YEARLY WEATHER REPORT-2020 (JHARKHAND) Prepared By: Dr
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Meteorological Centre Ranchi INDIA METEOROLOGICAL DEPARTMENT, METEOROLOGICAL CENTRE, RANCHI YEARLY WEATHER REPORT-2020 (JHARKHAND) Prepared by: Dr. K. Padgalwar, A. Anand, S. C. Mandal and Sanjay Kumar MCRanchi/Tech/Rep/2020 Meteorological Centre Ranchi B.M. Airport Road, Hinoo, Ranchi Jharkhand- 834002 1 Meteorological Centre Ranchi CONTENT Highlights -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- 3 1. Main synoptic features of YearlyWeather-2020-----------------------------------------5 2. Rainfall Distribution------------------------------------------------------------------------6 3. Analysis of Maximum Temperature-----------------------------------------------------15 4. Analysis of Minimum Temperature-----------------------------------------------------22 5. Analysis of Mean Maximum & Minimum Temperature ----------------------------30 6. Thunderstorm activity and nowcast warning------------------------------------------31 7. Location Specific SMS based nowcast warning--------------------------------------37 8. Special cases of Severe weather events------------------------------------------------43 9. Severe Weather Events and casualty---------------------------------------------------48 10. Forecast bulletin-------------------------------------------------------------------------49 11. Forecast verification--------------------------------------------------------------------152 12. Summary---------------------------------------------------------------------------------169 Acknowledgement -------------------------------------------------------------------------170 **************************** 2 Meteorological Centre Ranchi YEARLY WEATHER REPORT-2020 (JHARKHAND) HIGHLIGHTS 03 Nos. of low pressure area that formed over Bay of Bengal on 01st and 09th and 20th of October, 2020 and their west-northwestwards movement, 02 Nos. of low pressure area that formed over Bay of Bengal on 21st and 28th of November, 2020 and their west-northwestwards movement, 01 Low Pressure Area over Southeast Arabian Sea with associated cyclonic circulation that formed on 10th of December, 2020, 09 Nos. of W.D (Western Disturbance) that passed over Northern Himalayan region on (04th, 07th, 11th, 16th, 19th , 20th , 24th , 27th , 31st ), induced cycir formed over Rajsthan and adjoining areas due to W.D and cycir in lower level over East U.P, Bihar, Jharkhand and neighbourhood during December, 2020 were the main synoptic systems which influenced the weather of Jharkhand during Post Monsoon season, 2020. The rainfall during Post-monsoon season, 2020 (October-December) over the country as a whole was 101% of its long period average (LPA) and departure was +1 % which was normal rainfall. However, for the Jharkhand state this figure came out to 74% of its LPA and departure was -26%. Cumulatively it was a Below Normal rainfall over the state. Out of total 24 districts of the state, 04 districts received excess, 06 districts received normal, 08 districts received deficient and remaining 06 districts scanty rainfall during Post Monsoon season, 2020. Monthly rainfall departure over the state as a whole was -20% of Long Period Average (LPA) in October, -24% of LPA in November, -96% of LPA in December and -26% of LPA in whole Post-monsoon season, 2020. The highest rainfall observed in a day (during last 24 hours) in October, 2020 was 121.2 mm at Kurdeg (Simdega District) on 04.10.2020. Maximum temperature remained above normal in October, 2020, below normal to normal over northern parts, normal to above normal over central parts and above normal over southern parts of Jharkhand in November, 2020 and above normal over most parts of the state during December, 2020. The highest maximum temperature 35.4°C was recorded at Chaibasa on 19.10.2020 & 31.10.2020. 3 Meteorological Centre Ranchi HIGHLIGHTS Minimum temperatures was observed above normal in October, 2020, below normal in November, 2020 and below normal to normal over most parts of Jharkhand state during the month of December. The lowest minimum temperature 05.9°C was recorded at Daltonganj on 20th December, 2020. Total 73 Nos ( 72 in October + 1 in November) of nowcast was issued for severe weather ( lightening/ thunder) for Jharkhand in during Post monsoon season, 2020. Cold wave and foggy condition at isolated places were observed during second half of the month of December, 2020 particularly southeastern and North Eastern parts of the state. 