DOCSLIB.ORG

Sediment Geochemistry –

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Sediment Geochemistry – SEDIMENT GEOCHEMISTRY – A CASE STUDY APPROACH Ralf Hübner August 2009 A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of Bournemouth University for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Bournemouth University, School of Conservation Sciences Talbot Campus, Fern Barrow, Poole, Dorset, BH12 5BB, United Kingdom Ralf Hübner This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with its author and due acknowledgement must always be made of the use of any material contained in, or derived from, this thesis. - 2 - Ralf Hübner, 2009: Sediment Geochemistry – A Case Study Approach Abstract Abstract The geochemistry of sediments is a very wide field and several important aspects must be taken into account, including, but not limited to, various methodological questions, the analysis of distribution patterns, determination of origins and the assessment of risks. Therefore, this research project adapted a case study approach and analysed several important aspects of contamination in sediments at a time. In case study 1, the distribution of metals in the sediments was analysed in Bigge and Olpe, two small and fast running watercourses in Germany. The metal/ metalloid concentrations showed very different distribution patterns. Mobile elements like zinc showed a very homogenous and predictable pattern, while elements with low mobility stick to the sediment and do not migrate much, leading to areas with different concentrations. In addition, it was found that the local monitoring tools in force, which are largely based on analyses of the water, are not sufficient for a reliable assessment of the environmental quality. Case study 2 aimed both to investigate the contamination profile caused by a closed landfill within the Christchurch Harbour nature reserve and the strengths/ weaknesses of a partial extraction scheme based on the industrial standardised process DIN 19730. It was found that this procedure can predict the actual migration in the homogenous marshland structure rather well. In the vicinity of a linear channel, however, no correlation between the mobility and dispersion could be detected; the channel acts as an effective drainage system for both the landfill itself and the intertidal marshland in its sphere of influence. Partial extractions are limited in their ability to predict the migration of contaminants in the ground directly affected by the channel. The main objective of case study 3 was the determination of metal distribution within the Poole Harbour estuary, both in regard to total and mobile metal concentrations. In addition, it was tested if the chosen methodology is an efficient protocol (fast, yet scientifically defendable) for the assessment of the environmental quality of an area of that size. The concentrations and mobilities of all analysed contaminants in Poole Harbour were greatest in the - 3 - Ralf Hübner, 2009: Sediment Geochemistry – A Case Study Approach Abstract heavily industrialised secondary embayment Holes Bay. Although Wareham Channel typically showed higher concentrations in the total content analyses compared to Southern Bights, the potential risk associated with metals, calculated based on both total concentrations and mobile fractions, was comparable in both areas. In case study 4 a simplified grain-size based normalisation scheme was tested. The efficiency of this approach, together with several other normalisation schemes was evaluated in Wareham Channel, located in the west of Poole Harbour. In such fine-grained environments, neither geochemical analyses based on aluminium, nor granulometric normalisation schemes yielded a substantial improvement. Normalisations based on the much simpler iron- ratio reduced the variance considerably. This approach was then applied to the sediments close to a former weapons facility. Case study 5 investigated the interactions between the die-back of the cord grass Spartina anglica in Poole Harbour and the metal contamination in the sediments. Despite having several evolutionary advantages over other plants in this environment, S. anglica is dying back in the estuary since 1925 and the reasons for this process are insufficiently understood. No obvious impact of the metal contamination on S. anglica growth/ die-back could be detected, although the die-back has influenced, in turn, the metal concentrations in the estuary. The overall cadmium concentrations and potential risk of adverse effects have risen since 1925, but in the zones affected by die-back, cadmium stored in the sediment by S. anglica appears to have been washed out rapidly. Existing patches still retain elevated concentrations and are potentially at risk of further cadmium release, especially if sea level rise, caused by climate change, would accelerate the die-back. - 4 - Ralf Hübner Contents Table of contents Abstract............................................................................................................ 3 List of figures.................................................................................................... 9 List of tables................................................................................................... 15 List of abbreviations ....................................................................................... 18 Acknowledgements........................................................................................ 24 1 Introduction ............................................................................................ 