands laid waist, and they are self banish als wele kirklandis as utheris, be commoun therefore, as well church lands as others, by tratouris, revaris, theiffis, duelland in the south common traitors, reivers, thief’s, dwelling in part of this realme, sic as Tevidale, Esdale, the south part of this realm, such as Teviotdale, Liddisdale, Ewisdale, Nedisdale, and Annandaill; Eskdale, Liddiesdale, Ewesdale, Nithsdale, quhilkis hes bene diverse ways persewit and and Annandale; which has been diverse ways punist be the temperale swerd and our Soverane pursued and punished by the temporal sword Lordis auctorite, and dredis nocht the samyn. and our Sovereign Lords authority, and dreads not the same. “And thairfoir my said Lord Archbischop of Glasgw hes thocht expedient to strike thaim “And therefore my said Lord Archbishop of with the terribill swerd of halykirk, quilk Glasgow has thought expedient to strike them thai may nocht lang endur and resist; and with the terrible sword of holy church, which hes chargeit me, or any uther chapellane, to they may not long endure and resist; and has denounce, declair and proclame thaim oppinly charged me, or any other chaplain, to denounce, and generalie cursit, at this market croce, and declare and proclaim them openly and generally all utheris public places. cursed, at this market cross, and all other public places. “Heirfor throw the auctorite of Almichty God, the Fader of hevin, his Son, our Salviour, Jhesu “ Herefore through the authority of Almighty Crist, and of the Halygaist; throw the auctorite God, the Father of heaven, his Son, our Saviour, of the Blissit Virgin Sanct Mary, Sanct Michael, Jesus Christ, and of the Holy ghost; through the Sanct Gabriell, and all his angellis; Sanct John authority of the Blessed Virgin Saint Mary, Saint the Baptist, and all the haly patriarkis and Michael, Saint Gabriel, and all his angels; Saint prophets; Sanct Peter, Sanct Paul, Sanct Andro, John the Baptist, and all the holy patriarchs and all haly appostillis; Sanct Stephin, Sanct and prophets; Saint Peter, Saint Paul, Saint Laurence, and all haly mertheris; Sanct Gile, Andrew, and all holy apostles; Saint Stephen, Sanct Martyn, and all haly confessouris; Sanct Sanct Laurence, and all holy martyrs; Saint Anne, Sanct Katherin, and all haly virginis and Gile, Saint Martin, and all holy confessors; Saint matronis; and all the sanctis and haly company Anne, Saint Katherine, and all holy virgins and The Great Monition of Cursing by Gavin Dunbar, the Archbishop of Glasgow on the border reivers – 1525 PAGE 4 of hevin; be the auctorite of our Haly Fader matrons; and all the saints and holy company the Paip and his cardinalis, and of my said of heaven; by the authority of our Holy Father Lord Archbischop of Glasgw, be the advise and the Pope and his cardinals, and of my said Lord assistance of my lordis, archbischop, bischopis, Archbishop of Glasgow, with the advice and abbotis, prioris, and utheris prelates and assistance of my lords, archbishop, bishops, ministeris of halykirk. abbots, priors, and other prelates and ministers of the holy church, I DENOUNCE, PROCLAIMIS, AND DECLARIS all and sindry the committaris of the said saikles I DENOUNCE, PROCLAIMS, AND DECLARES murthris, slauchteris, brinying, heirschippes, all and sundry the committers of the said reiffis, thiftis, and spulezeis, oppinly apon of innocents murders, slaughters, burning, day licht and under silence of nicht, alswele inheritances, robbery, thefts, and spoilings, within temporale landis as kirklandis; togither openly upon day light and under silence of with thair part takaris, assistaris, supplearis, night, as well as within temporal lands as wittandlie and resattaris of thair personis, church lands; together with their part takers, the gudes reft and stolen be thaim, art or part assisters, suppliers, knowingly and of their thereof, and their counsalouris and defendouris, persons, the goods snatched and stolen by of thair evil dedis generalie cursit, waryit, them, art or part thereof, and their counsellors aggregeite, and reaggregeite, with the greit and defenders, of their evil deeds generally cursing. cursed, waking, aggravated, and re-aggravated, with the great cursing. “I CURSE thair heid and all the haris of thair heid; I CURSE thair face, thair ene, thair mouth, “I CURSE their head and all the hairs of their thair neise, thair toung, thair teith, thair crag, head; I CURSE their face, their eyes, their thair schulderis, thair breast, thait hert, thair mouth, their nose, their tongue, their teeth, stomok, thair bak, thair wame, thair armes, thair their skull, their shoulder’s, their breast, their leggis, thair handis, thair