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American Mineralogist, Volume 81, pages 516-520, 1996 NEW MINERAL NAMES* JOHN L. JAMBOR,l NIKOLAI N. PERTSEV,2 ANDANDREW C. ROBERTS3 ID2epartment of Earth Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3Gl, Canada I?REM ~N, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 10917, Staromonetnii 35, Russia Geological Survey of Canada, 601 Booth Street, Ottawa, Ontario KIA OGl, Canada Altisite* Chengdeite* AP. Khomyakov, G.H. Nechelyustov, G. Ferraris, G. Zuxiang Yu (1995) Chengdeite-ordered natural iron- Ivaldi (1995) Altisite Na3K,;Ti2A12Sis026C13,a new iridium alloy. Acta Geol. Sinica, 69(3) 215-220 (in mineral. Zapiski Vseross. Mineral. Obshch., 123(6),90- Chinese, English abs.). ' 95 (in Russian). G. Ferraris, G. Ivaldi, AP. Khomyakov (1995) Altisite The mean and range of 13 electron microprobe anal- Na3K,;Ti2[A12Sis026]C13a new hyperalkaline alumino- yses gave Fe 7.9 (6.4-8.4), Ni 0.03 (0.00-0.08), Co 0.03 silicate from Kola Peninsula (Russia) related to le- (0.00-0.08), Cu 0.83 (0.76-0.91), Rh 0.19 (0.07-0.34), moynite: Crystal structure and thermal evolution. Eur. Pd 0.00 (0.00-0.04), Os 0.06 (0.00-0.22), Ir 88.5 (86.5- J. Mineral., 7, 537-546. 92.3), Pt 2.2 (0.1-3.6), S 0.001 (0.000-0.008), As 0.02 The mineral occurs as irregular, colorless grains to 3 ~0.00-0.15), sum 99.76 (99.30-100.06) wt%, correspond- mm in pegmatite in the southeastern part of the Khibiny mg to (Ir 2.926Plo.o72Rho.o120so.oo2)~3.o12 (Feo.s99CUo.os3Nio.oo3- massif, Kola Peninsula, Russia. Electron microprobe CUo.003)~O.9SS'ideally Ir3Fe. Occurs as grains to 0.5 mm analysis of three grains gave Na20 9.3, K20 20.7, BaO associated with inaglyite, to 0.5 mm in graphic inter- 1.0, Al203 8.7, Si02 40.3, Zr02 0.1, Ti02 13.1, Nb20S 0.5, growths with iridium, and to 20 /-Lmin association with C18.6,0 Cl1.9, sum 100.4 wt%, corresponding to Na3- (Fe,Ni,Cu)2IrS3' Steel-black color, metallic luster, black == streak, H = 5, VHNso = 452 (411-467), malleable, strongly (Ks.23 Na0.57 Bao.os) (Ti1.9s Nbo.o4 ZrO.01) A12.o3 Si7.9s 026.10 C12.s9. magnetic, Deale Vitreous luster, H = 6, conchoidal fracture, no cleavage, = 19.19 glcm3for Z = 1. Bright white with a yellowish tint in reflected light, no bireflectance or nonfluorescent, unreactive with 10% HCl or HN03 at pleochroism, isotropic. Reflectance percentages (WTiC room temperature, Dme.. = 2.64(2), Deale= 2.67 glcm3 for 1.601(2), (1 standard, air) are given in 10 nm steps from 400 to 700 Z = 2. Optically biaxial positive, a = = nm; representative values are 61.7 (400), 66.2 (470), 69.1 1.625(2), 1.654(2), 2 Vmeas= 85(1), 2 l' = v"ale= 86°. The (540),69.5 (550), 71.1 (590), 72.5 (650), and 72.8 (700). IR spectrum has strong absorption effects at 488, 520, Strongest lines of the X-ray powder pattern (FeKa radi- 577,590,930, and 995 cm-I. TGA showed steps at 250- ation) are 2.18(80, Ill), 1.89(60,200), 1.34(70,220), 300 and 800-900 °C, with