These Vancaelemont 2016 Anonyme

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These Vancaelemont 2016 Anonyme THÈSE DE DOCTORAT de l’Université de recherche Paris Sciences et Lettres PSL Research University Préparée à l’Université Paris-Dauphine Matérialité et travail institutionnel des consommateurs Le cas de l’industrie de la musique enregistrée en France face à la « dématérialisation » (1994-2014) École Doctorale de Dauphine — ED 543 Spécialité Sciences de gestion COMPOSITION DU JURY : Isabelle HUAULT Professeure, Université Paris Dauphine Directrice de thèse François-Xavier de VAUJANY Professeur, Université Paris Dauphine Président du jury Eva BOXENBAUM Professeure, Ecole des Mines Paristech Rapporteure Philippe MONIN Professeur, EM Lyon Rapporteur Soutenue le 5 déc. 2016 Gazi ISLAM par Anne VANCAELEMONT Professeur associé, Grenoble EM Membre du jury Dirigée par Isabelle HUAULT L’Université n’entend donner aucune approbation ni improbation aux opinions émises dans les thèses : ces opinions doivent être considérées comme propres à leurs auteurs. 1 2 Matérialité et travail institutionnel des consommateurs Le cas de l’industrie de la musique enregistrée en France face à la « dématérialisation » (1994-2014) Anne Vancaelemont Sous la Direction de Isabelle Huault REMERCIEMENTS …………………………………………………………………………..…. 5 TABLE DES MATIERES …………………………………………………………………………. 8 INTRODUCTION ……………………………………………………………………..……….. 17 PREMIERE PARTIE : CADRE CONCEPTUEL CHAPITRE 1 : APPREHENDER L'ACTION DU CONSOMMATEUR ……………………………….. 31 CHAPITRE 2 : PRENDRE EN CONSIDERATION LA MATERIALITE ……………………..………… 55 CHAPITRE 3 : PROBLEMATISATION ET PROBLEMATIQUE ………………………………….…. 71 DEUXIEME PARTIE : CONTEXTE EMPIRIQUE ET METHODE CHAPITRE 4 : L'INDUSTRIE DE LA MUSIQUE ENREGISTREE EN FRANCE (1994-2014) …….…. 87 CHAPITRE 5 : METHODOLOGIE …………………………………………………………….. 147 TROISIEME PARTIE : RESULTATS ET DISCUSSION CHAPITRE 6 : RESULTATS (1/3) – LE TEMPS DU MAINTIEN DES VENTES DE CD (1994-2001) - QUAND SE MANIFESTENT ET SONT POINTES DU DOIGT LES PREMIERS CONSOMMATEURS PIRATES ……………………………………………………………………………. 179 CHAPITRE 7 : RESULTATS (2/3) – LE TEMPS DE LA « PIRATERIE » MP3 (2002-2010) - QUAND LES PRATIQUES « PIRATES » DES CONSOMMATEURS SE DIFFUSENT …….…. 209 CHAPITRE 8 : RESULTATS (3/3) – LE TEMPS DE L’INSTITUTIONNALISATION (2011-…) - QUAND LES PRODUCTEURS S’APPROPRIENT LES NOUVELLES PRATIQUES DE CONSOMMATION ………………………………………………………...…………. 257 CHAPITRE 9 : DISCUSSION, CONCLUSION, LIMITES ET VOIES DE RECHERCHE ……………… 289 3 LISTE DES TABLEAUX ET FIGURES ………………………………………………………….. 307 BIBLIOGRAPHIE …………………………………………………………………………….. 309 TABLE DES ANNEXES ……………………………………………………………….……... 327 4 Remerciements En préambule à l’exposé de mon travail de thèse, je tiens à remercier toutes les personnes qui m’ont accompagnée, soutenue, conseillée, ont répondu à mes questions ou tout simplement écoutée tout au long de mes années de Doctorat. Tout d’abord, ma reconnaissance inconditionnelle s’adresse à ma directrice de thèse, le Professeur Isabelle Huault qui a su me guider en posant de judicieux jalons tout en me laissant une grande liberté d’action. Sa grande disponibilité et son écoute attentive furent toujours bienvenues. Je remercie les Professeurs Eva Boxenbaum et Philippe Monin d’avoir accepté d’appartenir à mon jury de thèse et de me faire l’honneur d’en être les rapporteurs. Je remercie également les Professeurs Gazi Islam et François-Xavier de Vaujany d’avoir bien voulu participer à l’évaluation de ce travail. Je saisis l’occasion de ces remerciements pour saluer l’ensemble des Professeurs qui ont inspiré ma décision de m’engager dans le Doctorat : Carole Donada, Marie- Laure Djélic, Marie-Léandre Gomez, Pierre Desmet, Ashok Som, Raymond-Alain Thiétard et Radu Vranceanu. J’exprime aussi ma profonde gratitude aux responsables des équipes d’enseignement qui m’ont permis d’enseigner en tant que Doctorante contractuelle puis A.T.E.R. : Eva Delacroix, Florence Benoît-Moreau et Béatrice Parguel pour les Fondamentaux du Marketing, Stéphane Debenedetti pour les Etudes et Recherches en Marketing et Management, Stéphanie Dameron, Lionel Garreau et Emilie Canet pour le Management Stratégique II. Je tiens à saluer particulièrement le Professeur Véronique Perret pour son soutien, notamment via l’animation des ateliers doctoraux de l’équipe de recherche MOST. Elle a en effet su y insuffler une atmosphère de collaboration bienveillante plus que 5 motivante dans l’apprentissage du métier de chercheur. A ce titre, je tiens à remercier également tous les membres passés et présents de l’équipe MOST qui m’ont permis d’avancer, et en particulier : Antoine Blanc, Vivien Blanchet, Mélissa Boudes, Marie-Aline de Rocquigny, Fabien Geledan, Stéphane Jaumier, Margot Leclair, Delphine Minchella, Julia Parigot, Hélène Peton, Emilie Reinhold et Benjamin