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Buddhism in America
Buddhism in America The Columbia Contemporary American Religion Series Columbia Contemporary American Religion Series The United States is the birthplace of religious pluralism, and the spiritual landscape of contemporary America is as varied and complex as that of any country in the world. The books in this new series, written by leading scholars for students and general readers alike, fall into two categories: some of these well-crafted, thought-provoking portraits of the country’s major religious groups describe and explain particular religious practices and rituals, beliefs, and major challenges facing a given community today. Others explore current themes and topics in American religion that cut across denominational lines. The texts are supplemented with care- fully selected photographs and artwork, annotated bibliographies, con- cise profiles of important individuals, and chronologies of major events. — Roman Catholicism in America Islam in America . B UDDHISM in America Richard Hughes Seager C C Publishers Since New York Chichester, West Sussex Copyright © Columbia University Press All rights reserved Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Seager, Richard Hughes. Buddhism in America / Richard Hughes Seager. p. cm. — (Columbia contemporary American religion series) Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN ‒‒‒ — ISBN ‒‒‒ (pbk.) . Buddhism—United States. I. Title. II. Series. BQ.S .'—dc – Casebound editions of Columbia University Press books are printed on permanent and durable acid-free paper. -
The Ven. Eido Tai Shimano Roshi, Founder of Two American Rinzai Zen
The Ven. Eido Tai Shimano Roshi, founder of two American Rinzai Zen temples, died February 18 shortly after presenting teachings at Shogen-ji Junior College in Gifu, Japan. He was 85. He moved to Hawaii in 1960 after many years of intensive practice at Ryutaku-ji in Mishima, Japan with the late Soen Nakagawa Roshi. He settled in New York City in 1965, and was asked to become president of the Zen Studies Society, which had been established in 1956 to assist the Buddhist scholar D.T. Suzuki in his pioneering efforts to introduce Zen to the West. He established New York Zendo Shobo-Ji, on the Upper East Side of Manhattan, on Sept. 15, 1968, and International Dai Bosatsu Zendo Kongo-Ji, in the Catskill Mountains of Upstate New York, on July 4, 1976. Eido Roshi received Dharma Transmission from Soen Nakagawa Roshi on Sept. 15, 1972, and served as the abbot of New York Zendo and Dai Bosatsu Zendo until his retirement in 2010. He was the author of Points of Departure; Golden Wind; and Zen Word, Zen Calligraphy. He brought out a translation of The Book of Rinzai: the Recorded Sayings of Master Rinzai, and translated several volumes of Eihei Dogen’s Shobogenzo. He gave teachings and held retreats throughout the world, and was the recipient of the Bukkyo Dendo Kyokai award, honoring his remarkable achievements and contributions in bringing the teachings of Buddhism to the West. In the Postscript to his section of the book Namu Dai Bosa: A Transmission of Zen Buddhism to America, edited by Louis Nordstrom, Eido Roshi wrote: “On the Way to Dai Bosatsu I met many travelers. -
Fall 1969 Wind Bell
PUBLICATION OF ZEN •CENTER Volume Vilt Nos. 1-2 Fall 1969 This fellow was a son of Nobusuke Goemon Ichenose of Takahama, the province of Wakasa. His nature was stupid and tough. When he was young, none of his relatives liked him. When he was twelve years old, he was or<Llined as a monk by Ekkei, Abbot of Myo-shin Monastery. Afterwards, he studied literature under Shungai of Kennin Monastery for three years, and gained nothing. Then he went to Mii-dera and studied Tendai philosophy under Tai-ho for. a summer, and gained nothing. After this, he went to Bizen and studied Zen under the old teacher Gisan for one year, and attained nothing. He then went to the East, to Kamakura, and studied under the Zen master Ko-sen in the Engaku Monastery for six years, and added nothing to the aforesaid nothingness. He was in charge of a little temple, Butsu-nichi, one of the temples in Engaku Cathedral, for one year and from there he went to Tokyo to attend Kei-o College for one year and a half, making himself the worst student there; and forgot the nothingness that he had gained. Then he created for himself new delusions, and came to Ceylon in the spring of 1887; and now, under the Ceylon monk, he is studying the Pali Language and Hinayana Buddhism. Such a wandering mendicant! He ought to <repay the twenty years of debts to those who fed him in the name of Buddhism. July 1888, Ceylon. Soyen Shaku c.