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2016 ACC/AHA/HFSA Focused Update on New Pharmacological Therapy for Heart Failure Data Supplement

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2016 ACC/AHA/HFSA Focused Update on New Pharmacological Therapy for Heart Failure Data Supplement 2016 ACC/AHA/HFSA Focused Update on New Pharmacological Therapy for Heart Failure Data Supplement (Section numbers correspond to the 2013 full-text guideline.) Table of Contents Data Supplement 1. RCTs Comparing ARNI (Section 7.3.2.10) .................................................................................................................................. 1 Data Supplement 2. RCTs Comparing RAAS Inhibition (Section 7.3.2.3) ................................................................................................................. 3 Data Supplement 3. RCTs Comparing Pharmacological Treatment for of ARNI With ACE (Section 7.3.2.10).................................................... 5 Data Supplement 4. RCTs Comparing Pharmacological Treatment for Stage C HFrEF (Section 7.3.2.11) ........................................................... 7 2013 HF Guideline Data Supplement 18. ACE Inhibitors (Section 7.3.2.2) .............................................................................................................. 10 2013 HF Guideline Data Supplement 19. ARBs (Section 7.3.2.3)............................................................................................................................... 13 2013 HF Guideline Data Supplement 20. Beta Blockers (Section 7.3.2.4) ................................................................................................................. 14 References ........................................................................................................................................................................................................................ 17 Data Supplement 1. RCTs Comparing ARNI (Section 7.3.2.10) Study Acronym; Aim of Study; Patient Population Study Intervention Endpoint Results Relevant 2° Endpoint (if any); Author; Study Type; (# patients) / (Absolute Event Rates, Study Limitations; Year Published Study Size (N) Study Comparator P values; OR or RR; & Adverse Events (# patients) 95% CI) PARAMOUNT Aim: Inclusion criteria: Intervention: 1° endpoint: • No difference in change in NT-proBNP Solomon et al. 2012 To address safety Pts ≥40 y of age, LVEF ≥45%, NYHA LCZ696 (149) target dose • Change from BL at 12 wk from BL at 36 wk (1) and efficacy of class II-III HF, NT-pro BNP >400 200 mg BID achieved in for NT-proBNP • BP reduced in the LCZ696 group vs. 22932717 LCZ696 (ARNI) in pg/mL. 81% • Results: Reduction in valsartan at 12 wk (p=0.001 for SBP and pts with HFpEF LCZ696 group vs. p=0.09 for DBP) Exclusion criteria: valsartan (ratio of change • Change in BP correlated poorly with the Study type: Right HF due to pulmonary disease, Comparator: from BL: 0.77, 95% CI: change in pro-BNP RCT dyspnea due to noncardiac causes, Valsartan (152) target 0.64–0.92; p=0.005) • No difference in improvement in NYHA valvular/myocardial disease, CAD dose 160 mg BID class at 12 wk (p=0.11) and 36 wk Size: or CVD needing revascularization achieved in 78% 1° Safety endpoint: (p=0.05). 308 within 3 mo of screening. • LCZ-696 well tolerated. • No difference in KCCQ scores • Serious adverse events: • Trial not powered to ascertain clinical 1 © 2016 American College of Cardiology Foundation and American Heart Association, Inc. 15% in LCZ696 vs. 20% in outcomes. Further studies needed to valsartan group assess safety and efficacy in HFpEF pts. PARADIGM-HF Aim: Inclusion criteria: Intervention: 1° endpoint: • Less CV death in LCZ696 arm (558 vs. McMurray et al. To compare survival ≥18 y of age, NYHA class II, III, IV; LCZ696 (4,187) target • Composite of death (CV 693) HR: 0.8 (95% CI: 0.71–0.89; 2014 rates with the use of EF ≤35%, BNP of at least 150 dose 200 mg BID (mean causes) or a first p<0.001) (2) LCZ696 with pg/mL, hospitalized for HF <12 mo 375+71 mg daily) hospitalization for HF • Less HF hospitalizations in LCZ696 arm 25176015 enalapril in HF (≥BNP100 pg/mL), on ACE (537 vs. 658) HR: 0.79 (95% CI: 0.71– inhibitors or ARBs ≥4 wk before Comparator: • Results: Composite less in 0.89; p<0.001) Study type: screening, required to take stable Enalapril (4,212) target 10 LCZ696 group vs. • Less death from any cause in LCZ696 RCT dose of beta blockers and an ACE mg BID (mean 18.9+3.4 enalapril, 914 (21.8%) vs. arm (711 vs. 835), HR: 0.84 (95% CI: inhibitor (or ARB) equal to 10mg of mg daily) 1,117, (26.5%) HR: 0.80 0.76–0.93; p<0.001) Size: enalapril. Prior to randomization pts (95% CI: 0.73–0.87; • The change from baseline to 8 mo in the 8,442 were required to complete 2 wk p<0.001) score on the KCCQ in LCZ696 arm (2.99 each of enalapril 10 mg BID and points reduction vs. 4.63 points), HR: LCZ 100 BID. 1.64 (95% CI: 0.63–2.65; p=0.001) • No difference in new onset of AF (84 vs. Exclusion criteria: 83; p=0.84) Symptomatic hypotension, SBP <95 • No difference in protocol defined decline mm Hg, eGFR <30 2 in renal function, HR: 0.86 (95% CI: mL/min/min/1.73m of body surface 