Kurt Vonnegut in Alplaus
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Army Radio Communication in the Great War Keith R Thrower, OBE
Army radio communication in the Great War Keith R Thrower, OBE Introduction Prior to the outbreak of WW1 in August 1914 many of the techniques to be used in later years for radio communications had already been invented, although most were still at an early stage of practical application. Radio transmitters at that time were predominantly using spark discharge from a high voltage induction coil, which created a series of damped oscillations in an associated tuned circuit at the rate of the spark discharge. The transmitted signal was noisy and rich in harmonics and spread widely over the radio spectrum. The ideal transmission was a continuous wave (CW) and there were three methods for producing this: 1. From an HF alternator, the practical design of which was made by the US General Electric engineer Ernst Alexanderson, initially based on a specification by Reginald Fessenden. These alternators were primarily intended for high-power, long-wave transmission and not suitable for use on the battlefield. 2. Arc generator, the practical form of which was invented by Valdemar Poulsen in 1902. Again the transmitters were high power and not suitable for battlefield use. 3. Valve oscillator, which was invented by the German engineer, Alexander Meissner, and patented in April 1913. Several important circuits using valves had been produced by 1914. These include: (a) the heterodyne, an oscillator circuit used to mix with an incoming continuous wave signal and beat it down to an audible note; (b) the detector, to extract the audio signal from the high frequency carrier; (c) the amplifier, both for the incoming high frequency signal and the detected audio or the beat signal from the heterodyne receiver; (d) regenerative feedback from the output of the detector or RF amplifier to its input, which had the effect of sharpening the tuning and increasing the amplification. -
Television, Farnsworth and Sarnoff
by AARON SORKIN directed by NICK BOWLING STUDY GUIDE prepared by Maren Robinson, Dramaturg This Study Guide for The Farnsworth Invention was prepared by Maren Robinson and edited by Lara Goetsch for TimeLine Theatre, its patrons and educational outreach. Please request permission to use these materials for any subsequent production. © TimeLine Theatre 2010 — — STUDY GUIDE — Table of Contents The Playwright: Aaron Sorkin .................................................................................... 3 The History: Sorkin’s Artistic License ........................................................................ 3 The People: Philo T. Farnsworth ................................................................................. 4 The People: David Sarnoff ........................................................................................... 6 The People: Other Players ........................................................................................... 8 Television: The Business ........................................................................................... 14 The Radio Corporation of America Patent Pool ................................................ 14 Other Players in Early Radio and Television ................................................... 16 Television: The Science .............................................................................................. 16 Timeline of Selected Events: Television, Farnsworth and Sarnoff .......................... 20 Television by the Numbers ....................................................................................... -
A Short History of Radio
Winter 2003-2004 AA ShortShort HistoryHistory ofof RadioRadio With an Inside Focus on Mobile Radio PIONEERS OF RADIO If success has many fathers, then radio • Edwin Armstrong—this WWI Army officer, Columbia is one of the world’s greatest University engineering professor, and creator of FM radio successes. Perhaps one simple way to sort out this invented the regenerative circuit, the first amplifying re- multiple parentage is to place those who have been ceiver and reliable continuous-wave transmitter; and the given credit for “fathering” superheterodyne circuit, a means of receiving, converting radio into groups. and amplifying weak, high-frequency electromagnetic waves. His inventions are considered by many to provide the foundation for cellular The Scientists: phones. • Henirich Hertz—this Clockwise from German physicist, who died of blood poisoning at bottom-Ernst age 37, was the first to Alexanderson prove that you could (1878-1975), transmit and receive Reginald Fessin- electric waves wirelessly. den (1866-1932), Although Hertz originally Heinrich Hertz thought his work had no (1857-1894), practical use, today it is Edwin Armstrong recognized as the fundamental (1890-1954), Lee building block of radio and every DeForest (1873- frequency measurement is named 1961), and Nikola after him (the Hertz). Tesla (1856-1943). • Nikola Tesla—was a Serbian- Center color American inventor who discovered photo is Gug- the basis for most alternating-current lielmo Marconi machinery. In 1884, a year after (1874-1937). coming to the United States he sold The Businessmen: the patent rights for his system of alternating- current dynamos, transformers, and motors to George • Guglielmo Marconi—this Italian crea- Westinghouse. -
