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Adverse Effects of Organophosphorus Pesticides on the Liver: a Brief Summary of Four Decades of Research
Karami-Mohajeri S, et al. Adverse effects of OPs on the liver: a brief research summary Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2017;68:261-275 261 Review DOI: 10.1515/aiht-2017-68-2989 Adverse effects of organophosphorus pesticides on the liver: a brief summary of four decades of research Somayyeh Karami-Mohajeri1,2, Ahmad Ahmadipour2, Hamid-Reza Rahimi1,2, and Mohammad Abdollahi3,4 Pharmaceutics Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology1, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy2, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center3, Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology4, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran [Received in May 2017; Similarity Check in May 2017; Accepted in December 2017] Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) are widely used volatile pesticides that have harmful effects on the liver in acute and chronic exposures. This review article summarises and discusses a wide collection of studies published over the last 40 years reporting on the effects of OPs on the liver, in an attempt to propose general mechanisms of OP hepatotoxicity and possible treatment. Several key biological processes have been reported as involved in OP-induced hepatotoxicity such as disturbances in the antioxidant defence system, oxidative stress, apoptosis, and mitochondrial and microsomal metabolism. Most studies show that antioxidants can attenuate oxidative stress and the consequent changes in liver function. However, few studies have examined the relationship between OP structures and the severity and mechanism of their action. We hope that future in vitro, in vivo, and clinical trials will answer the remaining questions about the mechanisms of OP hepatotoxicity and its management. -
Transport of Dangerous Goods
ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Recommendations on the TRANSPORT OF DANGEROUS GOODS Model Regulations Volume I Sixteenth revised edition UNITED NATIONS New York and Geneva, 2009 NOTE The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. ST/SG/AC.10/1/Rev.16 (Vol.I) Copyright © United Nations, 2009 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may, for sales purposes, be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, electrostatic, magnetic tape, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without prior permission in writing from the United Nations. UNITED NATIONS Sales No. E.09.VIII.2 ISBN 978-92-1-139136-7 (complete set of two volumes) ISSN 1014-5753 Volumes I and II not to be sold separately FOREWORD The Recommendations on the Transport of Dangerous Goods are addressed to governments and to the international organizations concerned with safety in the transport of dangerous goods. The first version, prepared by the United Nations Economic and Social Council's Committee of Experts on the Transport of Dangerous Goods, was published in 1956 (ST/ECA/43-E/CN.2/170). In response to developments in technology and the changing needs of users, they have been regularly amended and updated at succeeding sessions of the Committee of Experts pursuant to Resolution 645 G (XXIII) of 26 April 1957 of the Economic and Social Council and subsequent resolutions. -
Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Diphenylamines As MEK5 Inhibitors Suravi Chakrabarty
Duquesne University Duquesne Scholarship Collection Electronic Theses and Dissertations Fall 2014 Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Diphenylamines as MEK5 Inhibitors Suravi Chakrabarty Follow this and additional works at: https://dsc.duq.edu/etd Recommended Citation Chakrabarty, S. (2014). Design, Synthesis and Evaluation of Diphenylamines as MEK5 Inhibitors (Master's thesis, Duquesne University). Retrieved from https://dsc.duq.edu/etd/388 This Immediate Access is brought to you for free and open access by Duquesne Scholarship Collection. