Field Notes A newsletter of the Sociology and Anthropology Department Middlebury College June 2007 Number 3 Editor: Michael Sheridan

SOAN Department Senior Picnic, May 13, 2007

Back row: Doug Hale, Sara Granstrom, Charlene Barrett Second row: Liz Kofmann, Sienna Chambers, Claire Schultz, Elise Shanbacker, Aysegul Savas, Tina Coll, Chris Heinrich, Richie Meyers, Marc Garcelon, David Napier, James Fitzsimmons Third row: Sarah Norton, Adam Fazio, Tamara Vatnick, Christine Bachman, Talia Lincoln, Izzy Marshall, Caryn LoCastro, Peggy Nelson, Ted Sasson and Asher, Ari Sasson Front row: Kerri Ortega, Erin Oliver, Tatiana Virviescas, Mio Perez, Carol Wilson, Mateal Lovaas, Carolyn Barnwell, Kineret Sasson, Laurie Essig, Georgia Essig, Willa Essig Shadow: Mike Sheridan

Letter from the Chair • Hilda Llorens also left in Spring 2005 to do a master’s degree in community art in Los Hello everyone! We have been through some Angeles. changes since our last newsletter in 2002. We • Dwight Fee left the college in Spring 2005 have some new people around, including the and is teaching at various institutions in editor of this newsletter. Some of you may Boston. Last summer he and his girlfriend remember Michael Maritza tied the knot. Sheridan from when he • Erin Koch has accepted a tenure-track taught here in 2001-2003. position at the University of Kentucky. He returned in 2006 in a • Linda White has just wrapped up two years tenure-track position and is of teaching for SOAN. In Fall 2007 she will teaching our courses on begin teaching for International Studies and Africa, human ecology, the Japanese Department, including a new anthropological theory and course in contemporary Japan that will be sociolinguistics. We have also hired another new cross-listed with SOAN. tenure-track professor from UVM, Laurie Essig, • Richie Meyers, our dissertation fellow since who is teaching gender and Fall 2005, is applying for several different queer theory in a joint jobs in Native American programs. appointment with Women • Mark Southern of the German Department, and Gender Studies. Last who cross-listed his courses in linguistics week, at the conclusion of with SOAN, died suddenly at his house on Laurie¹s first year at South Street in March 2006. He is survived Middlebury College, she by his wife, two daughters, and the many won WAGS’ Feminist of students he inspired. the Year award. A third new tenure-track hire is • Jennifer Post of the Music Department, who James Fitzsimmons, cross-listed her courses in ethnomusicology SOAN’s first with SOAN, has taken a new job as a archaeologist in several librarian at Mansfield University in decades. James is a Pennsylvania. specialist in the Classic • Marc Garcelon will start a new job at Maya and is excavating Yeshiva University in the Bronx in Fall 2007. the city-state of Jaguar The Old Bones who are still with us include Hill in Petén, . Burke Rochford, who is rolling along better He will also teach the than ever on two new hips. Burke will chair the course on human origins (SOAN 159). A fourth department in 2007-08. Peggy Nelson and I are new tenure-track hire is Lynn getting by on the same hips as before, on which Owens, currently at Wesleyan we will both go on sabbatical in 2007-08. Peggy University in Connecticut, who is writing a book about how American parents will teach introductory sociology are using new electronic gadgetry to monitor and courses on tourism, social their children. As for myself, I will split my time movements, and globalization. between Guatemala and my family in Gorham What about bygone faculty whom we sorely miss? Lane. Ellen Oxfeld and her husband Frank • To be closer to his family in the Bay Area, Nicosia spent their 2006-07 sabbatical in Berlin David Eaton left the College in Spring 2005 and China and will be returning to Middlebury and now teaches anthropology at California for the coming academic year. David Napier State University-Chico. will also return full-time next year after several years at the University of London. Ted Sasson continues to split his year between Middlebury

2 and Brandeis University but will return full-time and attempting to not notice all the wrinkles on in 2008-09. my face- a fairly schizophrenic relationship with

my field, I suppose, but no different than any Last but not least, Charlene Barrett won the fieldworker thrown into a culture radically College’s Staff Recognition Award (established different than her own. by Rudolf K. Haerle, Professor Emeritus of Sociology) in Spring 2006. She has also James Fitzsimmons continued to win SOAN’s Most Valuable Player These days I am spending most of my time award, every year that this coveted award has writing. Having sent off the final version of my been offered. book manuscript, Death and the Classic Maya

Kings, to University of Texas Press for editing, I Please write and let us know how you’re doing. am now trying to finish off a number of projects David Stoll that have been on the back burner for some time. SOAN chair

