Ring Test Bulletin – RTB#53
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Zootaxa,Crustacean Classification
Zootaxa 1668: 313–325 (2007) ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2007 · Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) Crustacean classification: on-going controversies and unresolved problems* GEOFF A. BOXSHALL Department of Zoology, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, United Kingdom E-mail: [email protected] *In: Zhang, Z.-Q. & Shear, W.A. (Eds) (2007) Linnaeus Tercentenary: Progress in Invertebrate Taxonomy. Zootaxa, 1668, 1–766. Table of contents Abstract . 313 Introduction . 313 Treatment of parasitic Crustacea . 315 Affinities of the Remipedia . 316 Validity of the Entomostraca . 318 Exopodites and epipodites . 319 Using of larval characters in estimating phylogenetic relationships . 320 Fossils and the crustacean stem lineage . 321 Acknowledgements . 322 References . 322 Abstract The journey from Linnaeus’s original treatment to modern crustacean systematics is briefly characterised. Progress in our understanding of phylogenetic relationships within the Crustacea is linked to continuing discoveries of new taxa, to advances in theory and to improvements in methodology. Six themes are discussed that serve to illustrate some of the major on-going controversies and unresolved problems in the field as well as to illustrate changes that have taken place since the time of Linnaeus. These themes are: 1. the treatment of parasitic Crustacea, 2. the affinities of the Remipedia, 3. the validity of the Entomostraca, 4. exopodites and epipodites, 5. using larval characters in estimating phylogenetic rela- tionships, and 6. fossils and the crustacean stem-lineage. It is concluded that the development of the stem lineage concept for the Crustacea has been dominated by consideration of taxa known only from larval or immature stages. -
WMSDB - Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base
WMSDB - Worldwide Mollusc Species Data Base Family: TURBINIDAE Author: Claudio Galli - [email protected] (updated 07/set/2015) Class: GASTROPODA --- Clade: VETIGASTROPODA-TROCHOIDEA ------ Family: TURBINIDAE Rafinesque, 1815 (Sea) - Alphabetic order - when first name is in bold the species has images Taxa=681, Genus=26, Subgenus=17, Species=203, Subspecies=23, Synonyms=411, Images=168 abyssorum , Bolma henica abyssorum M.M. Schepman, 1908 aculeata , Guildfordia aculeata S. Kosuge, 1979 aculeatus , Turbo aculeatus T. Allan, 1818 - syn of: Epitonium muricatum (A. Risso, 1826) acutangulus, Turbo acutangulus C. Linnaeus, 1758 acutus , Turbo acutus E. Donovan, 1804 - syn of: Turbonilla acuta (E. Donovan, 1804) aegyptius , Turbo aegyptius J.F. Gmelin, 1791 - syn of: Rubritrochus declivis (P. Forsskål in C. Niebuhr, 1775) aereus , Turbo aereus J. Adams, 1797 - syn of: Rissoa parva (E.M. Da Costa, 1778) aethiops , Turbo aethiops J.F. Gmelin, 1791 - syn of: Diloma aethiops (J.F. Gmelin, 1791) agonistes , Turbo agonistes W.H. Dall & W.H. Ochsner, 1928 - syn of: Turbo scitulus (W.H. Dall, 1919) albidus , Turbo albidus F. Kanmacher, 1798 - syn of: Graphis albida (F. Kanmacher, 1798) albocinctus , Turbo albocinctus J.H.F. Link, 1807 - syn of: Littorina saxatilis (A.G. Olivi, 1792) albofasciatus , Turbo albofasciatus L. Bozzetti, 1994 albofasciatus , Marmarostoma albofasciatus L. Bozzetti, 1994 - syn of: Turbo albofasciatus L. Bozzetti, 1994 albulus , Turbo albulus O. Fabricius, 1780 - syn of: Menestho albula (O. Fabricius, 1780) albus , Turbo albus J. Adams, 1797 - syn of: Rissoa parva (E.M. Da Costa, 1778) albus, Turbo albus T. Pennant, 1777 amabilis , Turbo amabilis H. Ozaki, 1954 - syn of: Bolma guttata (A. Adams, 1863) americanum , Lithopoma americanum (J.F. -
Nebalia Kensleyi, a New Species of Leptostracan (Crustacea: Phyllocarida) from Tomales Bay, California
