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A New Holcocera Clemens from Guatemala and Redescription of H. Iceryaeella

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A New Holcocera Clemens from Guatemala and Redescription of H. Iceryaeella University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory Entomology Collections, Miscellaneous 2009 A New Holcocera Clemens from Guatemala and Redescription of H. Iceryaeella (Riley) from the United States (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae: Blastobasinae: Holcocerini): Two Congeners with Incidental Preference for Avocado David Adamski Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, P.O. Box 37012, MRC 168, Washington, D.C., 20013- 7012, U.S.A., [email protected] Mark Hoddle Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/systentomologyusda Part of the Entomology Commons Adamski, David and Hoddle, Mark, "A New Holcocera Clemens from Guatemala and Redescription of H. Iceryaeella (Riley) from the United States (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae: Blastobasinae: Holcocerini): Two Congeners with Incidental Preference for Avocado" (2009). USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory. 50. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/systentomologyusda/50 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Entomology Collections, Miscellaneous at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. PROC. ENTOMOL. SOC. WASH. 111(1), 2009, pp. 254–262 A NEW HOLCOCERA CLEMENS FROM GUATEMALA AND REDESCRIPTION OF H. ICERYAEELLA (RILEY) FROM THE UNITED STATES (LEPIDOPTERA: COLEOPHORIDAE: BLASTOBASINAE: HOLCOCERINI): TWO CONGENERS WITH INCIDENTAL PREFERENCE FOR AVOCADO DAVID ADAMSKI AND MARK HODDLE (DA) Department of Entomology, National Museum of Natural History, P.O. Box 37012, NHB - E523, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, USA (e-mail: [email protected]); (MH) Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA (e-mail: [email protected]) Abstract.—Two species of Holcocera Clemens (Lepidoptera: Coleophoridae: Blastobasinae: Holcocerini) are known to feed on Persea americana Mill. (Lauraceae), but their frequency of infestation appears low. One species, Holcocera plagatola,n.sp., from Guatemala, is described herein. Holcocera iceryaeella (Riley) is known only from California and has been recorded on many different host plants; it is also known to be a predator of immature Hemiptera and scale insects. Photographs of the imagos of both Holcocera species are included, in addition to illustrations of the male and female genitalia. We comment on host preferences for both species. Key Words: avocado, fruit, Histura, horticulture, Neotropics, opportunist, Persea, predator, Stenoma catenifer, taxonomy Holcocera is represented by about 70 Several host relationships are known species worldwide (Adamski 1996; for the genus. For example, larvae of Adamski 2002a, b); its center of diversity Holcocera gigantella Chambers and H. is in the New World tropics. The genus is paradoxa Powell feed on seeds and pods characterized by having the ventrolateral of Yucca spp. (Liliaceae) (Chambers margins of the gnathos fused with the 1876, Powell and Mackie 1966, Powell tegumen, having an aedeagus with a 1976); H. chalcofrontella Clemens feed multisetose anellus, and having the apex on the seeds of Rhus sp. (Anacardiaceae) of the proximal flange of the valva (Dietz 1910); H. panurgella Heinrich feed rounded or pointed. Although many on the seeds of pine (Pinaceae) (Heinrich undescribed Holcocera are represented 1920); H. immaculella (McDunnough) on in major institutional and private collec- seeds of spruce (Pinaceae) (Prentice 1965, tions, many additional species undoubt- Kinzer 1976); and several undescribed edly will be available for study through species (Adamski and Brown 1989) are future efforts of collectors, especially in associated with plants within the Faga- tropical regions worldwide. ceae, Rosaceae, Solanaceae, Salicaceae, and Polyporaceae (a fungus). In addi- tion, several species of Holcocera are * Accepted by David R. Smith opportunists and/or predators, feeding VOLUME 111, NUMBER 1 255 on scales and aphids, while some species sected as described by Clarke (1941), are either gall inducers or secondarily except mercurochrome and chlorazol associated with galls (Powell 1976, 1980; black were used as stains. The Methuen Powell et al. 1999). Handbook of Colour (Kornerup and During this study on pests of Hass Wanscher 1978) was used as a color avocado, Persea americana Miller (Laur- standard for the description of the adult aceae), in Guatemala, several species of color pattern. Type specimens from this Lepidoptera were collected from fruits. study are deposited in The National Among these was a new Holcocera