25 1.1 Environment...................................................................................... 26 1.1.1 Effects of anthropogenic activities on sediments ............................ 27 1.1.2 Use of sediments for environmental impact studies........................ 28 1.2 Contamination................................................................................... 28 1.2.1 Contaminants targeted.................................................................... 29 1.2.2 Persistency of metals...................................................................... 30 1.2.3 Distribution and toxicity of metals.................................................... 31 1.2.4 The term “heavy metals” ................................................................. 33 1.3 Geoaccumulation and remobilisation................................................ 34 1.3.1 Geoaccumulation ............................................................................ 34 1.3.2 Local causes for the redistribution of contaminants ........................ 35 1.3.3 Climate change and sea-level rise .................................................. 37 1.4 Aims and objectives.......................................................................... 39 1.4.1 List of objectives ............................................................................. 39 1.4.2 Explanations of the core objectives:................................................ 41 2 Methodology .......................................................................................... 43 2.1 Collection and pre-processing .......................................................... 44 2.1.1 Site selection................................................................................... 44 2.1.2 Fieldwork......................................................................................... 46 2.1.3 Preparation of the samples ............................................................. 47 2.2 Chemical analyses............................................................................ 50 2.2.1 Material ........................................................................................... 51 - 5 - Ralf Hübner Contents 2.2.2 Total content analysis (TCA)........................................................... 51 2.2.3 Sequential extraction schemes (SES)............................................. 54 2.2.4 Partial extraction schemes (PES) ................................................... 55 2.2.5 Quality control ................................................................................. 57 2.2.6 Interpretation................................................................................... 59 3 Case study 1: Distribution patterns in small rivers – Bigge (Germany) .. 67 3.1 Introduction ....................................................................................... 67 3.1.1 Area description .............................................................................. 68 3.1.2 Environmental monitoring in this region .......................................... 70 3.2 Material and methods ....................................................................... 71 3.3 Results and discussion ..................................................................... 72 3.4 Conclusion ........................................................................................ 78 4 Case Study 2: Contamination caused by a landfill in Christchurch Harbour (UK).......................................................................................... 80 4.1 Introduction ....................................................................................... 80 4.1.1 Landfills........................................................................................... 80 4.1.2 Area description .............................................................................. 81 4.2 Material and methods ....................................................................... 84 4.2.1 Fieldwork........................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Weymouth Harbour
    Weymouth Harbour Guide2020 Welcome 4 3 Navigation, Berthing & Facilities 5 Harbour Team 5 Welcome / Willkommen / Welkom / Bienvenue Welkom / Willkommen / Welcome Annual Berthing 6 Contentso aid navigation of this guide, please refer to the Visitor Berths 7 colour-coded bars to the right of each page and Town Centre Location Town Map 8 match with the coloured sections shown to the right. T Harbour Facilities 9 Price List 10 Annual Offers & Incentives 11 Berthing Entering & Leaving the Harbour 12 Harbour Outer Harbour Berthing Chart 13 Master’s Offi ce Weymouth Watersports Access Zones 14 Safety 16 RNLI 16 Lulworth Ranges 17 Visitor Weymouth 18 Moorings Blue Flag Beach Things to See & Do 18 Local Festivals and Events 2020 20 Published for and on behalf of Dorset Council by: Dorset Seafood Festival 21 Resort Marketing Ltd Time to Shop 22 St Nicholas House, 3 St Nicholas Street, Time to Eat 22 Weymouth, Dorset DT4 8AD Weymouth on the Water 24 Weymouth’s Town Bridge 26 Tel: 01305 770111 | Fax: 01305 770444 | www.resortuk.com Explore Dorset 28 Tidal stream data and tide tables on pages 35-45 reproduced by permission of the Controller of Her Majesty’s Stationery Offi ce and the UK Hydrographic Offi ce Portland Bill & Portland Races 28 (www.ukho.gov.uk). © Crown Copyright. The Jurassic Coast 30 No liability can be accepted by Dorset Council or the publisher for the consequences of any Heading West 32 inaccuracies. The master of any vessel is solely responsible for its safe navigation. All artwork and editorial is copyright and may not be reproduced without prior permission.
