DOCSLIB.ORG

Arsenic Contamination in West Bengal: Its Present & Future

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Arsenic Contamination in West Bengal: Its Present & Future International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 3 Issue 2, Mar-Apr 2020 Available at www.ijsred.com RESEARCH ARTICLE OPEN ACCESS Arsenic Contamination in West Bengal: Its Present & Future Koustav Dutta*, Dr. Malay Kanti Ghosh** *Student (UG), Dept. of Civil Engineering, Purulia Government Engineering College, West Bengal, India [email protected] ** Associate Professor, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Purulia Government Engineering College, West Bengal, India [email protected] ---------------------------------------- ************************ ---------------------------------- Abstract: Arsenic contamination in ground water and related health hazards have become a matter of serious concern in many countries of the world. A number of large aquifers in the world have been identified with problems of high levels of Arsenic concentration in ground water. Arsenic contamination in ground water of West Bengal in the range of 0.001-3.20 mg/l occurs in isolated patches, predominantly spreading over the 79 blocks in eight districts of the state. Apart from these, newer locations spreading over a few blocks of the North Bengal districts have also tested positive for the presence of Arsenic more recently. At present about 162.6 lakh people (35.48% of the total population of the State) occupying 17533 habitats live in the risk zone of potential threat in terms of Arsenic related diseases in the future. Central Ground Water Board and the Government of West Bengal have made successful endeavours to provide arsenic free drinking water to the entire population in the arsenic infested area. Arsenic free deeper aquifers have been explored by CGWB .Three aquifer systems have been identified within 100 mbgl, 120 – 160 mbgl and 200 –250 mbgl. The top aquifer within 100 mbgl is mostly arseniferous, whereas both the deeper aquifers which are separated by a thick clay (>10 m) from the overlying aquifers, capable of yielding 5 to 20 metric liters of water per second, are arsenic free. The paper thoroughly discusses the present day scenario of Arsenic concentration in the various blocks of the state of West Bengal and also emphasizes for the adoption of suitable advance techniques for dilution of Arsenic concentration in groundwater to move ahead by a step in the eradication of the lethal element Arsenic from the groundwater. Keywords — Arsenic contamination in West Bengal, Combating the arsenic crisis, Population at risk, Sub-surface geology ---------------------------------------- ************************ ---------------------------------- contamination. Apart from the aforementioned I. INTRODUCTION districts, more recent studies have revealed the The occurrence of Arsenic in ground water was first presence of Arsenic at significant levels in the reported in 1980 in West Bengal in India. In West groundwater in the various districts of North Bengal Bengal, 79 blocks in 8 districts have Arsenic like Coochbehar, Dinajpur (N) and Dinajpur (S). beyond the permissible limit of 0.05 mg/l. The most affected areas are on the eastern side of Bhagirathi Excessive intake of arsenic in human body causes River in the districts of Malda, Murshidabad, health hazards that are manifested in the form of Nadia, 24 Parganas (N) and 24 Parganas (S) and arsenic poisoning. The main source of poisoning is also on the western side of the river spreading over through drinking water. The limit of Arsenic in the districts of Howrah, Hooghly and Burdwan (E drinking water standard as per BIS (Bureau Of & W). The occurrence of Arsenic in ground water Indian Standards) is 0.01 mg/L. (IS 10500 -1993 is mainly in the aquifers up to 100 m depth. The Amended 2003). However affected West Bengal deeper aquifers are free from Arsenic ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page 659 International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 3 Issue 2, Mar-Apr 2020 Available at www.ijsred.com State follows the earlier standard as per BIS (1993) Methodology: of maximum permissible value 0.05 mg/L (for The various informations collected has been detection) and 0.01 