Museum of Natural History, Smithso- (Coleophoridae: Blastobasinae: Holco- nian Institution, Washington, D.C. cerini) whose larvae were observed feed- (USNM), and The Entomological Re- ing within the pulp of fruits picked from search Museum, University of California a commercial orchard that was treated at Riverside (UCR). Authorship of the monthly with one of two broad-spectrum new species is attributed to Adamski. insecticides, malathion or endosulfan. Another species of Holcocera from Cal- RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ifornia, H. iceryaeella (Riley), also is Holcocera plagatola Adamski, known to feed on avocado as well as on new species several other phytophagous hosts, in- (Figs. 1, 7–8, 11) cluding immature Homoptera and scale insects. The purpose of this study is: 1) to Diagnosis.—Holcocera plagatola is make known to science a new species of similar to two congeners from Costa Holcocera from Guatemala, 2) document Rica, H. aclydis Adamski and H. bucinae that an allied species of Holcocera is Adamski, by sharing a forewing pattern known also to feed on avocado, and 3) that includes surface of veins demarcated characterize the feeding preferences for with dark-brown scales forming longitu- both species from known hosts. dinal streaks, and a basal area distally demarcated by 3–4 rows of arched scales, MATERIALS AND METHODS forming a narrowly convex band. These Moths were reared from Hass avoca- three species can be distinguished only by dos picked from commercial trees in dissection and examination of the geni- Guatemala, i.e., these fruits were not talia. The male genitalia of Holcocera from the ground. Fruit came from trees plagatola differ from those of H. aclydis that showed visual signs of feeding by having a rounded median lobe of the damage characterized by the presence proximal flange and a less abruptly of frass at entrances of larval tunnels on curved sclerite of the aedeagus. The male the surface of the fruit. We examined genitalia of Holcocera plagatola differ 6,740 avocados from two of 22 collecting from those of H. bucinae by having the sites for Lepidoptera and reared only median lobe of the gnathos at least twice two specimens of Holcocera. Host data as wide and more deeply notched. The for Holcocera iceryaeella are from spec- female genitalia of Holcocera plagatola imens reared by Jerry Powell (rearing #’s differ from those of H. aclydis by having within brackets) and/or reliable literature a more widely notched anterior margin references (within parentheses). of the eighth sternum and a more Gross morphological observations of broadly rounded posterior margin of the adult specimens and measurements the seventh sternum. The female of of the wings were made using a dissecting Holcocera bucinae is unknown. microscope (reflected light) with a cali- Description.—Head: Vertex and fron- brated micrometer. Genitalia were dis- toclypeus grayish brown; scape and 256 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Figs. 1–6. Adults of Holcocera spp. 1, H. plagatola, paratype. 2–6, H. iceryaeella. VOLUME 111, NUMBER 1 257 Figs. 7–10. Male genitalia of Holcocera spp. 7–8, H. plagatola. 7, Genital capsule. 8, Aedeagus–anellus complex. 9–10, H. iceryaeella. 9, Genital capsule. 10, Aedeagus–anellus complex. flagellum of antenna grayish brown, with basal 1/4 brown, distal 3/4 grayish pecten brown; first flagellomere in male brown. Legs brownish gray. Forewing widened laterally, at least twice the width (Fig. 1) length 9.5–9.7 mm (n 5 2), of second flagellomere, forming a notch- grayish brown intermixed with few like space; inner surface of first flagello- dark-brown scales; surface of veins mere with piliform sex scales; first demarcated with dark-brown scales, flagellomere unmodified in female; outer forming longitudinal streaks; basal area and inner surfaces of labial palpus with pale brown with a straight and narrow segment-1 and distal 3/4 of segment-2 crossband of shiny, arched, dark-brown brown; distal 1/4 of segment-2 and scales. Undersurface brown. Hindwing segment-3 grayish brown; proboscis translucent brown basally, gradually brown. Thorax: Tegula and mesonotum darkening to apex. Abdomen: Terga 2–7 258 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON with apical 1/3 produced into a broadly curved spinelike process; inner surface of ventral margin curled inwardly, partially overlying ventral portion of proximal flange; proximal flange with a large, setose median lobe, confluent with a broadly curved dorsal arm, extending dorsoposteriorly to point of articulation between tegumen and vinculum; juxta subrectangular, distally fused with a conical and setose anellus (5 distal support of aedeagus); aedeagus abruptly curved basally; sclerite
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