Appendix F Erosion Studies
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Drainage-Design-Manual.Pdf
City of El Paso Engineering Department Drainage Design Manual May 2Ol3 City of El Paso-Engineering Department Drainage Design Manual 19. Green Infrostruclure - OPTIONAL 19. Green Infrastructure - OPTIONAL 19.1. Background and Purpose Development and urbanization alter and inhibit the natural hydrologic processes of surface water infiltration, percolation to groundwater, and evapotranspiration. Prior to development, known as predevelopment conditions, up to half of the annual rainfall infiltrates into the native soils. In contrast, after development, known as post-development conditions, developed areas can generate up to four times the amount ofannual runoff and one-third the infiltration rate of natural areas. This change in conditions leads to increased erosion, reduced groundwater recharge, degraded water quality, and diminished stream flow. Traditional engineering approaches to stormwater management typically use concrete detention ponds and channels to convey runoff rapidly from developed surfaces into drainage systems, discharging large volumes of stormwater and pollutants to downstream surface waters, consume land and prevent infiltration. As a result, stormwater runoff from developed land is a significant source of many water quality, stream morphology, and ecological impairments. Reducing the overall imperviousness and using the natural drainage features of a site are important design strategies to maintain or enhance the baseline hydrologic functions of a site after development. This can be achieved by applying sustainable stormwater management (SSWM) practices, which replicate natural hydrologic processes and reduce the disruptive effects of urban development and runoff. SSWM has emerged as an altemative stormwater management approach that is complementary to conventional stormwater management measures. It is based on many ofthe natural processes found in the environment to treat stormwater runoff, balancing the need for engineered systems in urban development with natural features and treatment processes. -
Geomorphometric Delineation of Floodplains and Terraces From
Earth Surf. Dynam., 5, 369–385, 2017 https://doi.org/10.5194/esurf-5-369-2017 © Author(s) 2017. This work is distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License. Geomorphometric delineation of floodplains and terraces from objectively defined topographic thresholds Fiona J. Clubb1, Simon M. Mudd1, David T. Milodowski2, Declan A. Valters3, Louise J. Slater4, Martin D. Hurst5, and Ajay B. Limaye6 1School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Drummond Street, Edinburgh, EH8 9XP, UK 2School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, Crew Building, King’s Buildings, Edinburgh, EH9 3JN, UK 3School of Earth, Atmospheric, and Environmental Science, University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PL, UK 4Department of Geography, Loughborough University, Loughborough, LE11 3TU, UK 5School of Geographical and Earth Sciences, East Quadrangle, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8QQ, UK 6Department of Earth Sciences and St. Anthony Falls Laboratory, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA Correspondence to: Fiona J. Clubb ([email protected]) Received: 31 March 2017 – Discussion started: 12 April 2017 Revised: 26 May 2017 – Accepted: 9 June 2017 – Published: 10 July 2017 Abstract. Floodplain and terrace features can provide information about current and past fluvial processes, including channel response to varying discharge and sediment flux, sediment storage, and the climatic or tectonic history of a catchment. Previous methods of identifying floodplain and terraces from digital elevation models (DEMs) tend to be semi-automated, requiring the input of independent datasets or manual editing by the user. In this study we present a new method of identifying floodplain and terrace features based on two thresholds: local gradient, and elevation compared to the nearest channel. -
5Site Assessment
Site Assessment 55.1 Collecting Site Data 5.2 Analyzing and Interpreting Site Data 5.3 Project Site Risk Assessment 5.4 Document Key Design Considerations and Recommendations 5.5 Reference Reach: The Pattern for Stream- Simulation Design Stream Simulation Steps and Considerations in Site Assessment Sketch a planview map Topographic survey l Site and road topography. l Channel longitudinal profile. l Channel and flood-plain cross sections. Measure size and observe arrangement of bed materials l Pebble count or bulk sample. l Bed mobility and armoring. l Bed structure type and stability (steps, bars, key features). Describe bank characteristics and stability Conduct preliminary geotechnical investigation l Bedrock. l Soils. l Engineering properties. l Mass wasting. l Ground water. Analyze and interpret site data l Bed material size and mobility. l Cross section analysis. Flood-plain conveyance. Bank stability. Lateral adjustment potential. l Longitudinal profile analysis. Vertical adjustment potential. l General channel stability. Document key design considerations and recommendations. RESULTS Geomorphic characterization of reach. Engineering site plan map for design. Understanding of site risk factors and potential channel changes over structure lifetime. Detailed project objectives, including extent and objectives of any channel restoration. Design template for simulated streambed (reference reach). Figure 5.1—Steps and considerations in site assessment. Chapter 5—Site Assessment After verifying that the site is suitable for a crossing and will probably be suitable for stream simulation, the next step is to conduct a thorough site assessment. In this phase, you will collect the topographic and other data necessary for designing both the stream-simulation channel and the crossing structure and road approaches. -
