Butterfly Identification: Families and Resources Differences Between Butterflies and Moths
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Egg-Mimics of Streptanthus (Cruciferae) Deter Oviposition by Pieris Sisymbrii (Lepidoptera: Pieridae)
Oecologia (Berl) (1981) 48:142-143 Oecologia Springer-Verlag 198l Short Communication Egg-Mimics of Streptanthus (Cruciferae) Deter Oviposition by Pieris sisymbrii (Lepidoptera: Pieridae) Arthur M. Shapiro Department of Zoology, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA Summary. Streptanthus breweri, a serpentine-soil annual mus- appear to decrease the attractiveness of mature S. glandulosus tard, produces pigmented callosities on its upper leaves which to ovipositing females (Shapiro, in press). are thought to mimic the eggs of the Pierid butterfly Pieris The efficacy of the suspected egg-mimics of S. breweri was sisymbrii. P. sisymbrii is one of several inflorescence - infructes- tested afield at Turtle Rock, Napa County, California (North cence-feeding Pierids which assess egg load visually on individual Coast Ranges). The site is an almost unvegetated, steep serpen- host plants prior to ovipositing. Removal of the "egg-mimics" tine talus slope with a S to SW exposure. S. breweri is the domi- from S. breweri plants in situ significantly increases the probabili- nant Crucifer (S. glandulosus also occurs) and P. sisymbrii the ty of an oviposition relative to similar, intact plants. dominant Pierid (Anthocharis sara Lucas and Euchloe hyantis Edw., both Euchloines, are present). On 10 April 1980 I prepared two lists of 50 numbers from a random numbers table. On 11 April, 100 plants of S. breweri "Egg-load assessment" occurs when a female insect's choice in the appropriate phenophase (elongating/budding, bearing egg- to oviposit or not on a given substrate is influenced by whether mimics) were numbered and tagged. Each was measured, its or not eggs (con or heterospecific) are present. -
Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) Q ⇑ Marianne Espeland A,B, , Jason P.W
Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 93 (2015) 296–306 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ympev Ancient Neotropical origin and recent recolonisation: Phylogeny, biogeography and diversification of the Riodinidae (Lepidoptera: Papilionoidea) q ⇑ Marianne Espeland a,b, , Jason P.W. Hall c, Philip J. DeVries d, David C. Lees e, Mark Cornwall a, Yu-Feng Hsu f, Li-Wei Wu g, Dana L. Campbell a,h, Gerard Talavera a,i,j, Roger Vila i, Shayla Salzman a, Sophie Ruehr k, David J. Lohman l, Naomi E. Pierce a a Museum of Comparative Zoology and Department of Organismic and Evolutionary Biology, Harvard University, 26 Oxford Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA b McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity, Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Powell Hall, 2315 Hull Road, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA c Department of Systematic Biology-Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC 20560-127, USA d Department of Biological Sciences, University of New Orleans, 2000 Lake Shore Drive, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA e Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK f Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan g The Experimental Forest, College of Bio-Resources and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Nantou, Taiwan h Division of Biological Sciences, School of Science, Technology, Engineering & Mathematics, University of Washington Bothell, Box 358500, 18115 Campus Way NE, Bothell, WA 98011-8246, USA i Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC-UPF), Pg. Marítim de la Barceloneta 37, 08003 Barcelona, Spain j Faculty of Biology & Soil Science, St. -
Taxonomic Overview of the Greater Fritillary Genus Speyeria Scudder
