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120494NCJRS.Pdf If you have issues viewing or accessing this file contact us at NCJRS.gov. STATE OF NEW JERSEY COUNTY AND MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT STUDY COMMISSION A Legislative Agency RECENT REPORTS OF THE COUNTY AND MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT STUDY COMMISSION *COlTections Policy for the '90s, May 1989 *Services for the Elderly: Current and Future Needs, October 1988 *Solid Waste Management In New Jersey, November 1987 *Optional Municipal Charter Law, October 1987 *Judicial Unification, July 1987 *Local Hedevelopment In New Jersey: Structuring a New Partnership, January 1987 *The Structure of County Government: Current Status and Needs, July 1986 Local Liability Insurance: A Crisis, May 1986 *Functional Fragmentation and the Traditional Forms of Municipal Govern­ ment in New Jersey, January 1986 The Changing Structure of New Jersey Municipal Government, March 1985 (In cooperation with the Bureau of Government Research, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey) *County Mandates: The State Judicial System and Human Services, October 1984 New Jersey's Local Infrastructure: An Assessment of Needs, September 1984 *New Jersey Water Supply Handbook, December 1983 Green Acres in the '80s: Meeting New Jersey's Needs for Open Space and Recreation, June 1983 Optional Municipal Charter Law (Faulkner Act), As Amended, June 1983 Computer Use: A Guide for Local Officials in New Jersey, September 1981 (In cooperation with N.J. State League of Municipalities and N.J. Department of Community Affairs) The Outlook for Historic Preservation in New Jersey, July 1981 The Impact of Mandates on Counties, June 1981 Issues for the '80s; The Impact of Mandates; Municipal Caps, January 1981 *The Development of Libraries and Networks, June 1980 *Available upon request State of New Jersey County and Municipal Government Study Commission. v' CORRECTIONS POLICY i FOR THE '90s 120494 U.S. Department of Justice National Institute of Justice This document has been reproduced exactly as received from the person or organization originating it. Points of view or opinions stated in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the National Institute of Justice. Permission to reproduce this copyrighted material has been granted by New Jerse~ounty & M~ni~ipal Government Study Commlsslon to the National Criminal Justice Reference Service (NCJRS). Further reproduction outside of the NCJRS system requires permis­ J sion of the copyright owner. May 1989 COUNTY Ai"VD MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT STUDY COMMISSION SENATE MUNICIPAL Cannen A. Orechio Fred G. Stickel III Chairman Vice Chairman John A. Lynch Jr. Catherine Frank-White Henry P. McNamara John E. Trafford ASSEMBLY COUNTY Rodney P. Frelinghuysen Stephen Capestro John A. Girgenti Linda Spalinski Garabed "Chuck" Haytaian Vacancy AT-LARGE Robert F. Casey Benjamin R Fitzgerald Leonard Lance COMMISSION STAFF David C. Mattek Executive Director Seth B. Be~amin Carol D. Howard* Research Associate Research Associate Eileen K Crowe Ervin Shienbaum Research Assistant Research Associate Arlene K Wilkinson Secretary ·Project Director and Principal Author §tat~ of N~Ul 3.lrnwy COUNTY AND MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT STUDY COMMISSION 115 WEST STATE STREET TRENTON. NEW JERSEY 08625 AREA CODE 609 292-6226, 292-6299 SENATOR CARMEN A. ORECHIO DAVID C. MATTEK CHAIRMAN EXECUTIVE DIRECTOR TO IDS EXCELLENCY GOVERNOR THOMAS A. KEAN AND HONORABLE MEMBERS OF THE SENATE AND GENERAL ASSEMBLY The County and Municipal Government Study Commission is pleased to submit its thirty-ninth report, COTTections Policy Jor the '90s. This report addresses the issue of jail and prison overcrowding that has resulted both nationally and in the State of New Jersey in the last ten years. The "crisis in corrections" is primarily a result of toughened criminal codes that have been adopted in the majority of the states, including New Jersey. The report stresses the need for additional prison cells for violent adult offenders, and the need to expand the use of cost-effective alternatives to incarceration for non-violent juvenile and adult offenders. The most significant intergovernmental reform recommended in the re­ port involves the delivery of county probation services. Currently, probation services are funded by the counties with administrative directives from the State Judiciary. With adoption of the recommendation proposed in this report. pre-dispositional probation services would remain function of the State Trial Court System to be funded by the State when the State takes over the funding of the State Trial Court System as has been recommended by the Commission in previous reports. Post-dispositional probation services would be identified as an integral part of the correctional