4 Meteorological Centre Ranchi 1. Main synoptic features of Yearly Weather-2020 Season: Winter,2020 Total 09 Nos of W.D that affected Western Himalayas on 04th, 07th, 14th, 16th, 18th, 22nd, 24th, 27th, and 31st of January, 2020 also influenced the weather of Jharkhand. Besides above system, induced cycir over Rajsthan due to W.D on 07th, 13th, 27th, cycir over E U.P, M.P, East-west trough from Rajsthan to Chhatisgarh across Jrkd, North-south trough in the n/H of Jrkd on few occasions were other systems casing changes in the weather of Jrkd. During January & February, 2020. Total 07 Nos of W.D that affected Western Himalayas on 05th, 06th, 12th, 14th, 18th, 20th , 21st, 28th of February, 2020 also influenced the weather of Jharkhand. Season: Pre-Monsoon, 2020 Almost all the climatological synoptic features of Pre-monsoon season were formed during Pre-monsoon season 2020 and influenced the weather of Jharkhand. The induced Low & cyclonic circulation over South-West Rajasthan and neighborhood at lower and middle troposphere due to Western disturbance, East-West & North- South trough at lower & middle troposphere passed through Jharkhand and neighborhood. Presence of cyclonic circulation over East U.P, North Chhattisgarh & East M.P and Jharkhand at lower level were the main synoptic features affected the state of Jharkhand. Most importantly, the existence and location of anticyclone over Bay of Bengal led to moisture incursion over Jharkhand. Under the influence of above systems intense convective activity occurred during major portion of the season. The trough/wind discontinuity at lower level from central India to Tamilnadu, trough in westerly with its axis at middle troposphere and formation of super cyclone “AMPHAN” over west central Bay of Bengal on 19.05.2020 and its movement also influenced the weather of Jharkhand. Season: Monsoon,2020 During the season, 12 Low Pressure systems (1 cyclonic storms over the Arabian Sea, 6 well marked low pressure areas over and 5 low pressure areas the Bay of Bengal) were formed. One cyclonic storm NISARGA (1-4 June 2020) attained to the intensity of severe cyclonic storm over the Arabian Sea. The low pressure systems formed over the 5 Meteorological Centre Ranchi Bay of Bengal generally passed south of Jharkhand. Frequency of low pressure systems over Indian region during monsoon season 2020 is shown in Table 3 below. Table 3: Low pressure systems over the Indian Ocean during monsoon season 2020 Month Cyclonic Deep Depression Well Low Total storm Depression marked Low pressure Pressure area area June 1 (AS) 0 0 0 1(BoB) 2 NISARGA July 0 0 0 1(BoB) 1(BoB) 2 August 0 0 0 4(BoB) 1(BoB) 5 September 0 0 0 1(BOB) 2(BoB) 3 Total 1 0 0 6 5 12 AS: Arabian Sea, BoB: Bay of Bengal Season:- Post-Monsoon,2020 Total 03 Nos. of low pressure area that formed over Bay of Bengal on 01st and 09th and 20th of October, 2020 and their west-northwestwards movement influenced the weather of Jharkhand state. Total 02 Nos. of low pressure area that formed over Bay of Bengal on 21st and 28th of November, 2020 and their west-northwestwards movement influenced the weather of Jharkhand state. The first LOPAR originated on 21st November, 2020 intensified into severe cyclonic storm “NIVAR” and weakened on 26.11.2020. The second one formed on 28th November over South Andaman Sea and adjoining areas of Southeast Bay of Bengal & Equatorial Indian Ocean had little impact on weather of Jharkhand. The low The Low Pressure Area over Southeast Arabian Sea with associated cyclonic circulation that formed on 10th of December, 2020, Total 09 Nos. of W.D (Western Disturbance) that passed over Northern Himalayan region on (04th, 07th, 11th, 16th, 19th , 20th , 24th , 27th , 31st ), induced cycir formed over Rajsthan and adjoining areas due to W.D and cycir in lower level over East U.P, Bihar, 6 Meteorological Centre Ranchi Jharkhand and neighbourhood were the main synoptic systems which influenced the weather of Jharkhand during December, 2020. 2. Rainfall Distribution : 2.1 Season:- Winter 2.1(a) Daily rainfall distribution The rainfall during Winter season, 2020 (January - February) for the Jharkhand state came out to 146 % of LPA. The rainfall received over the state was excess. Highest rainfall observed in a day (during last 24 hours) in the season is 33.5 mm at Jamshedpur (M.O) on 03.01.2020. Daily performance of rainfall over Jharkhand as whole is shown in figure below. 7 Meteorological Centre Ranchi Daily cumulative rainfall performance during Winter season 2020 60 30 40 20 20 10 0 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 Percentage Percentage (%) Date ACTUAL NORMAL Daily cumulative departure from cumulative normal during Winter season 2020 2000 1500 1000 500 Percentage Percentage (%) 0 1 3 5 7 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 Date 2.1(b) Monthly rainfall distribution Jharkhand as whole During the last week of March and first week of April, 2020 no significant synoptic system prevailed over Jharkhand & its neighborhood.