INSECTA MUNDI A Journal of World Insect Systematics 0090 Taxonomic overview of the greater fritillary genus Speyeria Scudder and the atlantis hesperis species complexes, with species accounts, type images, and relevant literature (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) James C. Dunford McGuire Center for Lepidoptera and Biodiversity Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida PO Box 112710, Gainesville, FL 326112710, USA Date of Issue: September 26, 2009 CENTER FOR SYSTEMATIC ENTOMOLOGY, INC., Gainesville, FL James C. Dunford Taxonomic overview of the greater fritillary genus Speyeria Scudder and the atlantis hesperis species complexes, with species accounts, type images, and relevant literature (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) Insecta Mundi 0090: 174 Published in 2009 by Center for Systematic Entomology, Inc. P. O. Box 141874 Gainesville, FL 326141874 U. S. A. http://www.centerforsystematicentomology.org/ Insecta Mundi is a journal primarily devoted to insect systematics, but articles can be published on any nonmarine arthropod taxon. Manuscripts considered for publication include, but are not limited to, systematic or taxonomic studies, revisions, nomenclatural changes, faunal studies, book reviews, phylo genetic analyses, biological or behavioral studies, etc. Insecta Mundi is widely distributed, and refer- enced or abstracted by several sources including the Zoological Record, CAB Abstracts, etc. As of 2007, Insecta Mundi is published irregularly throughout the year, not as quarterly issues. As manuscripts are completed they are published and given an individual number. Manuscripts must be peer reviewed prior to submission, after which they are again reviewed by the editorial board to insure quality. One author of each submitted manuscript must be a current member of the Center for System- atic Entomology. -
Révision Taxinomique Et Nomenclaturale Des Rhopalocera Et Des Zygaenidae De France Métropolitaine
Direction de la Recherche, de l’Expertise et de la Valorisation Direction Déléguée au Développement Durable, à la Conservation de la Nature et à l’Expertise Service du Patrimoine Naturel Dupont P, Luquet G. Chr., Demerges D., Drouet E. Révision taxinomique et nomenclaturale des Rhopalocera et des Zygaenidae de France métropolitaine. Conséquences sur l’acquisition et la gestion des données d’inventaire. Rapport SPN 2013 - 19 (Septembre 2013) Dupont (Pascal), Demerges (David), Drouet (Eric) et Luquet (Gérard Chr.). 2013. Révision systématique, taxinomique et nomenclaturale des Rhopalocera et des Zygaenidae de France métropolitaine. Conséquences sur l’acquisition et la gestion des données d’inventaire. Rapport MMNHN-SPN 2013 - 19, 201 p. Résumé : Les études de phylogénie moléculaire sur les Lépidoptères Rhopalocères et Zygènes sont de plus en plus nombreuses ces dernières années modifiant la systématique et la taxinomie de ces deux groupes. Une mise à jour complète est réalisée dans ce travail. Un cadre décisionnel a été élaboré pour les niveaux spécifiques et infra-spécifique avec une approche intégrative de la taxinomie. Ce cadre intégre notamment un aspect biogéographique en tenant compte des zones-refuges potentielles pour les espèces au cours du dernier maximum glaciaire. Cette démarche permet d’avoir une approche homogène pour le classement des taxa aux niveaux spécifiques et infra-spécifiques. Les conséquences pour l’acquisition des données dans le cadre d’un inventaire national sont développées. Summary : Studies on molecular phylogenies of Butterflies and Burnets have been increasingly frequent in the recent years, changing the systematics and taxonomy of these two groups. A full update has been performed in this work. -
Linear and Non-Linear Effects of Goldenrod Invasions on Native Pollinator and Plant Populations
Biol Invasions (2019) 21:947–960 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10530-018-1874-1 (0123456789().,-volV)(0123456789().,-volV) ORIGINAL PAPER Linear and non-linear effects of goldenrod invasions on native pollinator and plant populations Dawid Moron´ . Piotr Sko´rka . Magdalena Lenda . Joanna Kajzer-Bonk . Łukasz Mielczarek . Elzbieta_ Rozej-Pabijan_ . Marta Wantuch Received: 28 August 2017 / Accepted: 7 November 2018 / Published online: 19 November 2018 Ó The Author(s) 2018 Abstract The increased introduction of non-native and native plants. The species richness of native plants species to habitats is a characteristic of globalisation. decreased linearly with goldenrod cover, whereas the The impact of invading species on communities may abundance and species richness of bees and butterflies be either linearly or non-linearly related to the decreased non-linearly with increasing goldenrod invaders’ abundance in a habitat. However, non-linear cover. However, no statistically significant changes relationships with a threshold point at which the across goldenrod cover were noted for the abundance community can no longer tolerate the invasive species and species