system with the counties having both financial and administrative control of the system. The adoption of the recommendations contained in this report will iii enhance the positive national reputation that New Jersey enjoys for its pro­ gressive endeavors regarding the correctional system. Respectfully submitted by the members of the County and Municipal Government Study CommisSion. /s/ Cannen A Orechio. Chairman /s/ Fred G. Stickel III. Vice /s/ John A Lynch. Jr. Chairman /s/ Henry P. McNamara /s/ Robert F. Casey /s/ Rodney P. Frelinghuysen /s/ Benjamin R. Fitzgerald /s/ John A Girgenti /s/ Catherine Frank-White /s/ Garabed "Chuck" Haytaian / s/ Linda Spalinski /s/ Leonard Lance /s/ <John E. Trafford /s/ Stephen Capestro iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Commission would like to acknowledge the subsequent individuals who contributed to the development of this report: First. we would like to acknowledge the following individuals in the Department of Corrections. Division of Policy and Planning. for their consider­ able time and expertise in reviewing drafts of the report and providing the necessary statistical information needed in a timely manner: Stanley Repko. Deputy Director; Don Van Nostrand. Director. Office of Policy Analysis and Planning: and. Richard Mattek. Administrative Analyst. Office of Policy Analysis and Planning. In addition. the Commission would like to acknowledge the following individuals in the Department of Corrections. Division of Juvenile Services. for their cooperation and support in the developmen t of the report and review­ ing of the drafts: Thomas F. Lynch. Jr.. Assistant Commissioner: Frank E. Gripp. Deputy Director; and. Joseph A Gorka Coordinator. Support Services. The Commission also wishes to thank the following individuals in the Administrative Office of the Courts: Harvey M. Goldstein. Assistant Director for Probation: William D. Burrell. Chief. Probation Supervision Services; and. Richard B. Talty. Director. Intensive Supervision Program. Their contributions to the development of this report were invaluable. Others who have provided ongOing help in the preparation of this report are: Barbara M. Greer. Deputy Chief. Governor's Office of Policy and Planning; Andrew W. Johnson. Senior Policy Advisor. Governor's Office of Policy and Planning; Robert M. Egles. Executive Director. Parole Board; Martin J. Hodanish. Executive Director. Juvenile Delinquency Commission; Bruce D. Stout. Assistant Director. Juvenile Delinquency Commission; and. Linda Spalinski. Executive Director. New Jersey Association of Counties. The Commission also wishes to thank the members of the Criminal Disposition Commission for their input into this report. In addition. the Commission would like to thank the many field staffwho gave of their time in helping the Commission staff understand the complex­ ities of the correctional system. There are too many persons to mention by name. however. they are from the following segments: prisons: jails: training schools: juvenile detention centers: residential treatment programs: day treat­ ment programs; probation: parole: :md. other specialized programs offering alternatives to incarceration. Finally. the Commission would like to acknowledge the contribution made by Arlene K Wilkinson for her typing skills and other related work that was necessary for this report. The Commission is grateful to all of the aforementioned individuals for their contributions to this report. v TABLE OF CO~ITENTS LEITER OF TRANSMIITAL .............................................................................................. iii ACKN"OWLEDGEMENTS ...................................................................................................... v LIST OF FIGURES AND TABLES .................................................................................. viii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ....................................................................................................... xi CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION: THE "CRISIS IN CORRECTIONS" Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 National Trends ............................................................................................................. 2 Criminal Victimization ................................................................................... 2 Arrestee and Offender Characteristics .................................................. 5 Corrections Population Statistics ............................................................ 9 Corrections Expenditures and Employment ..................................... 13 Public Perception of Crime and Punishment .................................. 18 Current Problems and Issues ..............................................................................
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