Accumulation of 8-Hydroxydeoxyguanosine, L
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Altered Metabolome of Lipids and Amino Acids Species: a Source of Early Signature Biomarkers of T2DM
Journal of Clinical Medicine Review Altered Metabolome of Lipids and Amino Acids Species: A Source of Early Signature Biomarkers of T2DM Ahsan Hameed 1 , Patrycja Mojsak 1, Angelika Buczynska 2 , Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria 3 , Adam Kretowski 1,2 and Michal Ciborowski 1,* 1 Clinical Research Center, Medical University of Bialystok, Jana Kili´nskiegoStreet 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; [email protected] (A.H.); [email protected] (P.M.); [email protected] (A.K.) 2 Department of Endocrinology, Diabetology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland; [email protected] 3 School of Agriculture and Food System, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia; hafi[email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 27 June 2020; Accepted: 14 July 2020; Published: 16 July 2020 Abstract: Diabetes mellitus, a disease of modern civilization, is considered the major mainstay of mortalities around the globe. A great number of biochemical changes have been proposed to occur at metabolic levels between perturbed glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism to finally diagnoe diabetes mellitus. This window period, which varies from person to person, provides us with a unique opportunity for early detection, delaying, deferral and even prevention of diabetes. The early detection of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia is based upon the detection and identification of biomarkers originating from perturbed glucose, amino acid, and lipid metabolism. The emerging “OMICS” technologies, such as metabolomics coupled with statistical and bioinformatics tools, proved to be quite useful to study changes in physiological and biochemical processes at the metabolic level prior to an eventual diagnosis of DM. -
Analysis of the Effects of Three Commercially Available Supplements on Performance, Exercise Induced Changes and Bio-Markers in Recreationally Trained Young Males
Analysis of the effects of three commercially available supplements on performance, exercise induced changes and bio-markers in recreationally trained young males Robert Cooper A thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the University of Greenwich for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy This research programme was carried out in collaboration with GlaxoSmithKline Maxinutrition division December 2013 School of Science University of Greenwich, Medway Campus Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK i DECLARATION “I certify that this work has not been accepted in substance for any degree, and is not concurrently being submitted for any degree other than that of Doctor of Philosophy being studied at the University of Greenwich. I also declare that this work is the result of my own investigations except where otherwise identified by references and that I have not plagiarised the work of others”. Signed Date Mr Robert Cooper (Candidate) …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… PhD Supervisors Signed Date Dr Fernando Naclerio (1st supervisor) Signed Date Dr Mark Goss-Sampson (2nd supervisor) ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Thank you to my supervisory team, Dr Fernando Naclerio, Dr Mark Goss Sampson and Dr Judith Allgrove for their support and guidance throughout my PhD. Particular thanks to Dr Fernando Naclerio for his tireless efforts, guidance and support in developing the research and my own research and communication skills. Thank you to Dr Eneko Larumbe Zabala for the statistics support. I would like to take this opportunity to thank my wonderful mother and sister who continue to give me the support and drive to succeed. Also on a personal level thank you to my amazing fiancée, Jennie Swift. -
Open Full Page