Faculty and Staff Updates

Charlene Barrett I am enjoying the summer sunshine with my family as much as possible. I am also planning and preparing for another busy academic year. This fall, I will celebrate working in my office for 10 years. It is amazing how fast the years go by! This fall, three (out of four) of my kids will be in college (yikes!) They are attending Alfred University, University of Maine in Orono, and Vermont Technical College. So, the eastern part James in a tunnel made by looters at a Mayan site of the is THE place to be! At the moment, I am working on a chapter and Laurie Essig the introduction for an edited volume I am I have been busy immersing myself in the culture writing with Andean archaeologist Izumi of plastic surgery this year. Besides watching a Shimada for University of Arizona Press. The ridiculous amount of Nip/Tuck, I have been tentative title is Between the Living and the Dead, interviewing plastic surgeons and plastic surgery and it focuses on how peoples of Latin America patients from around the country. As a deal with relics and other heirlooms. In July and fieldworker, I know that there is always a danger August I will be finishing up an article on Jaguar of “going native,” of accepting local customs and Hill and writing grants for the 2008 season in mores as my own, and to some extent this has Guatemala. Lately, I’ve also been heavily begun to happen to me. Plastic surgery now involved in yard work and other home seems like an increasingly logical response to a improvements; my wife and I have been outside surface-obsessed culture, where both the job and almost every evening these last two weeks, the romance markets reward youth, thinness, and tinkering with the house. Unfortunately, our dogs certain sorts of noses and breasts. But before I just watch while my wife and I employ tools we pump my face up with Botox, I am also taking barely know how to use! The new chainsaw is fun, however. the time to examine the plastic surgery debt (in my estimate, in the billions of dollars annually) Peggy Nelson and the eugenicist impulse that leads us to I have been finishing up some writing on my last believe that physical traits reflect inner project on single mothers and beginning to work characteristics- like intelligence and discipline. on my new project. Next year I will be on leave All of this has me simultaneously using all the (mostly home in Vermont but also on Cape Cod free anti-wrinkle creams the surgeons give me for the beginning of the fall); I hope to finish 3 editing a book on family monitoring and begin interviewed the former leader of the community my own book on parental decisions about over three days in February 2007. monitoring their children. I also plan to enjoy Ted Sasson my expanding family which has grown to include I have three or four new articles coming out this two daughters-in-law and two granddaughters. summer, so I’ve been very busy! In addition to Ellen Oxfeld this scholarship, I have been working as co- I've been on academic leave this year (2006- principal investigator on a large scale evaluation 07). During the Fall, I was working on an of Taglit Birthright , ethnography of moral ideas as they apply to an organization that brings different domains of action in a Chinese village. Diaspora Jewish young This was based on previous fieldwork. I spent adults to Israel on free tours. spring semester 2007 living in a Chinese village Over the summer, I'll be in where I had lived ten years ago. My research Israel researching the Israeli was on changes in the uses and meanings of side of the bi-cultural food. However, one very interesting experience I exchanges between Israeli and Diaspora young also had was renewing my contacts with students adults that occur in the context of Birthright who had been in my fourth grade English class in Israel tours. Over the summer, 30,000 Diaspora 1995. Now they are all young adults. Some have Jewish young adults will visit Israel in the migrated away to work in larger cities, but I had context of the program, and they'll spend half a chance to reconnect with them when the their time in bus groups with their Israeli peers returned home for the New Year's holiday. Some traveling the country. My research is on the 5000 have remained in the village and found or so Israelis who will participate in the program. employment nearby, and a few are attending Michael Sheridan college. The chance to connect with a group of I’ve just finished my second first year at individuals as they pass from childhood to young Middlebury! It’s been a bit strange to be both adulthood, amidst the many changes China is ‘new’ (in a tenure-track position) and ‘old’ now undergoing, was particularly interesting. I (having taught here before), but overall it’s been collected information to update my previous sort of like pulling an old pair of shoes from the research, and also started a new project on back of the closet and rediscovering how changes and continuities in the uses and comfortable they are. I have a co-edited book on meanings of food in post-Mao rural China. African sacred groves coming out this fall, and I Burke Rochford am working on a project about the social life of a My book Hare Krishna common American houseplant in rural Africa.

Transformed was David Stoll published by New York I will be on sabbatical in 2007-08, and will be University Press in spending my time doing further research in May. A paper that I did Guatemala and writing at home in Middlebury. with Kendra Bailey ‘06 [see Letter from the Chair, page 2] won the Thomas Robbins Award for excellence in Senior Essay and Thesis the study of new religions Abstracts (see page 19). My new research project focuses on the development of Armstrong, Lauren the New Vrindaban community, a renegade Hare “Helping Mexican Farm Workers Meet Basic Krishna community in West Virginia. I spent a Needs in Addison County, Vermont” week in May interviewing present and former members of the community. Previous to that, I

4 There are currently over 500 Mexican farm subject to a violent twenty-year secessionist workers living in Addison County, Vermont. struggle. I examine the current and historical They have become a vital component of the economic, cultural, political and agricultural area’s economy over the past decade by filling contexts of the region in order to assess the the struggling dairy industry's desperate need for feasibility of a small-scale biofuel development cheap, reliable labor. The farm workers face program. Interviews and ethnographic field work many health issues due to difficult working in five rural villages in the Casamance, and in the conditions, language barriers, and geographic regional capital of Ziguinchor, revealed that isolation. Most of them are undocumented and increased cultivation and production of palm oil live in constant fear of deportation. Previous for biodiesel could lead to more participatory, studies have shown that recent immigrants rely decentralized and equitable development while heavily upon co-ethnic social networks to access reducing the social, environmental and economic basic services such as health care in the host costs of importing petroleum-based fuels. country. Through participant observation of the Phil was one of the interaction between the farm workers and U.S. organizers of Step it Up citizens, particularly members of a group called 2007, the first nationwide the Addison County Farm Workers Coalition, I American event on global have been able to understand the extent to which warming. different types of relationships are helping to Barnwell, Carolyn meet the basic health needs of the farm workers. I “Organic Solidarity: The Hybrid Discourse conducted informal interviews with several and Practice of Alternative Agriculture in members of the Coalition, as well as in-depth Northeast Thailand” interviews with one Mexican woman over a Using the framework of political ecology, I period of six months. I discovered that in the explain how Thailand’s Alternative Agriculture near absence of co-ethnic social support networks Network has combined ideological, political, in Addison County, the area’s citizens are social, and economic processes to form socially providing health services for the farm workers. progressive, ecologically regenerative However, national immigration laws barring agricultural systems. I explore the implications them from obtaining legal status ultimately shape of discourse among various international the workers’ situation. I discuss the potential institutions, agents of the state, non- impacts of proposed national immigration reform governmental on farmworkers in Vermont. organizations, Aroneanu, Philip and influential “Energy and Development in West Africa: individuals Micro-biofuel Production in the Casamance, upon rice Senegal” farmers’ Climate change and poverty are the two defining ideology. How global issues of our times. This study explores do relationships how a decentralized biofuel production system in among these the Casamance region of Senegal could help different groups increase economic and social equity, and affect how contribute to the overall goals of security, farmers democracy and sustainability by building Thai red rice comprehend institutional legitimacy, accountability and local and practice alternative agriculture? Social infrastructure from the ground up. The capital, network building, and collective Casamance, once considered the "breadbasket" of consciousness are important in creating new Senegal, has, since Senegal's independence in discourse and practice. My ethnographic 1960, been ignored and underdeveloped, and research uncovered hegemonic power structures,

5 socio-economic differentiation, and links are interpretations of the social world, so is the between development, the environment, and news, with actors making decisions of how to grassroots collective action within the People’s report on that world. Climate change is an Movement. The Rice Fund in Northeastern established social problem of high magnitude in Thailand serves as a case study of agricultural the scientific community, but research on climate adaptation. The farmers in this organic change journalism suggests that journalistic cooperative are discussing, negotiating, and norms and powerful counter-claims and claims- creating a new reality through hybrid discourse makers have caused journalists to interpret and practice. They exercise their agency by climate change as an “issue” with multiple choosing an adaptive agricultural strategy that relevant sides of debate, thereby exposing the combines organic practices of old with new public to ambiguities that do not represent the horizontal and vertical social and market overwhelming scientific consensus. Using relationships at local and global scales. These interviews with nine American climate change farmers have chosen alternative forms of journalists, this thesis explores their opinions dependency within the Fair Trade model to resist surrounding their norms and ideals in the climate the Thai state’s neoliberal economic agenda and change context and their resulting coverage. operate as a semi-closed corporate community Although they expressed regret for general striving for food sovereignty and a moral journalistic reliance on “balance” and economic system. “objectivity,” they used other ideals – primarily a