0.65–1.13; p=0.28). area, serum K level >5.2 mmol/L, • More symptomatic hypotension (14% vs. angioedema history, unacceptable 9.2%; p<0.001) side effects of ACE inhibitors or • No difference in angioedema, 19 vs.10 ARBs (p=0.13) AF indicates atrial fibrillation; ARNI/LCZ696, angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor; ACE, angiotensin-converting enzyme; ARB, angiotensin-receptor blocker; BL, baseline; BID; twice a day; BNP, plasma B-type natriuretic peptide; BP, blood pressure; CAD, coronary artery disease; CI, confidence interval; CVD, cardiovascular disease; CV, cardiovascular; EF, ejection fraction; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HF, heart failure; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; HR, hazard ratio; KCCQ, Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire; LVEF, left ventricular ejection fraction; N/A, not available; NT-proBNP, N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide; NYHA, New York Heart Association; PARAMOUNT, Prospective Comparison of ARNI With ARB on Management of Heart Failure With Preserved Ejection Fraction; PARADIGM-HF, Prospective Comparison of ARNI With ACE to Determine Impact on Global Mortality and Morbidity in Heart Failure; pts, patients; RCT, randomized controlled trial; and SBP, systolic blood pressure. Search Terms and Date: 3 trials identified by chairs in December 2015. 2 © 2016 American College of Cardiology Foundation and American Heart Association, Inc. Data Supplement 2. RCTs Comparing RAAS Inhibition (Section 7.3.2.3) Study Acronym; Aim of Study; Patient Population Study Intervention Endpoint Results Relevant 2° Endpoint (if any); Author; Study Type; (# patients) / (Absolute Event Rates, Study Limitations; Year Published Study Size (N) Study Comparator P values; OR or RR; & Adverse Events (# patients) 95% CI) ONTARGET Aim: Compare ACE Inclusion Criteria: Pts >55 y Intervention: Runin, then 1° endpoint: • Compared to the ramipril arm: ONTARGET (ramipril), ARB of age, CAD, PVD, previous randomization to ramipril • Composite of CV death, MI, stroke, or • Telmisartan had more Investigators et al. (telmisartan), and stroke, or high-risk DM with (8,576) target dose 10 HF hospitalization at 5 y hypotensive symptoms 2008 combination end-organ damage mg daily, telmisartan (p<0.001); less cough (p<0.001) (3) ACE/ARB in pts (8,542) target dose 80 Results: No difference in outcome and angioedema (p=0.01); same 18378520 with CVD or high- Exclusion Criteria: HF at trial mg daily or combination (16.5% ACE, 16.7% ARB, 16.3% syncope. risk DM entry, ACE or ARB (8,502), titrated to BP combination; CI: ARB RR: 1.01 (95% CI: • Combination arm had more intolerance, 0.94–1.09) hypotensive symptoms Study Type: RCT revascularization planned or (p<0.001); syncope (p=0.03); and <3 mo renal dysfunction (p<0.001) Size: 25,620 • BP fell by 6.4/7.4/9.8 mm Hg • Less angioedema with telmisartan TRANSCEND Aim: To assess the Inclusion Criteria: ACE- Intervention: Run in, then 1° endpoint: • No difference in 2° outcomes; Yusuf et al. 2008 effectiveness of intolerant pts with CAD, randomization to • Composite of CV death, MI, stroke, or ARB was safe in this pt (4) ARB in ACE- PVD, previous stroke, or telmisartan titrated to 80 HF hospitalization at 5 y population - no angioedema 18757085 intolerant pts with high-risk DM with end-organ mg as tolerated (2,954) CVD or high-risk damage Results: No significant difference RR: DM Comparator: Titration of 0.92 (95% CI: 0.81–1.05); p=0.216 Exclusion Criteria: HF at trial other mediations as Study Type: RCT entry, revascularization needed to control BP planned or <3 mo (2,944) Size: 5,926 SUPPORT Aim: Discover Inclusion Criteria: Pts 20– Intervention: 1° endpoint: • Pts on triple therapy with Sakata et al. 2015 whether addition of 79 y of age with Randomization to • Composite of all-cause death, MI, ACE/ARB/Beta blocker had more (5) ARB to ACE and hypertension, NYHA class olmesartan (578) titrated stroke, or HF hospitalization at 4.4 y of 1° composite outcome, 38.1 vs. 25637937 beta blockers in II-IV, stable on ACE ± beta up to 40 mg as tolerated 28.2%, HR: 1.47 (95% CI: 1.11– pts with chronic HF blockers (578) (mean dose Results: No significant difference RR: 1.95; p=0.006); all-cause death, will improve clinical achieved at 5 y, 17.9 1.18 (95% CI: 0.96–1.46); p=0.11 19.4 vs. 13.5%, HR: 1.50 (95% CI: outcomes Exclusion Criteria: mg/d) 1.01–2.23; p=0.046); and renal Creatinine >3.0, MI or, dysfunction (21.1 vs. 12.5%, HR: Study Type: Open revascularization within 6 Comparator: Titration to 1.85 (95% CI: 1.24–2.76; p=0.003). label blinded mo control BP without use endpoint of an ARB (568) Size: 1,147 Mineralocorticoids Antagonist 3 © 2016 American College of Cardiology Foundation and American Heart Association, Inc. EMPHASIS subgroup Aim: Investigate the Inclusion Criteria: Pts Intervention: 1° endpoint: • The beneficial effects of analysis safety and efficacy enrolled in EMPHASIS at high Randomization to • Efficacy: Hospitalization for HF or eplerenone were maintained in Eschalier et al. 2013 of eplerenone in risk for hyperkalemia of eplerenone worsening renal failure.
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