Development of a Defined Compost System for the Study of Plant
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First Steps in Winemaking
FIRST STEPS IN WINEMAKING A complete month-by-month guide to winemaking (including the production of cider, perry and mead) and beer brewing at home, with over 130 tried and tested recipes 3rd EDITION 6th IMPRESSION By C. J. J. BERRY (Editor, The Amateur Winemaker) "The Amateur Winemaker," North Croye, The Avenue, Andover, Hants About this book THIS little book really started as a collection of recipes, reliable recipes which had appeared in the monthly magazine, "The Amateur Winemaker." First published in January 1960, it was an instant and phenomenal success, for a quarter of a million copies have been sold, and it is now recognised as the best "rapid course" in winemaking available to the beginner. This new edition has the advantage of modern format, and better illustrations, and the opportunity has been taken to introduce new material and bring the book right up to date. Those who are in need of recipes, and who have probably just fallen under the spell of this fascinating hobby of ours, will also want to know more of its technicalities, so this book includes a wealth of practical tips and certain factual information that any winemaker would find useful. In particular, the hydrometer, ignored in many books on winemaking, has been dealt with simply but adequately, and there is a really practical section on "home-brew" beers and ales . you will find this small book a mine of useful knowledge. The original recipes are there, over 130 of them, with quite a few others, and they are all arranged in the months of their making, so that you can pursue your winemaking all the year round with this veritable Winemakers' Almanac. -
Zen Garden, Beautifulness, Ryoan Temple, Ginkaku Temple, Sankei Garden
American Journal of Sociological Research 2016, 6(4): 91-98 DOI: 10.5923/j.sociology.20160604.01 A Study on the Beauty of Zen Garden – Cases of Ginkaku Temple, Ryōan Temple and Sankei Garden Tsai Lung-Ming Department of Tourism Management, Chinese Culture University, Taiwan Abstract “Zen” in Chinese called “Chan” welcomed by the Western countries. Indian people’s meditation is somehow like sitting, so Zen also called “Zazen” means sit and meditation. A Zen painting which means the thinking in mind of the author expressed on the painting. That’s a kind of spiritual thinking. In Muromachi Era and Kamakura Era, Japanese culture was profoundly influenced by the Chinese Song and Yuan Dynasty. Most of the arts such as tea ceremony, painting, incense, lacquer ware…etc. Rito Akisato built the Ryoan Temple in 1797. The 15 stones were famous across the world. They are 5, 2,3,2,3 five groups. The garden in Ginkaku Temple using sand to make waves for imitating sea waves also very famous. Sankei Garden is a natural style garden which built in Edo era, and has Study room (Shoin) style tea house in it. There tea ceremonies were opened very often. An empirical test garden built in the campus of National Pingtung University of Science and Technology. With landscape facilities of dry stream, water basin, ‘Run and Chase’ grouping stone, three-stone grouping, small pond and stone lantern to intimate the Zen garden. Keywords Zen garden, Beautifulness, Ryoan Temple, Ginkaku Temple, Sankei Garden A Zen garden is not necessary to be located in a Zen 1. -
Characterization of Nutrient Disorders and Impacts on Chlorophyll and Anthocyanin Concentration of Brassica Rapa Var
agriculture Article Characterization of Nutrient Disorders and Impacts on Chlorophyll and Anthocyanin Concentration of Brassica rapa var. Chinensis 1 1 1, 2 Patrick Veazie , Paul Cockson , Josh Henry y, Penelope Perkins-Veazie and Brian Whipker 1,* 1 Department of Horticultural Sciences, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; [email protected] (P.V.); [email protected] (P.C.); [email protected] (J.H.) 2 Plants for Human Health Institute, North Carolina State University, Kannapolis, NC 28081, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Current address is: The Scotts Miracle-Gro Company, Marysville, OH 43040, USA. y Received: 3 September 2020; Accepted: 5 October 2020; Published: 8 October 2020 Abstract: Essential plant nutrients are needed at crop-specific concentrations to obtain optimal growth and yield. Foliar