River Terraces and Alluvial Fans: the Case for an Integrated Quaternary Fluvial Archive
University of Plymouth PEARL https://pearl.plymouth.ac.uk 01 University of Plymouth Research Outputs University of Plymouth Research Outputs 2016-10-21 River terraces and alluvial fans: The case for an integrated Quaternary fluvial archive Mather, A http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/6673 10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.09.022 Quaternary Science Reviews All content in PEARL is protected by copyright law. Author manuscripts are made available in accordance with publisher policies. Please cite only the published version using the details provided on the item record or document. In the absence of an open licence (e.g. Creative Commons), permissions for further reuse of content should be sought from the publisher or author. This is an accepted manuscript of an article published by Elsevier in Quaternary Science Reviews available at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.quascirev.2016.09.022 River terraces and alluvial fans: the case for an integrated Quaternary fluvial archive 1Mather, A.E., 1Stokes, M., 2Whitfield, E. 1School of Geography, Earth and Environmental Sciences, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth, PL4 8AA, UK 2School of Natural Sciences and Psychology, Liverpool John Moores University, Byrom Street, Liverpool L3 3AF, UK Abstract The fluvial archive literature is dominated by research on river terraces with appropriate mention of adjacent environments such as lakes. Despite modern sedimentary basins comprising a significant (>88%) volume of distributive fluvial systems, of which alluvial fans (>1km, <30km in scale) are a significant part, interaction with these environments tends to be neglected and discussed in separate literature. This paper examines the dynamic role of alluvial fans within the fluvial landscape and their interaction with river systems, highlighting the potential value of alluvial fans to the wider fluvial archive community. -
Fluvial Terrace on the Huntington River – Deglacial and Post-Glacial History of Northern Vermont
Geol 151 – Geomorphology Fall 2008 Your Name_________________________ Survey Partners_________________________ _________________________ _________________________ Fluvial Terrace on the Huntington River – Deglacial and Post-glacial History of Northern Vermont Fig 5.2 from Whalen, 1998. Schematic evolution of valley formation Introduction: We will return to the Huntington River Audubon Center this week to learn how to rapidly survey (using Pop-Levles) a flight of fluvial terraces formed during the deglacial and post-glacial history of the Huntington and Winooski River valleys, Vermont. In addition to these fast surveys, we will construct more detailed cross-sections of several fluvial features and terrace risers (scarps) cut into floodplains abandoned by the Huntington River during the Holocene using instruments called Auto-Levels. Finally, we will place the data we collect in the context of a pre-existing and comprehensive body of work assembled by Tim Whalen in 1998 in order to understand better how the landscape we tread upon today was created in the past through the actions of ice, falling levels of pro- glacial lakes, flowing water, changing climate, and the activities of humans over the past 200 years. What to hand in: This handout with all questions answered, your Pop Level and Auto Level field sketches drawn to scale, an excel plot of your auto-level cross-section (Completed by end of class on Friday), and your concept sketches of the Huntington River longitudinal profiles. 1 Geol 151 – Geomorphology Fall 2008 Gear we will need: • 5 GPS units • 5 of each the ortho and topo laminated maps. • 5 pop levels • 100 m, and several 30 m tapes. -
Sediment Pumping by Tidal Asymmetry in a Partially Mixed Estuary
W&M ScholarWorks VIMS Articles 2007 Sediment pumping by tidal asymmetry in a partially mixed estuary Malcolm Scully Carl T. Friedrichs Virginia Institute of Marine Science, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsarticles Part of the Marine Biology Commons Recommended Citation Scully, Malcolm and Friedrichs, Carl T., "Sediment pumping by tidal asymmetry in a partially mixed estuary" (2007). VIMS Articles. 276. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/vimsarticles/276 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in VIMS Articles by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. JOURNAL OF GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH, VOL. 112, C07028, doi:10.1029/2006JC003784, 2007 Sediment pumping by tidal asymmetry in a partially mixed estuary Malcolm E. Scully1 and Carl T. Friedrichs2 Received 28 June 2006; revised 22 February 2007; accepted 11 April 2007; published 28 July 2007. [1] Observations collected at two laterally adjacent locations are used to examine the processes driving sediment transport in the partially mixed York River Estuary. Estimates of sediment flux are decomposed into advective and pumping components, to evaluate the importance of tidal asymmetries in turbulent mixing. At the instrumented location in the estuarine channel, a strong asymmetry in internal mixing due to tidal straining is documented, with higher values of eddy viscosity occurring during the less-stratified flood tide. As a result of this asymmetry, more sediment is resuspended during the flood phase of the tide resulting in up-estuary pumping of sediment despite a net down-estuary advective flux. -