feit, and everilk part heart, their stomach, their back, their womb, of thair body, frae the top of thair heid to the their arms, their legs, their hands, their feet, soill of thair feit, befoir and behind, within and and every part of their body, from the top of without. I CURSE thaim gangand, and I CURSE their head to the sole of their feet, before and thaim rydand; I CURSE thaim standand, and I behind, within and without. I CURSE them CURSE thaim sittand; I CURSE thaim etand, I going, and I CURSE them riding; I CURSE them CURSE thaim drinkand; I CURSE thaim walkand, standing, and I CURSE them sitting; I CURSE I CURSE thaim sleepand; I CURSE thaim rysand, them eating, I CURSE them drinking; I CURSE I CURSE thaim lyand; I CURSE thaim at hame, them walking, I CURSE them sleeping; I CURSE I CURSE thaim fra hame; I CURSE thaim within them rising, I CURSE them lying; I CURSE them the house, I CURSE thaim without the house; at home, I CURSE them from home; I CURSE I CURSE thair wiffis, thair banris, and thair them within the house, I CURSE them without servandis participand with thaim in thair the house; I CURSE their wives, their children deides.
Recommended publications
  • Richie Graham of Brackenhill Infamous Borderline Raider Who Evaded Arrest for Murder and Treason
    Border Reivers - Richie Graham of Brackenhill Infamous Borderline Raider who Evaded Arrest for Murder and Treason © THOMAS WILLIAM MOSS May 18, 2009 Richie Graham of Brackenhill was reiver, blackmailer, extortionist and counterfeit coiner. He would commit murder and treason but never answer for his life of crime. In 1584 George Graham, alias Parcivall's Geordie, was murdered by Richie Graham of Brackenhill at Levens Bridge. Today Brackenhill tower still stands near Longtown, north Cumbria as testimony to one of the most infamous of English reivers. Levens Bridge can also be seen but the river that it crosses is no longer called the Leven. Today it is the Lyne. A Border Reiver Murder Richie Graham struck Geordie Graham between the shoulder blades with a lance. With that and other wounds inflicted by his accomplice, Geordie Graham died three weeks later in Carlisle. So much for the bonds of clanship! Richie was indicted for this murder, and three others, but he was still around in 1596 whenn he took part in the rescue of Kinmont Willie. A Reiver Counterfeit Coiner Graham was a notorious horse-thief, once stealing eighty horses from the Provost of Falkland in Fife. There was, however, a more lucrative haul from his foray north of the river Forth. He also came away with £5000 worth of gold and silver. This, with similar hauls throughout his life, he used to counterfeit coin of the realm. In the top floor of his tower of Brackenhill he employed a 'koyner' who transformed the gold and silver into untold wealth for the unscrupulous reiver.
    [Show full text]
  • A Fractious and Naughty People: the Border Reivers in Ireland
    A Fractious and Naughty People: The Border Reivers in Ireland By Trevor Graham King James the Sixth faced a serious problem in 1604. He had just become the King of England the previous year, in addition to already being the King of Scotland. He had recently ordered the border between Scotland and England pacified of the “Border Reivers”, warlike families whose activities of raiding and pillaging had been encouraged (and in some cases, funded) by the Scottish and English governments during times of war. Armies were hard to maintain, but entire families of marauders were cost effective and deadly. But now, with the countries united under a single monarch and supposed to be working together, their wanton destruction was no longer tolerated and was swiftly punished by the English and Scottish March Wardens with “Jeddart justice” (summary execution). He couldn’t hang all those responsible, so James decided to relocate the troublesome families. Recently, rebellious earls in Ireland had fled the country, and plans were set up to settle that land with loyal Protestants from Great Britain. But there were not enough settlers, and many native Irish still lived on that land in the northern part known as Ulster. Hoping to solve both problems at once, James and his government sent many Border families to the plantations around Ireland. Instead of being productive and keeping the peace however, they instead caused a sectarian split within Ireland. This led to nearly 400 years of bloodshed, leaving a scar that has remained to this day in Northern Ireland. To find out how all this fury and bloodshed began, we go back to 1601, when the combined forces of Hugh O’Neil, Hugh O’Donnell, and a Spanish force were defeated by the English at Kinsale.