tissue analysis is the standard method for assessing nutrient levels in plants. Symptoms of nutrient deficiency or toxicity occur when the foliar tissue values become too low or high. Diagnostic nutrient deficiency criteria for Brassica rapa var. Chinensis (bok choy) is lacking in the current literature. In this study, green (‘Black Summer’) and purple (‘Red Pac’) bok choy plants were grown in silica sand culture, with control plants receiving a complete modified Hoagland’s all-nitrate solution, and nutrient-deficient plants induced by using a complete nutrient formula withholding a single nutrient. Tissue samples were collected at the first sign of visual disorder symptoms and analyzed for dry weight and nutrient concentrations of all plant essential elements. Six weeks into the experiment, the newest matured leaves were sampled for chlorophyll a, b, and total carotenoids concentrations for both cultivars, and total anthocyanin concentration in ‘Red Pac’. -
Effects of Hoagland's Solution Concentration and Aeration On
Proc. Fla. State Hort. Soc. 120:337–339. 2007. Effects of Hoagland’s Solution Concentration and Aeration on Hydroponic Pteris vittata Production ROBERT H. STAMPS* University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Environmental Horticulture Department, Mid-Florida Research and Education Center, 2725 South Binion Road, Apopka, FL 32703-8504 ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. Chinese brake fern, Chinese ladder brake fern, phytoremediation, arsenic, electrical conductivity, water use, water use effi ciency, fern yield Chinese ladder brake fern (Pteris vittata) has potential for use as a biofi lter for arsenic-contaminated groundwater. However, little research has been conducted on growing ferns hydroponically, especially for months at a time. The purpose of this experiment was to determine the effects of hydroponic nutrient solution concentration and aeration on Pteris vittata growth. Individual fern plugs in net pots were suspended in 10%, 20%, or 30% strength Hoagland’s #1 solution from polystyrene sheets fl oating in 11-L tanks. Half the tanks were aerated and half were not. Solution electrical conductivity increased with increasing Hoagland’s solution strength, and pHs were higher in the aerated than in the non-aerated tanks. Root dry masses were not affected by solution strength, but frond and rhizome dry masses increased linearly with increasing Hoagland’s solution strength. Dry masses of all three plant parts were gen- erally greater in the aerated tanks. Frond water use (mL·cm–2) was reduced by aeration while water use effi ciency (g dry wt·L–1) was increased. Hoagland’s solution strength had no effect on these latter two parameters. Pteris vittata was successfully grown hydroponically in low-strength nutrient solutions selected to reduce the chances of secondary contamination to water sources upon release by fertilizer components. -
Visual Deficiency and Multi-Deficiency Symptoms of Macro and Micro Nutrients Element in Pistachio Seedling (Pistacia Vera)
Visual deficiency and multi-deficiency symptoms of macro and micro nutrients element in pistachio seedling (Pistacia vera) Afrousheh M., Ardalan M., Hokmabadi H. in Zakynthinos G. (ed.). XIV GREMPA Meeting on Pistachios and Almonds Zaragoza : CIHEAM / FAO / AUA / TEI Kalamatas / NAGREF Options Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens; n. 94 2010 pages 37-52 Article available on line / Article disponible en ligne à l’adresse : -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- http://om.ciheam.org/article.php?IDPDF=801283 -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- To cite this article / Pour citer cet article -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- Afrousheh M., Ardalan M., Hokmabadi H. Visual deficiency and multi-deficiency symptoms of macro and micro nutrients element in pistachio seedling (Pistacia vera). In : Zakynthinos G. (ed.). XIV GREMPA Meeting on Pistachios and Almonds. Zaragoza : CIHEAM / FAO / AUA / TEI Kalamatas / NAGREF, 2010. p. 37-52 (Options Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séminaires Méditerranéens; n. 94) -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -
Lipoic Acid Combined with Melatonin Mitigates Oxidative Stress and Promotes Root Formation and Growth in Salt-Stressed Canola Seedlings (Brassica Napus L.)