richness of hover flies. Because of the non- without loss of ecosystem functions remains poorly linear response, goldenrod had no visible impact on studied. We selected 31 wet meadow sites that bees and butterflies until it reached cover in a habitat encompassed the entire coverage spectrum of invasive of about 50% and 30–40%, respectively. Moreover, goldenrods, and surveyed the abundance and diversity changes driven by goldenrod in the plant and of pollinating insects (bees, butterflies and hover flies) D. Moron´ (&) Ł. Mielczarek Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Department of Forests and Nature, Krako´w Municipal Academy of Sciences, Sławkowska 17, 31-016 Krako´w, Greenspace Authority, Reymonta 20, 30-059 Krako´w, Poland Poland e-mail: [email protected] e-mail: [email protected] P. -
Washington Butterfly Association Common Butterflies of the Puget Sound Region and Their Food Plants
Washington Butterfly Association [email protected] Pine White ( Neophasia menapia ) w ww.naba.org/chapters/nabaws / Identification : White with black forewing patch, black veins below. Flight Period : late June – early October, peak in August. Common Butterflies of the Puget Sound Region Favorite Nectar Plants : Goldenrod, and Their Food Plants - By David Droppers Pearly Everlasting, Asters, Thistles. Larval Host Plants : Ponderosa Pine, Western Tiger Swallowtail ( Papilio Lodgepole Pine, Douglas-Fir, among other conifers. rutulus ). Identification : Large. Yellow with black tiger stripes. Cabbage White ( Pieris rapae) Underside with some blue. Flight Identification : White, black wing tips and Period : mid April – late September, spots. Males have one spot, females two peak in June. Favorite Nectar Plants : spots. Flight Period : early March – early Mock Orange, Milkweeds, Thistles, November, peaks in May, July and large showy flowers. Larval Host September. Favorite Nectar Plants: Plants : Native Willows, Quaking Many, especially garden flowers, such as Oregano and Lavender. Aspen and other poplars, Red Alder Larval Host Plants : Garden Brassicae, especially broccoli and cabbage. Anise Swallowtail ( Papilio zelicaon) Identification : Large. Mostly black, Cedar Hairstreak ( Mitoura grynea ) centrally yellow, with row of blue dots Identification : Small. Varying brown above, below buff brown on hindwing. Flight Period : late with violet tint, variable white postmedian line, small tails on March – late September, peaks in May, hindwings. Flight Period : late March – early August, peaks in July-August. Favorite Nectar Plants : May-June. Favorite Nectar Plants : Goldenrods, Yarrow, Many flowers, mostly large and showy. Dandelion, Clovers, Red Flowering Currant. Larval Host Plants : Garden Parsley Larval Host Plants : Western Red Cedar, Incense Cedar and Dill, Angelica, Cow Parsnip, many others. -
Campbell Et Al. 2020 Peerj.Pdf
A novel curation system to facilitate data integration across regional citizen science survey programs Dana L. Campbell1, Anne E. Thessen2,3 and Leslie Ries4 1 Division of Biological Sciences, School of STEM, University of Washington, Bothell, WA, USA 2 The Ronin Institute for Independent Scholarship, Montclair, NJ, USA 3 Center for Genome Research and Biocomputing, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA 4 Department of Biology, Georgetown University, Washington, DC, USA ABSTRACT Integrative modeling methods can now enable macrosystem-level understandings of biodiversity patterns, such as range changes resulting from shifts in climate or land use, by aggregating species-level data across multiple monitoring sources. This requires ensuring that taxon interpretations match up across different sources. While encouraging checklist standardization is certainly an option, coercing programs to change species lists they have used consistently for decades is rarely successful. Here we demonstrate a novel approach for tracking equivalent names and concepts, applied to a network of 10 regional programs that use the same protocols (so-called “Pollard walks”) to monitor butterflies across America north of Mexico. Our system involves, for each monitoring program, associating the taxonomic authority (in this case one of three North American butterfly fauna treatments: Pelham, 2014; North American Butterfly Association, Inc., 2016; Opler & Warren, 2003) that shares the most similar overall taxonomic interpretation to the program’s working species list. This allows us to define each term on each program’s list in the context of the appropriate authority’s species concept and curate the term alongside its authoritative concept. We then aligned the names representing equivalent taxonomic Submitted 30 July 2019 concepts among the three authorities. -