quest for “truth” – to orient their reporting and Bolger, Christine thus feel as though they present an accurate “Negotiating Bodies: A Meditation on the version of climate change. They do not attempt Multiple Identities of Athletes on the to be claims advocates, but they do attempt to Middlebury Women’s Soccer Team” present the “facts” in truthful, comprehensive and Although the idea of meaningful ways in order to inform the public of female athletes is now the limits and extents of the climate change accepted in the United consensus. States, women who play sports are forced Chambers, Sienna to negotiate their “‘Aspect Suspect’: Muslim Ethnic Identity in athletic identities to fit French Rap” within a somewhat contradictory socially The riots that occurred in the suburbs outside of constructed feminine identity. Using Cox and Paris in 2005 resulted in a renewed emergence of Thompson’s “multiple bodies” framework, I public discourse on the integration of Muslim show the five different bodies of the athletes of youth in France. Although this group comprised the 2006 Middlebury women’s soccer team. The only a small portion of the rioters, this discourse bodies are: the soccer body, the private body, the exemplifies the identity politics that pervade feminine body, the heterosexual body, and the French society today. The historical background team body. These women are forced to negotiate of Muslim immigration to France and their their gender in a way that is filled with tensions contemporary situation reveals their and contradictions, and by looking at each ‘body’ marginalization in French society. An analysis of or identity individually, I analyze how they are French lyrics by Muslim rappers shows the able to fit them together to create their own construction of what they believe French society integrated individual identities. views as their ethnic identity. The rejection of

this identity is shown through their creation of a Brown, Minna new ethnic identity that emphasizes different “Telling the Truth about Science: Journalistic attributes. In their expression of this identity, the Experiences of Covering Climate Change” rappers attempt to create a political platform to The news is an arena in which social claims are enact change. debated and exposed to the public. Just as claims

6 Enemark, Stephanie who do not identify with the practice of “Steeped in Controversy: Guatemala and barebacking establish a discourse that is more Adoption” congruent with a heteronormative model of Adoption from Guatemala to the United States relationships and behavior. has been receiving harsh criticism both from Granstrom, Sara Guatemalan and American journalists. This bad “Embodied History: Dancing the Ancestors’ press is rooted in allegations of “baby-trading” Legacy in Atsiagbekor in Anlo, Ghana” that have circulated since the end of the In Ghana, West Guatemalan civil war. At Africa, one that time, some military traditional Anlo- officers seized orphaned Ewe dance, the children that they found Atsiagbekor, has wandering the streets, put declined and then them up for adoption in been revitalized the U.S., and charged in the past several large sums for these generations. The services. The increasing original purpose demand for Guatemalan of the dance, to infants sparked criticism prepare for and of that the commemorate closer to economic exploitation than a solution to war, is now a social problem. This essay analyzes this system obsolete, which prompts two questions: How has with interview material from three adoptive the dance changed in recent years? And why is it parents. still performed today? I spent several months in Fazio, Adam 2006 researching the dance in the capital (Accra) “Risky Business: Constructing Masculinity and in two villages in the Volta Region, Through Risky Sexual Behaviors” Dzogadze and Kopeyia. I found that the dance This research uses a three-part methodology to has been quite consciously preserved by examine the relationship between masculinity performance groups both in urban and rural areas, and a willingness to participate in sexual and has undergone some structural changes in the behaviors that put an individual at risk for HIV process. I believe that one of the reasons the infection, most notably the practice of dance continues to be performed is that it forges barebacking (intentional, unprotected anal a physical connection between the bodies of intercourse). The current literature available on dancers today and their ancestors who danced the topic of barebacking suggests that many men this piece or centuries. who choose not to use a condom during anal Harwood, Casey intercourse do so in an effort to make themselves “General Stores in Vermont: Icons of feel and appear more masculine. This research Community Spirit and Cultural Change” attempts to establish a cultural context for General stores in Vermont have changed in many barebacking through the quantitative analysis of ways since they were established in the early language in personal ads and the analysis of the 1800s. Where imagery in pornography. The study concludes there was once a with a survey that examines participants' attitudes hitching post for toward barebacking, which gauges the validity of horses and the cultural context established in the first two buggies, there is parts. My results show that individuals who now a gas pump. bareback tend to legitimize their behavior as an Strangely enough, authentically gay experience, whereas individuals these relic

7 institutions continue to represent Vermont history President’s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief as well as its future. The continued existence of (PEPFAR), which is currently being the general store and the clientele that support implemented in fifteen countries throughout them prove that community spirit is very much African, the Caribbean, and . I argue that the alive today. These stores are not merely vestiges moral and religious ideologies of the of a distant past catering to tourists; they are also administration have informed the design and reminders of meaningful traditions as well as implementation of the plan’s programs. My beacons for a future of community integrity. analysis suggests that when introduced into the Through the analysis of country store histories, target countries, the plan has been a poor fit for past and present, this study tracks the fascinating local cultural and social contexts, thus hindering changes that the general store has undergone in its potential effectiveness. I use Vietnam as a terms of how its clientele, surrounding case study of PEPFAR and cultural responses to community, and functional roles have shifted it. When aid from the industrialized world is over the years. As opposed to the image of the given to poorer countries, it is important to pay general store as a decorative tourist vehicle, close attention to cultural specifics and to leave contemporary stores in Vermont are integral parts out the benefactor’s assumptions about morality. of many local communities in which the idea of a Kline, Seth local, friendly, cohesive, community space is “Living Virtually, Virtually Living: The now the main selling point. Conversion and Exchange of Social and Head, Angela Cultural Capital in Online Virtual “The Past, Present, and Future of Green Communities” Advertising: A Multifaceted Examination” Online interactions provide a new area of Green advertising can be sociological study, and utilize unusual modes of understood as advertising communication. This essay outlines the exchange that makes an and conversion of social, cultural, and economic environmentally positive capitals within Massively Multiplayer Online claim. The message Games, or MMOGs. Studying two different behind a green MMOGs through participant observation, advertisement, however systemic analysis, and case studies, I explore subtle or overt, equates a three hypotheses about life in MMOGs using particular product or classical sociological concepts. The theoretical company with an attitude approach relies on Bourdieu’s concepts of capital or practice related to and habitus, Putnam’s further development of helping the environment. The origins of green social capital, and Barth’s analysis of ethnic advertising date to the 1970s, the time when boundaries. I hypothesize that the interaction of degradation of the earth started to become a anonymous individuals leads to the formation of mainstream concern. This essay examines the arbitrary social groups, which then experience phenomenon of green advertising within its boundary historical and cultural context and creates an formation as analytical typology of green ads. they become

networks for the Heinrich, Chris formation and “Power Used Poorly: A Critical Analysis of exchange of President Bush's Emergency Plan for AIDS social capital. Relief” Second, capital This thesis provides a critical analysis of the exchange and Bush Administration’s response to the global conversion in HIV/AIDS epidemic. I focus on the MMOGs is as administration’s international AIDS policy, the

8 fluid as in real life, in part due to the structure of making clam collecting economically unviable. the games, but also because of the new As their relationship with the mangroves changes, institutions developed spontaneously by the the concheros of San Felipe are in the process of inhabitants of these social worlds. Third, negotiating new relationships within the sociological theories about social and cultural community and between the community and the capitals are effective tools for describing and analyzing a virtual society. I conclude that the first hypothesis is correct to a degree, but not pronounced; the second hypothesis holds true, while the artificial nature of the environment often made it difficult to distinguish the games’ institutions from the social assumptions of the players; while the third hypothesis is proven true by example.