mg/L (for removal). There is no presented in a systematic way in the form of charts, immediate effect on the health of the consumer, if maps and other tools of statistics to get a detailed small doses are consumed. But due to slow insight into the matter to ultimately discuss accumulation of arsenic from continuous or thoroughly the effective measures against the repeated exposures, various symptoms may appear problem of Arsenic contamination in groundwater in the body of the consumer. Both, geogenic towards the end of the study. (natural) and anthropogenic sources of arsenic contribute to the enrichment of the element in groundwater. At present the contamination has been predominantly found in the eight districts of West Bengal as tabulated below: Table 1: Arsenic affected districts of West Bengal Districts Arsenic Level in groundwater in mg/l Hooghly, Howrah, Coochbehar, Malda, Murshidabad, Nadia, 24 0.01-0.05 Parganas (N), and 24 parganas (S) Hooghly, Malda, Murshidabad, Nadia, 24 Parganas (N), and 24 >0.05 parganas (S) II. MATERIALS & METHODOLOGY Fig. 1 : Map of West Bengal Study Area: The entire study has been restricted to the various III. RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS districts of the state of West Bengal at the block level. The region selected is small so as to The level of Arsenic detected in the various understand the condition of the groundwater of the locations within a particular affected block has been particular region in a great detail and interpret its obtained and the location at which the groundwater condition in the near future with better accuracy. has the maximum level of Arsenic in it only has been considered to be the maximum level of Data Source: Arsenic present in that block. All the data and informations used in the study are based on the various reports and publications of The contamination situations in the various Arsenic Central Ground Water Board (CGWB) published affected districts are hereby discussed one by one in from time to time. details: ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page 660 International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 3 Issue 2, Mar-Apr 2020 Available at www.ijsred.com Burdwan (E & W) Howrah Table 1: Details of Arsenic Level in Groundwater for the Table 4: Details of Arsenic Level in Groundwater for the affected Blocks of Burdwan (E & W) District affected Blocks of Howrah District Block Location Arsenic Level in Block Location Arsenic Level in groundwater in mg/l groundwater in mg/l Arsenic Level in groundwater 0.01 – 0.05 mg/l Arsenic Level in groundwater 0.01 – 0.05 mg/l Purbasthali I Hematpur 0.03 Domjur Ramrajatala 0.01 Purbasthali II Chatani 0.05 Arsenic Level in groundwater > 0.05 mg/l Arsenic Level in groundwater > 0.05 mg/l --- --- --- --- --- --- Malda Coochbehar Table 5: Details of Arsenic Level in Groundwater for the Table 2: Details of Arsenic Level in Groundwater for the affected Blocks of Malda District affected Blocks of Coochbehar District Block Location Arsenic Level in Block Location Arsenic Level in groundwater in groundwater in mg/l mg/l Arsenic Level in groundwater 0.01 – 0.05 mg/l Arsenic Level in groundwater 0.01 – 0.05 mg/l Haldibari Dhaprahat 0.04 English Bazar Phulbaria 0.03 Harishchandrapur I Tulsihata 0.02 Arsenic Level in groundwater > 0.05 mg/l Kaliachak I Nauda 0.04 Kaliachak I I Muthabari 0.05 --- --- --- Kaliachak I II Krishnapur 0.03 Manikchak Mathurapur 0.05 Old Malda Malda 0.02 Hooghly Ratua I Bhaluka 0.02 Ratua II Paranpur 0.04 Table 3: Details of Arsenic Level in Groundwater for the affected Blocks of Hooghly District Arsenic Level in groundwater > 0.05 mg/l Block Location Arsenic Level in groundwater in mg/l English Bazar Milky 0.15 Kaliachak I Khaschandpur 0.302 Arsenic Level in groundwater 0.01 – 0.05 mg/l Kaliachak II Raipara 0.078 Kaliachak III Jalalditola 0.115 Srirampur- Uttarpara 0.04 Manikchak Damodarpur 0.131 Uttarpara Ratua I Baharal 0.138 Balagarh Jirat 0.02 Ratua II Paranpur 0.065 Kalitala Arsenic Level in groundwater > 0.05 mg/l Gajole Ghatsol 0.082 Balagarh Milangarh 0.052 ISSN : 2581-7175 ©IJSRED: All Rights are Reserved Page 661 International Journal of Scientific Research and Engineering Development-– Volume 3 Issue 2, Mar-Apr 2020 Available at www.ijsred.com Murshidabad Nadia