Taupin. Je souhaite également associer à ces remerciements mes collègues Hélène Lambrix et Sylvain Colombero. Ils m’ont par exemple permis de côtoyer d’autres équipes et séminaires de recherche où les Professeurs Eva Boxenbaum et François-Xavier de Vaujany m’ont occasionnellement accueillie. Qu’ils en soient également remerciés. A ce titre je souhaite également faire part de ma gratitude à mes hôtes de la Cardiff Business School, en particulier les Professeurs Tim Edwards et Hugh Willmott, lors du séminaire doctoral animé autour du Professeur Roger Friedland. Je veux également dire l’amitié que je porte à celles et ceux qui m’ont entourée en dehors du domaine académique, en particulier Jérôme qui m’a permis de tester ma motivation avant de me lancer dans cette aventure, Raphaël qui a suscité ma curiosité pour l’industrie de la musique mais aussi Emmanuelle et Olivier chez qui j’ai pu trouver toute la complicité des anciens thésards. Merci également à toutes et tous pour avoir supporté mes « absences rédactionnelles » : Christine, Corinne, David, Etienne, Eve, Fabien, Fabrice, Florence, Gil, Mélanie, Pascal, Patricia, Philippe, Sama, Sandra, Thuy … Enfin, je tiens à remercier ma famille et en particuliers mes parents qui ont fait preuve d’un soutien indéfectible tout au long de cette aventure du Doctorat. Mes pensées vont également vers mes sœurs et frères, à Véronique et Caroline qui se sont bien adaptées à mon mode de vie de thésarde et à Hervé qui s’est orienté tout récemment vers l’Education Nationale. Une petite pensée finale pour Hioko, petite Boston Terrier de maintenant 4 ans, comme ma thèse, dont l’enthousiasme débordant fut un soutien quotidien. 6 7 Table des matières INTRODUCTION Les consommateurs au pouvoir ? .......................................................................... 20 Le travail institutionnel des consommateurs .......................................................... 21 Le travail institutionnel par les pratiques matérielles ............................................. 22 Une approche inductive ......................................................................................... 24 Présentation des chapitres .................................................................................... 24 PREMIERE PARTIE : CADRE CONCEPTUEL CHAPITRE 1 : APPREHENDER L'ACTION DU CONSOMMATEUR Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 33 1.1 L’institution, l’acteur du changement, le consommateur et ses pratiques ................... 35 1.1.1 Qu’est-ce qu’une institution ? .......................................................................... 35 Le pilier régulateur ................................................................................................. 36 Le pilier normatif .................................................................................................... 37 Le pilier culturo-cognitif ......................................................................................... 38 1.2.2 Le changement institutionnel et l’acteur du changement ................................ 38 1.1.3 Le consommateur dans le champ institutionnel .............................................. 39 1.1.4 Le renouveau de la TNI : l’attention aux pratiques et aux acteurs ................... 40 1.2 Que sont la ou les pratiques ? ..................................................................................... 41 1.2.1 L’héritage des sciences sociales ..................................................................... 41 Les grands penseurs de la pratique ....................................................................... 41 La théorie des pratiques ........................................................................................ 42 1.2.2 Le tournant pratique en sciences des organisations ....................................... 44 1.2.3 Le tournant pratique en TNI ............................................................................. 46 Une définition de l’institution par les pratiques ...................................................... 47 1.3 Rendre compte de l’action collective sur les institutions par l’étude des pratiques ........................................................................................................................ 48 8 1.3.1 La TNI et l’attention aux pratiques ................................................................... 48 1.3.2 Le travail institutionnel : L’intention de l’acteur et l’action délibérée sur les institutions ................................................................................................................. 49 1.3.3 Le travail institutionnel permet de prendre en considération le collectif et la co-création ............................................................................................................
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