Kofman, Liz “Preschool and the PMC: How Professional Middle Class Parents Negotiate Advantages for their Children in the Early Education Market” outside world. I analyze the role that the Drawing on qualitative data from interviews with connection to the mangrove resource played in professional middle class parents in a New the formation and maintenance of community England college town, this thesis explores the identity and solidarity. Drawing on Wolf’s micro-practices through which social class is concept of the Closed Corporate Peasant performed and reproduced in the field of early Community, this study offers insight to ways that childhood care and education. Through the the changes in resource use are changing San narratives of professional middle class parents, Felipe today. This study brings together post- the author (1) describes how these parents narrate structural political ecology and common property their own and other people’s early educational theory by treating the commons and community choices and (2) portrays how these parents as political arenas of cooperation and conflict. negotiate advantages for their children in the This study adds to the literature on shrimp farms early education market. Findings in this study by employing a political ecology approach suggest that class strategies successfully secure focusing on identity and community solidarity. It the children of professional middle class parents adds to the common property literature by with advantages in the education system at a very suggesting a fifth category of property: early age. Moreover, parents are unlikely to give stigmatized property, in which boundaries are up these advantages as long as the economic maintained not through active defense by the structure of the United States remains as community but through the social stigma unpredictable and competitive as it is today. associated with particular resource use strategies. Liz was the winner of the 2007 Lank Prize in Laura’s thesis won the Rohatyn Center’s prize Sociology and Anthropology. for the best senior thesis in International Studies.

Kuhl, Laura LoCastro, Caryn Losing a Stigmatized Commons: Identity and “Fitting In: An Analysis of Exercise Community Solidarity for Ecuadorian Motivations and Perceptions of Fitness at Concheros Middlebury College” San Felipe is a village on the coast of Ecuador While physical inactivity has become a matter of known for collecting clams. However, the national concern, Middlebury College students development of shrimp farms has led to the loss seem to embrace exercise and maintain high of 90% of mangroves in the estuary of Caráquez,

9 standards of fitness. I conducted an exploratory examines images of sport found in magazine study to examine advertisements. Using advertisements found in the socio- male and female targeted magazines, as well as psychological non-sport and sport magazines, this research influences on interrogates the messages about power that exercise behavior emerge from these images of sport. Based on at Middlebury and theories from sociology of sport, gender studies, the significance of and theories of consumption and advertising, this fitness in a broader project interrogates sociological which images of sport context. I are believed to best sell distributed a questionnaire and conducted focus products and what those groups to address the following research images say about many questions: How do Middlebury students forms of power. This understand and construct perceptions of fitness research shows how and body image? What factors play a role in images of sport in these motivating and inhibiting exercise at the fitness advertisements reflect center? What are the sociological implications of dominant cultural fitness behavior at Middlebury and in society at values regarding gender, large? I framed my research using the social race, class, and sexuality. cognitive theory of motivation, which primarily Ortega, Kerry attributes behavior to feelings of competence, “Up in Smoke: Tobacco Use, Functional supportive social stimuli, and the perceived Values, and More Effective Anti-Smoking extrinsic or intrinsic benefits of participating in Measures” an activity. My findings indicate that competence The serious health risks of is an effective predictor of exercise, but it focuses smoking are well-known. too heavily on positive social forces and ignores However, approximately the very significant impact of social pressure. one-fifth of Americans still Furthermore, many students cited intrinsic engage in the habit. As a motivations for exercise when extrinsic, consequence, there are about appearance-based concerns actually seemed 400,000 deaths from central to their fitness behavior. There appear to tobacco-related illness in the United States every be broader sociological forces at work, which year. This essay examines the complex social largely determine how individuals construct and factors that lead people to smoke. I obtained act on their perceptions of the body. Sociological primary data through interviews and informal theories from Foucault and Marcuse demonstrate fieldwork in Melbourne, Australia from mid- that ideological mechanisms of control induce the April to mid-May 2006. However, in this essay I internalization of cultural norms and the use a cross-national analysis between the United reproduction of fit, docile bodies. These theories States and Australia because smoking rates and challenge the effectiveness of social anti-smoking measures are similar in these psychological theories of motivation for fully countries. I emphasize the functional values of explaining exercise behavior. social influence and rebelliousness to explain Oliver, Erin tobacco use. I further analyze their importance in “Gender Ink: An Analysis of the Forms of relationship to current statistics that indicate Power Portrayed in Sports Images in the smoking is concentrated in lower socioeconomic Media” groups. Based on my analysis, I argue for a This research project focuses on images of sport change away from paternalistic anti-smoking found in the media. More particularly, it measures. Moreover, I suggest innovative small-

10 scale and bottom-up policies to promote tobacco rights – but they are not. cessation. To explain this pattern, I

take a closer look at Putnam, Alemtsehay how political, economic “Deinstitutionalization and the Social and religious Construct of Service Dependency” conservatives have The focus of this essay is the discharge and limited political reform transfer of care of the dependent population from on issues related to large-scale institutions and their subsequent fate sexual morality in Chile in community-based care systems. This process, and Mexico. Unlike other policy issues, abortion now known as deinstitutionalization, has been the rights directly challenge dominant patriarchal and most important recent change in the care of the Catholic moral frameworks. Consequently, a mentally ill in the United States. Spurred by complete discussion of abortion rights anywhere lawsuits, federal initiatives; and parent, consumer, requires an in-depth analysis of local politics, and professional activism, deinstitutionalization conservative religious discourses and the struggle caused the cessation of one set of social for women’s rights. In comparing the two in favor of a community-based care countries’ experiences, it becomes apparent why program. This essay examines the factors which Mexico has had more success in reforming have played a role in the transition from restrictive policies than Chile. The comparison institutions to community-based housing of a the also highlights some of the issues that many mentally ill, and traces the social history of Latin American countries face when challenging service dependency in the United States since the th traditional gender roles and considering new 19 century. In order to understand the factors positions on reproductive rights. leading up to deinstitutionalization, I examine each historical period for the prevailing public Savas, Aysegul attitudes toward dependent groups and the “‘No Difference, Really’: Migration ideologies held by society and the specialists Narratives of Kurdish Women from Eastern supervising treatment and care. While Turkey to Istanbul” deinstitutionalization did bring an end to the This thesis analyzes the migration narratives of inhumane treatment of the mentally ill in 20 Kurdish women who moved from eastern America, the new system has not fully achieved Turkey to Istanbul in the past fifteen years. The its goals. The mentally ill still remain segregated, research was conducted in the lower-class isolated and excluded from their communities. neighborhood of Kayisdagi, Istanbul. The thesis