IEEE Sweden MN2020-Q2
IEEE SE MN2020-Q2 avenue of increasing our gains of membership to membership in all members of IEEE Sweden Individual Highlights: Editorial chapters. IEEE tools Section. The board online are readily made remains grateful to The challenges available to us to remain committed members. We created by coronavirus R8SYP UPDATE 2 efficient, creative, shall not relent in pandemic have been industrious and informed. supporting and motivating enormous. Nonetheless, IEEE The pandemic’s you to reach the pinnacle IEEE’s response to Sweden section is COVID19 3 unprecedented of your set aside goals. determined to continue to circumstances afforded This Newsletter is subject make impact for the 2020 many of us opportunities to nonstop improvements Chapters Summary fiscal year. It is a trying time in eHealth. My recent and aims at sharing Activities 3 for the usual physical published paper titled information with IEEE Young Professionals 3 appearances in conferences “COVID-19 Patient Health members. Hence, we and meetings, but created Prediction Using Boosted kindly ask for increase awareness of Membership statistics in Random Forest contributions, feedback Sweden 4 virtual meetings which we Algorithm” is available and involvement from our are determined to explore online that supports IEEE readers. Please submit to and utilize in full. I Action for Industry 4 stand point on Covid-19. the Newsletter Editor, Dr. personally continue to see We shall continue to Celestine Iwendi this challenge as a strong deliver as entrusted the [email protected] Alexanderson Day 5 A message from the Sweden Section Chair Sites for Success 7 Dear IEEE Member, planned events and technology that enables us conferences such as the to connect and deliver in ISCMI20; that was to be held the current situation. -
ABSTRACT AWA Review Wireless Comes of Age on the West Coast1
Lee AWA Review Wireless Comes of Age on the West Coast1 !2011 Bartholomew Lee ABSTRACT This is a story primarily about young men and what they accomplished in a remarkable Radio as we know it time, the fi rst two decades of the 20th Century, had many fathers. Cali- and in remarkable places – especially in Cali- fornia enjoyed unique fornia in the Western United States. Guglielmo circumstances that gave (William) Marconi, in his early twenties, elec- rise to independent de- trifi ed the technical world of the late 19th Cen- velopment. Young men tury with his successes using Hertzian electro- explored and advanced magnetic waves to communicate at distance, devices and means of what we now call “radio.” He did this without communication as soon the wired connections to which the world had as they read about ear- turned with enthusiasm earlier in the century. lier advances, especially The telegraph, including undersea cables, and Marconi’s use of wireless the telephone, needed wire, and lots of it. Com- spark systems. The arc munication without such wires, at fi rst wireless as a generator of high telegraphy, opened new vistas. This was par- power continuous wave ticularly so looking out to the world’s oceans. energy for communica- Communication with ships at sea (Marconi’s tions came to California primary initial interest) was now possible. Then, and then the world. Doc a challenge to the expensive cable monopolies Herrold began the fi rst could be mounted. This was so because the new regular broadcasting to a “wireless” meant exactly that: no expensive, known audience around capital-intensive investments in cables, only 1912 in California, using in terminal stations. -
Schenectady County Historical Society
Schenectady County Historical Society Newsletter Vol. 65, No. 1, 2021 | 518.374.0263 | schenectadyhistorical.org Schenectady's Relationship to Native America by Mike Diana, Education & Programs Manager An Introduction For many people, “American” history begins with European exploration of the continent. From there, the narrative invariably centers on the colonial perspective and, after 1776, the perspective of the United States. Consequently, the general public is generally uninformed about the Native American history that both predates the Pilgrims and persists to the present. And this article is by no means capable of addressing this broad historical issue. So let’s turn from this historical macrocosm to the microcosm of our own city, Schenectady. For the first century and a half of its existence, Schenectady shared a unique relationship with its neighbors to the west, a people known colloquially as “the Iroquois.” In my interactions with the public, I find most people misunderstand that relationship. Some visitors tend to imagine the Iroquois as a nebulous threat to the European settlers of Schenectady. Other younger visitors might think of the Iroquois as victims of the inexorable colonial and American conquest of the continent. Both conceptions are too simplistic. And so, in this article I will try my hand at describing the connection between the Iroquois and Schenectady. I’ll begin with a very basic introduction to who the Iroquois are. I’ll proceed to show how our city started as a small trading town, the vital point of contact between the Iroquois and the British colonial world. We’ll see how Schenectadians of the time were intimately familiar with the Iroquois and vice-versa. -
