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Home , Chamoli district, Chaukhamba, Dehradun railway station, Kotdwar, Pantnagar Airport

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Volume-6, Issue-5, September-October 2016 International Journal of Engineering and Management Research Page Number: 110-114

Tourism in an Opportunity and Opportunity Take by Kumaun Motor Owners Union Limited

Dr Bhaskar Singh Bisht Village- Karyal Chatur Singh, P.O. Anandpur, , , (Uttarakhand),

ABSTRACT Yet trying to understand the meaning of Tourism has become one of the world’s largest and “Tourism” is important we have to plan the use of natural fastest growing industries. Tourism plays a significant role in resources and manage impacts associated with its socio economic development of any country. It has become an development. What all commentators would probably important human activity of great significance. In this paper, agree with is that tourism involve, although how far one we shows that tourism is not only an economic activity of has to travel and how long one has to be away from one’s importance to national development, but also an important medium of cultural changes among nations of the world and home location is to be categorized as a tourist. It is a point helps in establishing affinities among different countries of which is debatable. A convenient definition that the world. overcomes this difficulty is the one proposed by the World Tourism Organization (1991) which was subsequently Keywords--- Tourism, Holiday, Industry endorsed by the UN statistical Commission in 1993. “Tourism comprises the activates of persons travelling to and fro staying in places outside their usual environment I. INTRODUCTION for not more than one consecutive year for leisure, business or other purposes”. “Tourism is a basic and the most desirable human The preceding definition is purely concerned with activity witch deserve the praise and encouragement of all recreation and having fun. Whilst recreational tourism is people from all walks of life and all Governments. It is an the most usual form but there are other types of tourism industry concerned with attracting people to a destination, which also exist. For instance Davidson (1993) besides transporting them there, housing, feeding and entertaining recognizing leisure or recreation (in which he includes them upon arrival and returning them to their homes. A travel for holidays, sports, cultural events, and visiting quarter of a century ago, travel was the privilege of a few friends and relatives) as the main type of tourism, draws rich affluent and adventurous people. Today, with the rise attention to the point that people who travel for business, in the standard of living of people in several developed and study (or education) pilgrimage and health purposes plays developing countries along with fast technological a significant role in enhancing this industry. revolution in transportation industry, overseas holiday are Recently, tourism has become one of the world’s within the reach of the middle and working class. Travel largest and fastest growing industries. Tourism plays a today is sold like any normal consumer product through significant role in socio economic development of any retail outlets, wholesalers, and even departmental stores of country. It has become an important human activity of many countries. With the development of tourism foreign great significance. Tourism is not only an economic is within the reach of consumer. activity of importance to national development, but also an Attempts to define tourism are made difficult important medium of cultural changes among nations of because it is a highly complicated amalgam of various the world and helps in establishing affinities among parts. These parts are a diverse range of factors, including different countries of the world. A lot of emphasis has the following: human feelings, emotions and desires of been laid on the economic role of Tourism, its contribution transport, accommodation, other services; and government to foreign exchange earnings of the nation and its potential policies and regulatory frameworks. Subsequently it is for greater employment. It is observed that time required difficult to arrive at a consensual of what tourism actually for the investment to generate earnings is short in tourism is. industry. This is the basic cause why underdeveloped and tourism industry. Efficiency of capital utilization is 110 Copyright © 2016. Vandana Publications. All Rights Reserved. www.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962 favorable in case of Tourism industry. Many times there is Uttrakhand literally means northern section. an over investment in luxurious building etc, which would Earlier, it was an integral part of the state of uttar Pradesh make returns unfavorable. The labour intensity of but on 9th November 2000, it became the 27th state of the investment is mere, i.e., the ability of the tourist industry to republic India and was carved out of the Himalayan and generate employment over a given amount of investment. adjoining North-Western districts of Uttar Pradesh. The benefits from tourism investment can be maximized if Uttrakhand has been granted status of special category proper planning is done, so as to ensure an encouragement state by Union cabinet on 2nd May 2001 for local industries, handicrafts, in which India excels and The name Uttrakhand is derived from they can frost up job opportunities. words ”uttara” (Meaning north),and “Khand (part of a Tourism is a service oriented industry. It has country). The name has been mentioned in early Hindu emerged as a second largest industry in the world as a scriptures as the combined region of (present catalyst of the development process at the national and the day Garhwal) and manaskhand (present day kumaun) global level. In certain economies, this industry is the Uttrakhand has a total area 53,484 sqkm of which 93% is foundation of the environmental, economic, socio cultural mountainuous and 65% is covered by forest. Most of the and even human pyramid, while in most others it is northern part of the state is covered by lofty Himalayan contributing to a significant extent in the general peaks and glaciers. Two of the most prominent rivers of development process as well as it provides solution of the origins in the region , the Ganga at and basic problem. Pandit Jawaharlal Nehru, the first Prime the Yamuna at Yamonotri, these two along with Minister of independent India was the first person who and Kedarnath forms the a holy noticed the importance of tourism in the country. pilgrimage for the Hindus. Uttrakhand lieson the southern According to him it was not only an instrument of foreign slopes of the Himalayan range, and the climate and the exchange but also a means of seeking international vegetatian varies greatly with the elevation from the cooperation, understanding and peace between nations. glaciers at the highest elevations from the glaciers to the Tourism Industry is a class it is a prominent part subtropical forests at the lower elevations the highest of the ‘leisure industry’. Its several characteristics elevated areas are covered by ice and huge rocks. distinguish it from other types of industry. It differs from Uttrakhand lies in the lap of the Himalayan other type of industries in the following respects. Mountains and is Known for its picturesque beauty.The • Unlike other industry tourism involves gorgeous Mountain peaks the valleys and the rivers movements of people and of goods. The industry enhances its beauty. It is a paradise for the tourists.It is is no doubt a dynamic one. It is susceptible to also known for its sanctity and piousness. the objective considerations such as ideas and holy city famous for the Ganga river alng with Hrishikesh attitudes and the l kes and dislikes of its ,,Mussouri and the satdham Yatra adds to the customers; political unrest and economic beauty of this place. instability caused by inflation and currency Tourism is an industry which is developing at a fluctuations can ruin this industry completely. steady pace it also promotes the cultural regional heritage • Normally the products to be consumed are of the country and as a source of increasing the economic transported by door to door service to a consumer. level. In contrast to this in a tourist trade the consumer There is lot of scope for tourism in Uttarakhand. is required to move (flow) to the product (stock) The million dollar question which arises is that the need of and the product which can never be exported e.g. the hour is to groom the resources and how to utilize them a view of Taj Mahal, naturally scenery of a properly. Certain steps must be taken with immediate region, architectural museums and monuments effect. The utmost requirement is to rebuild the have to be visited if we want to visualize them. infrastructure. To start with the first and foremost step is • The various industries comprising the tourist the overhauling of the roads which are really in a pathetic industry are primarily concerned with people. condition. This work needs immediate attention and the Tourism has its own benefit and helps in direct work should be taken up on a war footing. economic gains by contributing to the balance of Not only this transportation system has to be payments, increasing national income and revamped. Required help can be taken from the private providing employment opportunities. sector. Coordination should be established between the Uttrakhand formerly known as Uttaranchal is a state in private and public sector and they have to work like hands the northern part of India. It is often after referred to as the and gloves with each other . A modernizing touch should “Lands of the Goods” due to the varied holy Hindu be given to resorts and basic amenities like hotels. They temples and pilgrimage centers found throughout the state. should be within the reach of the common man so that Uttarakhand is mainly known for its natural and pious more and more tourists could be attracted. Certain beauty of the . incentives should be provided to the tourist. This all should