Table 6: Details of Arsenic Level in Groundwater for the Table 7: Details of Arsenic Level in Groundwater for the affected Blocks of Murshidabad District affected Blocks of Nadia District Block Location Arsenic Level in Block Location Arsenic Level in groundwater in groundwater in mg/l mg/l Arsenic Level in groundwater 0.01 – 0.05 mg/l Arsenic Level in groundwater 0.01 – 0.05 mg/l Berhampur Daulatabad 0.02 Chakdah Narvtipara 0.03 Beldanga I Swarupnagar 0.04 Chapra Maharajpur 0.03 Beldanga II Debpur 0.04 Hanskhali Khamarsimulia 0.05 Bhagawangola I Bahadurpur 0.04 Haringhata Subarnapur 0.04 Bharatpur I Gangedda 0.01 Kaliganj Kaliganj 0.04 Bharatpur II Khandagram 0.02 Karimpur I Madhyagopalpur 0.05 Domkal Domkal 0.03 Karimpur II Narayanpur 0.04 Farakka Chaukigram 0.04 Krishnaganj Gede 0.02 Hariharpara Hariharpara 0.05 Krishnanagar I Bhaluka 0.05 Jalangi Sagarpara 0.01 Krishnanagar II Chowgacha 0.03 Kandi Gokarna 0.04 Nabadwip Mukundapur 0.04 Lalgola Pithtala 0.01 Nakashipara Gachha 0.05 Mur -Jiaganj Ranjitpara 0.02 Ranaghat I Birnagar 0.02 Nabagram Gurah -Pashla 0.03 Ranaghat II Cooper’s Camp 0.04 Noada Dubtala Bazar 0.02 Shantipur Kulia 0.03
Load more

Recommended publications
  • New Regn.Pdf
    LIST OF NEWLY REGISTERED DEALERS FOR THE PERIOD FROM 01-DECEMBER-08 TO 16-DECEMBER-08 CHARGE NAME VAT NO. CST NO. TRADE NAME ADDRESS ALIPUR 19604024078 19604024272 BAHAR COMMODEAL PVT. LTD. 16 BELVEDRE ROAD KOLKATA 700027 19604028055 MAHAVIR LOGISTICS 541/B, BLOCK 'N NW ALIPORE KOLKATA 700053 19604027085 P. S. ENTERPRISE 100 DIAMOND HARBOUR ROAD KOLKATA 700023 19604031062 19604031256 PULKIT HOLDINGS PVT. LTD. 16F JUDGES COURT ROAD KOLKATA 700027 19604030092 19604030286 R. S. INDUSTRIES (INDIA) 26E, TURF ROAD KALIGHAT 700025 19604026018 19604026212 RAJ LAXMI JEWELLERS 49/1 CIRCULAR GARDEN ROAD KOLKATA 700023 19604025048 19604025242 SAPNA HERBALS & COSMETICS PVT. LTD. 12/5 MOMINPUR ROAD KOLKATA 700023 19604029025 19604029219 SOOKERATING TEA ESTATE PVT. LTD. P-115, BLOCK-F NEW ALIPORE KOLKATA 700053 19604023011 SURFRAJ & CO. F-79 GARDENREACH ROAD KOLKATA 700024 ARMENIAN STREET 19521285018 19521285212 M/S. TEXPERTS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED, 21, ROOPCHAND ROY STREET, 3RD FLOOR, KOLKATA 700007 19521286085 19521286279 TIRUPATI ENTERPRISES IST FLOOR, 153, RABINDRA SARANI, KOLKATA 700007 ASANSOL 19747189094 ARCHANA PEARLS 8, ELITE PLAZA G.C. MITRA ROAD ASANSOL 713301 19747194041 ASANSOL REFRIGERATOR MART 46 G.T. ROAD, DURGA MARKET, GIRIJA MOR ASANSOL 713301 19747182013 AUTO GARAGE FARI ROAD BARAKAR, ASANSOL 713324 19747178036 BADAL RUIDAS VIA- ASANSOL KALLA VILLAGE, RUIDAS PAR KALLA (C.H) 713340 19747175029 19747175223 BALBIR ENTERPRISES STATION ROAD BARAKAR 713324 19747179006 19747179297 BAZAR 24 24 G.T. ROAD (WEST) RANIGANJ SEARSOL RAJBARI 713358
    [Show full text]
  • Final Population (Villages and Towns), Murshidabad, West Bengal
    CENSUS 1971 WEST BENGAL FINAL POPULATION (VILLAGES AND TOWNS) MURSHIDABAD DISTRICT DIRECTORATE OF CENSUS OPERATIONS WEST BENGAL PREFACE The final population totals of 1971 down -to the village level will be presented, along with other demographic data, in the District Census Handbooks. It will be some more months before we can publish the Handbooks for all the districts of the State. At the request of the Government of West Bengal, we are therefore bringing out this special publication in the hope that it will meet, at least partly, the immediate needs of administrators, planners and scholars. 10th February, 1975 Bhaskar Ghose Director of Census Operations West Bengal CONTENTS PAGE MURSHIDABAD DISTRICT Jangipur Subdivision 1 P .. S. Farrakka 3 2 P. S. Shamsherganj 4 3 P. S. Suti 5-6 4 P. S. Raghunathganj 7-8' 5. P. S. Sagardighi 9-1Q. Lalbagh Subdivision 6 P. S. Lalgola II 7 P. S. Bhagwangola 12-13 8 P. S. Raninagar 14--15 9 P. S. Murshidabad 16-17 10 P. S. Jiaganj 18 11 P. S. N abagram 19-20' Kandi Subdivision 12 P. S. Khargram 21-22 13 P. S. Burwan 23-24- 14 P. S. Kandi 25-26 15 P. S. Bharatpur 27-28 Sadar Subdivision 16 P. S. Beldanga 29-3(} 17 P. S. Berhampur 31-33 18 P. S. Hariharpara 34 19 P. S. Nawada 35 20 P. S. Domkal 36 21 P. S. Jalangi 37 3 J.L. Name of Village/ Total Scheduled Scheduled J.L. Name of Village/ Total Scheduled Scheduled No. Town/Ward Population Castes Tribes No.