    [Show full text]
  • "For the Advancement of So Good a Cause": Hugh Mackay, the Highland War and the Glorious Revolution in Scotland
    W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 4-2012 "For the Advancement of So Good a Cause": Hugh MacKay, the Highland War and the Glorious Revolution in Scotland Andrew Phillip Frantz College of William and Mary Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the History Commons Recommended Citation Frantz, Andrew Phillip, ""For the Advancement of So Good a Cause": Hugh MacKay, the Highland War and the Glorious Revolution in Scotland" (2012). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 480. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/480 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. “FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF SO GOOD A CAUSE”: HUGH MACKAY, THE HIGHLAND WAR AND THE GLORIOUS REVOLUTION IN SCOTLAND A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the degree of Bachelor of Arts with Honors is History from the College of William and Mary in Virginia, by Andrew Phillip Frantz Accepted for ___________________________________ (Honors, High Honors, Highest Honors) _________________________________________ Nicholas Popper, Director _________________________________________ Paul Mapp _________________________________________ Simon Stow Williamsburg, Virginia April 30, 2012 Contents Figures iii Acknowledgements iv Introduction 1 Chapter I The Origins of the Conflict 13 Chapter II Hugh MacKay and the Glorious Revolution 33 Conclusion 101 Bibliography 105 iii Figures 1. General Hugh MacKay, from The Life of Lieutenant-General Hugh MacKay (1836) 41 2. The Kingdom of Scotland 65 iv Acknowledgements William of Orange would not have been able to succeed in his efforts to claim the British crowns if it were not for thousands of people across all three kingdoms, and beyond, who rallied to his cause.
    [Show full text]
  • Borders SOA 08 09 30#118473
    Single Outcome Agreement for the Scottish Borders 2008/09 Scottish Borders Single Outcome Agreement 2008/2009 Community Planning Partners- Support for the Single Outcome Agreement 2008/09 As Community Planning Partners in the Scottish Borders, we can confirm our support for this Single Outcome Agreement. We have worked with Scottish Borders Council in the development of this Single Outcome Agreement for 2008/09 and are satisfied that it reflects the issues that are important to individuals, communities, businesses and organisations in the Scottish Borders. We commit to supporting Scottish Borders Council, and others, and where national policy and directives allow, we will play a key role in working toward the achievement of the outcomes in the SOA, and the development of future SOAs. We have also agreed to changes within our community planning arrangements to be better placed to deliver the SOA. These changes will be implemented during Summer 2008. The Bridge and BAVS (representing the Voluntary Sector) Scottish Border Community Councils’ Network Borders Housing Network: Other partners include: Federation of Small Businesses, National Farmers Union Scotland, and Scottish Environmental Protection Agency 1 Scottish Borders Single Outcome Agreement 2008/2009 Introduction 1. Purpose of the Agreement The purpose of the Single Outcome Agreement is to identify areas for improvement and to deliver better outcomes for the people of the Scottish Borders and Scotland, through specific commitments made by Scottish Borders Council, community planning partners and the Scottish Government. This document sets out the joint commitments between the Council, community planning partners and the Scottish Government to the delivery of an agreed set of outcomes.