Some Butterfly Observations in the Karaganda Oblast of Kazakstan (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) by Bent Kjeldgaard Larsen Received 3.111.2003
©Ges. zur Förderung d. Erforschung von Insektenwanderungen e.V. München, download unter www.zobodat.at Atalanta (August 2003) 34(1/2): 153-165, colour plates Xl-XIVa, Wurzburg, ISSN 0171-0079 Some butterfly observations in the Karaganda Oblast of Kazakstan (Lepidoptera, Rhopalocera) by Bent Kjeldgaard Larsen received 3.111.2003 Abstract: Unlike the Ural Mountains, the Altai, and the Tien Shan, the steppe region of Cen tral Asia has been poorly investigated with respect to butterflies - distribution maps of the re gion's species (1994) show only a handful occurring within a 300 km radius of Karaganda in Central Kazakstan. It is therefore not surprising that approaching 100 additional species were discovered in the Karaganda Oblast during collecting in 1997, 2001 and 2002. During two days of collecting west of the Balkash Lake in May 1997, nine species were identified. On the steppes in the Kazakh Highland, 30 to 130 km south of Karaganda, about 50 butterflies were identified in 2001 and 2002, while in the Karkaralinsk forest, 200 km east of Karaganda, about 70 were encountered. Many of these insects are also to be found in western Europe and almost all of those noted at Karkaralinsk and on the steppes occur in South-Western Siberia. Observations revealed Zegris eupheme to be penetrating the area from the west and Chazara heydenreichi from the south. However, on the western side of Balkash Lake the picture ap peared to change. Many of the butterflies found here in 1997 - Parnassius apollonius, Zegris pyrothoe, Polyommatus miris, Plebeius christophi and Lyela myops - mainly came from the south, these belonging to the semi-desert and steppe fauna of Southern Kazakstan. -
Habitat Use and Population Structure of Protected Butterflies
DE TTK 1949 HABITAT USE AND POPULATION STRUCTURE OF PROTECTED BUTTERFLIES VÉDETT NAPPALI LEPKÉK ÉLŐHELYHASZNÁLATA ÉS POPULÁCIÓSZERKEZETE Egyetemi doktori (PhD) értekezés ÖRVÖSSY NOÉMI témavezető DR. VARGA ZOLTÁN DEBRECENI EGYETEM Természettudományi Doktori Tanács Juhász-Nagy Pál Doktori Iskola Debrecen, 2014. Ezen értekezést a Debreceni Egyetem Természettudományi Doktori Tanács Juhász-Nagy Pál Doktori Iskola Biodiverzitás programja keretében készítettem a Debreceni Egyetem természettudományi doktori (PhD) fokozatának elnyerése céljából. Debrecen, 2014. december 10. Örvössy Noémi Tanúsítom, hogy Örvössy Noémi doktorjelölt 2004- 2014 között a fent megnevezett Doktori Iskola Biodiverzitás programjának keretében irányításommal végezte munkáját. Az értekezésben foglalt eredményekhez a jelölt önálló alkotó tevékenységével meghatározóan hozzájárult. Az értekezés elfogadását javasolom. Debrecen, 2014. december 10. Prof. Dr. Varga Zoltán HABITAT USE AND POPULATION STRUCTURE OF PROTECTED BUTTERFLIES Értekezés a doktori (Ph.D.) fokozat megszerzése érdekében a biológia. tudományágban Írta: Örvössy Noémi okleveles biológus Készült a Debreceni Egyetem Juhász-Nagy Pál doktori iskolája (Biodiverzitás programja) keretében Témavezető: Dr. Varga Zoltán A doktori szigorlati bizottság: elnök: Dr. Pócsi István ....................................................... tagok: Dr. Rózsa Lajos ....................................................... Dr. Földvári Mihály ....................................................... A doktori szigorlat időpontja: 2013. február -
The Life History and Ecology of Hesperia Nabokovi in the Dominican Republic (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae)