[CANCER RESEARCH 46, 3768-3774, August 1986] 31PNuclear Magnetic Resonance Study of a Human Colon Adenocarcinoma Cultured Cell Line1 Franck Desmoulin, Jean-Philippe Galons, Paul Cantoni, Jacques Marvaldi, and Patrick J. Cozzone2 Laboratoire de Biologie Physicochimique, Institut de Chimie Biologique, Universitéd'Aix-Marseille, Place Victor Hugo 13003 Marseille (France) ABSTRACT Saccharomyces cerevisiae (14-16). Investigation of mammalian cell lines has received only scant appraisal because of several •"Pnuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy has been used to technical difficulties. Work has been limited to a few cell types, monitor the energy metabolism in a human colon adenocarcinoma cell essentially HeLa cells (17, 18), Ehrlich ascites tumor cells (19), line (HT 29). NMR spectra were recorded at 80.9 MHz on approximately 2.5 x 10" cells continuously perfused with culture medium within a 20- and normal and transformed fibroblasts (20, 21). In addition, a detailed analysis of the metabolite content of radiation-induced iiini NMR sample tube. Typical NMR spectra display a series of well-resolved resonances fibrosarcoma cells by using multinuclear NMR has been re assigned to nucleoside triphosphates (mainly adenosine S'-triphosphate), cently published (22). uridine diphosphohexose derivatives (uridine 5'-diphosphate-A/-acetyl- A major difficulty to overcome in the study of perfused cells glucosamine, uridine 5/-diphosphate-Ar-acetylgalactosamine, uridine 5'- is the preservation of physiological conditions in the NMR diphosphate-glucose), intra- and extracellular inorganic phosphate, and sample tube where the accumulation of metabolite by-products phosphomonoesters (mainly phosphorylcholine and glucose 6-phos- and the required bubbling of gas may affect the viability of the phate). -
Identification of the Specific Spoilage Organism in Farmed Sturgeon
foods Article Identification of the Specific Spoilage Organism in Farmed Sturgeon (Acipenser baerii) Fillets and Its Associated Quality and Flavour Change during Ice Storage Zhichao Zhang 1,2,†, Ruiyun Wu 1,† , Meng Gui 3, Zhijie Jiang 4 and Pinglan Li 1,* 1 Beijing Laboratory for Food Quality and Safety, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China; [email protected] (Z.Z.); [email protected] (R.W.) 2 Jiangxi Institute of Food Inspection and Testing, Nanchang 330001, China 3 Beijing Fisheries Research Institute, Beijing 100083, China; [email protected] 4 NMPA Key Laboratory for Research and Evaluation of Generic Drugs, Beijing Institute for Drug Control, Beijing 102206, China; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-10-6273-8678 † The authors contributed equally to this work. Abstract: Hybrid sturgeon, a popular commercial fish, plays important role in the aquaculture in China, while its spoilage during storage significantly limits the commercial value. In this study, the specific spoilage organisms (SSOs) from ice stored-sturgeon fillet were isolated and identified by analyzing their spoilage related on sensory change, microbial growth, and biochemical properties, including total volatile base nitrogen (TVBN), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), and proteolytic degradation. In addition, the effect of the SSOs on the change of volatile flavor compounds was evaluated by solid phase microextraction (SPME) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that the Pseudomonas fluorescens, Pseudomonas mandelii, Citation: Zhang, Z.; Wu, R.; Gui, M.; and Shewanella putrefaciens were the main SSOs in the ice stored-sturgeon fillet, and significantly affect Jiang, Z.; Li, P. -
The Effect of Short-Term Combination of Hmb (Beta
Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity ISSN: 1981-6324 [email protected] Universidade Iguaçu Brasil Faramarzi, Mohammad; Nuri, Reza; Banitalebi, Ebrahim THE EFFECT OF SHORT -TERM COMBINATION OF HMB (BETA-HYDROXY-BETA- METHYLBUTYRATE) AND CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON ANAEROBIC PERFORMANCE AND MUSCLE INJURY MARKERS IN SOCCER PLAYERS Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity, vol. 3, núm. 4, diciembre, 2009, pp. 366-375 Universidade Iguaçu Itaperuna, Brasil Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=93012717009 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Faramarzi et al.: Combination of HMB and Creatine supplementation www.brjb.com.br ORIGINAL PAPER THE EFFECT OF SHORT –TERM COMBINATION OF HMB (BETA- HYDROXY-BETA-METHYLBUTYRATE) AND CREATINE SUPPLEMENTATION ON ANAEROBIC PERFORMANCE AND MUSCLE INJURY MARKERS IN SOCCER PLAYERS Mohammad Faramarzi, Reza Nuri, and Ebrahim Banitalebi Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Shahrekord, Iran Corresponding author: Mohammad Faramarzi (PhD) Assistant Professor in Exercise Physiology Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Human Sciences, University of Shahrekord, Iran Phone: 0098- 381- 4424411 Cell: 0098- 9133040196 Fax: 0098- 381- 4424411 Email: [email protected] Submitted for publication: Nov 2009 Accepted for publication: Dec 2009 ABSTRACT FARAMARZI, M.; NURI, R.; BANITALEBI, E. The effect of short –term combination of HMB (beta-hydroxy- beta-methylbutyrate) and creatine supplementation on anaerobic performance and muscle injury markers in soccer players. Brazilian Journal of Biomotricity, v. -