    [Show full text]
  • Now the War Is Over
    Pollard, T. and Banks, I. (2010) Now the wars are over: The past, present and future of Scottish battlefields. International Journal of Historical Archaeology,14 (3). pp. 414-441. ISSN 1092-7697. http://eprints.gla.ac.uk/45069/ Deposited on: 17 November 2010 Enlighten – Research publications by members of the University of Glasgow http://eprints.gla.ac.uk Now the Wars are Over: the past, present and future of Scottish battlefields Tony Pollard and Iain Banks1 Suggested running head: The past, present and future of Scottish battlefields Centre for Battlefield Archaeology University of Glasgow The Gregory Building Lilybank Gardens Glasgow G12 8QQ United Kingdom Tel: +44 (0)141 330 5541 Fax: +44 (0)141 330 3863 Email: [email protected] 1 Centre for Battlefield Archaeology, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland 1 Abstract Battlefield archaeology has provided a new way of appreciating historic battlefields. This paper provides a summary of the long history of warfare and conflict in Scotland which has given rise to a large number of battlefield sites. Recent moves to highlight the archaeological importance of these sites, in the form of Historic Scotland’s Battlefields Inventory are discussed, along with some of the problems associated with the preservation and management of these important cultural sites. 2 Keywords Battlefields; Conflict Archaeology; Management 3 Introduction Battlefield archaeology is a relatively recent development within the field of historical archaeology, which, in the UK at least, has itself not long been established within the archaeological mainstream. Within the present context it is noteworthy that Scotland has played an important role in this process, with the first international conference devoted to battlefield archaeology taking place at the University of Glasgow in 2000 (Freeman and Pollard, 2001).
    [Show full text]
  • AM Flodden Speech
    FLODDEN ADDRESS. – ALISTAIR MOFFAT When dawn broke on the morning of 10th September, 1513, the landscape of hell was revealed. On the gently undulating northern ridges of Branxton Hill more than 10,000 men lay dead or dying. In the midst of the carnage were the naked, plundered bodies of King James IV of Scotland, his half-brother, Alexander Stewart, Archbishop of St Andrews, George Hepburn, Bishop of the Isles, two abbots, nine great earls of Scotland, fourteen lords of parliament, innumerable knights and noblemen of lesser degree and many thousands of farmers, ploughmen, weavers and burgesses. It was the appalling aftermath of the battle of Flodden, the greatest military disaster in Scotland’s history. In the grey light of that terrible dawn, sentries posted around the captured Scottish cannon could make out where the brunt of battle had been joined. Below them, at the foot of the slope ran the trickle of a nameless burn now choked with slaughter, a wrack of mangled bodies, broken pikeshafts, shattered shields and everywhere blood and the sickening stench of death, vomit and voided bowels. Not all of the bodies were yet corpses. Through a long dark night the battlefield had not been a silent graveyard. Trapped under lifeless comrades, crippled, hamstrung or horribly mutilated, fatally wounded men still breathed. Bladed weapons rarely kill outright and they were often used to bludgeon men to their knees or into unconsciousness. In the churned mud of the battlefield some men will have lost their footing, fallen and been hacked at before they could get up.