    [Show full text]
  • Murshidabad Village List
    - DISTRICT - MURSHIDABAD ENGLISH ENGLISH TOTAL 144 - TOTAL - 160 - Ajodhya Nagar (P) Achhoan Andar Manik Aikal Para Arazi Budharpara Akundi Arazi Chhiruti Amrita Muni Arazi Madhupur Andi Bagmara Andulia Bahara Babarpur Bahurul Badda Baikunthapur Badua Bairgachhi Bahara Bairgachhi Kanan Doem Baidyanathpur Balarampur Ballabhpur Balia Danga Bansbere Baliharpur Barutia Baninathpur Barwan Banjetia Baugram Bara Satui Beharkhanda Nabagram Baradaha Belgaon Basabari Belgram Basudebkhali Bhabani Nagar Belia Khari www.bangodarshan.com Bhagulia Benidaspur Bharwan Bezpara Bhastor Bhagabanbati Bichhur Bhatpara Bichkandi Bilchauti Billangal Hata Budharpara Biprasekhar Bundhai Para Bolpara Chak Chandpara Chaitpur Chak Dangapara Chak Palasi Chak Katalia Chawki Chaltia Daspara Char Begpur Debagram Char Bhabanandapur Dewar Char Halalpur Dhanghara Char Harharia Durajjay Palsa Char Khidirpur Ekamba Char Narayanpur Ekgharia Char Panchananpur Ekpaharia Char Sujapur Faridpur Charislampur Fatepur Charmahula Ful Sikhar Chhayghari Gafulia Chhiruti Ghasiara Chhota Garabasa Ghosh Palsa Chhota Satui Golahat www.bangodarshan.com Chumarigacha Gopal Nagar Chutipur Gopipur Dabkai Gouri Nagar Dadpur www.bangodarshan.com Gram Salkia Dakshin Hijal Haldi Daulatabad Hapina Debidaspur Haribati Dhanaipur Hastinapur Diha Hatisala Fate Singdiar Jagannathpur Fatepur Janardanpur Gangadharpur Jaohari Gangaprasad Jhikarhati Ganti Baisnab Charan Jhilera Gar Baharampur (P) Jugaswara Garabasa Kakra Garamgari Kalidaspur Gauripur Kalikapur Gobindapur Kalla Gopjan Kalyanpur Goraipur
    [Show full text]
  • District Handbook Murshidabad
    CENSUS 1951 W.EST BENGAL DISTRICT HANDBOOKS MURSHIDABAD A. MITRA of the Indian Civil Service, Superintendent ot Census OPerations and Joint Development Commissioner, West Bengal ~ted by S. N. Guha Ray, at Sree Saraswaty Press Ltd., 32, Upper Circular Road, Calcutta-9 1953 Price-Indian, Rs. 30; English, £2 6s. 6<1. THE CENSUS PUBLICATIONS The Census Publications for West Bengal, Sikkim and tribes by Sudhansu Kumar Ray, an article by and Chandernagore will consist of the following Professor Kshitishprasad Chattopadhyay, an article volumes. All volumes will be of uniform size, demy on Dbarmapuja by Sri Asutosh Bhattacharyya. quarto 8i" x II!,' :- Appendices of Selections from old authorities like Sherring, Dalton,' Risley, Gait and O'Malley. An Part lA-General Report by A. Mitra, containing the Introduction. 410 pages and eighteen plates. first five chapters of the Report in addition to a Preface, an Introduction, and a bibliography. An Account of Land Management in West Bengal, 609 pages. 1872-1952, by A. Mitra, contajning extracts, ac­ counts and statistics over the SO-year period and Part IB-Vital Statistics, West Bengal, 1941-50 by agricultural statistics compiled at the Census of A. Mitra and P. G. Choudhury, containing a Pre­ 1951, with an Introduction. About 250 pages. face, 60 tables, and several appendices. 75 pages. Fairs and Festivals in West Bengal by A. Mitra, con­ Part IC-Gener.al Report by A. Mitra, containing the taining an account of fairs and festivals classified SubSidiary tables of 1951 and the sixth chapter of by villages, unions, thanas and districts. With a the Report and a note on a Fertility Inquiry con­ foreword and extracts from the laws on the regula­ ducted in 1950.