26 April 2005 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 118(l):3-20. 2005. Nebalia kensleyi, a new species of leptostracan (Crustacea: Phyllocarida) from Tomales Bay, California Todd A. Haney and Joel W. Martin (TAH) Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007 U.S.A. and Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095 U.S.A., e-rnail: [email protected] (JWM) Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, 900 Exposition Boulevard, Los Angeles, California 90007 U.S.A., e-mail: [email protected] Abstract.—A new species of leptostracan, Nebalia kensleyi, is described from the coast of central California. It differs from other species of Nebalia most notably in the shape and color of the pigmented region of the eyes, armature of the antennule and antenna, extent that the carapace covers the abdominal somites, epimeron of pereonite 4, dentition of the protopod of the third and fourth pleopod, details of the pleonite border spination, and length of the terminal seta of the caudal furca. The leptostracan Crustacea can be iden reefs to the bathyal zone. The actual diver tified as such by the presence of a movable sity of the order Leptostraca well exceeds rostrum, a folded carapace that conceals the that which has been recorded, and the gap thoracic somites, eight phyllopodous tho in our knowledge of these animals clearly racic limbs, seven abdominal somites, and is the result of both taxonomic and sam conspicuous uropods (Kaestner 1980, pling bias. Schram 1986). -
Spatial Patterns of Macrozoobenthos Assemblages in a Sentinel Coastal Lagoon: Biodiversity and Environmental Drivers
Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Article Spatial Patterns of Macrozoobenthos Assemblages in a Sentinel Coastal Lagoon: Biodiversity and Environmental Drivers Soilam Boutoumit 1,2,* , Oussama Bououarour 1 , Reda El Kamcha 1 , Pierre Pouzet 2 , Bendahhou Zourarah 3, Abdelaziz Benhoussa 1, Mohamed Maanan 2 and Hocein Bazairi 1,4 1 BioBio Research Center, BioEcoGen Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences, Mohammed V University in Rabat, 4 Avenue Ibn Battouta, Rabat 10106, Morocco; [email protected] (O.B.); [email protected] (R.E.K.); [email protected] (A.B.); [email protected] (H.B.) 2 LETG UMR CNRS 6554, University of Nantes, CEDEX 3, 44312 Nantes, France; [email protected] (P.P.); [email protected] (M.M.) 3 Marine Geosciences and Soil Sciences Laboratory, Associated Unit URAC 45, Faculty of Sciences, Chouaib Doukkali University, El Jadida 24000, Morocco; [email protected] 4 Institute of Life and Earth Sciences, Europa Point Campus, University of Gibraltar, Gibraltar GX11 1AA, Gibraltar * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: This study presents an assessment of the diversity and spatial distribution of benthic macrofauna communities along the Moulay Bousselham lagoon and discusses the environmental factors contributing to observed patterns. In the autumn of 2018, 68 stations were sampled with three replicates per station in subtidal and intertidal areas. Environmental conditions showed that the range of water temperature was from 25.0 ◦C to 12.3 ◦C, the salinity varied between 38.7 and 3.7, Citation: Boutoumit, S.; Bououarour, while the average of pH values fluctuated between 7.3 and 8.0. -
Species Distinction and Speciation in Hydrobioid Gastropoda: Truncatelloidea)
Andrzej Falniowski, Archiv Zool Stud 2018, 1: 003 DOI: 10.24966/AZS-7779/100003 HSOA Archives of Zoological Studies Review inhabit brackish water habitats, some other rivers and lakes, but vast Species Distinction and majority are stygobiont, inhabiting springs, caves and interstitial hab- itats. Nearly nothing is known about the biology and ecology of those Speciation in Hydrobioid stygobionts. Much more than 1,000 nominal species have been de- Mollusca: Caeno- scribed (Figure 1). However, the real number of species is not known, Gastropods ( in fact. Not only because of many species to be discovered in the fu- gastropoda ture, but mostly since there are no reliable criteria, how to distinguish : Truncatelloidea) a species within the group. Andrzej Falniowski* Department of Malacology, Institute of Zoology and Biomedical Research, Jagiellonian University, Poland Abstract Hydrobioids, known earlier as the family Hydrobiidae, represent a set of truncatelloidean families whose members are minute, world- wide distributed snails inhabiting mostly springs and interstitial wa- ters. More than 1,000 nominal species bear simple plesiomorphic shells, whose variability is high and overlapping between the taxa, and the soft part morphology and anatomy of the group is simplified because of miniaturization, and unified, as a result of necessary ad- aptations to the life in freshwater habitats (osmoregulation, internal fertilization and eggs rich in yolk and within the capsules). The ad- aptations arose parallel, thus represent homoplasies. All the above facts make it necessary to use molecular markers in species dis- crimination, although this should be done carefully, considering ge- netic distances calibrated at low taxonomic level. There is common Figure 1: Shells of some of the European representatives of Truncatelloidea: A believe in crucial place of isolation as a factor shaping speciation in - Ecrobia, B - Pyrgula, C-D - Dianella, E - Adrioinsulana, F - Pseudamnicola, G long-lasting completely isolated habitats. -
