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Home , Kerosene, Petroleum product, White spirit

LIST OF COMMONLY ENCOUNTERED AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS1

May 11, 2006 PETROLEUM OR PETROLEUM TYPE GRADE SYNONYMS USES COMMENTS PRODUCT GROUP1 Crude is converted at the to petroleum products that Crude oil is unrefined oil. The of crude oil varies from a light Crude Oil1 Petroleum are later used for and non-fuel volatile fluid to a very viscous fluid that is difficult to pour. applications. Used as a fuel and as a raw Natural Gas1 material for creating A gaseous mixture of that primarily consist of . . Regular MTBE is an oxygenate additive that is blended (15% or less by Unleaded Midgrade Plus volume) with unleaded gasoline. Unleaded gasoline also contains numerous other additives such as detergents and rust inhibitors. Premium Super, Supreme, Ultimate Leaded motor gasoline use has been discontinued in the . Common additives include: tetraethyl and tetramethyl lead, 1, Leaded Gasoline and equipment fuel Motor Gasoline for spark-ignition internal 2-dicloroethane (also called dichloride or EDC), and 1,2- combustion engines. dibromoethane (also called ethylene dibromide or EDB). Gasohol consists of a blend of 10% or less by volume of Gasohol Gasoline-Alcohol Blend (generally , but sometimes ) and unleaded gasoline. The alcohol serves as an oxygenate additive replacement for MTBE. Ethanol (E85) consists of a blend of 85% by volume of ethanol and Ethanol (E85) Grain Alcohol, Ethyl Alcohol 15% by volume of unleaded gasoline. 80 Aviation gasoline is a leaded fuel that is in current use today. AVGAS Aviation Airplane fuel for spark-ignition AVGAS AVGAS 100 100LL is the most commonly used grade and is a lower-lead content Gasoline internal combustion engines. AVGAS 100LL version of AVGAS 100. White gas is similar to unleaded gasoline, but white gas does not Camp Fuel, Stove Fuel, Portable camp stoves and White Gas contain any of the additives that are present in unleaded gasoline. It Fuel . is a clean burning gasoline fuel. (non-jet No. 1K (low ) Primarily used for heating and for No. 1K does not need a flue for burning. Kerosene2 No. 12 fuel) No. 2K (high sulfur) stoves. No. 2 K requires a flue for burning. JP-5 JP-6 Kerosene-Based Jet JP-7 JP stands for jet propulsion. Jet A, Jet A-1, and Jet B are commercial- Fuel JP-8 Commercial and military turbojet grade . Jet A is the primary commercial and general aviation jet Aviation Turbine Fuel Jet A and turboprop engines. fuel that is used in the United States. JP-4 through JP-8 are military- grade jet fuels. Jet A-1 -Based Jet JP-4 Fuel Jet B

Page 1 of 6 LIST OF COMMONLY ENCOUNTERED PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS1

May 11, 2006

PETROLEUM OR PETROLEUM TYPE GRADE SYNONYMS USES COMMENTS PRODUCT GROUP1 Diesel No. 1 (low High speed diesel engines No.1 sulfur) operated under frequent speed Consists of a blend of kerosene and diesel fuel no. 2. Diesel No.1 (high and load changes (i.e., city buses). sulfur) Distillate Diesel No. 2 (low Automotive Diesel, On- A middle distillate used primarily by motor vehicles for on-highway 3 Diesel Fuel sulfur) Road Diesel High speed diesel engines use. Diesel Fuel No. 2 operated under uniform speeds Diesel No. 2 (high Off-Road Diesel, Farm and loads (i.e., cars and trucks). Used by off-road vehicles such as construction and farm vehicles. sulfur) Diesel, Red Diesel

Non-automotive applications for Distillate Marine Diesel Fuel, low- to medium-speed diesel Diesel Fuel or Distillate Marine Diesel engines under constant speeds a Light Diesel Fuel No. 4 A heavy distillate or a blend of distillate and residual oil. Fuel, Diesel Fuel No. 4-D, and loads. Railroad diesel. Also Residual Railroad Diesel used for large, low-speed ship Diesel Fuel3 propulsion engines. Fuel Oil No. 1 (low A middle distillate fuel. It is intended for use in vaporizing type sulfur) Primarily used for heating and for Fuel Oil No. 12 Kerosene2 burners (oil is converted to a vapor upon contact with a heated Fuel Oil No. 1 (high stoves. Distillate Fuel sulfur) surface or radiation). 3 Fuel Oil No. 2 (low Oil Primarily used for domestic A middle distillate fuel that is slightly heavier than no. 1 fuel oil. It is sulfur) Fuel Oil No. 2 Fuel Oil No. 2 (high Home heating and for medium-sized intended for use in atomizing type burners (oil is sprayed into droplets sulfur) industrial/commercial burners. into a chamber and burn while in suspension).

