Evolutionary Applications Evolutionary Applications ISSN 1752-4571 ORIGINAL ARTICLE History of the invasive African olive tree in Australia and Hawaii: evidence for sequential bottlenecks and hybridization with the Mediterranean olive Guillaume Besnard,1,† Jer emy Dupuy,1,† Maximilien Larter,2 Peter Cuneo,3 David Cooke4 and Lounes Chikhi1,5 1 Laboratoire Evolution & Diversite Biologique, CNRS, UPS, ENFA, UMR 5174, Toulouse, France 2 INRA, UMR 1202 BIOGECO, Universite de Bordeaux, Talence, France 3 The Australian Botanic Garden, Mount Annan, Royal Botanic Gardens and Domain Trust, Mount Annan, NSW, Australia 4 Department of Primary Industries and Resources PIRSA, Biosecurity SA, Adelaide, SA, Australia 5 Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciencia,^ Oreiras, Portugal Keywords Abstract admixture, approximate Bayesian computation, biologic invasion, cuspidata, Humans have introduced plants and animals into new continents and islands introgression, microsatellites, Olea europaea, with negative effects on local species. This has been the case of the olive that plastid DNA was introduced in Australia, New Zealand and Pacific islands where it became invasive. Two subspecies were introduced in Australia, and each successfully Correspondence invaded a specific area: the African olive in New South Wales (NSW) and Guillaume Besnard, Laboratoire Evolution & the Mediterranean olive in South Australia. Here, we examine their origins Diversite Biologique, CNRS, UPS, ENFA, UMR 5174, 31062 Toulouse 4, France. and spread and analyse a large sample of native and invasive accessions with Tel.: +0(33) 5 61 55 85 45; chloroplast and nuclear microsatellites. African olive populations from the e-mail:
[email protected] invaded range exhibit two South African chlorotypes hence supporting an introduction from South Africa, while populations from South Australia exhi- † These authors contributed equally to this bit chlorotypes of Mediterranean cultivars.