Spatiotemporal Variability in the Eelgrass Zostera Marina L. in the North-Eastern Baltic Sea: Canopy Structure and Associated Macrophyte and Invertebrate Communities
Estonian Journal of Ecology, 2014, 63, 2, 90–108 doi: 10.3176/eco.2014.2.03 Spatiotemporal variability in the eelgrass Zostera marina L. in the north-eastern Baltic Sea: canopy structure and associated macrophyte and invertebrate communities Tiia Möller!, Jonne Kotta, and Georg Martin Estonian Marine Institute, University of Tartu, Mäealuse 14, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia ! Corresponding author, [email protected] Received 3 April 2014, revised 9 May 2014, accepted 15 May 2014 Abstract. Seagrasses are marine angiosperms fulfilling important ecological functions in coastal ecosystems worldwide. Out of the 66 known seagrass species only two inhabit the Baltic Sea and only one, Zostera marina L., is found in its NE part. In the coastal waters of Estonia, where eelgrass grows at its salinity tolerance limit, only scarce information exists on the Z. marina community and there are no data on eelgrass growth. In the current study the community characteristics and growth of eelgrass were studied at four sites: Ahelaid, Saarnaki, and Sõru in the West-Estonian Archipelago Sea and Prangli in the Gulf of Finland. Fieldwork was carried out from May to September in 2005. The results showed that eelgrass grew between 1.8 and 6 m with main distribution at 2–4 m. The eelgrass bed had a considerably higher content of sediment organic matter compared to the adjacent unvegetated areas, but this difference was statistically significant only in areas where the movement of soft sediments is higher. The results also showed that altogether 19 macrophytobenthic and 23 invertebrate taxa inhabited the eelgrass stand. The prevailing vascular plants were Stuckenia pectinata and Potamogeton perfoliatus. -
Lutetiella, a New Genus of Hydrobioids from the Middle Eocene (Lutetian) of the Upper Rhine Graben and Paris Basin (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rissooidea S
ZOBODAT - www.zobodat.at Zoologisch-Botanische Datenbank/Zoological-Botanical Database Digitale Literatur/Digital Literature Zeitschrift/Journal: Geologica Saxonica - Journal of Central European Geology Jahr/Year: 2015 Band/Volume: 61 Autor(en)/Author(s): Kadolsky Dietrich Artikel/Article: Lutetiella, ein neues Genus von Hydrobioiden aus dem Mitteleozän (Lutetium) des Oberrheingrabens und Pariser Beckens (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rissooidea s. lat.) 35-51 61 (1): 35 – 51 2 Jan 2015 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2015. Lutetiella, a new genus of hydrobioids from the Middle Eocene (Lutetian) of the Upper Rhine Graben and Paris Basin (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rissooidea s. lat.) Lutetiella, ein neues Genus von Hydrobioiden aus dem Mitteleozän (Lutetium) des Oberrheingrabens und Pariser Beckens (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Rissooidea s. lat.) Dietrich Kadolsky 66 Heathhurst Road, Sanderstead, Surrey CR2 0BA, United Kingdom; [email protected] Revision accepted 17 November 2014. Published online at www.senckenberg.de/geologica-saxonica on 1 December 2014. Abstract Lutetiella n.gen. is proposed for Lutetiella hartkopfi n. sp. (type species) and L. conica (Prévost 1821) from the Middle Eocene (Lutetian) of the Upper Rhine Graben and Paris Basin, respectively. The protoconch microsculpture of L. hartkopfi n. sp. was occasionally preserved and proved to be a variant of the plesiomorphic hydrobioid pattern. The new genus is tentatively placed in Hydrobiidae. Problems in the classi- fication of hydrobioid fossils are discussed, arising from the dearth of distinguishing shell characters. Previous attributions of L. conica to Assiminea or Peringia are shown to be incorrect. The name Paludina conica Férussac 1814, a senior primary homonym of Paludina conica Prévost 1821, and denoting an unidentifiable hydrobioid, threatens the validity of the nameLutetiella conica (Prévost 1821) and should be suppressed. -
2016 North Sea Expedition: PRELIMINARY REPORT