Heavy Light Fuel Oil No. 4 A heavy distillate fuel or a distillate/residual oil blend. Distillate or Primarily used for Fuel Oil No. 4 Light Residual Fuel Light Residual industrial/commercial burners. 3 Usually a heavy distillate/residual fuel oil blend, but also can be a Fuel Oil Heavy Fuel Oil No. 4 heavy distillate fuel.

Page 2 of 6 LIST OF COMMONLY ENCOUNTERED PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS1

May 11, 2006 PETROLEUM OR PETROLEUM TYPE GRADE SYNONYMS USES COMMENTS PRODUCT GROUP1 For commercial/industrial burners that are capable of burning fuel more viscous than fuel oil no. 4 Light Fuel Oil No. 5 Light fuel oil no. 5 is a residual fuel of intermediate viscosity. without preheating. Also used for Bunker B, Navy Special, 5 Fuel Oil No. 54 marine bunkering and by power Heating Oil No. 5 plants. Use is similar to light fuel oil no. 5, Residual Fuel except that preheating is Oil Heavy Fuel Oil No. 5 Heavy fuel oil no. 5 is more viscous than light fuel oil no. 5. necessary in some burner types and in cold climates. Used mostly in large-size commercial and industrial heating. Bunker C, Grade 6, Heating Heavyweight residual fuel that is a high viscosity oil. It is difficult to Fuel Oil No. 64 Also used in power plants to Oil No. 6, Black Oil pump and requires preheating prior to use. generate electricity and for marine bunkering5. Waste Oil, Spent Oil, Used Recycled used oil may be utilized Used Oil Used oil is defined in Rule 62-770.200(64), FAC. Crankcase Oil as a fuel. Oil/Water Recycled oil/water separator Oil/water separators are liquid trap systems that are designed to Separator Liquid Trap Petroleum petroleum may be utilized as a separate the liquid petroleum fraction and to temporarily store the Petroleum fuel. petroleum. Lubricating automotive manual Gear Oil Manual Transmission Oil transmissions and transaxles. Automatic Lubricating automatic Transmission Fluid ATF transmissions. Lubricating or Automotive power steering Applies only to gear , automatic transmission fluids, power Mineral Oils Power Steering Fluid Various systems. steering fluids, brake fluids, motor oils, and hydraulic oils that contain (Automotive 7 Automotive disc or drum braking petroleum distillates. Applications) Hydraulic Brake Fluid systems. Engine Oil Automotive engine oil . Used in hydraulic lift systems at Hydraulic Oil Hydraulic Lift Oil service station repair facilities.

Page 3 of 6 LIST OF COMMONLY ENCOUNTERED PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS1

May 11, 2006 PETROLEUM OR PETROLEUM TYPE GRADE SYNONYMS USES COMMENTS PRODUCT GROUP1 Penetrating Oil, Bar and Specialty Oils Chain oil, etc. Transformer Oil, Circuit Electrical Oils Breaker Oil, etc. Lubricating or Mineral Seal Oil, Textile Oil, Mineral Oils Chemical and Rubber Process Oils Applies to all other lubricating or mineral oils that are not specified (Non- Various Oil, etc. Various above under the Lubricating or Mineral Oils (Automotive Application) Automotive Spindle Oil, General product group. Applications)7 General Lubricant Machine Oil, Railroad Diesel Oils Oil, Steam Cylinder Oil, etc. Quenching Oils, Cutting Metalworking Oils Oils, etc. Miscellaneous Oils and Road Oils are used Asphalt and Bitumen, Asphaltene for paving, roofing, and Asphalt and road oils are very heavy petroleum oils. Road Oils4 waterproofing. , , , Used for the manufacturing of non- Chemical feedstocks (inputs) that are used by industry and are Naphthalene, fuel products such as chemicals, Feedstocks4 derived from petroleum products. Ethylene, Propylene, synthetic rubber, and . Butadiene, etc. Principal Gases ( and The major non-fuel use is as ) inputs (feedstocks) for the Liquified petrochemical industry. Fuel uses Gaseous hydrocarbons that have been liquified and stored in tanks Petroleum Other Gases LPGs 4 (Ethane, Ethylene, include domestic heating, cooking, for use as a fuel. Gases Propylene, Butylene, and as alternative to gasoline for Isobutane, internal combustion engines. Isobutylene, etc.)

Page 4 of 6 LIST OF COMMONLY ENCOUNTERED PETROLEUM AND PETROLEUM PRODUCTS1

May 11, 2006

PETROLEUM TYPE GRADE SYNONYMS USES COMMENTS GROUP1 Rubber Solvent, Lacquer Industrial Spirit (SBP , Benzine, Special Main use is in the rubber industry or Special Boiling Naphtholite, Petroleum for tires. Also used in cements Point) Benzine and Ether, etc. and adhesives. Stoddard Solvent, Safety Solvent, Uses include , , Naphthal Safety Solvent, thinners, photocopier toners, Spotting Naphtha, High and adhesives, dry cleaning solvent, Mineral Spirits generally consist of various that are derived Low Aromatic White Spirits, and a general cleaner and 8 from refined petroleum-based products. Mineral Spirits are Mineral Spirits Mineral , Solvent degreaser. sometimes referred to as Special or Petroleum Solvents. naphtha, etc.