    [Show full text]
  • Phase 1 Report, July 1999 Monitoring Heathland Fires in Dorset
    MONITORING HEATHLAND FIRES IN DORSET: PHASE 1 Report to: Department of the Environment Transport and the Regions: Wildlife and Countryside Directorate July 1999 Dr. J.S. Kirby1 & D.A.S Tantram2 1Just Ecology 2Terra Anvil Cottage, School Lane, Scaldwell, Northampton. NN6 9LD email: [email protected] web: http://www.terra.dial.pipex.com Tel/Fax: +44 (0) 1604 882 673 Monitoring Heathland Fires in Dorset Metadata tag Data source title Monitoring Heathland Fires in Dorset: Phase 1 Description Research Project report Author(s) Kirby, J.S & Tantram, D.A.S Date of publication July 1999 Commissioning organisation Department of the Environment Transport and the Regions WACD Name Richard Chapman Address Room 9/22, Tollgate House, Houlton Street, Bristol, BS2 9DJ Phone 0117 987 8570 Fax 0117 987 8119 Email [email protected] URL http://www.detr.gov.uk Implementing organisation Terra Environmental Consultancy Contact Dominic Tantram Address Anvil Cottage, School Lane, Scaldwell, Northampton, NN6 9LD Phone 01604 882 673 Fax 01604 882 673 Email [email protected] URL http://www.terra.dial.pipex.com Purpose/objectives To establish a baseline data set and to analyse these data to help target future actions Status Final report Copyright No Yes Terra standard contract conditions/DETR Research Contract conditions. Some heathland GIS data joint DETR/ITE copyright. Some maps based on Ordnance Survey Meridian digital data. With the sanction of the controller of HM Stationery Office 1999. OS Licence No. GD 272671. Crown Copyright. Constraints on use Refer to commissioning agent Data format Report Are data available digitally: No Yes Platform on which held PC Digital file formats available Report in Adobe Acrobat PDF, Project GIS in MapInfo Professional 5.5 Indicative file size 2.3 MB Supply media 3.5" Disk CD ROM DETR WACD - 2 - Phase 1 report, July 1999 Monitoring Heathland Fires in Dorset EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Lowland heathland is a rare and threatened habitat and one for which we have international responsibility.
    [Show full text]
  • Bournemouth, Christchurch & Poole Group and Coach Guide
    Bournemouth Christchurch & Poole GROUP. COACH. TRAVEL coastwiththemost.com WELCOME TO Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole the Coast with the Most! Three towns have come together as a world class seafront destination! Explore and experience adventures on the South Coast! Bournemouth, Christchurch and Poole offer year-round city-style, countryside and coastal experiences like no other. A gateway to the World Heritage Jurassic Coast and the majestic New Forest, visit a world-class resort by the sea with award winning beaches, coastal nature reserves, vibrant towns, inspiring festivals and quaysides packed with history Bournemouth and culture. Miles of picture-perfect beaches, vast stunning natural harbours and acres of internationally protected heathland and open spaces offer a fabulous backdrop for groups to explore on land and sea. With its shimmering bays, this unique part of the UK’s coastline is packed with more water sports than any other UK resort. This guide contains a selection of group friendly accommodation (see pg18-20), places to visit and things to do (see pg22-25), plus itinerary ideas and coach driver information for the resort. Group & Coach Travel Trade Department BCP Tourism can support you with further itinerary and tour ideas as well as images and copy for your brochures and websites and subscription to our trade newsletters. 01202 451741 [email protected] Christchurch coastwiththemost.com Follow us: @bournemouthofficial @lovepooleuk @LoveXchurch @bmouthofficial @lovepooleuk @LoveXchurch @bournemouth_official @lovepooleuk @LoveXchurch Disclaimer. Details correct at time of print. Please note details are subject to change and we advise you to check all details when finalising any arrangements. BCP Tourism cannot accept responsibility for any errors, omissions or changes.