total loss 2.5 wt% to 1000°C. 1.142(100,311), and 1.094 A (80,222); by analogy with Turns bright light blue on heating to 600°C, without isoferroplatinum, which is the Pt analog, cubic symme- change in optical or X-ray properties. Single-crystal X-ray try, space group Pm3m, a = 3.792(5). structure study (R = 0.025) showed monoclinic symme- try, space group C2/m; a = 10.37(1), b = 16.32(3), c = The new mineral is associated with other PGM in plac- er concentrates from a branch of the Luanhe River in 9.16(2) A, {1 = 105.6(2t from an X-ray powder pattern Chengde County (hence the new name), about 200 km (114 mm camera, FeKa radiation) with strongest lines of NNE of Beijing; also reported to occur in chromite ore 8.22(71 ,~20):... 3.50(42,221,222), 3.049(100,132,512), in ultramafic rocks. Type material is in the Geological 2.900(71,331,203), and 2.835(84,151). The structure is Museum of China, Beijing. J.L.J. similar to that of lemoynite. The mineral occurs mainly in interstices among pec- tolite grains in pegmatite intersected in an exploratory Frankhawthorneite* drillhole. The pegmatite contains sodalite, nepheline, po- tassium feldspar, pectolite, aegirine, shcherbakovite, ti- AC. Roberts, J.D. Grice, AJ. Criddle, M.C. Jensen, D.C. naksite, arfvedsonite, nefedovite, villiaumite, natrite, and Harris, E.A Moffatt (1995) Frankhawthorneite, Cu2Te6+04(OH)2,a new mineral species from the Cen- rasvumite. The new name alludes to the composition (Al- tennial Eureka mine, Tinctic district, Juab County, Ti-Si). Type material is in the Fersman Mineralogical Utah. Can. Mineral., 33, 641-647. Museum, Moscow, Russia, and in the Regional Museum J.D. Grice, AC. Roberts (1995) Frankhawthorneite a of Natural History, Turin, Italy. N.N.P. unique HCP framework structure of a cupric tellur~te. Can. Mineral., 33, 649-653. The mineral occurs as elongate, green crystals, up to * Before publication, minerals marked with an asterisk were approved by the Commission on New Minerals and Mineral 0.1 mm long, isolated or as groups on drusy quartz in Names, International Mineralogical Association. vugs in waste rock from the Centennial Eureka mine, 0003-004X/96/0304-0516$05.00 516 JAMBOR ET AL.: NEW MINERAL NAMES 517 which ceased production in 1927. Crystals are subhedral (482), 7.1, 6.3 (545), 6.7, 5.8 (589), and 6.6, 5.5 (659). to euhedral, prismatic to stubby bladed, elongate [001], Electron microprobe analysis (mean of six) ~.we CuO showing {OlO}and minor possible {l00} and {Oll}. Leaf- 13.91, Bi203 86.00, sum 99.91 wt%, corresponding to green color, green streak, transparent, vitreous luster, CUo.96oBi2.o2704'Single-crystal X-ray study indicated te- brittle, uneven fracture, nonfluorescent, H = 3-4, Deale= tragonal symmetry, space group P4/ncc, a = 8.511(2), c 5.43 g/cm3 for Z = 2. Pale gray in reflected light, weakly = 5.823(2) A, in good agreement with data for the syn- bireflectant, nonp1eochroic, mean nc&c= 2.00. Electron thetic