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Duquesne Scholarship Collection. For more information, please contact [email protected]. DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF DIPHENYLAMINES AS MEK5 INHIBITORS A Thesis Submitted to the Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Duquesne University In partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science (Medicinal Chemistry) By Suravi Chakrabarty December 2014 Copyright by Suravi Chakrabarty 2014 DESIGN, SYNTHESIS AND EVALUATION OF DIPHENYLAMINES AS MEK5 INHIBITORS By Suravi Chakrabarty Approved August 7, 2014 ________________________________ ________________________________ Patrick Flaherty, Ph.D. Aleem Gangjee, Ph.D., Chair, Thesis Committee Professor of Medicinal Chemistry Associate Professor of Medicinal Mylan School of Pharmacy Chemistry Distinguished Professor Graduate School Pharmaceutical Sciences Graduate School Pharmaceutical Sciences Duquesne University Duquesne -
COMBINED LIST of Particularly Hazardous Substances
COMBINED LIST of Particularly Hazardous Substances revised 2/4/2021 IARC list 1 are Carcinogenic to humans list compiled by Hector Acuna, UCSB IARC list Group 2A Probably carcinogenic to humans IARC list Group 2B Possibly carcinogenic to humans If any of the chemicals listed below are used in your research then complete a Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for the product as described in the Chemical Hygiene Plan. Prop 65 known to cause cancer or reproductive toxicity Material(s) not on the list does not preclude one from completing an SOP. Other extremely toxic chemicals KNOWN Carcinogens from National Toxicology Program (NTP) or other high hazards will require the development of an SOP. Red= added in 2020 or status change Reasonably Anticipated NTP EPA Haz list COMBINED LIST of Particularly Hazardous Substances CAS Source from where the material is listed. 6,9-Methano-2,4,3-benzodioxathiepin, 6,7,8,9,10,10- hexachloro-1,5,5a,6,9,9a-hexahydro-, 3-oxide Acutely Toxic Methanimidamide, N,N-dimethyl-N'-[2-methyl-4-[[(methylamino)carbonyl]oxy]phenyl]- Acutely Toxic 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-(4-methylcyclohexyl)-1-nitrosourea (Methyl-CCNU) Prop 65 KNOWN Carcinogens NTP 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) IARC list Group 2A Reasonably Anticipated NTP 1-(2-Chloroethyl)-3-cyclohexyl-1-nitrosourea (CCNU) (Lomustine) Prop 65 1-(o-Chlorophenyl)thiourea Acutely Toxic 1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane IARC list Group 2B 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane Prop 65 IARC list Group 2B 1,1-Dichloro-2,2-bis(p -chloropheny)ethylene (DDE) Prop 65 1,1-Dichloroethane -
Effect of Chlorpyrifos Oxon on M2 Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor Trafficking”
EFFECT OF CHLORPYRIFOS OXON ON M2 MUSCARINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR REGULATION BY ELMAR MABUNGA UDARBE Doctor of Veterinary Medicine University of the Philippines Los Baños College, Laguna, Philippines 1999 Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate College of Oklahoma State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE July, 2004 EFFECT OF CHLORPYRIFOS OXON ON M2 MUSCARINIC ACETYLCHOLINE RECEPTOR REGULATION Thesis Approved: DR. CAREY N. POPE Thesis Advisor DR. CYRIL C. CLARKE DR. CHARLOTTE C. OWNBY DR. DORIS K. PATNEAU DR. AL CARLOZI Dean of Graduate College ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS My sincerest gratitude goes to my major advisor, Dr. Carey N. Pope for the intelligent supervision, for providing inspiration to do this work. I am also thankful to my committee members, Dr. Cyril Clarke, Dr. Charlotte Ownby and Dr. Doris Patneau for helpful comments on the content and form of this manuscript. I am indebted to the Fulbright-Philippine Agriculture Scholarship Program (FPASP) and the Philippine American Education Foundation (PAEF) whose exchange program deepened my understanding of the U.S. culture and its people and allowed me to promote mutual understanding between the U.S. and the Philippines. I am grateful to the University of the Philippines in Mindanao (UPMINDANAO) for supporting my pursuit for graduate studies, the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Oklahoma State University Board of Regents and Dr. Sidney Ewing, Wendell H. and Nellie G. Krull Endowed professor for the financial assistance. I am also thankful to the following: Ms. Sharon Baker for doing the preliminary work on the project; Dr. -