Caromax, Shellsol A-150, Uses include paint thinners, fuel High Boiling Benzene, Toluene, Xylenes, additives, cleaners, printing inks, Aromatic Solvents etc. rubber and .

NON- PETROLEUM TYPE GRADE SYNONYMS USES COMMENTS PRODUCT GROUP1

Consists of various chemicals that are stored either at manufacturing Techron, Techroline, Used for cleaning the fuel injectors Injection Cleaners sites, oil , oil terminals, or other bulk storage facilities. etc. in automobiles. Tanks at oil terminals are sometimes labeled as "Exxon Additive", "Techron", etc. The additives are blended with the gasoline at the Additives Not Additive typically used for older refinery or at the terminals before it is delivered to the station. If Blended With Lead substitutes vehicles that require leaded the additives have already been blended into the gasoline or the fuel Petroleum gasoline. oil, then the cleanup of the gasoline or the fuel oil discharge is Products regulated by Chapter 62-770, F.A.C. If the additives have not been blended into the gasoline or the fuel oil, then the discharge of the Uses include home heating oil and additive should be regulated by Hazardous Waste rule (Chapter 62- Fuel Oil Treatments treatments. 730, F.A.C.) or by the Contaminated Site Cleanup Criteria rule (Chapter 62-780, F.A.C.).

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May 11, 2006

FOOTNOTES

1 Section 376.301(30), F.S., defines "petroleum" as all crude oil that is produced at the well in liquid form and , and all other hydrocarbons. Section 376.301(31), F.S., defines "" as "any commodity made from petroleum" and specifically excludes as petroleum products liquified petroleum gas, no. 5 and no. 6 residual oils, bunker C residual oils (bunker C and fuel oil no. 6 are synonymous), intermediate fuel oils used for marine bunkering with a viscosity of 30 and higher, asphalt oils, and petrochemical feedstocks. All of the petroleum products listed in this table can be classified as petroleum, but only the petroleum substances that can be used for fuel and are not specifically excluded from the petroleum product definition in Section 376.301(31), F.S. can be classified as petroleum products. Additives not blended with petroleum products and mineral spirits are also listed in this table to clarify that they are classified as petroleum solvents (mineral spirits) or as non-petroleum derivatives (additives not blended with petroleum products).

2 Kerosene and fuel oil no. 1 are sometimes listed in the literature as being synonymous. Other sources list kerosene as a type of fuel oil no. 1. 3 The terms "diesel fuel" and "fuel oil" are often used interchangeably for diesel fuel no.1, no. 2, and no. 4 and fuel oil no. 1, no. 2, and no. 4. The term "diesel fuel" is most often used when referring to fuel for diesel engines. The term "fuel oil" is most often used when referring to fuel used for heating purposes. For example, diesel fuel no. 2 and fuel oil no. 2 are very similar in physical and chemical respects. The main differences between diesel fuel no. 2 and fuel oil no. 2 are the intended use of the two petroleum products and the additives that are added to each product for the particular use. can contain no petroleum or it can consist of a blend of petroleum and fatty acids derived from the refining of vegetable oils. Biodiesel that does not contain any petroleum (biodiesel B100), is not considered a petroleum product. Biodiesel that contains any petroleum (i.e., biodiesel B20, which contains 20% biodiesel and 80% petroleum diesel) is considered a petroleum product.

4 Section 376.301(31), F.S., specifically excludes liquified petroleum gas, no. 5 and no. 6 residual oils, bunker C residual oils (bunker C is synonymous with fuel oil no. 6), intermediate fuel oils used for marine bunkering5 with a viscosity of 30 and higher6, asphalt oils, and petrochemical feedstocks in the definition of petroleum products.

5 Bunkering is the process of refueling the fuel tanks (bunkers) on marine ships.

6 The of the fuel oils have a wide range and will vary based on temperature and the degree of blending. Blending of heavy fuel oil with lighter fuel oils is often performed by the refiner to change the viscosity of the oil. This makes it easier to handle for transport and delivery to the user.

7 The general terms "lubricating oil" and "" are often used interchangeably by industry.

8 Mineral spirits consist of a variety of products that are often used as solvents. Section 206.9925(6), F.S., includes mineral spirits as one of the group of organic compounds that are listed in the definition of solvents. In Section 376.301(31), F.S., mineral spirits are not specifically excluded from the definition of a petroleum product; however, Section 376.3071(4)(o), F.S., states that solvent contamination is not eligible for funding under the Inland Protection Trust Fund. Depending on the particular type and use, mineral spirits should be regulated by either the Drycleaning Solvent Cleanup Criteria rule (Chapter 62-782, F.A.C.), the Hazardous Waste rule (Chapter 62-730, F.A.C.), or by the Contaminated Site Cleanup Criteria rule (Chapter 62-780, F.A.C.).

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