Protective Effect of the Energy Precursor Creatine Against Toxicity of Glutamate and -Amyloid in Rat Hippocampal Neurons
Journal of Neurochemistry Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Inc., Philadelphia © 2000 International Society for Neurochemistry Protective Effect of the Energy Precursor Creatine Against Toxicity of Glutamate and -Amyloid in Rat Hippocampal Neurons Gregory J. Brewer and *Theo W. Wallimann Departments of Medical Microbiology/Immunology and Neurology, Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, Illinois, U.S.A.; and *Institute for Cell Biology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland Abstract: The loss of ATP, which is needed for ionic (Manos et al., 1991; Molloy et al., 1992) and in vivo homeostasis, is an early event in the neurotoxicity of (Hemmer et al., 1994; Kaldis et al., 1996), CK isozyme glutamate and -amyloid (A). We hypothesize that cells BB catalyzes the reversible conversion of PCr and ADP supplemented with the precursor creatine make more to ATP and Cr to manage different aspects of high- phosphocreatine (PCr) and create larger energy reserves energy demands in the brain (Hemmer and Wallimann, with consequent neuroprotection against stressors. In serum-free cultures, glutamate at 0.5–1 mM was toxic to 1993; Chen et al., 1995). On the other hand, mitochon- embryonic hippocampal neurons. Creatine at Ͼ0.1 mM drial CK catalyzes the reversible conversion of Cr and greatly reduced glutamate toxicity. Creatine (1 mM) could ATP to ADP and PCr to generate energy reserves in the be added as late as 2 h after glutamate to achieve pro- cytoplasm (Wyss et al., 1992). PCr reserves are depleted tection at 24 h. In association with neurotoxic protection even more rapidly than ATP during ischemia (Passon- by creatine during the first 4 h, PCr levels remained neau and Lowry, 1971) owing to their conversion to ATP constant, and PCr/ATP ratios increased. -
List of Supplementary Materials
List of Supplementary Materials: Supplemental Experimental Procedures Supplemental Figures Supplemental Table Supplemental Experimental Procedures Cell proliferation and death assays Cells were placed in 96-well plates at 2x103 cells/well in 100 l of growth medium and then incubated for 48 hours in each treatment condition. Cell proliferation was examined with Cell Count Reagent SF (Nacalai Tesque) according to the manufacturer’s instructions. The absorbance of the treated and untreated cells was measured with a microplate reader (Thermo Scientific) at 450 nm. Cell death was assessed by trypan blue exclusion (Nacalai Tesque). Western blotting Cultured cells or snap-frozen tissue samples were lysed and homogenized with a Lysis buffer AM1 and phosphatase inhibitor and protease inhibitor cocktail (Active Motif). Equal amounts of protein extracts were separated by electrophoresis on 4-12% NuPAGE Bis-Tris Mini Gels (Invitrogen) and then transferred to a nitrocellulose membrane (GE Healthcare) with the XCell II Blot Module (Invitrogen). The membrane was blocked for 1 hour in Tris- buffered saline containing 0.1% Tween20 and 5% nonfat milk and then probed with various primary antibodies, followed by secondary antibodies conjugated to horseradish peroxidase (HRP). The immunoreactivity was revealed with Super Signal West Pico Chemiluminescent Substrate or the West Femto Trial Kit (Thermo Scientific). TUNEL staining Cells were placed in 6-well chamber slides at 1x105 cells/well in 5 ml of growth medium and then incubated for 48 hours in each treatment condition. Apoptotic cells were evaluated with the In Situ Cell Death Detection Kit, Fluorescein and following the manufacturer’s protocol (Roche). Nuclei were stained blue by 4′, 6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (DAPI) (Invitrogen). -
Studies of TRIMETHYLGLYCINE OR BETAINE
