Week 3: Editing and Continuity in Hollywood and It's Others
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Aural Expressionism and Montage in Hitchcock's Blackmail
Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC Research Papers Graduate School Summer 6-25-2012 There’s Something British about That: Aural Expressionism and Montage in Hitchcock’s Blackmail, Psycho, and The irB ds Laura D. Borger [email protected], [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/gs_rp Recommended Citation Borger, Laura D., "There’s Something British about That: Aural Expressionism and Montage in Hitchcock’s Blackmail, Psycho, and The Birds" (2012). Research Papers. Paper 260. http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/gs_rp/260 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Graduate School at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in Research Papers by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THERE’S SOMETHING BRITISH ABOUT THAT: AURAL EXPRESSIONISM AND MONTAGE IN HITCHCOCK’S BLACKMAIL, PSYCHO, AND THE BIRDS by Laura Borger B.A., Southern Illinois University, 1998 B.S., Southern Illinois University, 1998 M.S., Southern Illinois University, 2003 A Research Report Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Master of Arts Department of English in the Graduate School Southern Illinois University Carbondale August 2012 Copyright by Laura Borger, 2012 All Rights Reserved RESEARCH REPORT APPROVAL THERE’S SOMETHING BRITISH ABOUT THAT: AURAL EXPRESSIONISM AND MONTAGE IN HITCHCOCK’S BLACKMAIL, PSYCHO, AND THE BIRDS By Laura Borger A Research Report Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts in the field of English Approved by: Scott McEathron, PhD, Chair Graduate School Southern Illinois University Carbondale June 25, 2012 AN ABSTRACT OF THE RESEARCH REPORT OF LAURA BORGER, for the MASTER OF ARTS degree in ENGLISH, presented on June 25, 2012, at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. -
COM 320, History of the Moving Image–The Origins of Editing Styles And
COM 320, History of Film–The Origins of Editing Styles and Techniques I. The Beginnings of Classical/Hollywood Editing (“Invisible Editing”) 1. The invisible cut…Action is continuous and fluid across cuts 2. Intercutting (between 2+ different spaces; also called parallel editing or crosscutting) -e.g., lack of intercutting?: The Life of An American Fireman (1903) -e.g., D. W. Griffith’s Broken Blossoms (1919) (boxing match vs. girl/Chinese man encounter) 3. Analytical editing -Breaks a single space into separate framings, after establishing shot 4. Continguity editing…Movement from space to space -e.g., Rescued by Rover (1905) 5. Specific techniques 1. Cut on action 2, Match cut (vs. orientation cut?) 3. 180-degree system (violated in Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920)) 4. Point of view (POV) 5. Eyeline match (depending on Kuleshov Effect, actually) 6. Shot/reverse shot II. Soviet Montage Editing (“In-Your-Face Editing”) 1. Many shots 2. Rapid cutting—like Abel Gance 3. Thematic montage 4. Creative geography -Later example—Alfred Hitchcock’s The Birds 5. Kuleshov Effect -Established (??) by Lev Kuleshov in a series of experiments (poorly documented, however) -Nature of the “Kuleshov Effect”—Even without establishing shot, the viewer may infer spatial or temporal continuity from shots of separate elements; his supposed early “test” used essentially an eyeline match: -e.g., man + bowl of soup = hunger man + woman in coffin = sorrow man + little girl with teddy bear = love 6. Intercutting—expanded use from Griffith 7. Contradictory space -Shots of same event contradict one another (e.g., plate smashing in Potemkin) 8. Graphic contrasts -Distinct change in composition or action (e.g., Odessa step sequence in Potemkin) 9. -
The General Idea Behind Editing in Narrative Film Is the Coordination of One Shot with Another in Order to Create a Coherent, Artistically Pleasing, Meaningful Whole
Chapter 4: Editing Film 125: The Textbook © Lynne Lerych The general idea behind editing in narrative film is the coordination of one shot with another in order to create a coherent, artistically pleasing, meaningful whole. The system of editing employed in narrative film is called continuity editing – its purpose is to create and provide efficient, functional transitions. Sounds simple enough, right?1 Yeah, no. It’s not really that simple. These three desired qualities of narrative film editing – coherence, artistry, and meaning – are not easy to achieve, especially when you consider what the film editor begins with. The typical shooting phase of a typical two-hour narrative feature film lasts about eight weeks. During that time, the cinematography team may record anywhere from 20 or 30 hours of film on the relatively low end – up to the 240 hours of film that James Cameron and his cinematographer, Russell Carpenter, shot for Titanic – which eventually weighed in at 3 hours and 14 minutes by the time it reached theatres. Most filmmakers will shoot somewhere in between these extremes. No matter how you look at it, though, the editor knows from the outset that in all likelihood less than ten percent of the film shot will make its way into the final product. As if the sheer weight of the available footage weren’t enough, there is the reality that most scenes in feature films are shot out of sequence – in other words, they are typically shot in neither the chronological order of the story nor the temporal order of the film. -