    [Show full text]
  • Draft Christchurch and Waterw
    1 Contents Page Acronyms 4 Foreword 5 Executive Summary 6 Structure of the Document 6 Section 1 Chapter 1 – The Plan 7 1.1 Introduction 7 1.2 Background to the Management Plan 7 Chapter 2 -The Plan’s Aims and Objectives 9 2.1 Strategic Aims 9 2.2 Management Plan Objectives 9 Chapter 3 - Management Area and Statutory Framework 10 3.1 Geographical Area 10 3.2 Ownership and Management Planning 12 3.3 Statutory Context 15 3.4 Planning and Development Control 16 3.5 Public Safety and Enforcement 17 3.6 Emergency Planning 17 Chapter 4 – Ecology and Archaeology 19 4.1 Introduction 19 4.2 Ecological Features 19 4.3 Physical Features 23 4.4 Archaeology 24 Chapter 5 - Recreation and Tourism 26 5.1 Introduction 26 5.2 Economic Value 26 5.3 Events 27 5.4 Access 27 5.5 Boating 27 5.6 Dredging 30 5.7 Signage, Lighting and Interpretation 31 Chapter 6 – Fisheries 32 6.1 Angling 32 6.2 Commercial Fishing 32 Chapter 7 - Education and Training 36 7.1 Introduction 36 7.2 Current use 37 Chapter 8 - Water Quality and Pollution 37 8.1 Introduction 37 8.2 Eutrophication and Pollution 37 8.3 Bathing Water Quality 37 Chapter 9 - Managing the Shoreline 39 9.1 Introduction 39 9.2 Climate Change and Sea Level Rise 40 9.3 Flood and Coastal Erosion Risk Management 40 9.4 Shoreline Management Plans (SMPs) 41 2 Chapter 10 – Governance of the Management Plan 43 10.1 Introduction 43 10.2 Future Governance Structure and Framework - Proposals 43 10.3 Public Consultation 43 10.4 Funding 43 10.5 Health and Safety 44 10.6 Review of the Christchurch Harbour and Waterways Plan
    [Show full text]
  • Invest in Dorset's Marine Sector
    Invest in Dorset’s Marine Sector LOCATION 2 hrs 45 mins DORSET Dorset is centrally located in the South 2 hrs Coast of England, within 2 hours of London by road hr 15 mins 1 London or rail and has excellent Bristol connections to the 0 - 40 mi 3 ns Midlands and the North Southampton DORSET is home to Exeter DORSET Portsmouth Calais Bournemouth Airport Plymouth and both Exeter and Southampton Airports are accessible within an hour. Bristol, London Heathrow and Gatwick Airports are within 2 hours Cherbourg Le Havre DORSET has 2 Ports & 3 Harbours providing strong links to mainland Europe. Channel Islands and Sandtander. The Port of Southampton Container Terminal is within 1 hour DORSET is home to Bournemouth University, Arts University Bournemouth, Bournemouth & Poole College, Kingston Maurward College and Weymouth College together Blandford Forum with 11 nearby universities including Southampton, Dorchester Bournemouth Bristol and Exeter. Poole Port of Poole Businesses based on the Weymouth South Coast benefit from having access to a wealth of first-class transport links. Portland Port The region is within easy reach of London’s airports with connections to all International Terminals at Heathrow and Gatwick less than an hour away. There are four international airports within one hour’s travel of the region. Why the UK? • Marine represents £17bn GVA rising to £25bn by 2020 • Easy access to the $17trillion EU market • UK exports to non EU countries growing by 14% • 8th easiest nation to do business globally • Nationally more than 5,000 companies
    [Show full text]
  • Estuary Assessment
    Appendix I Estuary Assessment Poole and Christchurch Bays SMP2 9T2052/R1301164/Exet Report V3 2010 Haskoning UK Ltd on behalf of Bournemouth Borough Council Poole & Christchurch Bays SMP2 Sub-Cell 5f: Estuary Processes Assessment Date: March 2009 Project Ref: R/3819/01 Report No: R.1502 Poole & Christchurch Bays SMP2 Sub-Cell 5f: Estuary Processes Assessment Poole & Christchurch Bays SMP2 Sub-Cell 5f: Estuary Processes Assessment Contents Page 1. Introduction....................................................................................................................1 1.1 Report Structure...........................................................................................................1 1.2 Literature Sources........................................................................................................1 1.3 Extent and Scope.........................................................................................................2 2. Christchurch Harbour ....................................................................................................2 2.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................2 2.2 Geology........................................................................................................................4 2.3 Holocene to Recent Evolution......................................................................................4 2.4 Present Geomorphology ..............................................................................................5
    [Show full text]
  • Dehs Journal Transmission Lines Index - 1995-2020