Appendix 20-3. Cultural Resources
4425 Forbes Boulevard Lanham, Maryland 20706 Main 301-306-6981 Fax 301-306-6986 May 2, 2018 Ms. Ruth Pierpont, Deputy Commissioner/Deputy SHPO New York State Office of Parks, Recreation and Historic Preservation Historic Preservation Field Services Bureau Peebles Island Resource Center, PO Box 189 Waterford, NY 12188-0189 RE: Request for Consultation: Proposed High River Energy Center (Solar), Town of Florida, Montgomery County, New York Dear Ms. Pierpont, High River Energy Center, LLC, (High River Energy Center) proposes to construct a solar energy center, the High River Energy Center, under Article 10 of the Public Service Law (PSL). The High River Energy Center (Project) will have a generating capability of 90 megawatts (MW) of power located in the Town of Florida, Montgomery County, New York (Figures and 1 and 2). A Project Review Form is also attached and a new project entry has been made in the Cultural Resource Information System (CRIS). Project facilities will include commercial-scale solar arrays, access roads, buried (and possibly overhead) electric collection lines, and electrical interconnection facilities located within an approximate 1,000-acre site (the Project Area). High River Energy Center anticipates the interconnection facilities will include a 115-kV substation, which will be transferred to National Grid to own and operate. The substation and point of interconnection switchyard will be located on land northeast of the solar arrays within the Project Area, adjacent to National Grid’s existing Line # 12 Stoner – Rotterdam 115 kV transmission line. TRC Environmental Corporation (TRC) has been retained by High River Energy Center, LLC to provide environmental review and licensing services in support of the Project. -
1. MDI Combroad Fm 3Pp.Indd
COMMUNICATIONS AND BROADCASTING Milestones in Discovery and Invention COMMUNICATIONS AND BROADCASTING REVISED EDITION FROM WIRED WORDS TO WIRELESS WEB uHarry Henderson COMMUNICATIONS AND BROADCASTING: From Wired Words to Wireless Web, Revised Edition Copyright © 2007, 1997 by Harry Henderson All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, record- ing, or by any information storage or retrieval systems, without permission in writing from the publisher. For information contact: Chelsea House An imprint of Infobase Publishing 132 West 31st Street New York NY 10001 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Henderson, Harry. Communications and broadcasting : from wired words to wireless Web / Harry Henderson.—Rev. ed. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 0-8160-5748-6 1. Telecommunication—History—Juvenile literature. I. Title. TK5102.4.H46 2006 384—dc22 2006005577 Chelsea House books are available at special discounts when purchased in bulk quantities for businesses, associations, institutions, or sales promotions. Please call our Special Sales Department in New York at (212) 967-8800 or (800) 322-8755. You can find Chelsea House on the World Wide Web at http://www.chelseahouse.com Text design by James Scotto-Lavino Cover design by Dorothy M. Preston Illustrations by Sholto Ainslie and Melissa Ericksen Printed in the United States of America MP FOF 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 This book is printed on acid-free paper. -
Reception of SAQ Transmissions at Cohoe Radio Observatory on 1 July 2018 Whitham D
Reception of SAQ Transmissions at Cohoe Radio Observatory on 1 July 2018 Whitham D. Reeve 1. Introduction In early June 2018 I was notified of the annual commemorative transmissions from Sweden planned for Alexanderson Day on 1 July 2018. These transmissions use the historical call sign SAQ and are sponsored by the Alexander Association, a group of dedicated historical radio enthusiasts. The station transmits only on special occasions. I previously attempted to receive SAQ’s transmissions on Christmas day 2017 at Anchorage but the local noise levels were far too high. During that same month I installed a new loop antenna at my Cohoe Radio Observatory for monitoring VLF and LF transmissions and detecting sudden ionospheric disturbances (SID). This installation uses an SDRPlay RSP2Pro software defined radio (SDR) receiver and SDRuno software. The initial site survey and test results with this combination were quite encouraging. I decided to attempt reception of the Alexanderson Day event at CRO and was successful. This paper describes the setup and results. 2. Stations The transmitting and receiving stations are on opposite sides of Earth but at roughly similar latitudes (table 1). Both stations are not far above sea level and are near to the ocean. The great circle path between SAQ and CRO is mostly over water and ice and passes almost directly over the North Pole (figure 1). Table 1 ~ Transmitting and receiving station details (AMSL: above mean sea level; AGL: above ground level; TN: true north reference) Elevation Antenna height Distance Direction Station Latitude Longitude (m AMSL) (m AGL) (km) (° TN) SAQ, Grimeton, 57° 06’ 23.1” N 12° 23’ 28.6” E 35 127 351 Sweden 6870 CRO, Cohoe, Alaska 60° 22' 04.7"N 151° 18' 55.1"W 22 3.5 010 USA SAQ is a historical longwave communications station in Grimeton, Sweden. -
