Spring 2021 International Seasonal
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Synergy of Astroparticle Physics and Colliders
Snowmass2021 - Letter of Interest Synergy of astro-particle physics and collider physics Thematic Areas: (check all that apply /) (CF1) Dark Matter: Particle Like (CF2) Dark Matter: Wavelike (CF3) Dark Matter: Cosmic Probes (CF4) Dark Energy and Cosmic Acceleration: The Modern Universe (CF5) Dark Energy and Cosmic Acceleration: Cosmic Dawn and Before (CF6) Dark Energy and Cosmic Acceleration: Complementarity of Probes and New Facilities (CF7) Cosmic Probes of Fundamental Physics (Other) EF06, EF07, NF05, NF06,AF4 Contact Information: Luis A. Anchordoqui (City University of New York) [[email protected]] Authors: Rana Adhikari, Markus Ahlers, Michael Albrow, Roberto Aloisio, Luis A. Anchordoqui, Ignatios Anto- niadis, Vernon Barger, Jose Bellido Caceres, David Berge, Douglas R. Bergman, Mario E. Bertaina, Lorenzo Bonechi, Mauricio Bustamante, Karen S. Caballero-Mora, Antonella Castellina, Lorenzo Cazon, Ruben Conceic¸ao,˜ Giovanni Consolati, Olivier Deligny, Hans P. Dembinski, James B. Dent, Peter B. Denton, Car- ola Dobrigkeit, Caterina Doglioni, Ralph Engel, David d’Enterria, Ke Fang, Glennys R. Farrar, Jonathan L. Feng, Thomas K. Gaisser, Carlos Garc´ıa Canal, Claire Guepin, Francis Halzen, Tao Han, Andreas Haungs, Dan Hooper, Felix Kling, John Krizmanic, Greg Landsberg, Jean-Philippe Lansberg, John G. Learned, Paolo Lipari, Danny Marfatia, Jim Matthews, Thomas McCauley, Hiroaki Menjo, John W. Mitchell, Marco Stein Muzio, Jane M. Nachtman, Angela V. Olinto, Yasar Onel, Sandip Pakvasa, Sergio Palomares-Ruiz, Dan Parson, Thomas C. Paul, Tanguy Pierog, Mario Pimenta, Mary Hall Reno, Markus Roth, Grigory Rubtsov, Takashi Sako, Fred Sarazin, Bangalore Sathyaprakash, Sergio J. Sciutto, Dennis Soldin, Jorge F. Soriano, Todor Stanev, Xerxes Tata, Serap Tilav, Kirsten Tollefson, Diego F. -
Arxiv:1912.08821V2 [Hep-Ph] 27 Jul 2020
MIT-CTP/5157 FERMILAB-PUB-19-628-A A Systematic Study of Hidden Sector Dark Matter: Application to the Gamma-Ray and Antiproton Excesses Dan Hooper,1, 2, 3, ∗ Rebecca K. Leane,4, y Yu-Dai Tsai,1, z Shalma Wegsman,5, x and Samuel J. Witte6, { 1Fermilab, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, IL 60510, USA 2University of Chicago, Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, Chicago, IL 60637, USA 3University of Chicago, Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, Chicago, IL 60637, USA 4Center for Theoretical Physics, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA 5University of Chicago, Department of Physics, Chicago, IL 60637, USA 6Instituto de Fisica Corpuscular (IFIC), CSIC-Universitat de Valencia, Spain (Dated: July 29, 2020) Abstract In hidden sector models, dark matter does not directly couple to the particle content of the Standard Model, strongly suppressing rates at direct detection experiments, while still allowing for large signals from annihilation. In this paper, we conduct an extensive study of hidden sector dark matter, covering a wide range of dark matter spins, mediator spins, interaction diagrams, and annihilation final states, in each case determining whether the annihilations are s-wave (thus enabling efficient annihilation in the universe today). We then go on to consider a variety of portal interactions that allow the hidden sector annihilation products to decay into the Standard Model. We broadly classify constraints from relic density requirements and dwarf spheroidal galaxy observations. In the scenario that the hidden sector was in equilibrium with the Standard Model in the early universe, we place a lower bound on the portal coupling, as well as on the dark matter’s elastic scattering cross section with nuclei. -
W-Boson and Trident Production in Tev--Pev Neutrino Observatories