    [Show full text]
  • John Johnston and Mary Campbell of Muirkirk, Ayrshire, Scotland
    John Johnston and Mary Campbell of Muirkirk, Ayrshire, Scotland: Their Family and Descendents William E. Johnston Kensington, California Jan., 1999 Edition © Copyright 1997, 1998, 1999 by William E. Johnston. The material in this book is from many sources, and the purpose of the copyright is to reserve the rights of all of those who have contributed previously unpublished material. This document will be updated as more material becomes available, and this copy is Version 1.1, Jan., 1999. Previous versions have been given to: Lester W. Johnston Francis L. Johnston Margaret Schroeder Willard L. and Jackie Johnston Dorothy Riegel This document is maintained in Adobe FrameMaker and the images are restored using Adobe PhotoShop. The author may be reached at: 313 Berkeley Park Blvd. Kensington, CA, 94707 [email protected]. Some of the images from this collection will occasionally be placed on the Web site: http://ns1.nothingbutnet.net/~wej - 2 CHAPTER 1 Introduction - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 7 CHAPTER 2 Ancient History - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 8 2.1The Antiquity of Scotland .................................................................................9 2.2Bloodthirsty and Repressed ............................................................................13 2.3Ancient History: The Wild Celts ....................................................................13 2.4Celtic or Gaelic - What Was the Ancient Language? ...................................14 2.5The Isle of Mull ................................................................................................17
    [Show full text]
  • HAWICK REIVERS FESTIVAL Photos: Rab Taylor & Tilly Domian Fotografie Taylor Rab Photos
    HAWICK REIVERS FESTIVAL Photos: Rab Taylor & Tilly Domian Fotografie Taylor Rab Photos: FRIDAY 23RD - SUNDAY 25TH MARCH 2018 BORDERS KITH & KIN JRW_Reivers_FP.qxp_Layout 1 15/01/2017 09:33 Page 1 Welcome Welcome to the 2018 Hawick Reivers Festival We hope you are all ready to enjoy and participate in this year’s festival which is jam packed with fun events for all the family We are delighted to welcome re-enactors from far and wide to the Reivers Encampment - particularly welcoming back our guests from Northern Ireland to swell the local ranks and there will also be the return of some “rough justice” dispensed at our Reivers Trials as part of the 16th Century Market Full details of all events are contained in the following pages and we hope you will take the time to read through and give your support. For over 300 years, whilst Scotland and England fought battle after battle, those living on both sides of the border made a living by “reiving” or raiding their neighbours’ property. They had their own system of laws and justice, and introduced new words into the English language, such as “bereaved” and “blackmail”. Their first allegiance was to their own family and their surname. Kith and Kin meant everything to them. Their enemies were not the English or the Scots, Chartered Accountants but any surnames at feud with them, no matter which side of the border they occupied. Do you have a Border Reiver surname? In 2018 Hawick Reivers Festival welcomes We’ll do the counting you to explore your family’s past with us here in the heart of reiving country.
    [Show full text]
  • SCOTLAND and the BRITISH ARMY C.1700-C.1750
    SCOTLAND AND THE BRITISH ARMY c.1700-c.1750 By VICTORIA HENSHAW A thesis submitted to the University of Birmingham for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY School of History and Cultures College of Arts and Law University of Birmingham September 2011 University of Birmingham Research Archive e-theses repository This unpublished thesis/dissertation is copyright of the author and/or third parties. The intellectual property rights of the author or third parties in respect of this work are as defined by The Copyright Designs and Patents Act 1988 or as modified by any successor legislation. Any use made of information contained in this thesis/dissertation must be in accordance with that legislation and must be properly acknowledged. Further distribution or reproduction in any format is prohibited without the permission of the copyright holder. ABSTRACT The historiography of Scotland and the British army in the eighteenth century largely concerns the suppression of the Jacobite risings – especially that of 1745-6 – and the growing assimilation of Highland soldiers into its ranks during and after the Seven Years War. However, this excludes the other roles and purposes of the British army, the contribution of Lowlanders to the British army and the military involvement of Scots of all origin in the British army prior to the dramatic increase in Scottish recruitment in the 1750s. This thesis redresses this imbalance towards Jacobite suppression by examining the place of Scotland and the role of Highland and Lowland Scots in the British army during the first half of the eighteenth century, at a time of change fuelled by the Union of 1707 and the Jacobite rebellions of the period.