analog. Strongest lines of the powder pattern are microprobe analysis (average of five) gave CuO 45.20, 4.26(17,200),3.191(100,211),2.913(16,002),2.695(18, Te03 48.77, H20 (calc.) 5.05, sum 99.02 wt%, corre- 310),2.404(13,202), and 1.947(18,411). sponding to CU2.03Te8.t904oo(OH)z. The presence of OH The host calcite vein occurs along the boundary be- was confirmed by IR spectroscopy and by single-crystal tween gehlenite-spurrite skarn and crystalline limestone. X-ray structure study (R = 0.054); the latter indicated The new mineral, thought to be low-temperature hydro- monoclinic symmetry, space group P2/n. Cell dimen- thermal in origin, is associated with henmi1ite, sillenite, sions refined from a 114 mm Debye-Scherrer powder pat- bakerite, tenolite, bulfonteinite, apophyllite, cuspidine, tern (CuKa radiation) are a = 9.095(3), b = 5.206(2), c = and thaumasite. The new name is for I. Kusachi (b. 1942) 4.604(1) A, (3 = 98.69(2)°; strongest lines are 4.337(60, of Okayama University. Type material is in the National TOl), 3.838(50,lOl), 2.891(70,:211), and 2.598(lOO,020, Science Museum, Tokyo, Japan. J.L.J. 3lO,211). The new mineral is associated with mca1pineite and several Cu- and Te-bearing secondary minerals, including Owensite* five unnamed ones. The new name is for F.c. Hawthorne J.H.G. Laflamme, AC. Roberts, AJ. Criddle, L.J. Cabri of the University of Manitoba. Type material is in the (1995) Owensite, (Ba,PbMCu,Fe,Ni)2sS27' a new min- Systematic Reference Series of the National Mineral Col- eral species from the Wellgreen Cu-Ni-Pt-Pd deposit, lection at the Geological Survey of Canada, Ottawa. J.L.J. Yukon. Can. Mineral., 33, 665-670. J.T. Szymanski (1995) The crystal structure of owensite, (Ba,PbMCu,Ni,Fe)2sS27'a new member of the djerfish- Gregoryite* erite group. Can. Mineral., 33, 671-677. A.A Church, A.P. Jones (1995) Silicate-carbonate im- The mineral occurs as anhedral grains, to 43 x 1lO miscibility at Oldoinyo Lengai. J. Petrology, 36(4), 869- ~m, within pyrrhotite associated with magnetite, chal- 889. copyrite, and pentlandite. Electron microprobe analysis (average of nine) gave Ba 23.04, Pb 3.58, Cu 25.33, Fe Five electron-microprobe compositions, predominant- 20.24, Ni 0.25, S 27.11, C1not detected, sum 99.55 wt%, ly representative of microphenocrysts and phenocrysts (to corresponding to (Bas.42Pbo.s6)"S.98(Cu12.87Fel1.7oNio.14),,24.71- 3 mm in diameter), are given for gregoryite (Na,K, S27.31'Opaque, metallic luster, black streak, H 3IJ2, Deale Ca)2C03' = = 4.78 g/cm3 for Z = 1. In reflected light, pale brownish Discussion. The name was introduced in 1980 (Am. gray, tarnishes rapidly, isotropic; reflectance percentages Mineral., 66, p. 879, 1981), was approved by the in air and in oil, given in 20 nm steps from 400 to 700 CNMMN in 1981, and is widely accepted by petrologists, nm, are 22.0, 9.95 (470), 24.9, 12.0 (546), 26.2, 13.0 but a full description seems not to have been published.