TRANSCRIPT Editing, Graphics and B Roll, Oh
TRANSCRIPT Editing, Graphics and B Roll, Oh My! You’ve entered the deep dark tunnel of creating a new thing…you can’t see the light of day… Some of my colleagues can tell you that I am NOT pleasant to be around when I am in the creative video-making tunnel and I feel like none of the footage I have is working the way I want it to, and I can’t seem to fix even the tiniest thing, and I’m convinced all of my work is garbage and it’s never going to work out right and… WOW. Okay deep breaths. I think it’s time to step away from the expensive equipment and go have a piece of cake…I’ll be back… Editing, for me at least, is the hardest, but also most creatively fulfilling part of the video-making process. I have such a love/hate relationship with editing because its where I start to see all the things I messed up in the planning and filming process. But it’s ALSO where - when I let it - my creativity pulls me in directions that are BETTER than I planned. Most of my best videos were okay/mediocre in the planning and filming stages, but became something special during the editing process. So, how the heck do you do it? There are lots of ways to edit, many different styles, formats and techniques you can learn. But for me at least, it comes down to being playful and open to the creative process. This is the time to release your curious and playful inner child. -
Wide Shot (Or Establishing Shot) Medium Shot Close-Up Extreme
Definitions: Wide Shot (or Establishing Shot) Medium Shot Close-up Extreme Close-up Pan –Right or left movement of the camera Tilt –Up or down movement of the camera Zoom –Change in focal length (magnification) of the lens V/O –Voice-over, narration not synchronized with video SOT –Sound on Tape, Interview audio synchronized with video B-Roll -Refers to the earlier days of film when you had two rolls of film – A and B – and you had to edit them together. A-roll is the main subject of your shot, with audio such as an interview with someone or SOT (Sound on Tape synchronized with the video). B-roll is the background video for your film, often just video over which you’ll lay an audio track (such as the person talking in the A-roll). Nat Sound (Wild Sound) –Natural sound recorded with B-Roll This is video that has some natural background noise – traffic on a street, birds chirping in a park, etc. This audio can add depth and impact to a two-dimensional video tape. 2-Shot –Shot of the interview subject and the person asking the questions Reverse Angle –Straight-on shot of the person asking the questions Use a Tripod Use a tripod to get a steady shot, particularly if you’re shooting something that is not moving or a formal interview. Shaky video, especially in close-ups, can cause the viewer to become dizzy, even nauseous. If you don’t have a tripod or you’re doing a shot where you’ll have to move quickly, then find something to steady your camera – i.e. -
Aleksandra Khokhlova
Aleksandra Khokhlova Also Known As: Aleksandra Sergeevna Khokhlova, Aleksandra Botkina Lived: November 4, 1897 - August 22, 1985 Worked as: acting teacher, assistant director, co-director, directing teacher, director, film actress, writer Worked In: Russia by Ana Olenina Today Aleksandra Khokhlova is remembered as the star actress in films directed by Lev Kuleshov in the 1920s and 1930s. Indeed, at the peak of her career she was at the epicenter of the Soviet avant-garde, an icon of the experimental acting that matched the style of revolutionary montage cinema. Looking back at his life, Kuleshov wrote: “Nearly all that I have done in film directing, in teaching, and in life is connected to her [Khokhlova] in terms of ideas and art practice” (1946, 162). Yet, Khokhlova was much more than Kuleshov’s wife and muse as in her own right she was a talented author, actress, and film director, an artist in formation long before she met Kuleshov. Growing up in an affluent intellectual family, Aleksandra would have had many inspiring artistic encounters. Her maternal grandfather, the merchant Pavel Tretyakov, founder of the Tretyakov Gallery in Moscow, was a philanthropist and patron who purchased and exhibited masterpieces of Russian Romanticism, Realism, and Symbolism. Aleksandra’s parents’ St. Petersburg home was a prestigious art salon and significant painters, actors, and musicians were family friends. Portraits of Aleksandra as a young girl were painted by such eminent artists as Valentin Serov and Filipp Maliavin. Aleksandra’s father, the doctor Sergei Botkin, an art connoisseur and collector, cultivated ties to the World of Arts circle–the creators of the Ballets Russes. -