Vol. 1 No. 2 1990 Hesperia nabokovi: EMMEL and EMMEL 77 TROPICAL LEPIDOPTERA, 1(2): 77-82 THE LIFE HISTORY AND ECOLOGY OF HESPERIA NABOKOVI IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC (LEPIDOPTERA: HESPERIIDAE) THOMAS C. EMMEL and JOHN F. EMMEL Department of Zoology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, and 720 East Latham Avenue, Hemet, CA 92343, USA ABSTRACT.— The life history and ecology of Hesperia nabokovi (Bell & Comstock), the only species of this genus outside the Holarctic Region, is described; egg, larval and pupal characters confirm its generic assignment. The complete life cycle takes 94 days. KEY WORDS: Atalopedes, Calisto, Haiti, Gramineae, Hesperia comma, Hispaniola, immature stages, Nymphalidae, Oarisma stillmani, Satyrinae. to collect living females in the Dominican Republic, confine one of these and obtain an egg which was reared through by the second co-author (JFE) in California on a substitute grass foodplant. The purpose of this paper is to describe the elements of the life history and present some ecological notes on the biology of this fascinating Caribbean member of the genus Hesperia. DISTRIBUTION AND HABITAT The known distribution of Hesperia nabokovi is restricted to three general regions on the island of Hispaniola (Schwartz, 1989). The three areas are widely separated geographically and arc divided topographically from each other by high mountain ridges. These regions are; 1) the Cul de Sac-Valle de Neiba plain and the extreme western edge of the Llanos de Azua, from Fig. 1. Habitat for Hesperia nabokovi adults, 1km SE Monte Cristi (50ft elev.), Thomazeau and Fon Parisien in Haiti in the west to Canoa in the near the northern Dominican Republic coast, (photo by T. -
Effect of Different Mowing Regimes on Butterflies and Diurnal Moths on Road Verges A
Animal Biodiversity and Conservation 29.2 (2006) 133 Effect of different mowing regimes on butterflies and diurnal moths on road verges A. Valtonen, K. Saarinen & J. Jantunen Valtonen, A., Saarinen, K. & Jantunen, J., 2006. Effect of different mowing regimes on butterflies and diurnal moths on road verges. Animal Biodiversity and Conservation, 29.2: 133–148. Abstract Effect of different mowing regimes on butterflies and diurnal moths on road verges.— In northern and central Europe road verges offer alternative habitats for declining plant and invertebrate species of semi– natural grasslands. The quality of road verges as habitats depends on several factors, of which the mowing regime is one of the easiest to modify. In this study we compared the Lepidoptera communities on road verges that underwent three different mowing regimes regarding the timing and intensity of mowing; mowing in mid–summer, mowing in late summer, and partial mowing (a narrow strip next to the road). A total of 12,174 individuals and 107 species of Lepidoptera were recorded. The mid–summer mown verges had lower species richness and abundance of butterflies and lower species richness and diversity of diurnal moths compared to the late summer and partially mown verges. By delaying the annual mowing until late summer or promoting mosaic–like mowing regimes, such as partial mowing, the quality of road verges as habitats for butterflies and diurnal moths can be improved. Key words: Mowing management, Road verge, Butterfly, Diurnal moth, Alternative habitat, Mowing intensity. Resumen Efecto de los distintos regímenes de siega de los márgenes de las carreteras sobre las polillas diurnas y las mariposas.— En Europa central y septentrional los márgenes de las carreteras constituyen hábitats alternativos para especies de invertebrados y plantas de los prados semi–naturales cuyas poblaciones se están reduciendo. -
Evidence from European Butterfly Sister Species
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.04.282962; this version posted November 3, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license. 1 The Pleistocene species pump past its prime: 2 evidence from European butterfly sister species 1 1 2 3 Sam Ebdon* , Dominik R. Laetsch , Leonardo Dapporto , 3 4 5 4 Alexander Hayward , Michael G. Ritchie , Vlad Dinc˘a , Roger 6 1 5 Vila , and Konrad Lohse 1 6 Institute of Evolutionary Biology, University of Edinburgh, 7 Edinburgh, EH9 3FL, UK 2 8 ZEN lab, Dipartimento di Biologia dell'Universit`adi Firenze, 9 Firenze, Italy 3 10 Centre for Ecology and Conservation, University of Exeter, 11 Penryn Campus, Cornwall, TR10 9FE, UK 4 12 Centre for Biological Diversity, School of Biology, University of St 13 Andrews, Fife KY16 9TH, UK 5 14 Ecology and Genetics Research Unit, University of Oulu, Oulu, 15 Finland 6 16 Institut de Biologia Evolutiva (CSIC - Universitat Pompeu 17 Fabra), Passeig Mar´ıtimde la Barceloneta 37, ESP-08003 18 Barcelona, Spain 1 bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.09.04.282962; this version posted November 3, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 International license.