shows that the women do not self-identify as Reingold, Rebecca Kurdish, and argues that the national/ethnic “The Struggle for Abortion Rights in Chile identity of being “Kurdish” is a predominantly and Mexico” male/public identity. It looks at the categories of The abortion debate in Latin America continues belonging expressed by the women themselves, to be one of the leading issues in public health, and suggests that the social scientific vocabulary social justice and women’s rights. Despite the growth of the women’s movement internationally and the liberalization of abortion laws in other parts of the world, abortion policies throughout the region remain restrictive. However, Latin American women continue to seek abortions in countries where access to safe and legal services is limited. These women, who have little agency over their sexual health and receive little education about their reproductive rights, should be active participants in the struggle for abortion

11 for analyzing identities shapes identities through Using ethnographic data, this qualitative study of a male lens and overlooks multiple categories of a rural Vermont mobile home park indicates that belonging. These women do not express a some parks can foster a healthy community, Kurdish identity because of limited access to the characterized by generalized reciprocity, active public sphere and the dominant patriarchal neighbors invested in the park, and general discourse in their lives. satisfaction with the neighborhood. These

findings suggest that parks should be pursued as Schultz, Claire part of a sound housing policy. Nevertheless, “‘It Just Happened’: How Teens Rationalize significant barriers to the successful utilization of Becoming Mothers in the Context of a mobile home parks as good affordable housing Disapproving Society” Through observations and semi-structured interviews with eleven teenage mothers in a rural Vermont town, this thesis analyzes how poor teenagers in a rural and socio-economically diverse community explain why they became pregnant and rationalize their decisions to become mothers. I also analyze how their accounts are embedded in the broader context of a society that discourages and stigmatizes teen pregnancy. I argue that in this community, which has one of the lowest teenage pregnancy rates in the country and which is relatively diverse socio- economically, young women with children are more visible as outliers than they would be in inner-city neighborhoods. They therefore appear to more acutely notice and internalize their position as part of a stigmatized sector of society. This thesis follows the young women’s experiences from meeting their boyfriends to need to be removed in order for parks to become finding out that they are pregnant, preparing to truly healthy communities. To begin this process, become parents, and finally experiencing policy makers must define their housing needs motherhood. I find that these young women and goals, because the dual identity of mobile attempt to neutralize the negative associations home parks requires distinct choices depending linked to their actions and decisions about on which identity is ultimately desired. On one motherhood through a mixture of shifting blame hand, mobile home parks can be life-long, and denying culpability for various aspects of permanent communities. On the other hand, they their pregnancies and parenting decisions, freeing can be temporary housing on the way to them to be proud and confident parents. ownership of a site-built home.

Shanbacker, Elizabeth St. Jean, Terry “Mobile Homes, Fixed Communities: The “Framing the Frame: The Science of Dimensions of Social Life in a Single-Wide Mobilizing Social Change through visions of Neighborhood” Collective Action” Millions of Americans rely on mobile homes as In this essay, I analyze data gathered through their permanent residences and as one of the few participant observation with an on-campus non-subsidized forms of affordable housing student activist group, Incarceration In Question. available to them. The poor reputation of “trailer I compare this local movement to a national parks” begs the question, are mobile homes part organization to see how these two separate of the housing problem, or part of the solution? organizations use theories and practices of

12 collective action to meet their differing goals. conceptions of “gayness,” repudiating the idea of Collective Action Theory and theories about a cohesive “gay community.” creating mobilization through Message Framing Tamara was the winner of SOAN department’s inform my data analysis. The key theoretical Blum and Company, Inc. Award for 2007. frameworks are derived from Donileen Loseke, Virviescas Mendoza, Tatiana Sidney Tarrow, and Pierre Bourdieu. “The Colombian Diaspora in Paris: A Study Vatnick, Tamara of Immigration through the Emergence of a “Queer ‘I’s: Negotiating Identity, Community, Hybrid Colombo-Parisian Social Dance” and Power at a New England College” Colombian immigration to industrialized This study examines trends in ideas, language, countries such as France has increased in recent and political beliefs on the concept of decades, and diasporic Latin American “queerness” among different generations of queer communities have formed. Important aspects of people. To that end I interviewed 28 openly Colombian traditions such as social dance are now influencing French culture. As a result, a new hybrid version of Colombo-French salsa has emerged, and contemporary Parisian social dance has changed through the appropriation of Colombian movement. I examined the political, economic, and geographical issues involved in migration from a kinesthetic perspective. Social, ethnic, and cultural characteristics are present in dance, and they reflect the society in which they are generated. I attended Latin and French dance clubs in Paris and received salsa lessons in these queer people—faculty, staff and students--at places. I interviewed dance instructors, students, Middlebury College. In addition to these and Colombian interviews, I utilize three and a half years of immigrants and participant observation in the field, not only as an filmed and ethnographer, but also as a member of the photographed population that I examine. I use theories from classes, rehearsals, Michel Foucault, Judith Butler, and Erving and people dancing Goffman to examine concepts of sexuality as in night clubs as part well as concepts of the self. I also use James of the research. The Scott and George Lakoff for linguistic analysis. thesis demonstrates In the process of interviewing, I discovered that how globalization is generational differences were not necessarily an leading to important factor in creating these different hybridized cultural aspects of a queer identity. Instead I found that forms. queer people negotiate two conflicting dynamics: the norm of compulsory heterosexuality in U.S. Warnow, Jonathan society, and the fairly recent liberal conceptions “Heating up the Frame: Global Warming and of the acceptable gay person who is part of a the Battles over Meaning in the New Coal cohesive “gay community.” I focused especially Rush” on the language queer people use to express their Social movement scholars have identified own identity as well as their understandings of framing processes, resource mobilization, and “gayness.” I found that the complications and political opportunity as the principal factors for contradictions inherent in how we speak and understanding the nature and development of think about “gayness” in American culture social movements. This paper applies these resulted in individuals creating their own unique theories of framing to the emerging social 13 movements opposing Ultimately, the recently proposed coal- opposition feels as fired power plants. I though they should first assess the not be taking historical context from responsibility for a which contemporary problem they do not conceptions of framing contribute to and processes arose. Then, they propose I analyze how these alternative solutions framing processes play to meet and manage out in the organizations energy demands. opposing the new coal This paper further rush, pointing to ways that collective action explores the tension between environmentalists frames can be improved and refined for greater to in finding solutions to the energy problem and achieve greater mobilization. I then appraise the whether the notion of wind power needs to be re- role of global warming in the processes of evaluated. framing and counter-framing between social Emily’s essay won the 2007 Bryan award from movement organizations and energy companies. the Center for Research on Vermont at UVM.