111 Copyright © 2016. Vandana Publications. All Rights Reserved. www.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962 be done without disrupting the ecological balance as it is a • They also train local villagers who plays a vital sensitive area. role during natural calamities and disasters. There are 13 districts in Uttarakhand which are Wildlife Tourism grouped into two divisons, Kumaon and Garhwal. Districts Along with the renowned Corbett National Park, of two divisons are as follows:-The Kumaun divisons Uttarakhand has several other breathe –taking destinations consist of , , , Nainital, for wildlife tourism. These include the Rajaji National and Udham Singh Nagar. The Garhwal Park, Govind Pashu Vihar, , Chilla and Divison consists of Dehradun, Haridwar ,Tehri Garhwal, Saptarishi Ashram, the last four being a delight for bird ,Chamoli, Garhwal and . watchers. The queen of the hills – II. FEATURES OF TOURISM IN , the lake district of India-Nainital, Kuasali, UTTRAKHAND Pauri, Lansdowne, , Almora, Pithoragarh, Mansyari and many more attractive tourist destinations are • It preserves our ancenstral beauty which has parts of Uttrakhand. continued from generation to generations The soothing environment makes Uttarakhand a preserving its originality in this vast developing preffered destination to relax from the hustle and bustle of pace of the world. city life. From the modern facilities at Mussoorie and Nainital to the untouched ,pristine beauty of its snow-clad • Monumental beauty as well as batural scenic peaks , rivers and forests, Uttarakhand provides all that a beauty both is its vital elements. tourist could possibly seek for amusement and leisure.In its • It attracts the foreigners and positively efforts to develop new tourist destinations, the UTDB has strengthens the international brotherhood among brought a plan to develop the areas near the Tehri dam as the citizens of different nations with varied tourist destinations. culture and heritage. Uttarakhand has a rare diversity of flora and • Helps in increasing the GDP and national income fauna which makes it an ideal place for developing eco of the domestic country. tourism , projects and activities like jungle safaris, trekking There are many ways to attract tourism in Uttrakhand. on mountain and forest trails, nature walks,etc. All these Some of these are as follows activities have to be conducted in a manner that promotes Adventure Tourism environmental awareness also and helps in maintaining the Uttrakhand is a paradise for adventure sports. The ecological balance so that the piousness and sanctity of the sheer variety ranges from mountaineering in Bhagirathi, place can be maintained which is in the lap of the nature. Chaukhamba, Kamet, Pindari, Sahastratal ,