    [Show full text]
  • The Border Reiver
    THE BORDER REIVER Volume 11, Number 4 Voice of Clan Hall Society December 2004 Origins - Border Reiver Riding Families Horsemanship and combat ders, was the peace and tran- was such an integral part of quility shattered by the arrival of the Border Reiver’s world the Roman army. As of the that it lent its name— political geography is under- stood, the Votadini tribe inhab- chivalry— to its ideological ited a swathe of country in the core. eastern Borders, from the Lo- The peoples of the Border thian plain down into Northum- Reiver’s time, who had the berland, while the hills to the deepest and most intimate west were occupied by the Sel- relations with horses, were nei- govae. From the Roman ther Celts nor Romans. They [Trimontium] garrisons near Septs of Clan Hall were, instead, descendants of Newstead, which are almost the first horse riders. absent from the country east of Collingwood Lauderdale, it is generally sur- Around 700 BC, several thou- Crispin mised that the Votadini were a sand years after the Old People peaceful tribe, whereas the De Aula came, groups of horse-riding lands of the warlike Selgovae warriors were seen in the Fitz Williams had to be held at some Tweed valley. They came from Hal Sarmatians in Roman Service 175 - 410AD strength. continental Europe and they with draconarius banner Hale spoke a language called P- Under the Emperor Marcus Haile Celtic. Tall, fair-headed and river-folk they found in southern Aurelius (161-180AD), the Ro- vigorous, they brought a military Scotland. man Army campaigned for eight Haul technology based on the horse Not until 79 AD, when Gnaeus years in the central and north- Haule and chariot which must have Julius Agricola, the governor of ern parts of the Carpathian Haw given them an immediate and Britannia, marched his legions Basin, north and east of the terrifying dominance over the (continued pg 3) Mac Hall over the Cheviot Hills into the Bor- Inside this issue: Teviotdale — Battle Harden / Romantic Reiver Country The romance of the Borders heart of the Cheviot massif.
    [Show full text]
  • The Laird's Houses of Scotland
    The Laird’s Houses of Scotland: From the Reformation to the Industrial Revolution, 1560–1770 Sabina Ross Strachan PhD by Research The University of Edinburgh 2008 Declaration I, the undersigned, declare that this thesis has been composed by me, the work is my own, and it has not been submitted for any other degree or professional qualification except for this degree of PhD by Research. Signed: ............................................................................ Date:................................... Sabina Ross Strachan Contents List of Figures ix List of Tables xvii Abstract xix Acknowledgements xxi List of Abbreviations xxiii Part I 1 Chapter 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Introduction 3 1.2 Context 3 1.2.1 The study of laird’s houses 3 1.2.2 High-status architecture in early modern Scotland 9 1.3 ‘The Laird’s Houses of Scotland’: aims 13 1.4 ‘The Laird’s Houses of Scotland’: scope and structure 17 1.4.1 Scope 17 1.4.2 Structure 19 1.5 Conclusion 22 Chapter 2 Literature Review 25 2.1 Introduction 25 2.2 An overview of laird’s houses 26 2.2.1 Dunbar, The Historic Architecture of Scotland, 1966 26 2.2.2 General surveys: MacGibbon & Ross (1887–92) and Tranter (1962) 28 2.2.3 Later commentators: 1992–2003 30 2.3 Regional, group and individual studies on laird’s houses 32 2.3.1 Regional surveys 32 2.3.2 Group studies 35 2.3.3 Individual studies 38 2.4 Conclusion 40 Chapter 3 Methodology 43 3.1 Introduction 43 3.2 Scope and general methodology 43 3.3 Defining the ‘laird’s house’ 47 3.3.1 What is a ‘laird’? 48 3.3.2 What is a ‘laird’s house’?
    [Show full text]
  • Negotiated Structural Violence and Honor Culture of the Anglo-Scottish Borderers
    W&M ScholarWorks Undergraduate Honors Theses Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 5-2020 Debatable Deeds, Indisputable Identity: Negotiated Structural Violence and Honor Culture of the Anglo-Scottish Borderers Nina Willms Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses Part of the Cultural History Commons, European History Commons, and the Social History Commons Recommended Citation Willms, Nina, "Debatable Deeds, Indisputable Identity: Negotiated Structural Violence and Honor Culture of the Anglo-Scottish Borderers" (2020). Undergraduate Honors Theses. Paper 1515. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/honorstheses/1515 This Honors Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Undergraduate Honors Theses by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Debatable Deeds, Indisputable Identity: Negotiated Structural Violence and Honor Culture of the Anglo-Scottish Borderers A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirement for the degree of Bachelor of Arts in History from The College of William and Mary by Nina Parker Willms Accepted for ___________________________________ High Honors (Honors, High Honors, Highest Honors) ________________________________________ Nicholas Popper, Director ________________________________________ Amy Limoncelli ________________________________________ Audrey Horning Williamsburg, VA May 8, 2020 Willms
    [Show full text]