In the paper's final predictive section, I identify a Wilson, Carol potential master frame involving global warming, “Aesthetic Dilemma: A Study of the Social and demonstrate how it can be harnessed by Significance of Hair among African American social movement organizations opposing the coal Women at Middlebury College” rush. Finally, this paper reveals a direction This thesis uses the accounts of ten African forward for social movement organizations American Middlebury College women to explore involving collaborative framing and the forging the gap between academia and the Black hair of new alliances. community in modern Black hair discourse. Wheeler, Emily African American hair is a social arena in which “Small Town vs. Big Wind: Exploring the many social and historical dynamics play out, yet Complexity of the Wind Power Debate In very little has been done to investigate it. Rural Vermont” Although a distinctive discourse about hair is Due to the rise of global warming and much regularly used in African American communities, conflict over foreign oil in the last decade, there my interviews suggest that Black hair is never has been a renewed goal of integrating alternative openly discussed at Middlebury. As African energy into our national and global energy supply. Americans living in a primarily White As more domestic energy companies look for environment and women well versed in the renewable energy options, Vermont is a state that culture of Black hair has been targeted for potential wind farm sites. rhetoric, their voice One site in the Northeast Kingdom of Vermont represents a has sparked a tremendous debate over wind distinctive perspective power, pitting locals, town governments, rarely articulated in companies and environmentalists against one the Black hair and another as they try to reach a conclusion. This academic community. paper presents the argument against industrial My analysis shows wind power from the viewpoint of four members that these women of local opposition groups. While accused of have uprooted the hair having a NIMBY argument, the opposition community from their explains why their position asks fundamental urban home-towns questions of legitimacy and consequence. and reassembled it

14 here in Middlebury. They have developed their own version of Black hair culture where hair is discussed in intimate settings as a source of support and solidarity. As they rebuild, they account for Middlebury’s influence on their relationship with their hair by using a unique style of expression that bounces back and forth between a critical academic voice and colloquial narrative as they talk about Black hair.

of my work schedule. How did I get here from a BA in Anthropology at Middlebury College? During my sophomore year at Middlebury, I took SOAN 159 and I thought it was the most interesting class ever. I devoured the readings Ian O'Reilly throws an atlatl in Intro to Archaeology from the class and really enjoyed the opportunity to make connections to bio-anthro ideas during Study and experience other major SOAN courses especially during the at home and abroad theory course. The only problem was that SOAN 159 was the only biological anthropology course Biological Anthro after Middlebury offered in the school. Professor Eaton advised by Lydia Beaudrot ‘05 me to look outside of Middlebury for other Two weeks after graduation, I moved to Costa learning venues, but had this been a different Rica to chase capuchin monkeys around a subject the same steps could have applied within forest. For an entire year, I had the chance to get the college. I took his words to heart and that to know another species, another ecosystem and has made all the difference. Each of the another culture. I also had the chance to get to opportunities that I have had has built upon the know a top-level researcher in the field of other. My experience was something like this: primatology. Fifteen months after graduation, I • Take an interesting course at moved to Cambridge, Massachusetts to work as a Middlebury. Do the reading. Get to research assistant at Harvard University. I'm know the professor. Ask advice. working in the biological anthropology • Explore areas of interest following advice department for a primatologist who studies of professor. Read more. Start getting to orangutans. It's my job to manage her database know the key players writing on the topic. and assist with ongoing projects. More • Use senior work as an opportunity to interestingly, I have the opportunity to work on explore the area of interest and become spatial analyses of orangutan movement patterns familiar with the ideas of the key players using geographical information systems in the field. (GIS). I'm pretty psyched about it. Not only do • Get to know experts in the area of interest I get to use the GIS skills I learned at Middlebury, by contacting them with questions or but I also have had the opportunity to take about research opportunities. Ask them additional GIS courses through Harvard as a part for advice… and follow their advice.

15 • Volunteer for experts or find grant money "What do you think the students [sex workers not to do work for them. yet on duty] will want to learn today?" My • Enjoy gainful employment from experts! buddy Dee, who used to be a sex worker but now