    DEHS JOURNAL TRANSMISSION LINES INDEX - 1995-2020 This document comprises the index for Transmission Lines Volumes 1 to 25 (1995 - 2020), sorted by article title (Pages 2 to 19) and author (Pages 20 to 37). The next Index will be published in Jan/Feb 2022. We would welcome any comments, or notifications of errors, by email to [email protected] . Dick Green 5 March 2021 Changes incorporated in this version: Version Amendment Vol Month/Yr Page Jan 2021 - Added feature articles in 2020 editions - Minor changes to 2 author details to improve article sorting - Minor corrections Mar 2021 - Extra intentionally blank pages added, for future expansion Notes: 1. Index entries for “Letters to the Editor” are sorted by subject matter and are indicated by “[LtE]”. 2. Index entries for “Requests for information” are sorted by subject matter and are indicated by “[RfI]”. Page 1 of 40 TL_Index_1995-2020_5Mar2021 FEATURE ARTICLES - LISTED BY TITLE LIST BY TITLE TITLE AUTHOR VOL M/Y PAGE 2nd Tactical Air Force Benson, Ken 12/1 Mar/07 3 A L Samuel & First American Multi Cavity Magnetron (1934) [LtE] Waddell, Dr Peter 13/1 Mar/08 15 A L Samuel (First MCM inventor, Bell Labs) and the Tizard Mission Waddell, Dr Peter and 15/4 Dec/10 15 [LtE] Brown, Dr Douglas A la recherché du Temps Perdu Hanbury Brown, Prof R 01/4 Aug/96 1 Access to our electronics heritage Dean, Sqn Ldr Mike 01/2 Feb/96 8 Accurate Radar Memories [LtE] Waddell, Dr Peter 10/1 Mar/05 11 Accurate Radar Memories [LtE] Latham, Colin 10/2 Jun/05 12 Accurate Radar Memories [LtE] Brown, Dr Douglas
    [Show full text]
  • Christchurch Coastal Area Plan 2016
    Dorset Coastal Community Team Connective Economic Plan: Christchurch Coastal Area Plan 2016 The Christchurch Coastal Area plan is a daughter document of the Dorset Coastal Community Team Connective Economic Plan and covers the coastal area of Christchurch. This plan has been written by the Dorset Coastal Community Team with input from Dorset Coast Forum members. Dorset Coastal Community Team Connective Economic Plan Christchurch Coastal Area Plan Key Information This document is linked to the Connecting Dorset Coastal Community Team Economic Plan and (Sections 1-4 can be found in this) 5. Local Area (Provide brief geographical description) Christchurch is the most easterly coastal town of Dorset. It boarders Bournemouth to the west and the New Forest, Hampshire to the east. Christchurch Harbour is the town’s natural harbour with two Rivers the Avon and the Stour flowing into it at its northwest corner. Stanpit Marsh lies at the northern edge of the harbour and is a 65,000 Hectare local nature reserve. To the west side of the harbour is the prominent natural coastal headland, Hengistbury Head which protects the harbour. The harbour contains large areas of saltmarsh and is protected by Mudeford spit (a sandbar) which has fine sandy beach on both sides of a walkway lined with beach huts. Christchurch is a gateway town to the Jurassic coast, home to the nearby Highcliffe Castle and the cliff line of the Highcliffe to Barton Geological SSSI. The coastal area has a rich and diverse blend of historic, geological and environmental features and is a thriving community hub. It is an important place for coastal recreation and tourism activity, steeped in social history.
    [Show full text]
  • 135. Dorset Heaths Area Profile: Supporting Documents
    National Character 135. Dorset Heaths Area profile: Supporting documents www.naturalengland.org.uk 1 National Character 135. Dorset Heaths Area profile: Supporting documents Introduction National Character Areas map As part of Natural England’s responsibilities as set out in the Natural Environment White Paper,1 Biodiversity 20202 and the European Landscape Convention,3 we are revising profiles for England’s 159 National Character Areas North (NCAs). These are areas that share similar landscape characteristics, and which East follow natural lines in the landscape rather than administrative boundaries, making them a good decision-making framework for the natural environment. Yorkshire & The North Humber NCA profiles are guidance documents which can help communities to inform West their decision-making about the places that they live in and care for. The information they contain will support the planning of conservation initiatives at a East landscape scale, inform the delivery of Nature Improvement Areas and encourage Midlands broader partnership working through Local Nature Partnerships. The profiles will West also help to inform choices about how land is managed and can change. Midlands East of Each profile includes a description of the natural and cultural features England that shape our landscapes, how the landscape has changed over time, the current key drivers for ongoing change, and a broad analysis of each London area’s characteristics and ecosystem services. Statements of Environmental South East Opportunity (SEOs) are suggested, which draw on this integrated information. South West The SEOs offer guidance on the critical issues, which could help to achieve sustainable growth and a more secure environmental future.