Milam ,Kafni, Khatling, Gaumukh, Trekking, Sking at auli, which is known as Switzerland of India III. PROBLEMS OF TOURSM IN DayaraBugyal, Munsyari,Mundali and skating, water UTTARAKHAND sports in all the lakes and rivers of Uttrakhand to aero sports like hang gliding,para gliding at Pithoragarh ,Jolly Caused by guides employees associated with this industry Grant ,Pauri,makes Uttrakhand one of the most attractive • They misguide the visitors and take undue destinations for adventure sports not only in India but all advantage of their unfamiliarity to the place . over the world.In addition to develop the ski-resorts on a • They adhere to wrong activities which may create largescale, the need of the hour is to start master plans to a wrong impression and can create a dark blot on develop infrastructure facilities on the trekking routes in the image of the Nation around the globe. the state. • They try to change many hidden or irrelevant Promotion of Adventure Tourism duties from visitors to extract the maximum out Uttrakhand is a paradise on the earth.This region of them just for petty gains. has been known for its adventure tourism since ancient • They treat tourism purely as a means to mint times. Mountaineers from this region have climbed many money which may ruin its social relevance. high peaks within and outside the country have made our Caused by visitors head raised high. The government has taken various steps • They indulge in many unhygienic activities to promote adventure sports. destroying the piousness of the place, like peeing • The government has appointed adventure sport at side spots spitting, discharging the peels or officers in every district to give a boost to wrappers at prohibited areas etc. adventure sports. • They destroy the attraction by their actions and • These officers are engaged in training the local activities. people in trekking , mountaineering, water sports Other Problem associated with the industry: and skiing.