Cinematic Technique Intended Effect and Purpose Film Examples Shots
WRITING A STYLE ANALYSIS ESSAY Name ___________________________________ Cinematic Techniques Due Date ________________________________ Cinematic Technique Intended Effect and Purpose Film Examples Shot: A single piece of film, uninterrupted by cuts. Establishing Shot: Often a This is used to establish setting long shot or a series of and to show transitions shots that sets the scene. between locations. Long Shot (LS): A shot from It may suggest the isolation or some distance (also called vulnerability of a character. a full shot). A long shot of a person shows the full body. Medium Shot (MS): The The effect is to ground the most common shot. The story. camera seems to be a medium distance from the object being filmed. A medium shot shows a person from the waist up. Close-up Shot (CU): The Shots and Framing Shots image being shot takes up at least 80% of the frame. Extreme Close-up Shot (ECU): The image being shot is part of the whole, such as an eye or a hand. Two Shot: A scene between two people shot exclusively from an angle that includes both characters more or less equally, it is used in scenes where interaction between the two characters is important. Cinematic Technique Intended Effect and Purpose Film Examples Eye Level: A shot taken Ninety to ninety-five percent from a normal height – that of the shots seen are eye level is, at the character’s eye because it is the most natural level. angle. High Angle: The camera is This angle usually has the above the subject. effect of making the subject look smaller than normal, giving the character the appearance of being weak, powerless, and/or trapped. -
Cheat Sheet Video Editing
The Ultimate Video Editing Cheat Sheet /SunnyLenarduzzi Video & Social Media Coach, Consultant, YouTuber, Speaker and Broadcaster. Step 1: Pre-Production Did you know that the editing process begins before you even turn on your camera? Consider the following pre-production elements: Script Write a loose script that you'll use to guide you and the flow of your video. Break the script into sections i.e. intro, point #1, point #2, outro. If you promote your video across social platforms, write scripts that are specific to: Instagram: 15 sec. maximum Twitter: 30 sec. maximum Facebook: 20 min. maximum www.SunnyLenarduzzi.com Pre-Production Titles & Graphics To add a unique look and feel to your videos, be sure to create your intro graphic or animation that you can use in all of your videos moving forward. You can easily make these yourself in Canva or PicMonkey. Or you can hire someone to do it for as low as $5.00 on Fiverr. Shot List For each portion of your script, think about the visuals you'll need to support your points i.e. photos, extra video footage (b-roll), props, interviews, etc. Collect those creative elements and store them in a folder so they're organized for when it comes time to edit your video. Group shots with the same locations together to make the filming process easier; it's ok to film your video out of order. www.SunnyLenarduzzi.com Step 2: Production Lights, camera, action! Now that you have your ducks in a row, it's time to shoot your masterpiece. -
WORLD FILM LOCATIONS MOSCOW Edited by Birgit Beumers
WORLD FILM LOCATIONS MOSCOW Edited by Birgit Beumers WORLD FILM LOCATIONS MOSCOW Edited by Birgit Beumers First Published in the UK in 2014 by All rights reserved. No part of this Intellect Books, The Mill, Parnall Road, publication may be reproduced, stored Fishponds, Bristol, BS16 3JG, UK in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, First Published in the USA in 2014 mechanical, photocopying, recording, by Intellect Books, The University of or otherwise, without written consent. Chicago Press, 1427 E. 60th Street, Chicago, IL 60637, USA A Catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Copyright ©2014 Intellect Ltd World Film Locations Series Cover photo: Night Watch (2004) ISSN: 2045-9009 Bazelevs Production / Channel One eISSN: 2045-9017 Russia / The Kobal Collection World Film Locations Copy Editor: Emma Rhys ISBN: 978-1-78320-196-9 Typesetting: Jo Amner ePDF ISBN: 978-1-78320-267-6 ePub ISBN: 978-1-78320-268-3 Printed and bound by Bell & Bain Limited, Glasgow WORLD FILM LOCATIONS MOSCOW editor Birgit Beumers series editor & design Gabriel Solomons contributors José Alaniz Erin Alpert Nadja Berkovich Vincent Bohlinger Rad Borislavov Vitaly Chernetsky Frederick Corney Chip Crane Sergey Dobrynin Greg Dolgopolov Joshua First Rimma Garn Ian Garner Tim Harte Jamie Miller Jeremy Morris Stephen M. Norris Sasha Razor John A. Riley Sasha Rindisbacher Tom Roberts Peter Rollberg Larissa Rudova Emily Schuckman Matthews Sasha Senderovich Giuliano Vivaldi location photography Birgit Beumers -
Digital Video! I Didn't Know You Could Do That…™