works for SWING, says, "Just ask them what Red Lights, Ping Pong and the Not-So- they want to know." Underground World of Commercial Sex After practicing some conversational phrases in Thailand and prices with ten men and women, Dee by Carolyn Barnwell ’06.5 encourages me to move to "romantic sweet The doors of the mass-transit Skytrain open at words." I never learned the equivalents in Thai, Saladaeng in Bangkok, and I'm hit with humid air, so I act out romantic scenes in front of the the sound of hustling high heels clicking on the class. This crowd is one of the few Thai crowds stairs and honking taxi horns. It's not dark yet, that is not embarrassed by talk of intimacy, but and those that don't know would never guess this appreciative. "Okay, all together!" I encourage. area transforms into a world-renowned red light The group responds, "I wahnt doo keesss youuu." district. My class runs over by thirty minutes because we A middle-aged woman is selling crunchy are laughing and having a great time. snacks at the side of the road. I ask her, I am ready to get more involved, so I grabbed a "Patpong nung yu tee nai ka?" [where is Patpong pink velour bag filled with condoms and go out 1?]. I wonder if she thinks I want to find an with SWING outreach workers Ehg and Bui. upscale sex club and a young Thai man... We’re in search of ‘underground’ male sex bars hardly. But I don't take the time to explain what and workers who need protection. In the past I'm doing; I walk across the street and look for few years, the female bars (with young girls my landmark sign: “Pussy Show!” My heart straight from the rural farming villages, in all beats a little faster. shapes and sizes) have lost popularity. Most There's a cement staircase that twists up five female sex bars have resorted to shocking floors to where I find the small sign for customers with circus shows like "Pussy Ping SWING. I open the door. "Ohh, I remember Pong" or "Pussy Cuts Banana" – you guessed you!" I'm greeted by a familiar face, Surang, a where the knives are held. In contrast, the most woman who has dedicated her life to helping crowded bars I saw were those with dancing commercial sex workers by educating them about katheoy or transwomen; the most beautiful HIV/AIDS and safe sex. She's also opened this women in Thailand. Of course they're beautiful – haven known as SWING, where free condoms, their entire bodies have been under the knife. advice, and English lessons abound, five floors Customers are forewarned it's okay to check to above the red lights. Surang ushers me into the see what office, where the entire wall is covered in multi- you're colored condoms. Before arriving in Thailand, I getting in would have never planned on willingly to – some surrounding myself with this (yes, illegal) katheoy industry. But after being exposed to the dangers still have and injustices, I couldn't believe what I learned; penises what I saw. I wanted to get involved and help, so tucked into I came to teach their bikini English and, bottoms. being an The first bar Ehg and Bui and I approach, "The anthropologist, Golden Cock," has string beads hanging in the do some doorway. My stomach lurches as I duck through participant the beads, afraid of what I’m about to see. The observation. I men inside are hanging out and playing cards- it's ask Surang, only 7:30 pm so I guess it's too early for 16 customers. Since I'm the only female in the place, lamps, touristy knick-knacks and food. Bui says, everyone stares. (Not to mention I am white, and "Okay, we're going to walk you back to the a foot taller than Ehg and Bui). I smile and hand Skytrain." them condoms, which each young guy eagerly "Thanks for takes. letting me We round the corner, so we're off infamous help you Patpong 1. There are puddles on the side of the tonight." I road, and only a few streetlights or cars. I would say. "It was never have wandered back here without my easy! We 'bodyguards' Ehg and Bui. The bars we stop at didn't even are no longer obvious, with signs like "The have to Golden Cock" in English and Japanese. In the pretend you almost empty alleyways, we pull open heavy are a katheoy doors to reveal rooms with no windows and no to get you into the male bars!" All I can do is air circulation. The bars get progressively more laugh. I tell them to keep up their good work and seedy and smoky. Fake leather couches have walk up to my air-conditioned escape on the stuffing protruding from the cracks that haven't Skytrain—but not before snapping a last photo of yet been patched with duct-tape. In this bar, the the neon red lights so I will never forget. Thai men look my age or younger, and they're Carolyn has received a Watson Fellowship for sitting on the laps of 200 lb. balding white 2007-2008 to study how Pacific islanders are men. They're happily being rubbed down so they preparing for global warming. hardly notice my widening eyes. Gender is a Drag: Fun Activities this After our bag of condoms is empty, I decide I Semester don't need to stick around Patpong to refuse the by Laurie Essig offers of Pussy Shows and Big Boy Dancers In February, a bunch of Midd students joined me 'with glow-in-the-dark paint!' that will start in at the University of Vermont for the Translating about an hour. I’m completely over-stimulated. Identity Conference (TIC), one of the largest In Patpong, female “dancers” bop to the beat on conferences dealing with trans issues stage in sheer bikinis, hoping to catch the eyes of (transgender, transexual, and gender queer). We a customer who will take them home so they were all excited to attend a variety of workshops don’t end the day making only $3 USD from the on trans issues and learn more about one of the bar owner. Male dancers are usually more fastest growing gender/sexuality movements in aggressive and offer their erection after rubbing the country. up against you. They all need to make money in At the end of April, a van full of Middlebury order to buy food and keep their families alive. students came to my house in Burlington for a The hardest part of being in what some find a seminar on drag. The students wanted to do a thrilling and exotic industry was looking at these drag section for the AAA Fashion Show and dancers, knowing I lived with their grandparents since I have done a fair amount of drag, both as a and parents in the villages up north where I did female to male drag and as a female to female thesis research. My host families are receiving drag queen (and also as “it,” a half male, half the money their kids send home, but they don't female), they asked me to give them some tips. know what their kids are doing in Bangkok to Besides borrowing all my dress-up clothes, make that money. My head is spinning because learning the tricks of the trade (binding, stuffing, Dee told me 28% of men who have sex with men and false eyelashes), the students went on a little in Thailand have AIDS, and the fastest growing shopping trip to a local thrift store where they sector is married women whose husbands bring bought some fabulous accessories for their home the HIV virus. costumes. The result can be seen at Patpong is getting crowded because the market http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EtzN8ipnjZc. stalls have been set up in the street with T-shirts, 17 Selected Faculty Publications Contemporary Ethnography 26:281-301. [Note: this article is based on Rebecca's senior thesis.]

2003-2007 2006 "Lessons from Vermont," in The Promise Laurie Essig of Welfare Reform: Political Rhetoric and the 2005 "The Pleasure of Freaks," Proteus 22:2. Reality of Poverty in the Twenty-First Century, 2007 "Burlesque," Encyclopedia of Sex and edited by Keith Kilty and Elizabeth Siegel, pp. Gender, edited by Fedwa Malti-Douglas. 57-69. New York: Haworth Press.

James Fitzsimmons 2006 "Ongoing challenges in the study of Rural 2006 “Tomb re-entry among the Classic Maya: livelihood strategies," Journal of Poverty 10:4. archaeology and epigraphy in mortuary 2006 "Caring for Anna" Contexts 5(4):78-79. ceremonialism,” in Jaws of the Underworld: Life, Death, and Rebirth Among the Ancient Maya 2006 "Single mothers ‘do’ family," Journal of Marriage and Family 68:817-823. (Acta Mesoamericana 16), edited by Pierre Colas, Geneviéve LeFort, and Bodil Liljefors Persson, 2006 "Families in not-so-free fall: A response pp. 35-42. Möckmühl, Germany: Verlag Anton to comments,” Journal of Marriage and Family Saurwein. 68:781-795.

2006 “Relics” (co-authored with Rebecca 2005 The Social Bennette), in Encyclopedia of Religion, Economy of Single Communication, and Media, edited by Daniel Motherhood: Raising Stout. Great Barrington, MA: Berkshire Children in Rural Publishing Group. America. New York: Routledge. David Napier 2006 “Avant-garde or 2004 "Reciprocity and Savant-garde: The Eco- romance," Qualitative tourist as Tarzan,” in Sociology 27(4): 439-459. Tarzan was an Eco- tourist, edited by Luis 2004 "How men matter: Vivanco and Rob Housework and self-provisioning among rural Gordon, pp. 75-90. New single-mother and married-couple families in York: Berghahn Books. Vermont, US," Feminist Economics 10(4):9-37. (Reprinted in 2005 in The Dilemmas of Lone 2004 The Righting of Motherhood, Routledge). Passage: Perceptions of Ellen Oxfeld Change After Modernity. University of 2004 “’When you drink water, think of its Pennsylvania Press. source:’ Morality, status, and reinvention in rural

Chinese funerals" Journal of Asian Studies 63:3. 2005 “Self and Other in an 'Amodern' World,” in A Companion to Psychological Anthropology 2004 “Cross- border hypergamy? A look at edited by Cornerly Casey and Robert Edgerton. marriage exchanges in a transnational Hakka Oxford: Blackwell. Community,”in Cross-Border Marriages, edited

Peggy Nelson by Nicole Constable. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. 2007 "Listening to Anna," Health Affairs May/June 2007, pp. 836-840. 2004 “The man who sold the collective’s land:

2007 "Day care differences and the Understanding new economic regimes in Guangdong,” Journal of Ethnology 2:1. reproduction of social class" (co-authored with Rebecca N. Schutz ’05), Journal of

18 2004 Coming 2005 “A.C. Bhaktivedanta Prabhupada,” in The Home? Immigrants, Encyclopedia of Religion, 2e, edited by Lindsay Refugees and Those Jones. Detroit: MacMillan.