--....- Ocean Wind Zendo THE KOSEN ANO HARADA LINEAOES IN AMF.RICAN 7.llN A surname in CAI':> andl(:attt a Uhatma heir• .l.incagea not aignilleant to Zen in Amttka arc not gi•cn. -
Married Monastics and Military Life: Contradictions and Conflicted Identities Within South Korea’S Buddhist Chaplaincy System
religions Article Married Monastics and Military Life: Contradictions and Conflicted Identities within South Korea’s Buddhist Chaplaincy System Kyungrae Kim and Cheonghwan Park * Department of Buddhist Studies, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 13 April 2020; Accepted: 19 May 2020; Published: 21 May 2020 Abstract: Since its modern origins in the Buddhist Purification Movement of the 1950s, South Korea’s Jogye Order has established monastic celibacy as central to its identity and claim to legitimacy as a Buddhist sect. However, in the order’s urgency to introduce Buddhist chaplains to the South Korean military in the 1960s, after almost two decades of Protestant monopoly over the chaplaincy program, the Jogye Order permitted its chaplains to marry; a practice which soon became the norm. This contradiction grew increasingly problematic for the order over subsequent decades and, in 2009, it attempted to resolve the issue by reversing the marriage exception for chaplains, reinforcing their identity as monastics within the order. While controversial, the resolution has proved effective in practice. However, this reversal has also provoked unprecedented lawsuits against South Korea’s Ministry of National Defense in 2017 and a ruling by Korea’s Human Rights Commission in 2018, challenging the Jogye Order’s exclusive control of the military’s Buddhist chaplaincies. Given the challenges these issues currently present to the Jogye Order’s chaplaincy program, this article interrogates the origins, history, significance, and impact of the issues surrounding the order’s marriage exemption for its military chaplains. Keywords: Jogye Order; monastic celibacy; Purification Movement; military chaplains; contemporary Korean Buddhism 1. -
Hakuun Yasutani Roshi
Hakuun Yasutani Roshi 10 ZEN MOUNT AlN CENTER REPORT VASUTANI ROSHl ANDSOEN ROSH! VISITTASSAJARA In July Zen Mountain Center was visited by the masters and teachers of the Zen Studies Society and affiliated zendos, and of rhe lineage of Nyogen Senuld, the fuse Zen teacher in western America. In the gTOUp were Hakuun Vasutani Roshi., successor of Harada Roshi; Soen Nakagawa Roshi, abbot of Ryurakuji and Senzaki Scnsei's choice as his successor in America: Eido Tai Shimano Sensci, resident monk of the Zen Studies Society and disciple of Soen Roshi; Robert Aiken, Chairman of the Diamond Sangha in Honolulu and a former disciple of Seniaki Sensci; Charles Gooding, President of the Los Angeles Bosatsu-kai, the organization of the students of Senzaki Sensei; Ryoju Yasutani Sensei, the son of Yasutani Roshi; and Hakuyu Maezumi Scnsei, teacher at the Los Angeles Zen Center. Suzuki Rosbi bad not known Socn Roshi and had only briefly met Vasutani Roshl, so this coming together in America was both unique and significant. Their feeling was that Zen should not be sectarian. that, as Vasutani Roshi suggested, "ancient Chinese Zen shouJd be our model." Suzuki Roshl explained to the srudents later that "in China the Zen schools were formed by the disciples and descendants of the Sixth Patriarch. These disciples and descendants knew each other and considered themselves dharma brothers and would advise their srudents to leave them and go srudy with another of the Sixth Patriarch's disciples and descendantS. Most of them came back co their reacher, but some did not. It is a good idea to give students freedom to Hudy whatever teaching they want," Most of the Zen center students had not met masters from other schools before, though some had attended sesshins conducted by Yasutani Roshi and one had studied with Soen Roshi at Ryutakuji. -