2016 North Sea Expedition: PRELIMINARY REPORT February, 2017 All photos contained in this report are © OCEANA/Juan Cuetos OCEANA ‐ 2016 North Sea Expedition Preliminary Report INDEX 1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Objective ............................................................................................................................. 3 2. METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................... 4 3. RESULTS ................................................................................................................................. 6 a. Area 1: Transboundary Area ............................................................................................. 7 b. Area 2: Norwegian trench ............................................................................................... 10 4. ANNEX – PHOTOS ................................................................................................................ 31 1 OCEANA ‐ 2016 North Sea Expedition Preliminary Report 1. INTRODUCTION The North Sea is one of the most productive seas in the world, with a wide range of plankton, fish, seabirds, and organisms that live on the seafloor. It harbours valuable marine ecosystems like cold water reefs and seagrass meadows, and rich marine biodiversity including whales, dolphins, sharks and a wealth of commercial fish species. It is also of high socio‐ -
Polychaeta Lana Crumrine
Polychaeta Lana Crumrine Well over 200 species of the class Polychaeta are found in waters off the shores of the Pacific Northwest. Larval descriptions are not available for the majority of these species, though descriptions are available of the larvae for at least some species from most families. This chapter provides a dichotomous key to the polychaete larvae to the family level for those families with known or suspected pelagic larva. Descriptions have be $in gleaned from the literature from sites worldwide, and the keys are based on the assumption that developmental patterns are similar in different geographical locations. This is a large assumption; there are cases in which development varies with geography (e.g., Levin, 1984). Identifying polychaetes at the trochophore stage can be difficult, and culturing larvae to advanced stages is advised by several experts in the field (Bhaud and Cazaux, 1987; Plate and Husemann, 1994). Reproduction, Development, and Morphology Within the polychaetes, the patterns of reproduction and larval development are quite variable. Sexes are separate in most species, though hermaphroditism is not uncommon. Some groups undergo a process called epitoky at sexual maturation; benthic adults develop swimming structures, internal organs degenerate, and mating occurs between adults swimming in the water column. Descriptions of reproductive pattern, gamete formation, and spawning can be found in Strathmann (1987). Larval polychaetes generally develop through three stages: the trochophore, metatrochophore, and nectochaete stages. Trochophores are ciliated larvae (see Fig. 1).A band of cilia, the prototroch, is used for locomotion and sometimes feeding. Trochophore larvae are generally broad anteriorly and taper posteriorly. -
Intertidal Invertebrate Harvesting: a Meta-Analysis of Impacts and Recovery in an Important Waterbird Prey Resource
Vol. 584: 229–244, 2017 MARINE ECOLOGY PROGRESS SERIES Published December 7 https://doi.org/10.3354/meps12349 Mar Ecol Prog Ser OPEN ACCESS Intertidal invertebrate harvesting: a meta-analysis of impacts and recovery in an important waterbird prey resource Leo. J. Clarke1,*, Kathryn M. Hughes2, Luciana S. Esteves1, Roger. J. H. Herbert1, Richard A. Stillman1 1Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Bournemouth University, Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, UK 2Natural Resources Wales, Maes y Ffynnon, Penrhosgarnedd, Bangor, Wales, UK, LL57 2DW ABSTRACT: Harvesting of marine invertebrates in intertidal areas often comes into conflict with conservation objectives for waterbird populations of the orders Anseriformes and Charadri- iformes. We present a meta-analysis of the relationships between benthic invertebrate communi- ties and various sources of intertidal harvesting disturbance to investigate impacts and recovery in bird prey resources. The effect size (Hedges’ d) of harvesting on benthic species abundance, diversity and biomass was calculated for 38 studies in various locations globally, derived from 16 publications captured through a systematic review process that met the meta-analysis inclusion criteria. A negative response to harvesting disturbance was found for all taxa, including both tar- get and non-target species, that represent important types of waterbird prey. Impacts appear most severe from hand-gathering, which significantly reduces the abundance of target polychaete species, a key prey group for many bird species. Across all gear types, non-target species demon- strate a larger reduction in abundance compared to target species. Recovery trends vary, with differences observed between taxonomic groups and gear/habitat combinations. -