Validation Report 20
EURL for Cereals and Feeding stuff National Food Institute Technical University of Denmark Validation Report 20 Determination of pesticide residues in rice baby food by GC-MS/MS and LC-MS/MS (QuEChERS method) Parvaneh Hajeb Susan Strange Herrmann Mette Erecius Poulsen December 2015 Page 2 of 18 CONTENT: 1. Introduction ...................................................................................................................................... 3 2. Principle of analysis......................................................................................................................... 3 3. Validation design ............................................................................................................................. 4 4. Chromatograms and calibration curves .......................................................................................... 5 5. Validation parameters...................................................................................................................... 9 6. Criteria for the acceptance of validation results ........................................................................... 10 7. Results and discussion ................................................................................................................... 10 8. Conclusions .................................................................................................................................... 12 9. References ..................................................................................................................................... -
Oxydemeton-Methyl (166) Demeton-S-Methyl (073
oxydemeton-methyl 993 OXYDEMETON-METHYL (166) DEMETON-S-METHYL (073) EXPLANATION Oxydemeton-methyl (ODM) was evaluated for residues by the JMPR in 1968, 1973, 1979, 1984, 1989, and 1992. The 1992 review was a complete re-evaluation. It reviewed extensive residue data from supervised trials on all major crops and associated data on use patterns, storage stability, processing, and methods of residue analysis were reviewed and numerous MRLs were recommended. The MRLs are expressed as the sum oxydemeton-methyl, demeton-S-methyl, and demeton-S- methylsulphon, expressed as oxydemeton-methyl. The ADI was established in 1989 at 0.0003 mg/kg body weight and is for the sum of the three compounds. Demeton-S-methyl is an insecticide. The sulfoxide of demeton-S-methyl is ODM. It currently has no MRLs. The 1995 CCPR scheduled ODM and demeton-S-methyl for periodic review of residue aspects by the 1997 JMPR (ALINORM 95/24A). This was changed by the 1997 CCPR, which scheduled ODM and demeton-S-methyl for periodic review by the 1998 JMPR. Bayer AG has submitted data in support of the Periodic Review which included information on crops and regions of interest to that company. The governments of Germany and The Netherlands have also submitted information. IDENTITY Common name (ISO): Oxydemeton-methyl Chemical name: IUPAC: S-2-ethylsulfinylethyl O,O-dimethyl phosphothioate CA: S-[2-ethylsulfinyl)ethyl] O,O-dimethyl phosphothioate CAS number: 301-12-2 EU-index number: 015-046-00-7 EINECS number: 206-110-7 CIPAC number: 171 Molecular formula: C6 H15 O4 P S2 Synonyms: Metasystox R Structural formula: . -
United Nations LAWS and REGULATIONS FRANCE
E/NL.1950/9-16 1 March 1950 United Nations LAWS AND REGULATIONS PROMULGATED TO GIVE EFFECT TO THE PROVISIONS OF THE CONVENTION OF 13 JULY 1931 FOR LIMITING THE MANUFACTURE AND REGULATING THE DISTRIBUTION OF NARCOTIC DRUGS AS AMENDED BY THE PROTOCOL OF 11 DECEMBER 1946 FRANCE COMMUNICATED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF FRANCE Lake Success, New York, 1950 Note by the Secretary-General In accordance with Article 21 of the Convention of 13 July 1931 for Limiting the Manufacture and Regulating the Distribution of Narcotic Drugs, as amended by the Protocol of 11 December 1946, the Secretary-General has the honour to communicate here• after the texts of regulations. Ori gina1: English E/NL.1950/9 COMPOSITION OF PART II OF THE SCHEDULES OF POISONOUS SUBSTANCES* 1he Minister of Public Health and Population, •Considering the amended Act of 19 July 1845, Considering the Decree of 19 November 