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  • A Specific Gravity Index for Minerats

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    A SPECIFICGRAVITY INDEX FOR MINERATS c. A. MURSKyI ern R. M. THOMPSON, Un'fuersityof Bri.ti,sh Col,umb,in,Voncouver, Canad,a This work was undertaken in order to provide a practical, and as far as possible,a complete list of specific gravities of minerals. An accurate speciflc cravity determination can usually be made quickly and this information when combined with other physical properties commonly leads to rapid mineral identification. Early complete but now outdated specific gravity lists are those of Miers given in his mineralogy textbook (1902),and Spencer(M,i,n. Mag.,2!, pp. 382-865,I}ZZ). A more recent list by Hurlbut (Dana's Manuatr of M,i,neral,ogy,LgE2) is incomplete and others are limited to rock forming minerals,Trdger (Tabel,l,enntr-optischen Best'i,mmungd,er geste,i,nsb.ildend,en M,ineral,e, 1952) and Morey (Encycto- ped,iaof Cherni,cal,Technol,ogy, Vol. 12, 19b4). In his mineral identification tables, smith (rd,entifi,cati,onand. qual,itatioe cherai,cal,anal,ys'i,s of mineral,s,second edition, New york, 19bB) groups minerals on the basis of specificgravity but in each of the twelve groups the minerals are listed in order of decreasinghardness. The present work should not be regarded as an index of all known minerals as the specificgravities of many minerals are unknown or known only approximately and are omitted from the current list. The list, in order of increasing specific gravity, includes all minerals without regard to other physical properties or to chemical composition. The designation I or II after the name indicates that the mineral falls in the classesof minerals describedin Dana Systemof M'ineralogyEdition 7, volume I (Native elements, sulphides, oxides, etc.) or II (Halides, carbonates, etc.) (L944 and 1951).
  • The Stability of Sulfate and Hydrated Sulfate Minerals Near Ambient Conditions and Their Significance in Environmental and Plane

    The Stability of Sulfate and Hydrated Sulfate Minerals Near Ambient Conditions and Their Significance in Environmental and Plane

    Journal of Asian Earth Sciences 62 (2013) 734–758 Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect Journal of Asian Earth Sciences journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jseaes Review The stability of sulfate and hydrated sulfate minerals near ambient conditions and their significance in environmental and planetary sciences ⇑ I-Ming Chou a, , Robert R. Seal II a, Alian Wang b a U.S. Geological Survey, 954 National Center, Reston, VA 20192, USA b Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and McDonnell Center for Space Sciences, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA article info abstract Article history: Sulfate and hydrated sulfate minerals are abundant and ubiquitous on the surface of the Earth and also on Received 7 February 2012 other planets and their satellites. The humidity-buffer technique has been applied to study the stability of Received in revised form 5 November 2012 some of these minerals at 0.1 MPa in terms of temperature-relative humidity space on the basis of hydra- Accepted 12 November 2012 tion–dehydration reversal experiments. Updated phase relations in the binary system MgSO –H O are Available online 28 November 2012 4 2 presented, as an example, to show how reliable thermodynamic data for these minerals could be obtained based on these experimental results and thermodynamic principles. This approach has been Keywords: applied to sulfate and hydrated sulfate minerals of other metals, including Fe (both ferrous and ferric), Metal sulfate Zn, Ni, Co, Cd, and Cu. Hydrated sulfate minerals Humidity and temperature Metal–sulfate salts play important roles in the cycling of metals and sulfate in terrestrial systems, and Thermodynamics and kinetics the number of phases extends well beyond the simple sulfate salts that have thus far been investigated Terrestrial occurrence experimentally.