Brother David Steindl-Rast Papers
Special Collections and University Archives : University Libraries Brother David Steindl-Rast Papers 1926-2010 22 boxes (33 linear ft.) Call no.: MS 892 Collection overview Brother David Steindl-Rast was born Franz Kuno in Vienna, Austria, in 1926. He discovered The Rule of St. Benedict as a young man, which sent him on a search for an authentic version of Benedictine practice. This search brought him through the Second World War in Vienna, where he earned a Ph.D from the University of Vienna in 1952 and to the Mount Savior Monastery in Elmira, New York, where he became a monk in 1953. Along with his friend Thomas Merton, Brother David is one of the most important figures in the modern interfaith dialogue movement, leaving Mount Savior in the mid-1960s to study Zen Buddhism with Hakuun Yajutami, Shunayu Suzuki, and Soen Nakagawa. He was the first Benedictine to learn directly from Buddhist teachers and received Vatican support for his bridge-building work in 1967. Through Merton, Brother David met Thich Nhat Hanh, who introduced him to the peace movement and grounded Brother David's spirituality in a tradition of activism. When not in seclusion, Brother David has served as a teacher of contemplative prayer, the intersection of Zen and Catholicism, and gratefulness as a spiritual practice. Through many books and articles, lectures, and residencies in spiritual centers like Tassajara and the Esalen Institute, Brother David has developed an influential philosophy and much of the current popularity of mindfulness and Zen-influenced living and activism owes a debt to his teachings. -
Zen Master in America
The Zen Master in America: Dressing the Donkey with Bells and Scarves Stuart Lachs1 Paper delivered at the Annual Meeting of the American Academy of Religion, Washington D.C., Nov. 18, 2006. “It is almost always instructive to look at the actual evidence for what are taken to be ‘established facts’….”2 Modern day Zen masters/roshi,3 while enjoying the decided advantage of being part of a tradition that imputes to them quasi-divine qualities, suffer the disadvantage of living in an age of widespread information. Thus, while the image of the Zen masters of the past bask in the unquestioned glow of hagiography, modern day Zen masters risk charges of alcoholism, sexual harassment, and the threat of lawsuits, all of which can end up in books, newspapers or on the web. The accessibility to the lives of modern masters allows us to examine them more accurately than their counterparts, the ancient masters of China, Japan and Korea.4 1 I welcome comments from the reader. Please send to [email protected]. 2 Schopen, Gregory, “Monks and the Relic Cult in the Mahaparinibbasutta: An Old Misunderstanding in Regard to Monastic Buddhism,” in From Benares to Beijing: Essays on Buddhism and Chinese Religion, ed. by Koichi Shinohara and Gregory Schopen, Mosaic Press, 1991, p.187. 3 The terms Zen master and roshi while technically may have different meanings, for the purposes of this paper they will be used interchangeably. Most American Zen students use the terms interchangeably. 4See Downing, Michael, Shoes Outside the Door: Desire, Devotion, and Excess at San Francisco Zen Center, Counterpoint, 2001, and Butler, Katy, “Events are the Teacher,” The CoEvolution Quarterly, winter 1983, pp. -
Untitled [Richard Mcbride on a Handbook of Korean Zen Practice: a Mirror on the Sŏn School of Buddhism (Sŏn'ga Kwigam)]