History of Communications Media
History of Communications Media Class 6 [email protected] What We Will Cover Today • Radio – Origins – The Emergence of Broadcasting – The Rise of the Networks – Programming – The Impact of Television – FM • Phonograph – Origins – Timeline – The Impact of the Phonograph Origins of Radio • James Clerk Maxwell’s theory had predicted the existence of electromagnetic waves that traveled through space at the speed of light – Predicted that these waves could be generated by electrical oscillations – Predicted that they could be detected • Heinrich Hertz in 1886 devised an experiment to detect such waves. Origins of Radio - 2 • Hertz’ experiments showed that the waves: – Conformed to Maxwell’s theory – Had many of the same properties as light except that the wave lengths were much longer than those of light – several meters as opposed to fractions of a millimeter. Origins of Radio - 3 • Edouard Branly & Oliver Lodge perfected a coherer • Alexander Popov used a coherer attached to a vertical wire to detect thunderstorms in advance • William Crookes published an article on electricity which noted the possibility of using “electrical rays” for “transmitting and receiving intelligence” Origins of Radio - 4 • Guglielmo Marconi had attended lectures on Maxwell’s theory and read an account of Hertz’s experiments – Read Crookes article – Attended Augusto Righi’s lectures at Bologna University on Maxwell’s theory and Hertz’s experiments – Read Oliver Lodge’s article on Hertz’s experiments and Branly’s coherer What Marconi Accomplished - 1 • Realized that -
First Ideas and Some History
Chapter 1 Introduction: First Ideas and Some History JL his book is about the transmission of information through space and time. We call the first communication. We call the second storage. How are these done, and what resources do they take? These days, most information transmission is digital, meaning that information is represented by a set of symbols, such as 1 and 0. How many symbols are needed? Why has this conversion to digital form occurred? How is it related to another great change in our culture, the computer? Information transmission today is a major human activity, attracting investment and infrastructure on a par with health care and transport, and exceeding investment in food production. How did this come about? Why are people so interested in communicating? Our aim in this book is to answer these questions, as much as time and space permit. In this chapter we will start by introducing some first ideas about information, how it occurs, and how to think about it. We will also look at the history of communication. Here lie examples of the kinds of information we live with, and some ideas about why communication is so important. The later chapters will then go into detail about communication systems and the tools we use in working with them. Some of these chapters are about engineering and invention. Some are about scientific ideas and mathematics. Others are about social events and large-scale systems. All of these play important roles in information technology. Understanding Information Transmission. By John B. Anderson and Rolf Johannesson ISBN 0-471-679 JO-0 © 2005 the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. -
Rocky Point Historical Society Celebrating Our 20Th Anniversary Tel: (631) 744-1776 Circa 1721 Noah Hallock Homestead September-October-November 2015
Rocky Point Historical Society Celebrating Our 20th Anniversary Tel: (631) 744-1776 Circa 1721 Noah Hallock Homestead September-October-November 2015 MARK YOUR CALENDAR RCA Ornament MEETINGS HELD AT 7:30 PM AT THE VFW POST #6249 Our 2nd Annual Christmas 109 KING ROAD, ROCKY POINT Ornament is now available. This HANDICAP ACCESSIBLE year we are featuring the world- renowned RCA Radio Central Transmitting Station, which oper- Thurs., Sept. 10th at 7:30 PM ated in Rocky Point from 1921- General Meeting & Program: 1978. The ornament is featured “Along The Native American Footpath” in a striking royal blue with white by Sandi Brewster Walker and gold artwork. You will want to add this to your collection of Rocky Point memorabilia. Sunday, Oct,. 18th at 3 PM Annual Tea at VFW Post, King Rd The 1st edition of the Circa 1721 Noah Hallock House is also available in red or green. The orna- Theme: Louis Del Bianco, Chief carver ments are $10 and are available during Saturday tours Mt. Rushmore (see enclosed flyer) at the Homestead and at our regular 2nd Thursday meetings at the VFW Post. The ornaments will also be Thurs., Nov. 12th at 7:30 PM sold at the Lasting Treasures Gift Shop, located at General Meeting & Program: 757 Route 25A in Rocky Point. We are grateful to “The Gezaris at Rocky Point” Joan & Joe Fuoco for selling these ornaments at our By Daniel Gezari price, with no profit to the Gift Shop. Mail orders are $15. each, which includes shipping and handling. Send orders to: Rocky Point Historical Society, Saturday, Nov.