W -boson and trident production in TeV{PeV neutrino observatories Bei Zhou1, 2, ∗ and John F. Beacom1, 2, 3, y 1Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics (CCAPP), Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 2Department of Physics, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 3Department of Astronomy, Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210 (Dated: February 18, 2020) Detecting TeV{PeV cosmic neutrinos provides crucial tests of neutrino physics and astrophysics. The statistics of IceCube and the larger proposed IceCube-Gen2 demand calculations of neutrino- nucleus interactions subdominant to deep-inelastic scattering, which is mediated by weak-boson couplings to nuclei. The largest such interactions are W -boson and trident production, which are mediated instead through photon couplings to nuclei. In a companion paper [1], we make the most comprehensive and precise calculations of those interactions at high energies. In this paper, we study their phenomenological consequences. We find that: (1) These interactions are dominated by the production of on-shell W -bosons, which carry most of the neutrino energy, (2) The cross section on water/iron can be as large as 7.5%/14% that of charged-current deep-inelastic scattering, much larger than the quoted uncertainty on the latter, (3) Attenuation in Earth is increased by as much as 15%, (4) W -boson production on nuclei exceeds that through the Glashow resonance on electrons by a factor of ' 20 for the best-fit IceCube spectrum, (5) The primary signals are showers that will significantly affect the detection rate in IceCube-Gen2; a small fraction of events give unique signatures that may be detected sooner. -
List of Participants
Next-Generation Techniques for UHE Astroparticle Physics February 29 - March 2, 2016 KICP Workshop, 2016 Chicago, IL http://kicp-workshops.uchicago.edu/uheap2016/ LIST OF PARTICIPANTS http://kicp.uchicago.edu/ http://www.uchicago.edu/ The Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics at the University of Chicago is hosting a workshop this winter on the Next Generation Techniques for Ultra-High Energy (UHE) Astroparticle Physics. The origin of the most energetic particles in the universe could be related to extremely energetic astronomical phenomena or other exotic processes, such as the decay of the super-heavy dark matter in the halo of our galaxy or topological defects created in an early phase of the development of the universe. In order to clarify their origin, it is essential to develop next-generation techniques for detection of their particles by large amounts of statistics. The workshop will address the road map and near-future prospects of cosmic rays and neutrinos above the PeV scale. Included topics are reviews of the latest results, upcoming detectors and techniques, and related theory topics. The anticipated structure is a series of presentations with ample time for discussion and working sessions. Organizing Committee Cosmin Deaconu Toshihiro Fujii Dan Hooper University of Chicago University of Chicago Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics Eric Oberla Angela Olinto Paolo Privitera University of Chicago Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics Abigail Vieregg Kavli Institute for Cosmological -
Constraining Sterile Neutrino Interpretations of the LSND and Miniboone Anomalies with Coherent Neutrino Scattering Experiments
PHYSICAL REVIEW D 101, 075051 (2020) Constraining sterile neutrino interpretations of the LSND and MiniBooNE anomalies with coherent neutrino scattering experiments Carlos Blanco ,1,2 Dan Hooper,2,3,4 and Pedro Machado5 1Department of Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA 2Kavli Institute for Cosmological Physics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA 3Theoretical Astrophysics Group, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA 4Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA 5Theoretical Physics Department, Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory, Batavia, Illinois 60510, USA (Received 14 February 2019; accepted 7 April 2020; published 29 April 2020) We propose to test the light sterile neutrino solution to the Liquid Scintillator Neutrino Detector (LSND) and MiniBooNE anomalies by measuring the coherent elastic scattering rate of neutrinos from a pulsed spallation source. Coherent scattering is universal across all active neutrino flavors, and thus can provide a measurement of the total Standard Model neutrino flux. By performing measurements over different baselines and making use of timing information, it is possible to significantly reduce the systematic uncertainties and to independently measure the fluxes of neutrinos that originate as νμ or as either νe or ν¯μ. We find that a 100 kg CsI detector would be sensitive to a large fraction of the sterile neutrino parameter space that could potentially account for the LSND and MiniBooNE anomalies. DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.101.075051 I. INTRODUCTION Together, these anomalies appear to point to the exist- A large number of neutrino oscillation experiments ence of a sterile neutrino with a mass near the electronvolt carried out over the past two decades have lead to the scale. -
