Archidendron ellipticum LC Taxonomic Authority: (Blanco) I.C.Nielsen  Global Assessment  Regional Assessment Region: Global  Endemic to region Synonyms Common Names Abarema elliptica (Blanco) Kosterm. Abarema elliptica (Blume) Kosterm. fasciculata (Benth.) Kurz, p.p. Inga elliptica Blume Pithecellobium elliptic (Blanco) Hassk. Pithecellobium elliptic (Blume) Hassk. Pithecellobium fascic Benth.

Upper Level Kingdom: PLANTAE Phylum: TRACHEOPHYTA Class: MAGNOLIOPSIDA Order: Family: LEGUMINOSAE Lower Level Taxonomy Rank: Infra- rank name:  Hybrid Subpopulation: Authority:

General Information Distribution This species occurs in the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Borneo,Thailand and the Nicobar islands.

Range Size Elevation Biogeographic Realm Area of Occupancy: Upper limit: 900  Afrotropical Extent of Occurrence: Lower limit: 0  Antarctic Map Status: Depth  Australasian Upper limit:  Neotropical Lower limit:  Oceanian Depth Zones  Palearctic  Shallow photic  Bathyl  Hadal  Indomalayan  Photic  Abyssal  Nearctic Population No population data was available, however, it is inferred that the population exceeds the critical thresholds, as it has a wide geographic range and grows in both primary and secondary forests. The most recent specimen collection found is dated 2002.

Total Population Size Minimum Population Size: Maximum Population Size: Habitat and Ecology This unbuttressed tree grows in primary and secondary and disturbed lowland rain forest, especially along rivers and streams.

System Movement pattern Crop Wild Relative System Movement pattern Crop Wild Relative  Terrestrial  Freshwater  Nomadic  Congregatory/Dispersive  Is the species a wild relative of a crop?  Marine  Migratory  Altitudinally migrant

Growth From Definition Shrub - size unkno Perennial shrub (any size), also termed a Phanerophyte if >1m or a Chamaephyte if <1m Tree - size unknow Tree (any size), also termed a Phanerophyte (>1m)

Threats This species suffers fron the general threats associated with expanding human populations. The lowland forest habitat, within its range, has a number of ongoing threats, including urbanisation and expansion of agriculture. For example, there is a rise in unsustainable shifting agricultural practices, more small holder farms and increased numbers of plantations within its range. It is now cosidered vulnerable in Singapore due to loss of habitat, primarily through urbanisation.

Past Present Future 1 Habitat Loss/Degradation (human induced)    1.1 Agriculture    1.1.1 Crops    1.1.1.1 Shifting Agriculture    1.1.1.2 Small-holder farming    1.1.3 Non-timber plantations    1.1.3.1 Small-scale    1.1.3.2 Large-scale    1.3 Extraction    1.3.3 Wood    1.3.3.1 Small-scale subsistence    1.3.3.3 Clear-cutting    1.4 Infrastructure development    Conservation Measures This species occurs in existing protected areas within its range, for example, the Gunung Lumaku Forest Reserve, Sabah. Expansion of existing areas and identification of new ones would no doubt afford greater protection, as it occupies a habitat which is under pressure from expanding human populations. It was not found in available lists for seed bank collections, but is listed from Singapore botanic gardens.

In Place Needed 3 Research actions   3.2 Population numbers and range   3.4 Habitat status   3.5 Threats   3.9 Trends/Monitoring   4 Habitat and site-based actions   4.4 Protected areas   4.4.1 Identification of new protected areas   4.4.4 Expansion   5 Species-based actions   5.7 Ex situ conservation actions   5.7.1 Captive breeding/Artificial propagation   5.7.2 Genome resource bank  

Countries of Occurrence Countries of Occurrence

PRESENCE ORIGIN Year Breeding Non- Passage Possibly Extinct Presence Native Introduced Re- Vagrant Origin Round Season breeding migrant extinct uncertain Introduced uncertain only season only Brunei Darussalam             India             Andaman and Nicobar             Is. - Nicobar Is. Indonesia             Java             Kalimantan             Sumatra             Malaysia             Peninsular Malaysia             Sabah             Sarawak             Philippines             Singapore             Thailand            

General Habitats Score Description Major Importance 1 Forest 1 Suitable Unset 1.6 Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland 1 Suitable Unset

Species Utilisation  Species is not utilised at all

Purpose / Type of Use Subsistence National International 3. Medicine - human and veterinary    4. Poisons    7. Fuel    9. Construction/structural materials    The Dusun of Brunei Darussalam heat leaves over a fire and place directly over the pancreas for relief of pain and also, eat fresh, young, red leaves to eliminate blood in faeces (Voeks and Samhan 2001). It is also noted to have bioinsecticidal properties (Bhattacharyya et al. 2007)

Trend in the level of wild offtake/harvest in relation to total wild population numbers over the last five years: Trend in the amount of offtake/harvest produced through domestication/cultivation over the last five years: CITES status: Not listed

IUCN Red Listing Red List Assessment: (using 2001 IUCN system) Least Concern (LC)

Red List Criteria: Date Last Seen (only for EX, EW or Possibly EX species):  Possibly Extinct Candidate?  Is the species Possibly Extinct?  Possibly Extinct Candidate?  Rationale for the Red List Assessment The extent of occurrence (EOO), estimated area of occupancy (AOO) and inferred population exceed the critical thresholds. It is assessed as Least Concern (LC). This species is found in lowland rainforest, which is a threatened habitat within its range. However, it can tolerate some disturbance, as it is found in both primary, secondary and disturbed forest. Surveys are recommended to establish the current population status and trends. Reason(s) for Change in Red List Category from the Previous Assessment:  Genuine Change  Nongenuine Change  No Change  Genuine (recent)  New information  Taxonomy  Same category  Genuine (since first assessment)  Knowledge of Criteria  Criteria Revisio and criteria  Incorrect data used  Other  Same category but previously change in criteria Current Population Trend: Unknown Date of Assessment: 16/09/2010 Name(s) of the Assessor(s): H.Chadburn Evaluator(s): Notes:

% population decline in the past: Time period over which the past decline has been measured for applying Criterion A or C1 (in years or generations): % population decline in the future: Time period over which the future decline has been measured for applying Criterion A or C1 (in years or generations): Number of Locations: Severely Fragmented: Number of Mature Individuals:

Bibliography Voeks, R.A. and Samhan, N., 2001, Healing flora of the Brunei Dusun. (Research Notes)., Borneo Research BulletinSeptember, , , Bhattacharyya, A., Mazumdar Leighton, S. and Babu, C.R., 2007, Bioinsecticidal activity of Archidendron ellipticum trypsin inhibitor on growth and serine digestive enzymes during larval development of Spodoptera litura., Comparative biochemistry and physiology. Toxicology & pharmacology4, 669-77, , Lock, J.M. And Ford, C.S, 2004, Legumes of Malesia: A check-list., , Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, London Merrill, E.D., 1923, An Enumeration of Philippine Flowering , 241-323, Manila Bureau of Printing, Manilla Nielsen,I., 1985, Flora of Thailand, Vol 4 Part 2. Mimosaceae. In:T.Smithinans, , , Nielson, I. et al., 1984, The Genus Archiodendron, Opera Botanica, 1-120, , Turner, I.M., 2000, The Plants of Singapore Botanic Gardens, , National Parks Board, Singapore