    [Show full text]
  • Ground Water Prospects
    L E G E N D GROUND WATER PROSPECTS MAP MAP UNIT GEOMORPHIC DEPTH TO RECHARGE G R O U N D W A T E R P R O S P E C T S RECHARGE GEOLOGICAL SEQUENCE / STRUCTURES ROCK TYPE UNIT / LANDFORM WATER LEVEL CONDITIONS ( PREPARED FROM SATELLITE IMAGE INTERPRETATION WITH LIMITED FIELD CHECKS ) ( HYDROGEOMORPHIC SUITABLE & UNIT ) BASED ON TYPE OF WELLS HOMOGENEITY PRE / POST- MONSOON AQUIFER MATERIAL DEPTH RANGE YIELD RANGE QUALITY OF PRIORITY REPRESENTED IN AVAILABILITY SUITABLE IN THE UNIT GROUND (AVERAGE IN METERS) OF WELLS OF WELLS WATER R E M A R K S THE MAP WITH OF WATER & SUCCESS WATER PT = PERCOLATION TANK ( SUGGESTED ) CD ( PROBLEMS / LIMITATIONS ) ALPHANUMERIC CODE ( EXPECTED ) RATE OF WELLS POTABLE (P) IRRIGATED = CHECK DAM NON - POTABLE (NP) AREA NB = NALA BUND NO. OF WELLS ( RAINFALL & OTHER LS = LOOSE SEDIMENTS DW = DUG WELL 3 RW = RECHARGE WELL ( REPRESENTED IN MIN - MAX ( PROBABILITY ) ( REPRESENTED IN OBSERVED SOURCES ) PR = PERMEABLE ROCK RW = RING WELL ( in LPM or m / day) DT = DESILTING OF TANK ( COLOUR INDICATES FIR ( INDICATE REASONS IF ( APPROX . RANGE THE MAP WITH THE MAP WITH = FISSURED ROCK BW = BORE WELL NON POTABLE ) RP = RECHARGE PIT YIELD RANGE AND FR = FRACTURED ROCK ( IN METERS ) IN PERCENTAGE ) Kilometers NUMERIC CODE ) ALPHABETIC CODE ) TW = TUBE WELL VERY HIGH SD = SUBSURFACE DYKE HATCHING INDICATE WR / = WEATHERED ROCK / DBW / = DUG CUM-BORE WELL / HIGH RS = RECHARGE SHAFT DEPTH RANGE) WM WEATHERED MATERIAL DTW DUG CUM-TUBE WELL MODERATE ST = STORAGE TANK 0 1 2 3 4 5 © IR = IMPERIVIOUS ROCK LOW SCM = SOIL CONSERVATION MEASURES SCALE - 1 : 50,000 Groundwater prospects very high RW Channel Bar No Well Observed 5-10 m 400-500 LPM Very High P Nil Not Required with high recharge potential.