Mega Palace 5211 Route 38; Pennsauken, Nj 08109
STORMWATER MANAGEMENT REPORT MEGA PALACE 5211 ROUTE 38; PENNSAUKEN, NJ 08109 PREPARED FOR: MEGA PALACE INVESTMENT, LP 5201 ROUTE 38 PENNSAUKEN, NJ 08109 PREPARED BY: CIVIL & ENVIRONMENTAL CONSULTANTS, INC. 370 EAST MAPLE AVE; SUITE 304 LANGHORNE, PA 19047 CEC PROJECT 194-266 FEBRUARY 2020 REVISED MAY 2020 MEGA PALACE STORMWATER MANAGEMENT REPORT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 GENERAL PROJECT DESCRIPTION .........................................................................3 1.1 Site/Project Information .......................................................................................... 3 1.2 Owner of Record: Mega Palace Investment, LP ..................................................... 3 1.3 Existing Conditions ................................................................................................. 3 1.4 Soil Information ...................................................................................................... 4 1.5 Geologic Conditions ............................................................................................... 4 1.6 Proposed Development ........................................................................................... 5 2.0 STORMWATER MANAGEMENT.................................................................................5 2.1 Existing Stormwater Drainage ................................................................................ 5 2.1.1 Stonegate 1 ...................................................................................................5 2.1.2 Saigon Plaza .................................................................................................5 -
Chapter 10 Movement of Sediment by Water Flows
CHAPTER 10 MOVEMENT OF SEDIMENT BY WATER FLOWS INTRODUCTION 1 A simple flume experiment on sediment movement by a unidirectional current of water in a flume serves to introduce the material in this chapter. Place a layer of sediment in the flume, level it to have a planar surface, and establish a uniform flow at a certain depth and velocity. Gradually, in steps, increase the strength of the flow beyond the condition for incipient movement. The magnitude of the flow strength relative to what is required for incipient movement of the bed sediment is conventionally called the flow intensity, and is usually taken to be the ratio τo/τoc (or, what is the same, u*/u*c), where the subscript c denotes the threshold (“critical”) condition. 2 At first the particles move as bed load, by hopping, rolling, and/or sliding. Particle movement is neither continuous nor uniform over the bed: brief gusts or pulses of movement affect groups of particles locally, and seemingly randomly, on the bed. Particles move a short distance, stop, and then move again. Even when they are moving, they are generally not moving as fast as the fluid near the bed surface. 3 As the flow becomes stronger, some of the particles moving near the bed are lifted upward by upward-moving turbulent eddies and travel for more or less long distances downstream as suspended load. The stronger the flow and/or the finer the sediment, the greater is the concentration of suspended sediment, the higher it can travel in the flow, and the longer it moves downstream before returning to the bed. -
Optimal Allocation of Stormwater Pollution Control Technologies in a Watershed
OPTIMAL ALLOCATION OF STORMWATER POLLUTION CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES IN A WATERSHED DISSERTATION Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University by We-Bin Chen, M.A., B.S. * * * * * The Ohio State University 2006 Dissertation Committee: Approved by: Prof. Steven I. Gordon, Co-Adviser Co-Adviser Prof. Jean-Michel Guldmann, Co-Adviser Prof. Maria Manta Conroy Co-Adviser Graduate Program in City and Regional Planning ABSTRACT In recent decades, more than 90 percent of urban growth in the United States has taken place in the suburbs. The phenomenon, referred to as urban sprawl, has led to long-term degradation of environmental quality. Best Management Practices (BMPs) serve as novel effective technologies to reduce the movement of pollutants from land into surface or ground waters, in order to achieve water quality protection within natural and economic limitations. Four types of BMPs are discussed in this study—Pond, Wetland, Infiltration, and Filtering Systems. Each has different installation requirements, costs, and pollutant removal efficiency. The purpose of this research is to find out the minimum-cost combinations of these four technologies, with a focus on total suspended sediments (TSS), in order to achieve TMDL (Total Maximum Daily Loads) and EQS (Environmental Quality) standards. The methodology uses three major models: Spatial Model, Watershed Model, and Economic Model. These models provide suitability analyses for potential residential developments and BMP technology installations, stormwater and pollutant simulations, and minimum cost optimization procedure. ii The results of this research will provide a practical reference for decision making about the balance between the urban development and environment protection. -