SYBEX Sample Chapter Digital Video! I Didn't Know You Could Do That…™ Erica Sadun Chapter 9: Making Magic Copyright © 2001 SYBEX Inc., 1151 Marina Village Parkway, Alameda, CA 94501. World rights reserved. No part of this publication may be stored in a retrieval system, transmitted, or reproduced in any way, including but not limited to photocopy, photograph, magnetic or other record, without the prior agreement and written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 0-7821-2970-6 SYBEX and the SYBEX logo are either registered trademarks or trademarks of SYBEX Inc. in the USA and other countries. TRADEMARKS: Sybex has attempted throughout this book to distinguish proprietary trademarks from descriptive terms by following the capitalization style used by the manufacturer. Copyrights and trademarks of all products and services listed or described herein are property of their respective owners and companies. All rules and laws pertaining to said copyrights and trademarks are inferred. This document may contain images, text, trademarks, logos, and/or other material owned by third parties. All rights reserved. Such material may not be copied, distributed, transmitted, or stored without the express, prior, written consent of the owner. The author and publisher have made their best efforts to prepare this book, and the content is based upon final release software whenever possible. Portions of the manuscript may be based upon pre-release versions supplied by software manufacturers. The author and the publisher make no representation or warranties of any kind with regard to the completeness or accuracy of the contents herein and accept no liability of any kind including but not limited to performance, merchantability, fitness for any particular purpose, or any losses or damages of any kind caused or alleged to be caused directly or indirectly from this book. -
Elements of Photography in Filmmaking Illustrations
Elements of Photography in Filmmaking from Gilbert H. Muller and John A. Williams, Ways In: Approaches to Reading and Writing about Literature and Film (New York: McGraw Hill, 2003) Just as words make up the diction of literature, shots are the diction of filmmaking. Shots are defined as the images that are recorded continuously from the moment a camera is turned on to the time it is turned off. Describing shots involves the concepts of framing and image size. As in photography, all the information in a shot is contained within the frame. The size of the most important image in a frame (often the human figure) is an element that creates the difference between shots. The noted film authority Louis Gianetti defines them in six basic categories: the extreme long shot, the long shot, the full shot, the medium shot, the close-up, and the extreme close-up. The extreme long shot, often called the establishing shot, shows a whole environment of a scene from a distance. Typical examples include a whole building, a street, or a large part of a forest. The long shot presents a character in an important physical context. A typical long shot will show a man in a room, for example, where the shot is wide enough to show the details of the room in relationship to the human subject. The full shot displays exactly what it implies: the full human figure from head to toe. The medium shot reveals the figure from the waist up. The close-up concentrates on the human face or a small object (Figure 1). -
FILM & TELEVISION STUDIES Maste
FACULTY OF FINE ARTS SCHOOL OF FILM Secretariat Ikoniou 1, Stavroupoli, 56430 Tel.: +30 2310 990520 email: [email protected] ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI FACULTY OF FINE ARTS SCHOOL OF FILM MASTER’S PROGRAM: FILM & TELEVISION STUDIES Master’s Thesis “Spatial and Temporal Continuity in One-Shot Films: Editing Goes Into Hiding” Georgios Dimoglou Prof. Eleftheria Thanouli Prof. Betty Kaklamanidou Prof. Stacey Abbott Thessaloniki, January 2021 School of Film, AUTh ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Firstly, I would like to express my deep gratitude to Prof. Eleftheria Thanouli and Prof. Betty Kaklamanidou for their valuable guidance in regard to my thesis and their unabated support since my undergraduate years. Their passion for research and knowledge of film and television continue to motivate me as a student and aspiring researcher. I also extend my gratitude to Prof. Stacey Abbott for the time she dedicated to the evaluation of this thesis as well as for being a most inspiring teacher. I would also like to thank my talented postgraduate colleagues for motivating me and especially Pavlina, Eva and Paul for their support and friendship. The COVID-19 era has been an extremely arduous one and a lot of my longtime friends came to my aid in numerous ways. I am deeply grateful to Anna, Elena, Sofianna and Efi for having my back when I needed them the most. Maya, Kostas, Vasilis and Vaggelis are another huge part of my years in Thessaloniki and I am most thankful for our shared treasured memories as well as the memories we will create in the future. I would also like to express my deep sense of gratitude to Alkisti for being a most supportive colleague and an irreplaceable friend.