1943, and in particular Article 1 of the said Decree, Orders as follows: Article 1 The following substances shall be included in Schedule A, Part II: Arsenious oxide and arsenic acid Hydrocyanic acid Aconite (leaves, roots, extract and tincture) Aconitine and its salts Adrenaline Alkaloids of opium, their salts and their derivatives, other than those specifically mentioned in Schedule B Apomorphine and its salts Arecoline and its salts Arsenates and arsenites Metallic arsenic (cobalt) Atropine and its salts Belladonna (leaves, roots, powder and extract) Benzoate of mercury Dichloride of mercury Bi-iodide of mercury Bromo form Methyl bromide Brucine and its salts Cantharides (whole, powder and tincture) Cantharidin and its salts Chloroform Chloropicrin Hemlock (fruit, powder and extract) Codeine and its salts Colchicine and its salts Colchicum (seeds and extract) Conine and its salts Convalla toxin Indian berry The poisonous substances classified in the Codex without legal authority as "toxic" substances or as substances "to be kept separately" are not listed here. -
Reactions of Lithium Nitride with Some Unsaturated Organic Compounds. Perry S
Louisiana State University LSU Digital Commons LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses Graduate School 1963 Reactions of Lithium Nitride With Some Unsaturated Organic Compounds. Perry S. Mason Jr Louisiana State University and Agricultural & Mechanical College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses Recommended Citation Mason, Perry S. Jr, "Reactions of Lithium Nitride With Some Unsaturated Organic Compounds." (1963). LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses. 898. https://digitalcommons.lsu.edu/gradschool_disstheses/898 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at LSU Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in LSU Historical Dissertations and Theses by an authorized administrator of LSU Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. This dissertation has been 64—5058 microfilmed exactly as received MASON, Jr., Perry S., 1938- REACTIONS OF LITHIUM NITRIDE WITH SOME UNSATURATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS. Louisiana State University, Ph.D., 1963 Chemistry, organic University Microfilms, Inc., Ann Arbor, Michigan Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. REACTIONS OF LITHIUM NITRIDE WITH SOME UNSATURATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS A Dissertation Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of the Louisiana State University and Agricultural and Mechanical College in partial fulfillment of the requireiaents for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in The Department of Chemistry by Perry S. Mason, Jr. B. S., Harding College, 1959 August, 1963 Reproduced with permission of the copyright owner. Further reproduction prohibited without permission. -
Development and Validation of a Method for the Simultaneous
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by UGD Academic Repository American Journal of Applie d Chemistry 2014; 2(4): 46-54 Published online August 10, 2014 (http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ajac) doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140204.11 ISSN: 2330-8753 (Print); ISSN: 2330-8745 (Online) Development and validation of a method for the simultaneous determination of 20 organophosphorus pesticide residues in corn by accelerated solvent extraction and gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detection Vesna Kostik *, Biljana Gjorgeska, Bistra Angelovska Medical Faculty, Department of Pharmacy, University “Goce Delchev”, Shtip, Republic of Macedonia Email address: [email protected] (V. Kostik), [email protected] (B. Gjorgeska), [email protected] (B. Angelovska) To cite this article: Vesna Kostik, Biljana Gjorgeska, Bistra Angelovska. Development and Validation of a Method for the Simultaneous Determination of 20 Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues in Corn by Accelerated Solvent Extraction and Gas Chromatography with Nitrogen Phosphorus Detection. American Journal of Applied Chemistry. Vol. 2, No. 4, 2014, pp. 46-54. doi: 10.11648/j.ajac.20140204.11 Abstract: The method for simultaneous determination of 20 organophosphorus pesticide residues in corn samples has been developed and validated. For the extraction of organophosporus pesticide residues from the samples, the accelerated solvent technique with the mixture of dichloromethane: acetone (1:1, V/V ) was used. Clean up was done using liquid – liquid extraction with n – hexane, followed by solid phase extraction on primary secondary amine adsorbent, and elution with the mixture of acetone: toluene (65:35). The determination of the pesticides was carried out by gas chromatography with nitrogen phosphorus detection. -