Dark Radiation and Dark Matter from Primordial Black Holes
DARK RADIATION AND DARK MATTER FROM PRIMORDIAL BLACK HOLES Dan Hooper – Fermilab and the University of Chicago Next Frontiers in the Search for Dark Matter, GGI September 26, 2019 Dan Hooper – Dark Radiation & Dark Matter from PBHs This talk is based on Dark Radiation and Superheavy Dark Matter from Black Hole Domination With Gordan Krnjaic and Sam McDermott, JHEP 1908 (2019) 001, arXiv:1905.01301 For related work, see Morrison and Profumo, arXiv:1812.10606 and Lennon et al, arXiv:1712.07664 Dan Hooper – Dark Radiation & Dark Matter from PBHs Was the Early Universe Dominated by Black Holes? § Inhomogeneities in the early universe can led to the formation of primordial black holes § Very roughly, we expect the mass of these black holes to be similar to the energy enclosed within the horizon at or near the end of inflation: § In this mass range, black holes evaporate very rapidly, disappearing well before BBN § If even a small fraction of the energy density after inflation was in the form of black holes, this fraction would grow as the universe expands -3 (black holes evolve as matter, �BH � a , rather -4 than radiation, �rad � a ); § From this perspective, it is well-motivated to consider scenarios in which the early universe included an era in which the energy density was dominated by black holes Dan Hooper – Dark Radiation & Dark Matter from PBHs Was the Early Universe Dominated by Black Holes? § Quantitatively, the density of black holes will ultimately exceed the energy density in SM radiation (before the black holes evaporate) if the -
Physical Review D
PERIODICALS PHYSICAL REVIEW D Postmaster send address changes to: For editorial and subscription correspondence, PHYSICAL REVIEW D please see inside front cover APS Subscription Services (ISSN: 1550-7998) Suite 1NO1 2 Huntington Quadrangle Melville, NY 11747-4502 THIRD SERIES, VOLUME 72, NUMBER 6 CONTENTS D15 SEPTEMBER 2005 RAPID COMMUNICATIONS Dark matter annihilation: The origin of cosmic gamma-ray background at 1–20 MeV (5 pages) . 061301 Kyungjin Ahn and Eiichiro Komatsu Determination of the deceleration parameter from supernovae data (5 pages) . 061302 J.-M. Virey, P. Taxil, A. Tilquin, A. Ealet, C. Tao, and D. Fouchez Exactly solvable model of a wormhole supported by phantom energy (3 pages) . 061303 O. B. Zaslavskii Going nonlinear with dark energy cosmologies (3 pages) . 061304 Eric V. Linder and Martin White Modified gravity and the stability of de Sitter space (5 pages) . 061501 Valerio Faraoni Classification of cohomogeneity-one strings (4 pages) . 061701 Hideki Ishihara and Hiroshi Kozaki Anti-D-brane as dark matter in warped string compactification (5 pages) . 061901 Shinji Mukohyama Supersymmetry breaking at the end of a cascade of Seiberg dualities (5 pages) . 061902 M. Bertolini, F. Bigazzi, and A. L. Cotrone ARTICLES Upper limits on gravitational wave bursts in LIGO’s second science run (25 pages) . 062001 B. Abbott et al. (The LIGO Scientific Collaboration) Analysis of the SN 1987A neutrinos with a flexible spectral shape (6 pages) . 063001 Alessandro Mirizzi and Georg G. Raffelt Non-Gaussianity from cosmic magnetic fields (15 pages) . 063002 Iain Brown and Robert Crittenden Joint constraints on the lepton asymmetry of the Universe and neutrino mass from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe (11 pages) ................................................................. -
Manipulating Wild and Tamed Phytobiomes: Challenges and Opportunities Terrence H
Masthead Logo Plant Pathology Presentations and Posters Plant Pathology and Microbiology 3-13-2019 Manipulating Wild and Tamed Phytobiomes: Challenges and Opportunities Terrence H. Bell The Pennsylvania State University Gwyn A. Beattie Iowa State University, [email protected] Kurt P. Kowalski U.S. Geological Survey Amy T. Welty Iowa State University, [email protected] et al. Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/plantpath_conf Part of the Agriculture Commons, Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, and the Plant Sciences Commons The ompc lete bibliographic information for this item can be found at https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ plantpath_conf/7. For information on how to cite this item, please visit http://lib.dr.iastate.edu/ howtocite.html. This Conference Proceeding is brought to you for free and open access by the Plant Pathology and Microbiology at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Plant Pathology Presentations and Posters by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Manipulating Wild and Tamed Phytobiomes: Challenges and Opportunities Abstract This white paper presents a series of perspectives on current and future phytobiome management, discussed at the Wild and Tamed Phytobiomes Symposium in University Park, PA, USA, in June 2018. To enhance plant productivity and health, and to translate lab- and greenhouse-based phytobiome research to field applications, the academic community and end-users need to address a variety of scientific, practical, and social challenges. Prior discussion of phytobiomes has focused heavily on plant-associated bacterial and fungal assemblages, but the phytobiomes concept covers all factors that influence plant function. -
Jan. 24, 1970 – Mike Bloomfield & Nick Gravenites
Jan. 24, 1970 – Mike Bloomfield & Nick Gravenites – 750 Vallejo In North Beach, SF “The Jam” Mike Bloomfield and friends at Fillmore West - January 30-31-Feb. 1-2, 1970? Feb. 11, 1970 -- Fillmore West -- Benefit for Magic Sam featuring: Butterfield Blues Band / Mike Bloomfield & Friends / Elvin Bishop Group / Charlie Musselwhite / Nick Gravenites Feb. 28, 1970 – Mike Bloomfield, Keystone Korner, SF March 19, 1970 – Elvin Bishop Group plays Keystone Korner , SF Bloomfield was supposed to show for a jam. Did he? March 27,28, 1970 – Mike Bloomfield and Nick Gravenites, Keystone Korner ***** MICHAEL BLOOMFIELD AND FRIENDS 1970. Feb. 27. Eagles Auditorium, Seattle 1. “Wine” (8.00) This is the encore from Seattle added on the bootleg as a “filler”! The rest is from Long Beach Auditorium Apr. 8, 1971. 1970 1 – CDR “JAMES COTTON W/MIKE BLOOMFIELD AND FRIENDS” Bootleg 578 ***** JANIS JOPLIN AND THE BUTTERFIELD BLUES BAND 1970. Mar. 28. Columbia Studio D, Hollywood, CA Janis Joplin, vocals - Paul Butterfield, hca - Mike Bloomfield, guitar - Mark Naftalin, organ - Rod Hicks, bass - George Davidson, drums - Gene Dinwiddle, soprano sax, tenor sax - Trevor Lawrence, baritone sax - Steve Madaio, trumpet 1. “One Night Stand” (Version 1) (3.01) 2. “One Night Stand” (Version 2) wrong speed 1982 1 – LP “FAREWELL SONG” CBS 32793 (NL) 1992 1 – CD “FAREWELL SONG” COLUMBIA 484458 2 (US) ?? 2 – CD-3 BOX SET CBS ***** SAM LAY 1970 Producer Nick Gravenites (and Michael Bloomfield) Sam Lay, dr, vocals - Michael Bloomfield, guitar - Bob Jones, dr – bass ? – hca ? – piano ? – organ ? Probably all of The Butterfield Blues Band is playing. Mark Naftalin, Barry Goldberg, Paul Butterfield 1. -
Rapid Discovery of Novel Prophages Using Biological Feature Engineering and Machine Learning
bioRxiv preprint doi: https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.09.243022; this version posted August 10, 2020. The copyright holder for this preprint (which was not certified by peer review) is the author/funder, who has granted bioRxiv a license to display the preprint in perpetuity. It is made available under aCC-BY 4.0 International license. Rapid discovery of novel prophages using biological feature engineering and machine learning Kimmo Sirén1, Andrew Millard5, Bent Petersen1,2, M Thomas P Gilbert1,3,4, Martha RJ Clokie5 and Thomas Sicheritz-Pontén1,2* 1. Section for Evolutionary Genomics, The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark 2. Centre of Excellence for Omics-Driven Computational Biodiscovery, AIMST University, Kedah, Malaysia 3. Center for Evolutionary Hologenomics, The GLOBE Institute, University of Copenhagen, Denmark 4. University Museum, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway 5. Department of Genetics and Genome Biology, University of Leicester, Leicester * To whom correspondence should be addressed. Tel: +46 706572471; Email: [email protected] ABSTRACT Prophages are phages that are integrated into bacterial genomes and which are key to understanding many aspects of bacterial biology. Their extreme diversity means they are challenging to detect using sequence similarity, yet this remains the paradigm and thus many phages remain unidentified. We present a novel, fast and generalizing machine learning method based on feature space to facilitate novel prophage discovery. To validate the approach, we reanalyzed publicly available marine viromes and single-cell genomes using our feature-based approaches and found consistently more phages than were detected using current state-of-the-art tools while being notably faster. -
What Is an Instrument?