1. Introduction
Introduction Inland Waterway Transport (IWT) is an important mode of transportation. In most situations it has the advantageof the least cost, least energy consumption and land saving, as compared to other modes of transportation. The order of the ratios between water, railway and road transportation is within the ranges of 1:2:5 in cost and 1:1.5:4 in energy consumption respectively. Although IWT is not as fast as railway or highway, it continues to be competitive for transportation of bulk products in fully developed countries such as the United States and European countries. In some developing countries today land routes are virtually nonexistent in some areas, and the simple roads or trails that do exist are inadequate for commercial transportation, especially in the rainy season. In such areas inland waterways are extremely important as transportation routes for people and supplies. The total length of waterways in Asia is about 167,000 kIn or one third of the world's total. IWT obviously is an important resource for Asian countries. The improvement and development of IWT will surely assistthe development and improvement of efficiency of waterborne commerce, and promote the expansion of existing production and development of new industrial and agricultural production. In short, improved commercial IWT can support the ..economic development of a region and, therefore, of the nation. ""; OF INLAND WATERWAYS Inland navigation channels for commercial traffic are generally of three types: open river waterways, canalized waterways, and canals. The choice of the type for any river, or any reach of a river, is determined by local conditions and finally by cost if more than one type of development is suitable. -
Fluvial Terrace Mapping: Eel and Van Duzen Rivers
GEOL 553 Lab 5: Fluvial Terrace Mapping: Eel and Van Duzen Rivers Summary In this lab, students learn about fluvial terraces as preserved along the Eel and Van Duzen Rivers in Humboldt County, California. Plate tectonic uplift, eustatic sea level, and millennial scale climate forcing factors have conspired to form and preserve these terrace landforms. Students will map the landforms using digital elevation data in the form of DEMs, shaded relief data, and slope data. The students will digitize their interpretations and make estimates of terrace elevations, relative to the active channel, from the digital data. The students will attempt to correlate terraces with each river system and between the two river systems. Finally, the students will create a map, prepare a figure plotting their terrace elevation results, and write a report. Goals Students will learn the following: To become familiar with fluvial terrace landforms To learn how to map these landforms in a GIS software application To learn how to correlate paired and unpaired terrace treads within a single river system, as well as between regional river systems. To hypothesize about the reasons why fluvial terraces may or may not correlate regionally. Background Fluvial processes are driven by gravity and mass fluxes, which include hydrologic and sedimentologic inputs and outputs. Potential energy is converted to kinetic energy via slope and moderated by base level. Steeper slopes lead to more energetic flow. The elevation of sea level or lake level is called base level. Changes in sea level or lake level can increase or decrease base level. Once rivers meet oceans or lakes, they no longer have elevation changes necessary to drive the energy transfer that causes rivers to flow. -
Fluvial Geomorphic and Hydrologic Evolution and Climate Change Resilience in Young Volcanic Landscapes: Rhyolite Plateau and Lamar Valley, Yellowstone National Park
University of New Mexico UNM Digital Repository Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs Electronic Theses and Dissertations Summer 7-15-2020 Fluvial Geomorphic and Hydrologic Evolution and Climate Change Resilience in Young Volcanic Landscapes: Rhyolite Plateau and Lamar Valley, Yellowstone National Park Benjamin Newell Burnett University of New Mexico Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/eps_etds Part of the Geology Commons, Geomorphology Commons, and the Hydrology Commons Recommended Citation Burnett, Benjamin Newell. "Fluvial Geomorphic and Hydrologic Evolution and Climate Change Resilience in Young Volcanic Landscapes: Rhyolite Plateau and Lamar Valley, Yellowstone National Park." (2020). https://digitalrepository.unm.edu/eps_etds/275 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at UNM Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Earth and Planetary Sciences ETDs by an authorized administrator of UNM Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected], [email protected]. i Benjamin Newell Burnett Candidate Earth and Planetary Sciences Department This dissertation is approved, and it is acceptable in quality and form for publication: Approved by the Dissertation Committee: Dr. Grant Meyer , Chairperson Dr. Peter Fawcett Dr. Leslie McFadden Dr. Julia Coonrod ii FLUVIAL GEOMORPHIC AND HYDROLOGIC EVOLUTION AND CLIMATE CHANGE RESILIENCE IN YOUNG VOLCANIC LANDSCAPES: RHYOLITE PLATEAU AND LAMAR VALLEY,