    [Show full text]
  • Berhampur 27Thfeb1stmarch2017
    7 6 5 4 3 2 1 1 Sl. No. ASIM KARMAKAR ASIM IDRISH ALI SK BIBI KAHINUR KHATUN ARIRUNA SHYAMAL DAS SHYAMAL ASGAR SK. ASGAR MUSTAFA MD. GOLAM 2 Name of beneficiary MURSHIDABAD NAGAR,BERHAMPUR, MANINDRA MURSHIDABAD BHAIRABPUR, NAGAR, HANUMANTA MURSHIDABAD BELDANGA,HARIKNAGAR, MURSHIBAD BERHUMPUR, BHAGABANBATI, MURSHIDABAD BERHAMPUR, SANTINAGAR, SUNDIPUR, SUNDIPUR, BELDANGA KAPASDANGA, BELDANGA, KAPASDANGA, 3 Complete Address Camp Name: Berhampur, Distributionto 01.03.2017 Date: 27.02.2017 39 61 29 39 56 55 38 4 Age M M F F M M M 5 M/F OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH OTH 6 Caste 1500 1500 1200 1800 1500 1500 1000 7 Income TRICYCLE+AXILLARY TRICYCLE+AXILLARY TRICYCLE+AXILLARY TRICYCLE+ELBOW TRICYCLE+ELBOW CRUTCH II(P) CRUTCH II(P) CRUTCH II(P) CRUTCH II(P) CRUTCH II(P) TRICYCLE TRICYCLE 8 Type of aid(given) 28.02.2017 28.02.2017 28.02.2017 27.02.2017 27.02.2017 27.02.2017 27.02.2017 9 Date on Which (given) 7728 7728 7728 6000 7728 7728 6000 10 Total Cost of aid,including Fabrication/Fitment charges 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 11 Subsidy provided 12 Travel cost paid to outstation 13 Board and lodging expenses 14 Whether any surgical 7728 7728 7728 6000 7728 7728 6000 15 Total of 10+11+12+13 16 No of days for which stayed 17 Whether accomanied by escort 18 Photo of beneficiary* 19 Mobile No. or lan d line number with STD Code** MADHUSHUDAN PORADANGA, KANDI, TRICYCLE+AXILLARY 8 41 M OTH 1800 28.02.2017 7728 100% 7728 NANDI MURSHIDABAD CRUTCH II(P) SARISABAD, KALADANGA, TRICYCLE+AXILLARY 9 MD.
    [Show full text]
  • West Bengal Development Report Pub in 2010.Pdf
    T BENG S A E L W The Core Committee The composition of the Core Committee for preparation of West Bengal State Development Report is as follows: 1 Shri Anwarul Hoda, Member Planning Commission, Government of India Chairman 2 Smt. Jaya Das Gupta, Principal Secretary, Development & Planning Department, Government of West Bengal Member 3 Dr. B.P. Syam Roy, Special Officer and Ex-Officio Special Secretary, Development and Planning Department, Government of West Bengal Member 4 Shri Harish Chandra, Adviser Planning Commission, Government of India Member-Secretary mik/;{k ;kstuk vk;ksx Hkkjr DEPUTY CHAIRMAN PLANNING COMMISSION INDIA ,e. ,l. vkgyqokfy;k MONTEK SINGH AHLUWALIA FOREWORD India has grown at a rate of over 9 per cent for the last three years. Yet, behind this single macro indicator of growth, lie huge inter-state variations in growth rates. This underscores the importance of the fact that economic circumstances and performance of the individual states, is varied, and thus it is necessary to examine development challenges of states in a framework of state specific constraints and resources. One of the important Tenth Plan initiatives of the Planning Commission was to sponsor the preparation of the State Development Reports. To ensure quality, the work was given to National Level Institues of repute. These State Development Reports were to serve as well researched, analysed and credible documents to help chart out the developmental agenda for faster economic growth of states. The West Bengal State Development Report reviews West Bengal's experience and highlights issues critical for the State's development in the years ahead.
    [Show full text]
  • Geo-Analyst , ISSN 2249-2909 July, 2016 54
    Geo-Analyst , ISSN 2249-2909 July, 2016 Spatial variation of fluoride contamination: A field study on the fluoride affected villages of Birbhum district (W.B, India) Priyabrata Mondal* Abstract Fluoride compound (F ̄) is necessary for a certain content to eradicate the dental caries and to strengthen the bones. Fluoride remains in a certain amount in water. According to World Health Organization (WHO, 2002) the normal level of fluoride in underground water is 1.5 mg/L and according to Bureau of Indian Standard (BIS, 2009) the normal level of fluoride in underground water is 1 mg/L. Crossing this limit (1.5 mg/L) fluoride contaminates the water. If the same water is used mainly for drinking purpose then health hazard may occur. This health hazard is known as fluorosis. Person once attacked by this is never cured fully from this. Patients lost their ability to do work. Different districts of West Bengal are suffering from the fluorosis in one or different ways (dental, skeletal and non-skeletal). Birbhum district of West Bengal is one of them. The western part of this district has been affected severely by fluoride contamination in ground water. Consequently, the health of people of study villages has been deteriorated due to fluorosis. Thus their working ability has decreased miserably. But they need to do work for income generation to feed their family members. At the same time people of this region are belonging to the poverty stricken society. In such condition depression in economy is increasing day by day which is again solidifying the base of poverty.