Who Stayed Behind, 2005 “Family development and change in the co-edited with Hare Krishna movement,” in Controversial New Lynellyn Long. Religions, edited by James Lewis. Oxford: University of Oxford University Press. Pennsylvania Press. 2004 “Airports, conflict, and change in the 2004 “Chinese Hare Krishna movement,” in The Hare Krishna villagers and the Movement: The Postcharismatic Fate of a moral dilemmas of Religious Transplant, edited by Edwin Bryant return visits,” in and Maria Ekstrand, pp. 273-290. New York: Columbia University Press. Coming Home? Immigrants, 2003 “Interfaith encounter and religious Refugees and Those Who Stayed Behind, edited identity: Sociological observations and by Ellen Oxfeld and Lynellyn Long. reflections,” in Beside Still Waters: Jew, Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press. Christians, and the Way of the Buddha, edited by 2004 “Toward an ethnography of return” (co- Harold Kasimow, John Keenan, and Linda authored with Lynellyn Long), in Coming Home? Keenan, pp. 217-229. Boston: Wisdom Publications. Immigrants, Refugees and Those Who Stayed Behind, edited by Ellen Oxfeld and Lynellyn Ted Sasson Long. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania 2007 "From shrine to forum: Masada and the Press. politics of Jewish extremism" (co-authored with Shaul Kelner), forthcoming, Israel Studies. Burke Rochford 2007 Hare Krishna Transformed. New York: 2007 “Triangulation and mixed methods New York University Press. [see p. 4] designs: Practicing what we preach in the 2007 "The sociology of New Religious evaluation of an Israel experience educational Movements," in American Sociology of Religion: program” (co-authored with Charles Kadushin, Histories, edited by Anthony Blasi. Leiden: Brill Shahar Hecht, and Leonard Saxe), forthcoming, Publishers. Field Methods.

2007 “Social building blocks of New Religious 2006 “Qualitative research on American Jewry,” Contact 8(4):9-10. Movements: Organization and leadership,” in Teaching New Religious Movements, edited by Michael Sheridan David Bromley. Oxford: Oxford University 2006 “The toughest job you’ll ever love: The Press. Peace Corps as adventure” (co-authored with 2006 “The Hare Krishna movement: Jason Price ’99), in Tarzan was an Eco-tourist, Beginnings, change, and transformation," in edited by Luis Vivanco and Rob Gordon, pp. 179-196. New York: Berghahn Publishers. Introduction to New and Alternative Religions in America, edited by Eugene Gallagher and 2004 “The environmental consequences of William Ashcraft . Westport, CT: Greenwood. independence and socialism in North Pare, 2006 “Almost heaven: Leadership, decline, and Tanzania, 1961-88,” Journal of African History 45(1):81-102. the transformation of New Vrindaban” (co- authored with Kendra Bailey ‘06), Nova Religio 2003 “Representing environments in flux: Case 9(3):6-23. studies from East Africa” (co-authored with

19 Lindsey Gillson and Dan Brockington), Area Julia Davidson ’04.5 is the development director 35(4):371-389. for the Southside Family Nurturing Center, a

social service agency for at-risk families and 2004 “Development dilemmas and children in Minneapolis. She says that the job is administrative ambiguities: Terracing and Land a sort of applied anthropology. Use Planning Committees in North Pare, Tanzania,” Policy Matters: Journal of the IUCN Andrea Hamre ‘05 is working for the Commission on Environmental, Economic and Department of Justice in Washington DC and Social Policy 13:186-197. getting increasingly involved in environmental

activism. 2004 “Getting away from stressful research presentations with poster sessions,” in Strategies Danielle Naugle ’06.5 is going to Togo, West in Teaching Anthropology, 3e, edited by Patricia Africa, as a Peace Corps Volunteer. Keep tabs Rice and David McCurdy, pp. 24-27. Upper on her at http://amanicorps.blogspot.com/.

Saddle River, NJ: Prentice-Hall. Judith Schutter ‘05 has been doing conservation David Stoll work in Washington DC since she returned from 2006 “Adventure and Peace Corps-Peru.

regulation in contemporary We want to know what you’re doing. Please anthropological fieldwork,” write us (email, postcards, extended analyses of in Tarzan was an Eco- the state of your world, etc.). We would also be tourist, edited by Luis delighted to publish brief articles showing our Vivanco and Rob Gordon, alumni in action and using sociology and pp. 270-279. New York: anthropology beyond Middlebury. Berghahn Books.

2005 “The Nicaraguan Future issues Contras: Were they Indios?” Latin American This is YOUR newsletter. We are open to your Politics and Society, 47(3):145-57. contributions and suggestions. Have you read a new book that transformed your approach to Alumni News culture and society? Write a book review. Have you done some interesting research? Volunteer Kit Barron ‘05 is working at Harvard’s Center for an interview. We’d like to publish news of for Latin American Studies. After graduation he your internships, research projects, awards, and worked on agricultural development projects in any other experiences of sociological and Kenya, Zambia, Mozambique, Pakistan, and anthropological interest. What do you want in Spain. your newsletter?

Lila Buckley ‘04 returned to Middlebury in This newsletter is available online at October 2006 to give a series of talks on http://www.middlebury.edu/NR/rdonlyres/21210C2D- conservation and development in China. She is D7DC-4F66-AA93- the assistant director of a Chinese environmental 8207DCDD5F53/0/field_notes_no3.pdf

NGO and a journalist for the WorldWatch Institute. Department of Sociology and Anthropology Zach Center ‘05 Munroe 201 Zach is now in his eighth month of teaching Middlebury College English in Mozambique. This is his second Middlebury VT 05753 Peace Corps assignment after the Chad program USA pulled the volunteers out due to political unrest. http://www.middlebury.edu/academics/ump/majors/soca/

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