What is an instrument? • Anything with which we can make music…? • Rhythm, melody, chords, • Pitched or un-pitched sounds… • Narrow definitions vs. Extremely broad definitions Tone Colour or Timbre (pronounced TAM-ber) • Refers to the sound of a note or pitch – Not the highness or lowness of the pitch itself • Different instruments have different timbres – We use words like smooth, rough, sweet, dark – Ineffable? Range • Instruments and voices have a range of notes they can play or sing – Demo guitar and voice • Lowest to highest sounds • Ways to push beyond the standard range Five Categories of Musical Instruments Classification system devised in India in the 3rd or 4th century B.C. 1. Aerophones • Wind instruments, anything using air 2. Chordophones • Stringed instruments 3. Membranophones • Drums with heads 4. Idiophones • Non-drum percussion 5. Electrophones • Electronic sounds 1. Aerophones • Wind instruments, anything using air • Aerophones are generally either: • Woodwind (Doesn’t have to be wood i.e. flute) • Reed (Small piece of wood i.e. saxophone) • Brass (Lip vibration i.e. trumpet) Flute • Woodwind family • At least 30,000 years old (bone) Ex: Claude Debussy – “Syrinx” (1913) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=C_yf7FIyu1Y Ex: Jurassic 5 – “Flute Loop” (2000) Ex: Van Morrison – “Moondance” (1970) (chorus) Ex: Gil Scott-Heron – “The Bottle” (1974) Ex: Anchorman “Jazz Flute”(0:55) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Dh95taIdCo0 Bass Flute • One octave lower than a regular flute Ex: Overture from The Jungle Bookhttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UUH42ciR5SA • Other related instruments: • Piccolo (one octave higher than a flute) • Pan flutes • Bone or wooden flutes Accordion • Modern accordion: early 19th C. -
Genome Evolution of Coral Reef Symbionts As Intracellular Residents
Trends in Ecology & Evolution Opinion Genome Evolution of Coral Reef Symbionts as Intracellular Residents Raúl A. González-Pech,1,@ Debashish Bhattacharya,2 Mark A. Ragan,1 and Cheong Xin Chan ,1,3,4,*,@ Coral reefs are sustained by symbioses between corals and symbiodiniacean di- Highlights noflagellates. These symbioses vary in the extent of their permanence in and Coral reefs are sustained by long-term specificity to the host. Although dinoflagellates are primarily free-living, symbiosis between coral animals Symbiodiniaceae diversified mainly as symbiotic lineages. Their genomes reveal and dinoflagellate algae of the family Symbiodiniaceae. conserved symbiosis-related gene functions and high sequence divergence. However, the evolutionary mechanisms that underpin the transition from the Genomic studies have shed light free-living lifestyle to symbiosis remain poorly understood. Here, we discuss on the molecular basis of the coral– fl the genome evolution of Symbiodiniaceae in diverse ecological niches across dino agellate symbiosis. the broad spectrum of symbiotic associations, from free-living to putative Evolutionary mechanisms that underpin obligate symbionts. We pose key questions regarding genome evolution vis-à- the transition of dinoflagellates in the vis the transition of dinoflagellates from free-living to symbiotic and propose family Symbiodiniaceae from free-living strategies for future research to better understand coral–dinoflagellate and to symbiotic remain largely unknown. other eukaryote–eukaryote symbioses. Symbiodiniacean dinoflagellates are ex- pected to share common evolutionary trajectories with other intracellular symbi- Symbiodiniaceae: Critical Symbionts of Coral Reefs onts and parasites. fl Dino agellates of the family Symbiodiniaceae are the most prevalent photosynthetic symbionts in Comparison of the genome features of tropical and subtropical coral reef ecosystems.