    [Show full text]
  • Sl. No. Name Address Name of the Village / Ward No. Gram Panchayat
    List of Govt. Sponsored Libraries in the district of MURSHIDABAD Block / Name of the Gram Name of the Date / Date / Building Building Building Sl. Panchayat Telephone Type of Name Address Village / Ward Panchayat / District Librarian as on Year of Year of Working hours Own or Kachha or Electrified or No. Samity / No. Lib. No. Ward No. 01.04.09 Estab. Spon. Rented Pacca not Municipality Vill.+ P.O. - Panchthupi Bani Panchthupi Barwan Panchthupi, Dist.: Vill. - 75 Mandir Shahar Gram Panchayat Murshidabad 271729 Ashish Kumar Roy Town 1919 1982 11am - 6 pm Own Kachha Not Electrified Murshidabad, Pin. Panchthupi Granthagar Panchayat Samity - 742161 Vill. + P.O. - Barwan Kharjuna Public Kharjuna, Dist.: Kharjuna Gram Billownath 96 Vill. - Kharjuna Panchayat Murshidabad Rural 1980 1981 12noon -7pm Own Pacca Electrified Library Murshidabad, Pin. Panchayat Pramanick Samity - 742168 Vill. + P.O. - Barwan Sharat Chandra Maliandi, Dist.: Barua Gram 97 Vill. - Maliandi, Panchayat Murshidabad Rural 1980 1981 11am - 6 pm Own Kachha Not Electrified Smriti Pathagar Murshidabad, Pin. Panchayat Samity - 742168 Vill. - Gholla , Beldanga -2 Gholla Kishore P.O. Milky, Dist.: Sompara Gram 5 Vill. - Gholla Panchayat Murshidabad Rural 1950 1981 11am - 6 pm Own Kachha Not Electrified Sangha Rural Library Murshidabad, Pin. Panchayat Samity - 742163 Vill. + P.O. - Beldanga Prasanna Beldanga, Dist.: Beldanga 22 Kumar Main Town Vill. - Beldanga Ward No. 7 Murshidabad 265591 Md. Nabisuddin Town 1920 1982 1pm - 8pm Own Pacca Electrified Murshidabad, Pin. Municipality Library - 742133 Vill. + P.O. - Beldanga Kazisaha Nazrul Kazisaha, Dist.: Begunbari Gram 3 Vill. - Kazisaha Panchayat Murshidabad Rural 1967 1982 11am - 6 pm Own Pacca Not Electrified Library Murshidabad, Pin.
    [Show full text]
  • Overview: Human Rights Situation 2016
    Overview: Human Rights Situation 2016 Human rights are inherent, inalienable, interdependent, and indivisible, meaning they cannot be granted or taken away by none; the rights include civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. Human rights protagonist group like MASUM is constantly monitoring the attacks and infringement over these rights. Like any other years, the previous one; 2016 was also witnessed blatant attacks on rights of the people, dissents and general ethos of human rights. The year was marred by curbing of democratic space of the society by state and non- state actors; the year experienced the diminishing legroom for protests and differences. However, only governments are in a position to put in place the laws and policies necessary for protection of human rights and democracy and in position to regulate private and public practices that impact individuals’ enjoyment of human and democratic rights. Therefore, the governments are the guarantors or violators, of human rights in domestic parlance. When States ratify human rights treaties, they agree to both refrain from violating specific rights and to guarantee enjoyment of those rights by individuals and groups within their jurisdictions. And yet Governments pay lip service to the importance of protecting civilians. The world's politicians have miserably failed to protect those in greatest need. They do have legislation for ensure the laws, of course, but as evident this domestic protections are not enough to stop the human rights abuses. All of this affect enormously on the trust between the minorities and excluded groups communities and the police. Muslims, for example, perceive the police to be communal, biased, and insensitive in part because of the misconduct of some police personnel, especially during communal tensions.