molecules Article Lipoic Acid Combined with Melatonin Mitigates Oxidative Stress and Promotes Root Formation and Growth in Salt-Stressed Canola Seedlings (Brassica napus L.) Hafiz Muhammad Rashad Javeed 1 , Mazhar Ali 1 , Milan Skalicky 2 , Fahim Nawaz 3 , Rafi Qamar 4, Atique ur Rehman 5, Maooz Faheem 1, Muhammad Mubeen 1, Muhammad Mohsin Iqbal 1 , Muhammad Habib ur Rahman 6 , Pavla Vachova 2 , Marian Brestic 7 , Alaa Baazeem 8 and Ayman EL Sabagh 9,* 1 Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS University Islamabad, Vehari Campus, Vehari 61100, Pakistan; [email protected] (H.M.R.J.); [email protected] (M.A.); [email protected] (M.F.); [email protected] (M.M.); [email protected] (M.M.I.) 2 Department of Botany and Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agrobiology, Food and Natural Resources, Czech University of Life Sciences Prague, 16500 Prague, Czech Republic; [email protected] (M.S.); [email protected] (P.V.) 3 Department of Agronomy, Muhammad Nawaz Shareef University of Agriculture, Multan 60000, Pakistan; [email protected] 4 Department of Agronomy, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha 40100, Pakistan; drrafi[email protected] 5 Citation: Javeed, H.M.R.; Ali, M.; Department of Agronomy, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60000, Pakistan; [email protected] 6 Skalicky, M.; Nawaz, F.; Qamar, R.; Crop Science Group, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), University Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany; [email protected] Rehman, A.u.; Faheem, M.; Mubeen, 7 Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, 94901 Nitra, Slovakia; M.; Iqbal, M.M.; Rahman, M.H.u.; [email protected] et al. -
Rapid Mass Multiplication of Glomus Mosseae Inoculum As Influenced by Some Biotic and Abiotic Factors
Bangladesh J. Bot. 44(2): 209-214, 2015 (June) RAPID MASS MULTIPLICATION OF GLOMUS MOSSEAE INOCULUM AS INFLUENCED BY SOME BIOTIC AND ABIOTIC FACTORS SUBRATA NATH BHOWMIK*, GULAB SINGH YADAV AND MRINMAY DATTA Division of Natural Resource Management, ICAR Research Complex for NEH Region, Tripura Centre, Lembucherra 799210, Tripura, India Key words: Rapid mass multiplication, Glomus mosseae, Biotic, Abiotic factors, Root colonization Abstract Rhodes grasses (Chloris gayana Kunth) inoculated with Glomus mosseae were grown under the influence of Azospirillum (biotic factor), IAA (abiotic factor) and Hoagland’s solution (abiotic factor). The effectiveness of each factor was evaluated by measuring mycorrhizal root colonization and spore numbers. The pot culture experiment was carried out under polyhouse condition and observations were recorded at 45, 90 and 120 days of plant growth. The harvest date finely influenced the size of mycorrhizal inoculum. But, all biotic and abiotic factors had a greater influence on root colonization and spore multiplication than harvest time. The agents on application in conjunction favourably enhanced root infection and spore multiplication as compared to their solo treatments, with Azospirillum + Hoagland’s solution application posing to be the best. This not only stimulated mycorrhizal development, but also accelerated the root growth. Introduction Arbuscular mycorrhizae (AM) are obligate biotrophic fungi forming symbiotic relationship with the roots of many plants. Despite immense potential of AM fungus to increase crop yield, the obligate biotrophic nature of AM fungus has complicated the development of cost-efficient large scale production methods to obtain high-quality AM fungal inoculum (IJdo et al. 2010). AM fungal propagules comprising mycelium or infected root pieces, and soil borne spores are termed as inoculum (Daniels and Skipper 1982). -
Plant Growth-Promoting Bacteria As Biofertilizer Fauzia Y