112 Copyright © 2016. Vandana Publications. All Rights Reserved. www.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962

• Language bar is a major problem faced by it. • The air transport network in the state is gradually People coming from round the globe face improving. Jolly Grant in Dehradun, is language as an obstacle. the busiest airport in the state with six daily • Frauds or the local cheat try to misguide people flights to Airport. Airport, pretending to be a professional guide. located in the Kumaon region does not have any • Lack of proper and strict execution of the current commercial air services. Government is planning laws or regulations associated with it which is to develop Naini Saini Airport in Pithoragarh commonly violated by common people ,guides or district Bharkot Airport in in the visitors. and Airport in • 2000 villagers are situated in the distance of 65 . There are plans to launch km and above from road head. About 5000 helipad service in Pant Nagar and Jolly Grant villages are not connected by roads. Almost all and other important tourist destinations inaccessible villages are situated in hills. like Ghanghariya and Hemkund Sahib. • 50% of villages are of less than 200 population • As over 90% of Uttarakhand’s terrain consists of and 80% of villages are of less than 500 hills, railway services are very limited in the state population. and are largely confined to the plains. In 2011,the • 72% holdings are under category of marginal total length of railway tracks was about 345 km. holdings and 47% holdings are below the size of Rail, being the cheapest mode of transport , is 0.5Ha. most popular. The most important railway station • Since 65% area is covered by forest very limited in Kumaun Division of Uttrakhand is at area is left for development. Kathgodam,35 Km away from Nainital. • Several disabilities and indiscrepencies imposed Kathgodam is the last ternminus of the broad by environmental concerns but no compensatory gauge line of North East Railways that connects mechanism is there. Nainital with Delhi, Dehradun, and Howrah. Other notable railway stations are at Pantnagar • More than 200 villages are situated at the mouth of landslides and there is a risk to their lives. , and Haldwani. • Resettelment and rehabitation of these villages Dehradun railway station is a railhead of the need huge resources. Northern Railways. Haridwar station is situated on the Dellhi-Dehradun and Howrah-Dehradun • Even today,5000 villages in hill area are not connected by roads. railway lines. One of the main railheads of the Northern Railways , Haridwar Junction by meter • Some routes like the -Srinagar road that gauge and broad gauge lines. comes remains closed for about 160 days in a year due to under Northern Railway region of Indian landslides. Railways on the Main Punjab –Mughal Sarai • Uttrakahnd has 28,508 km of roads , of which trunk route and is connected to major Indian 1,328 km are national highways and 1,543 km are cities. Other railheads are Rishikesh, and state highways. The state Road Transport Ramnagar linked to Delhi by daily trains. Corporation (SRTC),which has been reorganized Measures to solve the problems of tours and travels in Uttarakhand as the Uttarakhand Transport • Guides should be knowledgeable and educated to Corporation,is a major constituent of the act appropriately as a guide for the visitors who transportation system in the state. The come to visit the mesmerizing attraction of Coorporation began to work on 31 October 2003 natural or human made world. and provides services on interstate and • nationalized routes. As on 2012,approximatey Language bar can be removed by letting the guide 1000 buses are being plied by the “Uttarakhand be multi-linguistic the one who is able to Transport Corporation” on 35 nationalized routes converse in many languages. • along with many other non-nationalized routes. Strict laws and regulations should be effectively There are also private transport operators minimal. operating approximately 3000 buses on non- • Proper hygienic conditions should be maintained nationalized routes along with a few interstate to preserve the cultural and regional attraction of routes in Uttarakhand and the neighboring state of the place. U.P. for travelling locally, the state ,like most of Opportunity provided by Tourism the country, has auto rickshaws and cycle Tourism Policy, 2001 The land of celestial beauty blessed rickshaws. In addition, remote towns and villages with magnificent glaciers, majestic snow-clad mountains, in the hills are connected by a vast network of gigantic and ecstatic peaks and valley of lowers, skiing crowded share jeeps. slopes and dense forests, this abode of gods includes many shrines and places of pilgrimage. Char Dhams, the four 113 Copyright © 2016. Vandana Publications. All Rights Reserved. www.ijemr.net ISSN (ONLINE): 2250-0758, ISSN (PRINT): 2394-6962 most sacred and revered Hindu temples Badrinath, numbers visits these places so the local population