Efficient Asymmetric Addition of Diethylzinc to Ketones Using Tartaric Acid Derivative As Chiral Ligand
General Papers ARKIVOC 2008 (ii) 25-32 Efficient asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to ketones using tartaric acid derivative as chiral ligand Ailing Hui,a Jintang Zhang,b Huayin Sun,b and Zhiyong Wangb* aEngineering Research Center of Bio-process (Hefei University of Techonology), Ministry of Education, 193 Tunxi Road, Hefei, Anhui 230009, PRC bDepartment of Chemistry, University of Science & Technology of China, 96 Jinzhai Road, Hefei, Anhui 230026, PRC E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A new chiral ligand derived from natural tartaric acid was synthesized and was applied to the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to aldehyde and ketones. Moderate to good enantioselectivities were obtained in the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to ketones with 10% mol catalyst loading at room temperature. Keywords: Tartaric acid, asymmetric addition, diethylzinc, aldehyde, ketone Introduction Chiral alcohols are ubiquitous in the structure of natural products and drug compounds, and are also important precursors for many other functional organic molecules. One of the most useful methods for the asymmetric preparation of sec-alcohols and tert-alcohols is the enantioselective addition of dialkylzinc reagents to carbonyl compounds with chiral ligands 1. Recent studies 2 showed the ligands with C2-symmetrical axes could catalyze dialkylzinc to aldehydes or ketones 3. Taking the advantage of the chirality of L-tartaric acid, we4 designed and synthesized a series of ligands with C2-symmetric axe, two of them were successfully applied to the asymmetric addition of diethylzinc to ketones. Recently, another new chiral ligands derived from L-tartaric acid were synthesized, as showed in Scheme 1. Furthermore, these ligands were employed as promoters in the addition of diethylzinc to aldehyde and ketones. -
United States Patent (19) (11) 4,161,571 Yasui Et Al
United States Patent (19) (11) 4,161,571 Yasui et al. 45 Jul. 17, 1979 (54) PROCESS FOR PRODUCTION OF THE 4,080,493 3/1978 Yasui et al. .......................... 260/879 MALE CANHYDRDE ADDUCT OF A 4,082,817 4/1978 Imaizumi et al. ...................... 526/46 LIQUID POLYMER 4,091,198 5/1978 Smith ..................................... 526/56 75 Inventors: Seimei Yasui, Takarazuka; Takao FOREIGN PATENT DOCUMENTS Oshima, Sonehigashi, both of Japan 2262677 2/1975 France ....................................... 526/56 73) Assignee: Sumitomo Chemical Company, 44-1989 1/1969 Japan ......................................... 526/56 Limited, Osaka, Japan Primary Examiner-William F. Hamrock Attorney, Agent, or Firm-Birch, Stewart, Kolasch and 21 Appl. No.: 843,311 Birch 22 Filed: Oct. 18, 1977 57 ABSTRACT Related U.S. Application Data A process for production of the maleic anhydride ad duct of a liquid polymer having a maleic anhydride 62 Division of Ser. No. 733,914, Oct. 19, 1976, Pat, No. addition amount of 2 to 70% by weight, which com 4,080,493. prises reacting a liquid polymer having a molecular 51 Int. C.’................................................ CO8F 8/46 weight of 150 to 5,000 and a viscosity of 2 to 50,000 cp (52) U.S. C. ...................................... 526/90; 526/192; at 30 C. in the presence of at least one compound, as a 526/209; 526/213; 526/193; 526/195; 526/226; gelation inhibitor, selected from the group consisting of 526/233; 526/237; 526/238; 526/272; 525/285; imidazoles, thiazoles, metallic salts of mercapto 525/249; 525/251; 525/255; 525/245; 525/248 thiazoles, urea derivatives, naphthylamines, nitrosa (58) Field of Search ................