Studies of TRIMETHYLGLYCINE OR BETAINE GENERAL DESCRIPTION Trimethylglycine or Betaine ( Betaine is also called Betaine but we do not use this name because we can confuse it with Betaine Chloride; this is a strong acidifier that is taken only at mealtimes, and may cause gastric irritation ), extracted from sugar beets, is obtained from pure molasses, and separated by chromatography; it is a powerful methylating agent and plays a particularly important role in the process of detoxification of homocysteine ( a powerful oxidant and free radical generator ), which, as known, is one of the major cause of heart and vascular diseases. Recent American studies have shown the value and effectiveness of T. as a dietary supplement that can give the following benefits: - Adjuvant in cardiovascular disease - Adjuvant in sporting competitions - Adjuvant in liver diseases - Adjuvant in baldness - Adjuvant in depression - Adjuvant in hepatitis - Adjuvant in alcohol-induced hepatitis fatty liver - Adjuvant in chronic general fatigue - Increasing S-adenosyl-methionine levels - Conflicting arteriosclerosis - Decreasing apopletic stroke risk - Decreasing fat tissue amount - Improving glucose metabolism - Improving dry mouth - Improving homocisteinuria which does not respond to pyridoxine improving use of oxygen - Improving oxygen utilization - Reducing triglycerides levels in liver - Reducing Cholesterol - Reducing liver lipidosis - Useful for immune deficiency deficit (immunomodulating) - Useful for hyperhomocysteinemia STRUCTURE AND PROPERTIES From a structural standpoint, T. differs from dimethylglycine in presence of a third methyl group (CH3). T. operates very successfully in methylation or trans-methylation process, which is the process by which methyl groups (CH3) are transferred from one molecule to another; it is a biochemical process essential to life, health and regeneration of body cells. -
Phenotype Microarrays™
Phenotype MicroArrays™ PM1 MicroPlate™ Carbon Sources A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 A10 A11 A12 Negative Control L-Arabinose N-Acetyl -D- D-Saccharic Acid Succinic Acid D-Galactose L-Aspartic Acid L-Proline D-Alanine D-Trehalose D-Mannose Dulcitol Glucosamine B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 B10 B11 B12 D-Serine D-Sorbitol Glycerol L-Fucose D-Glucuronic D-Gluconic Acid D,L -α-Glycerol- D-Xylose L-Lactic Acid Formic Acid D-Mannitol L-Glutamic Acid Acid Phosphate C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 D-Glucose-6- D-Galactonic D,L-Malic Acid D-Ribose Tween 20 L-Rhamnose D-Fructose Acetic Acid -D-Glucose Maltose D-Melibiose Thymidine α Phosphate Acid- -Lactone γ D-1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8 D9 D10 D11 D12 L-Asparagine D-Aspartic Acid D-Glucosaminic 1,2-Propanediol Tween 40 -Keto-Glutaric -Keto-Butyric -Methyl-D- -D-Lactose Lactulose Sucrose Uridine α α α α Acid Acid Acid Galactoside E1 E2 E3 E4 E5 E6 E7 E8 E9 E10 E11 E12 L-Glutamine m-Tartaric Acid D-Glucose-1- D-Fructose-6- Tween 80 -Hydroxy -Hydroxy -Methyl-D- Adonitol Maltotriose 2-Deoxy Adenosine α α ß Phosphate Phosphate Glutaric Acid- Butyric Acid Glucoside Adenosine γ- Lactone F1 F2 F3 F4 F5 F6 F7 F8 F9 F10 F11 F12 Glycyl -L-Aspartic Citric Acid myo-Inositol D-Threonine Fumaric Acid Bromo Succinic Propionic Acid Mucic Acid Glycolic Acid Glyoxylic Acid D-Cellobiose Inosine Acid Acid G1 G2 G3 G4 G5 G6 G7 G8 G9 G10 G11 G12 Glycyl-L- Tricarballylic L-Serine L-Threonine L-Alanine L-Alanyl-Glycine Acetoacetic Acid N-Acetyl- -D- Mono Methyl Methyl Pyruvate D-Malic Acid L-Malic Acid ß Glutamic Acid Acid -
Identification of Folate Binding Protein of Mitochondria As Dimethylglycine Dehydrogenase (Flavoprotein/Sarcosine Dehydrogenase/Tetrahydrofolate) ARTHUR J
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA Vol. 77, No. 8, pp. 4484-4488, August 1980 Biochemistry Identification of folate binding protein of mitochondria as dimethylglycine dehydrogenase (flavoprotein/sarcosine dehydrogenase/tetrahydrofolate) ARTHUR J. WITTWER* AND CONRAD WAGNERt Department of Biochemistry, Vanderbilt University and Veterans Administration Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee 37203 Communicated by Sidney P. Colowick, April 24,1980 ABSTRACT The folate-binding protein of rat liver mito- Preparation of Tetrahydro[3H]folic Acid (H4[3HJPteGIu). chondria [Zamierowski, M. & Wagner, C. (1977) J. BioL Chem. [3',5',7,9-3H]PteGlu, potassium salt (20 Ci/mmol; 1 Ci = 3.7 252,933-9381 has been purified to homogeneity by a combina- tion of gel filtration, DEAE-cellulose, and affinity chromatog- X 101' becquerels) was obtained from Amersham. Unlabeled raphy. This