The Influence of Ocean Warming on the Provision of Biogenic Habitat by Kelp Species
University of Southampton Faculty of Natural and Environmental Sciences School of Ocean and Earth Sciences The influence of ocean warming on the provision of biogenic habitat by kelp species by Harry Andrew Teagle (BSc Hons, MRes) A thesis submitted in accordance with the requirements of the University of Southampton for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy April 2018 Primary Supervisor: Dr Dan A. Smale (Marine Biological Association of the UK) Secondary Supervisors: Professor Stephen J. Hawkins (Marine Biological Association of the UK, University of Southampton), Dr Pippa Moore (Aberystwyth University) i UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHAMPTON ABSTRACT FACULTY OF NATURAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES Ocean and Earth Sciences Doctor of Philosophy THE INFLUENCE OF OCEAN WARMING ON THE PROVISION OF BIOGENIC HABITAT BY KELP SPECIES by Harry Andrew Teagle Kelp forests represent some of the most productive and diverse habitats on Earth, and play a critical role in structuring nearshore temperate and subpolar environments. They have an important role in nutrient cycling, energy capture and transfer, and offer biogenic coastal defence. Kelps also provide extensive substrata for colonising organisms, ameliorate conditions for understorey assemblages, and generate three-dimensional habitat structure for a vast array of marine plants and animals, including a number of ecologically and commercially important species. This thesis aimed to describe the role of temperature on the functioning of kelp forests as biogenic habitat formers, predominantly via the substitution of cold water kelp species by warm water kelp species, or through the reduction in density of dominant habitat forming kelp due to predicted increases in seawater temperature. The work comprised three main components; (1) a broad scale study into the environmental drivers (including sea water temperature) of variability in holdfast assemblages of the dominant habitat forming kelp in the UK, Laminaria hyperborea, (2) a comparison of the warm water kelp Laminaria ochroleuca and the cold water kelp L. -
Polychaeta) from the North Sea
- 46 - NOTES ON SOME PROBLEMS IN THE DETERMINATION OF PHYLLODOCIDAE (POLYCHAETA) FROM THE NORTH SEA Danny Eibye-Jacobsen Zoological Museum, Copenhagen, Denmark During the course of the workshop held by the Benthos Ecology Working Group of ICES on Helgoland 8-12 February I9 8 8, several problems in the determination of the phyllodocids have become apparent. Given the present status of the literature, several of these could be anticipated, while others were somewhat unexpected. Here, an attempt will be made to give some simple guidelines on what, in my opinion, are the solutions to these problems. Eteone : In most of the relevant literature, the species E. lactea and E. spetsbergensis are reported from North Sea waters, E. lactea seems to be a Mediterranean species that does not occur at our latitudes. Likewise, E. spetsbergensis is an Arctic species, that also does not appear to be present in the North Sea area. What we in fact have is, in my opinion, following the suggestion made by Eliason (1962), E. foliosa, originally described from the Atlantic coast of France. This conclusion is based primarly on details of the proboscis. E. foliosa differs from all other species of Eteone present in the North Sea in the relative length of the tentacular cirri (ventral cirri clearly longest) and in the usual absence of setae on segment 2 (one or two setae may be present on small animals, while other species of Eteone from this area have at least four per parapodium on this segment). Eteone flava and E. longa are easily confused, as current keys primarily use the relative length of the dorsal cirri and of the prostomium for distinction.