    [Show full text]
  • Supporting Evidence Net Fishing Management for Estuaries, Harbours and Piers in Dorset, Hampshire and the Isle of Wight
    Supporting Evidence Net Fishing Management for Estuaries, Harbours and Piers in Dorset, Hampshire and the Isle of Wight Annex I: Table of Proposed Net Management Areas Annex II: Existing Measures Annex III: Net Management Area Selection Evidence Annex IV: Temporal Salmonid Migration Annex I – Table of Proposed Net Management Areas 21 No. Area Map Management proposal Timing 1. Chichester Harbour 1 No additional net use closure - 2. Langstone Harbour: Bridge 1 Closure to all net use, except ring nets All year Lake and associated rivers 3. Langstone Harbour: all areas 1 No additional net use closure - excluding Bridge Lake 4. Portsmouth Harbour: Fareham 1 Closure to all net use, except ring nets All year Creek and River Wallington 5. Portsmouth Harbour: all areas 1 No additional net use closure - excluding Fareham Creek 6. Southsea Pier 1 Closure to all net use within 100 All year metres of pier structure 7. River Meon 2 Closure to all net use, except ring nets All year 8. Rivers Test, Itchen and 2 Closure to all net use, except ring nets All year Hamble 9. Southampton Water – Dock 2 Closure to all net use within 3 metres All year Head to Calshot of the surface, except ring nets 10. Lymington River 4 Closure to all net use, except ring nets All year 11. Keyhaven 4 Closure to all net use, except ring nets All year 12. Sandown Pier 3 Closure to all net use within 100 All year metres of pier structure 13. Bembridge Harbour and River 3 Closure to all net use, except ring nets All year Yar (eastern) 14.
    [Show full text]
  • Develop Draft Research Framework
    Wessex Archaeology Historic Environment of the Dorset Coast Rapid Coastal Zone Assessment Survey Phase I Dorset Coast Historic Environment Research Framework DRAFT Ref: 51958.06 June 2004 DORSET COAST HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH FRAMEWORK DRAFT June 04 Ref: 51958.06 Dorset County Council Dorset Coast Forum Wessex Archaeology ©The Trust for Wessex Archaeology Limited 2004 The Trust for Wessex Archaeology Limited is a Registered Charity No.287786 DORSET COAST HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH FRAMEWORK DRAFT Report Ref: 51958.06 Contents 1. INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.1. BACKGROUND .............................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2. RESEARCH FRAMEWORKS ............................................................................................................................ 1 2. RESOURCE ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................................................... 3 2.1. INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................................... 3 3. RESEARCH AGENDA .................................................................................................................................. 4 3.1. INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Brief Installations and Usaaf Combat Units In
    HISTORICAL BRIEF INSTALLATIONS AND USAAF COMBAT UNITS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM 1942 - 1945 REVISED AND EXPANDED EDITION OFFICE OF HISTORY HEADQUARTERS THIRD AIR FORCE UNITED STATES AIR FORCES IN EUROPE OCTOBER 1980 REPRINTED: FEBRUARY 1985 FORE~ORD to the 1967 Edition Between June 1942 ~nd Oecemhcr 1945, 165 installations in the United Kingdom were used by combat units of the United States Army Air I"orce~. ;\ tota) of three numbered .,lr forl'es, ninc comllklnds, frJur ;jfr divi'iions, )} w1.l\~H, Illi j(r,IUpl', <lnd 449 squadron!'! were at onE' time or another stationed in ',r'!;rt r.rftaIn. Mnny of tlal~ airrll'lds hnvc been returned to fann land, others havl' houses st.lnding wh~rr:: t'lying Fortr~ss~s and 1.lbcratorR nllce were prepared for their mis.'ilons over the Continent, Only;l few rcm:l.1n ;IS <Jpcr.Jt 11)11., 1 ;'\frfll'ldH. This study has been initl;ltcd by the Third Air Force Historical Division to meet a continuin~ need for accurate information on the location of these bases and the units which they served. During the pas t several years, requests for such information from authors, news media (press and TV), and private individuals has increased. A second study coverin~ t~e bases and units in the United Kingdom from 1948 to the present is programmed. Sources for this compilation included the records on file in the Third Air Force historical archives: Maurer, Maurer, Combat Units of World War II, United States Government Printing Office, 1960 (which also has a brief history of each unit listed); and a British map, "Security Released Airfields 1n the United Kingdom, December 1944" showing the locations of Royal Air Force airfields as of December 1944.
    [Show full text]