protein was assayed by its ability to bind tetrahv- PteGlu (Sigma) was added to adjust the specific activity to 20 dro[3H folic acid in vitro. The purified protein contains tightly ,uCi/Amol. H4[3',5',7,9-3H]PteGlu was synthesized by chemical bound flavin and has a molecular weight of about 90,000 as reduction with NaBH4 (2). To 0.70 ml of 0.066 M Tris-HCI at determined by sodium dodecyl sulfate electrophoresis. This pH 7.8 was added 0.30 ml of a solution containing 0.40 protein also displays dimethylglycine deh drogenase [NN- ,gmol dimethylglycine: (acceptor) oxidoreductase (deme ylating), EC (8 ,Ci) of [3H]PteGlu. This solution was stirred in the dark 1.5.99.21 activity which copurifies with the folatebinding ac- under nitrogen at room temperature, and 0.25 ml of NaBH4 tivity. -
Purification and Properties of Dimethylglycine Oxidase from Cylindrocarpon Didymum M-1
Agric. Biol. Chem., 44 (6), 1383•`1389, 1980 1383 Purification and Properties of Dimethylglycine Oxidase from Cylindrocarpon didymum M-1 Nobuhiro MORI,* Bunsei KAWAKAMI,Yoshiki TANI and Hideaki YAMADA Departmentof AgriculturalChemistry, Kyoto University,Kyoto 606, Japan ReceivedFebruary 5, 1980 Dimethylglycine oxidase was purified to homogeneity from the cell extract of Cylindro carpon didymum M-1, aerobically grown in medium containing betaine as the carbon source. The molecular weight of the enzyme was estimated to be 170,000 by the gel filtration method and 180,000 by the sedimentation velocity method. The enzyme exhibited an absorption spectrum characteristic of a flavoprotein with absorption maxima at 277, 345 and 450 run. The enzyme consisted of two identical subunits with a molecular weight of 82,000, and contained two mol of FAD per mol of enzyme. The flavin was shown to be covalently bound to the protein. The enzyme was inactivated by Ag+, Hg2+, Zn2+ and iodoacetate. The enzyme oxidized dimethylglycine but was inert toward choline, betaine, sarcosine and alkylamines. Km and Vmax values for dimethylglycine were 9.1mM and 1.22ƒÊmol/min/mg, respectively. The enzyme catalyzed the following reaction: Dimethylglycine+O2+H2O ?? sarcosine+form aldehyde+H2O2. It has been reported that dimethylglycine The present paper deals with the purifica and sarcosine were metabolized to sarcosine tion and some properties of dimethylglycine and glycine, respectively, by the oxidative oxidase from C. didymum M-1. demethylation reaction in liver mitochondria.1) Dimethylglycine dehydrogenase and sarco sine dehydrogenase have been partially purfied MATERIALS AND METHODS from liver mitochondria of rat2,3) and Rhesus Materials. -
United States Patent Office 3,506,642
United States Patent Office Patented Apr.3,506,642 14, 1970 2 3,506,642 inversely proportional to the cationic content of the salt. wv vs. However, the stability of these acid salts also decreases STABLE ORATE HEPARNOID with decreasing cationic content so that the formulation Teow Y. Koh and Kekhusroo R. Bharucha, Toronto, On- is necessarily a compromise between stability and tario, Canada, assignors to Canada Packers Limited, 5 heparinic activity. Toronto, Ontario, Canada No Drawing. Filed July 3, 1967, Ser. No. 650,621 SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Int. C. C08b. 19/03, 19/08 O We have now discovered that heparinic acid forms U.S. C. 260-209 19 Claims salts or complexes (hereinafter collectively designated as 10 heparinoid complexes) with a number of weakly basic or amphoteric organic compounds to provide products ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE which are not only quite stable but which when orally This invention relates to new stable, orally active administered result in systemic anticoagulant effect of heparinoid complexes, prepared by reacting heparinic high order. o acid or other acid heparinoids with non-toxic organic 15 The expression "oral administration,” as used herein, compounds having weakly basic or amphoteric properties means administration by mouth and includes introduc and characterized by a base strength pKb in the range tion of therapeutic compositions containing the new of from about 7.0 to 12.5 or by an isoelectric point pI heparinoid complexes into the sublingual or buccal below about 9.7, to methods for preparing and using regions for absorption therefrom as well as the ad these new heparinoid complexes, and to therapeutic com- 20 ministration in the form of enteric-coated compositions positions containing them.