  • The Crystal Structure of the Mineral Scholzite and a Study of the Crystal

    The Crystal Structure of the Mineral Scholzite and a Study of the Crystal

    \ I 7'1,71 ¡1 :), THE CRYSTAL STRUCTURE OF THE MINERAL SCHOLZITE AND A STUDY OF THE CRYSTAL CHEMISTRY OF SOME RELATED PHOSPHATE AND ARSENATE MINERALS A thesis submitted for the Degree of Doctor of PhilosoPhY at the University of Adelaide in April, 1975 by R0DERICK JEFFREY HILL, B.Sc. (Hons.) Department of Geology and Mineralogy Au/¿tr¡'t ,,! /'/,".'','-'"' ' TABLE OF CONTENTS Page SUMMARY (i) STATEMENT OF ORIGINATITY (ii) ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS (iii) GENERAL INTRODUCTION I CHAPTER 1 TIIE GEOI.OGY AbID MINERALOGY OF REAPHOOK HILL, SOUTTI AUSTR.ALIA 2 1.1 ABSTR,ACT 2 r.2 INTRODUCTTON 2 1.3 GEOIÐGICAL SETTING 3 I.4 EXPERTMENTAI TECHNIQT ES 5 1.5 THE MAJOR PHOSPHATE MTNERALS 6 1.5.1 Tarbuttite - Znr(po4) (OH) 6 1.5.2 Parahopeite ZnrZn(pOn) - Z.4HZo 9 I.5.3 Scholzite CaZnU(pO4) - 2.2H2O 9 1.5.4 Zincian Collinsite Car(Mg,Zn) (pO4) - 2.2H2O 15 1.6 ASPECTS OF EHE CRYSTA¡ CHEMISTRY OF THE MAJOR PHOSPHATE MINERALS 19 L.7 PARAGENESIS 23 1.7.1 Major Minerals 23 L.7.2 Other lvlinerals 26 1.7.3 Conclusions 27 CHAPTER 2 TIIE CRYSTAI STRUCTURE OF SCHOLZITE 30 2.L ABSTRACT 30 2.2 INTRODUCTION 32 2.3 DATA COLLECTION AND ÐATA REDUCTION 32 2.4 DISCUSSION OF TITE INTENSITY DISTRIBUTION 35 2.4.L Subcell Structure and pseudosynunetry 35 2.4.2 Dete::mination of the True Syrnmetry 4L 2.4.3 Structural Disorder 4l 2.5 STRUqrURE SOLUTION AND REFINEMENT OF THE AVER.AGE ST'BCELL 52 2.6 DESCRIPTION AND DISCUSSION OF THE AVERAGE ST]BCELL STRUCTURE 60 2.6.I Topology 60 2.6.2 Disorder 65 2.6.3'iThermal" parameters 67 2.7 STRUCTURE SOLUTION AND REFTNEMENT OF TITE },IAIN CELL
  • Description and Unique Crystal-Structure of Waterhouseite, a New Hydroxy Manganese Phosphate Species from the Iron Monarch Deposit, Middleback Ranges, South Australia

    Description and Unique Crystal-Structure of Waterhouseite, a New Hydroxy Manganese Phosphate Species from the Iron Monarch Deposit, Middleback Ranges, South Australia

    1401 The Canadian Mineralogist Vol. 43, pp. 1401-1410 (2005) DESCRIPTION AND UNIQUE CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE OF WATERHOUSEITE, A NEW HYDROXY MANGANESE PHOSPHATE SPECIES FROM THE IRON MONARCH DEPOSIT, MIDDLEBACK RANGES, SOUTH AUSTRALIA ALLAN PRING§ Department of Mineralogy, South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, and School of Earth & Environmental Science, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, S.A. 5005, Australia UWE KOLITSCH Institut für Mineralogie und Kristallographie, Geozentrum, Universität Wien, Althanstr. 14, A–1090 Wien, Austria WILLIAM D. BIRCH Department of Mineralogy, Museum of Victoria, GPO Box 666E, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia ABSTRACT Waterhouseite from the Iron Monarch mine, Iron Knob, South Australia, is a new hydroxy manganese phosphate species that has a unique crystal-structure. The mineral was found in a carbonate-rich zone with gatehouseite, seamanite, rhodochrosite, shigaite, barite, hausmannite and hematite. It occurs as divergent sprays of orange-brown to dark brown bladed crystals up to 1 mm in length but only up to 20 ␮m in thickness. The crystals are transparent with a pearly luster on cleavages, but it is vitreous to pearly on the tabular faces. The mineral is brittle, with a conchoidal fracture and a yellowish brown streak. There is a perfect cleavage on (100) and a probable cleavage on (001). The crystals show the principal forms {100} (dominant), {010}, {011} and {001}. All crystals are twinned on (100) by non-merohedry. The Mohs hardness is estimated to be ~4, and the measured density is 3.55(5) g/cm3 (calculated density is 3.591 g/cm3). Crystals are biaxial negative and length-slow, with ␣ 1.730(3), ␤ ~1.738 and ␥ 1.738(4), but 2V could not be measured.