    [Show full text]
  • Final Electoral Roll for Election-2018 U/S 21(A)
    OFFICE OF THE RETURNING OFFICER, FOR THE ELECTION WEST BENGAL DENTAL COUNCIL Purta Bhavan, 3rd Floor, Room No.303, DF-Block, Salt Lake, Sector-I, Kolkata-700091 Phone No.2337-5267 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.wbdc.org.in Final Electoral Roll for Election to be held under clause (a) of section 21 and clause (a) of section 3 of the Dentists Act, 1948 (XVI of 1948), to fill the vacancy in the West Bengal Dental Council and Dental Council of India on the expiration of the term of all the members of this Council. The 2nd July, 2018 The following list of persons (Registered Dentists in Part-A) qualified to vote under clause (a) of section 21 and clause (a) of section 3 of the Dentists Act, 1948 (XVI of 1948), is published as the Final Electoral Roll for the said Election under the Rules 3(3) in the Notification No.Medl/4818/2D-24/50 dated 14th October 1950 framed by the Govt. of West Bengal and Rules 3(4) of Chapter-II in Dental Council (Election) Regulations, 1952 framed by Dental Council of India. It is also notified for general information that the election will be held according to the following Programme :- 1) Last date and hour for receiving Nomination Papers by the Returning 9th July, 2018 (upto 3.00 pm.) Officer in his office at Puta Bhavan, 3rd Floor, Room No.303, DF- Block, Salt Lake, Sector-I, Kolkata-700091 2) Scrutiny of Nomination paper for the election under clause (a) and (b) 12th July, 2018 (at 2.30 pm.) of section 21 by the Returning Officer in his office under Rule 5(1) 3) Scrutiny of Nomination paper for the election under caluse (a) of section 12th July, 2018 (at 3.30 pm.) 3 by the Returning Officer in his office under Rule 9(2) 4) Last date of withdrawal of Nomination paper 16th July, 2018 (at 2.30 pm.) 5) Last date of despatch of Voting papers 10th August, 2018 6) Date of Poll (i.e.
    [Show full text]
  • Ground Water Prospects
    L E G E N D GROUND WATER PROSPECTS MAP GEOMORPHIC DEPTH TO RECHARGE G R O U N D W A T E R P R O S P E C T S RECHARGE MAP UNIT GEOLOGICAL SEQUENCE / STRUCTURES ( PREPARED FROM SATELLITE IMAGE INTERPRETATION WITH LIMITED FIELD CHECKS ) ROCK TYPE UNIT / LANDFORM WATER LEVEL CONDITIONS ( HYDROGEOMORPHIC SUITABLE & BASED ON UNIT ) TYPE OF WELLS HOMOGENEITY PRE / POST- MONSOON AQUIFER MATERIAL DEPTH RANGE YIELD RANGE QUALITY OF PRIORITY AVAILABILITY IN THE UNIT GROUND REPRESENTED IN (AVERAGE IN METERS) SUITABLE OF WELLS WATER OF WATER OF WELLS WATER PT = PERCOLATION TANK R E M A R K S THE MAP WITH & SUCCESS ( SUGGESTED ) POTABLE (P) IRRIGATED CD = CHECK DAM ( PROBLEMS / LIMITATIONS ) ALPHANUMERIC CODE ( EXPECTED ) RATE OF WELLS NON - POTABLE (NP) AREA NB = NALA BUND NO. OF WELLS ( RAINFALL & OTHER LS = LOOSE SEDIMENTS DW = DUG WELL 3 RW = RECHARGE WELL ( REPRESENTED IN MIN - MAX ( PROBABILITY ) ( REPRESENTED IN OBSERVED SOURCES ) PR = PERMEABLE ROCK RW = RING WELL ( in LPM or m / day) DT = DESILTING OF TANK FIR ( INDICATE REASONS IF ( APPROX . RANGE ( COLOUR INDICATES THE MAP WITH THE MAP WITH = FISSURED ROCK BW = BORE WELL NON POTABLE ) RP = RECHARGE PIT FR = FRACTURED ROCK ( IN METERS ) IN PERCENTAGE ) Kilometers YIELD RANGE AND NUMERIC CODE ) ALPHABETIC CODE ) TW = TUBE WELL VERY HIGH SD = SUBSURFACE DYKE WR / = WEATHERED ROCK / HIGH HATCHING INDICATE DBW / = DUG CUM-BORE WELL / RS = RECHARGE SHAFT WM WEATHERED MATERIAL DTW DUG CUM-TUBE WELL MODERATE ST = STORAGE TANK 0 1 2 3 4 5 © DEPTH RANGE) IR = IMPERIVIOUS ROCK LOW SCM = SOIL CONSERVATION MEASURES SCALE - 1 : 50,000 Channel Bar Not Required Groundwater prospects very high No Well Observed 5-10 m 400-500 LPM Very High P Nil MURSHIDABAD DISTRICT, WEST BENGAL CB111 (CB) Excellant MAP SHEET NO.
    [Show full text]