of state Kedarnath, Gangotri and are nestled in the lofty also get advantage of the tourism and it is the main source mountains. of income to the state. For development of such tourist Objective of Tourism Policy Placing Uttarakhand on the places which generate large income to the state the tourism map of the world as one of the leading tourist transportation mode of state should also be developed. destinations and to make Uttarakhand synonymous with Therefore with the motive of developing tourism in the tourism. Developing the manifold related resources of the kumaun, bharat ratna awardee Pandit Govind Vallabh Pant state in an eco-friendly manner, with the active helped to establish Kumaun Motors owners limited participation of the private sector and the local host (KMOUL), it was formed in April 1939 and continue till communities. Developing tourism as a major source of the date. Kumaun Motors owners limited (KMOUL) are employment and income/revenue generation and as a pivot vary fast progress in 1980 to 1990. He have 350 bus in of the economic and social development in the state. kumaun division thes bus runs per day 20,000 km and Self Employment Scheme The veer Chandra Singh company’s bus are runs in new made rotes. These rotes not Garhwali tourism Self employment Scheme, the only one cover by state transportation corporation. But Uttarakhand of its kind in the country, has been started in the state from Gov. not promote Kumaun Motors owners limited 1st June, 2002 to co-join tourism and livelihood. The (KMOUL). Central Government has applauded the success of this scheme and it is being used as a role model in the entire V. CONCLUSION country. Under this scheme, the educated unemployed are provided advance loans and subsidies for various tourism Role of KMOUL in the formation of UPSRTC (Uttar related ventures. Under this scheme, private entrepreneurs Pradesh state transportation corporation) can get a loan from commercial banks and a state subsidy In 1951, when UPSRTC was established of 20% to a maximum of Rs. 2 Lakh, on investment up to Bharatratna awardee Pandit Govind Vallabh Pant Rs. 10 lakh. demanded the aid of his company KMOUL in the Loans are being granted for establishing sales formation of UPSRTC, KMOUL company on accepting counters for selling local products, construction of Tourist the demand of Pandit Govind Vallabh Pant provided the information Centers, setting up of Meditation Centres or facility of its stations and workers/officials to the Sadhana Kutirs and Yoga Centers. The scheme is intended UPSTRC for commencement of its operations. At the same for people who are original or permanent residents of time, Shri Murali Pant was such station master who was Uttarakhand and who are not defaulters of any bank. imparted the responsibility of both the station of KMOUL Around 1000 people have set up their businesses under the in Almora and UPSRTC station. This is a very rare fact in scheme and thousands have been provided employment our history that such a small local private company through the scheme. The state Government has taken (KMOUL) has accompanied in the establishment of such a Singapore as a model state to develop tourist sites of big state transportation corporation. Uttarakhand. REFERENCES IV. KUMAUN MOTUR OWNERS UNION LIMITED TAKE OPPORTUNITY [1] Seth Pran Nath-“Successful Tourism Management” [2] Lickorish, L.J.-“ An Interim Study of Tourism” Uttarakhand is a hilly state and due to the difficult [3] Tourist Statistics 2001-Issued by Market Research, terrain and topography of many such regions it is difficult Division, Department of Tourism. to access most of the remote areas due to lack of proper [4] Norval, A.J- “Tourist Industry” roads and approach. Therefore the significance of the state [5] Mathieson, A.and Wall, G.,Tourism: Economics, transportation facility increases, whereas the only mode of Physical and Social Impacts, Harlwo: Longman. transportation in the state remains the road transportation. [6] James Rs. Abbey and Dunnavan L. Sapienza, The Art The transportation through railways is limited to and Science of Managing Hotel. kathgodam, haldwani, udham singh nagar, kashipur and [7] Murray Sir James, A.H.-“A new English Dictionary on ramnagar while the air transportation is limited to only two Historical Principle” places of the state i.e. Pantnagar and pithoragarh which is [8] Tourist Statistic 2001, Market Resarch Davison, Deptt also known for its irregular facility of air transportation. In of tourism System” this way it becomes clear that in kumaun region of [9] Robert Christie Mill and Alastair M. Morrison- “the Uttarakhand, the only mode of transportation remains road Tourism System” transportation. The state being a hilly area has many tourist [10] Seth, P.N.-“Successful Tourism Management” spots in the Kumaun region such as Nainital, Ranikhet, [11] Pande,M.C-Uttarakhand Treasures and tears. Almora, pithoragarh etc. Every year tourist in large

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