Plant growth-promoting bacteria as biofertilizer Fauzia Y. Hafeez, Sumera Yasmin, Dini Ariani, Non Renseigné, Yusuf Zafar, Kauser A. Malik To cite this version: Fauzia Y. Hafeez, Sumera Yasmin, Dini Ariani, Non Renseigné, Yusuf Zafar, et al.. Plant growth- promoting bacteria as biofertilizer. Agronomy for Sustainable Development, Springer Verlag/EDP Sciences/INRA, 2006, 26 (2), pp.143-150. hal-00886338 HAL Id: hal-00886338 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00886338 Submitted on 1 Jan 2006 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Agron. Sustain. Dev. 26 (2006) 143–150 143 © INRA, EDP Sciences, 2006 DOI: 10.1051/agro:2006007 Research article Plant growth-promoting bacteria as biofertilizer Fauzia Y. HAFEEZa*, Sumera YASMINa, Dini ARIANIb, Mehboob-ur-RAHMANa, Yusuf ZAFARa, Kauser A. MALIKa a National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering (NIBGE), PO Box 577, Jhang Road, Faisalabad 38000, Pakistan b R&D Centre for Biotechnology, The Indonesian Institute of Sciences, JI. Raya Bogor Km 46, Cibinong 16911, Indonesia (Accepted 18 May 2006) Abstract – Seventeen rhizobacteria isolated from different ecological regions, i.e. Brazil, Indonesia, Mongolia and Pakistan were studied to develop inoculants for wheat, maize and rice. -
Effect of Potassium Deficiency on Uptake and Partitioning in the Cotton
University of Arkansas, Fayetteville ScholarWorks@UARK Theses and Dissertations 5-2016 Effect of Potassium Deficiency on Uptake and Partitioning in the Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Plant and Detection by a Crop Reflectance Sensor Taylor Dayne Coomer University of Arkansas, Fayetteville Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd Part of the Agronomy and Crop Sciences Commons, Botany Commons, and the Plant Biology Commons Recommended Citation Coomer, Taylor Dayne, "Effect of Potassium Deficiency on Uptake and Partitioning in the Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Plant and Detection by a Crop Reflectance Sensor" (2016). Theses and Dissertations. 1572. http://scholarworks.uark.edu/etd/1572 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ScholarWorks@UARK. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks@UARK. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Effect of Potassium Deficiency on Uptake and Partitioning in the Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) Plant and Detection by a Crop Reflectance Sensor A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences by Taylor Dayne Coomer University of Arkansas Bachelor of Science in Crop, Soil, and Environmental Sciences, 2013 May 2016 University of Arkansas This thesis is approved for recommendation to the Graduate Council. __________________________________ Dr. Derrick Oosterhuis Thesis Director __________________________________ Dr. Curt Rom Committee Member __________________________________ ___________________________________ Dr. Leo Espinoza Dr. Fred Bourland Committee Member Committee Member Abstract For cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to grow and develop normally, plants need to uptake the necessary amount of nutrients and use those nutrients in a beneficial fashion. -
Effects of Iron and Oxygen on Chlorophyll Biosynthesis' I
Plant Physiol. (1982) 69, 107-1 1 1 0032-0889/82/69/0107/05/$00.50/0 Effects of Iron and Oxygen on Chlorophyll Biosynthesis' I. IN VIVO OBSERVATIONS ON IRON AND OXYGEN-DEFICIENT PLANTS Received for publication March 31, 1981 and in revised form July 31, 1981 SUSAN C. SPILLER, ANN M. CASTELFRANCO2, AND PAUL A. CASTELFRANCOQ Department ofBotany, University of Cal!fornia, Davis, California 95616 ABSTRACT ALA4 (3). It is probable that this in vivo 02 requirement, in part, reflects the need for molecular O2 in aerobic respiration, which is Corn (Zea mnays, L.), bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.), barley (Hordeum necessary to generate ATP in the common test plants (e.g. cucum- vudgare L.), spinach (Spuiacia oeracea L.), and sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris ber, bean, barley). L.) grown under iron deficiency, and Potamogeton pectinatus L, and Pota- In the present paper we are reporting on: (a) the accumulation mogeton nodosus Poir. grown under oxygen deficiency, contained less of Mg-Proto(Me) in vivo by Fe and 02-deficient plants; (b) the chlorophyll than the controls, but accumulated Mg-protoporphyrin IX and/ effect of Fe and O2 deficiency on the conversion of exogenous or Mg-protoporphyrin IX monomethyl ester. No significant accumulation ALA to Pchlide by plant tissue segments. The following article by of these intermediates was detected in the controls or in the tissue of Chereskin and Castelfranco (5) deals with the inhibition of ALA plants stressed by S, Mg, N deficiency, or by prolonged dark treatment. synthesis by Fe- and Mg-containing tetrapyrroles, and the effects Treatment of normal plant tissue with 8-aminolevulinic acid in the dark of Fe-chelators and anaerobiosis on the conversion of Mg-Proto resulted in the accumulation of protochlorophyliide. -
Identification of Nutrient Deficiency in Bean Plants by Prompt Chlorophyll Fluorescence Measurements and Artificial Neural Networks
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/664235; this version posted June 8, 2019. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. Identification of nutrient deficiency in bean plants by prompt chlorophyll fluorescence measurements and Artificial Neural Networks Vladimir Aleksandrov Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics, Bulgarian Academy of Science e-mails: [email protected] ; [email protected] Abstract The deficiency of macro (N, P, S, Ca, Mg and K) and micro (Zn, Cu, B, Mo, Cl, Mn and Fe) minerals has a major effect on plant development. The lack of some nutrient minerals especially of nitrogen, potassium, calcium, phosphorus and iron is a huge problem for agriculture and early warning and prevention of the problem will be very useful for agro-industry. Methods currently used to determine nutritional deficiency in plants are soil analysis, plant tissue analysis, or combined methods. But these methods are slow and expensive. In this study, a new method for determining nutrient deficiency in plants based on the prompt fluorescence of chlorophyll a is proposed. In this paper bean plants are grown on a complete nutrient solution (control) were compared with those grown in a medium, which lacked one of these elements - N, P, K, Ca and Fe. In this article the mineral deficiency in nutrient solution was evaluated by the stress response of the plants estimated by leaves photosynthetic activity. -
Appendix: Orchid Potting Mixtures - an Abridged Historical Review 1
Appendix: Orchid potting mixtures - An abridged historical review 1 T. J. SHEEHAN Introduction There is little doubt that potting media development over time has been the salvation of orchid growers (Bomba, 1975). When epiphytic orchids were first introduced into England and other European countries in the 18th century growers could not envision plants growing in anything but soil. '"Peat and loam' were good for everything and frequently became the mass murderers of the first generation of epiphytic orchids," Hooker is believed to have said around the end of the 19th century; England had become the graveyard of tropical orchids. Undoubtedly this was in reference to the concern individuals were having over the potting media problems. This problem also drew the attention of such noted individuals as John Lindley and Sir Joseph Paxton, as well as the Gardener's Chronicle, who noted that "The Rule of Thumb" had nothing to say about orchid growing; it was only effective in orchid killing (Bomba 1975). Fortunately, the ingenuity of growers solved the problem as innovative potting mixes evolved over the years. After visiting a number of orchid growing establishments it immediately becomes obvious to any orchid grower, professional or hobbyist, that orchids, both epiphytic and terrestrial, will grow in a wide variety of media. It has often been stated that epiphytic orchids can be grown in any medium except soil as long as watering and fertilization are adjusted to fit the mix being used. Ter restrial orchids seem to thrive in any medium that contains 40% or more organic matter. Reading cultural recommendations from the early days of orchid growing is most interesting and highly recommended.