John Jorgensen. A Handbook of Korean Zen Practice: A Mirror on the Sŏn School of Buddhism (Sŏn'ga kwigam). Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2015. 328 pp. $49.00, cloth, ISBN 978-0-8248-4097-6. Reviewed by Richard McBride Published on H-Buddhism (September, 2015) Commissioned by Gregory A. Scott (University of Edinburgh) A Handbook of Korean Zen Practice is the the late sixteenth century due to the Japanese in‐ third installment in the new Korean Classics Li‐ vasion of Korea (1592–1598); the translation of the brary: Philosophy and Religion Series published Sŏn’ga kwigam; an appendix of published edi‐ by the University of Hawai‘i Press. At its core, the tions of the Sŏn’ga kwigam, notes; a bibliography book is an annotated translation of the oldest ex‐ and an index. tant edition of Sŏn’ga kwigam (Models for Sŏn Jorgensen’s translation of the Sŏn’ga kwigam Practitioners), which was frst written in the Kore‐ is accessible to both scholarly and general audi‐ an vernacular script as a handbook for Sŏn ences. It is the frst Anglophone translation of the monks by Sŏsan Hyujŏng (1520–1604) and pub‐ Korean vernacular (ŏnhae) edition of Hyujŏng’s lished in 1569. John Jorgensen, however, has pro‐ work, which was initially written as an introduc‐ vided much more than merely a scholarly transla‐ tory guide for students and lay believers interest‐ tion and annotation of this influential work, ed in Sŏn Buddhism. This version of the Sŏn’ga which, in a variety of forms and recensions, is still kwigam comprises 153 sections dealing with nu‐ widely read by monks and lay practitioners in merous topics seminal to the growth and develop‐ contemporary South Korea. -
“Zen Has No Morals!” - the Latent Potential for Corruption and Abuse in Zen Buddhism, As Exemplified by Two Recent Cases
“Zen Has No Morals!” - The Latent Potential for Corruption and Abuse in Zen Buddhism, as Exemplified by Two Recent Cases by Christopher Hamacher Paper presented on 7 July 2012 at the International Cultic Studies Association's annual conference in Montreal, Canada. Christopher Hamacher graduated in law from the Université de Montréal in 1994. He has practiced Zen Buddhism in Japan, America and Europe since 1999 and run his own Zen meditation group since 2006. He currently works as a legal translator in Munich, Germany. Christopher would like to thank Stuart Lachs, Kobutsu Malone and Katherine Masis for their help in writing this paper. 1 “Accusations, slander, attributions of guilt, alleged misconduct, even threats and persecution will not disturb [the Zen Master] in his practice. Defending himself would mean participating again in a dualistic game that he has moved beyond.” - Dr. Klaus Zernickow1 “It is unfair to conclude that my silence implies that I must be what the letters say I am. Indeed, in Japan, to protest too much against an accusation is considered a sign of guilt.” - Eido T. Shimano2 1. INTRODUCTION Zen Buddhism was long considered by many practitioners to be immune from the scandals that occasionally affect other religious sects. Zen’s iconoclastic approach, based solely on the individual’s own meditation experience, was seen as a healthy counterpoint to the more theistic and moralistic world-views, whose leading proponents often privately flouted the very moral codes that they preached. The unspoken assumption in Zen has always been that the meditation alone naturally freed the accomplished practitioner from life's moral quandaries, without the need for rigid rules of conduct imposed from above. -
Dai Bosatsu Zendo
International Dai Bosatsu Zendo A Zen Buddhist Monastery in the Catskill Mountains, New York Ill i "As I was a new monk, I did not know why Of his first ten years in New York, Eido Roshi has N yogen Senzaki had come to Japan. I did not even said that "Bodhisattvas appeared everywhere." In know who he was." The "new monk," in 1956, ten years he had known uncertainty and hardship, was Eido Tai Shiinano. Nyogen Senzaki had come but in those years he had revived the Zen Studies to visit his teacher, Soen Nakagawa Roshi , the Ab- Society, established a Zendo in rnid-town Manhat- bot of Ryutaku-Ji. The next year, 1957, Soen Roshi tan (New York Zendo Shobo-Ji],and in 1972 was asked Eido if he would be willing to "live in embarked on building Dai Bosatsu Zendo Kongo- America" for a year as an attendant monk to Ji. That year Soen Roshi recognized him as a Dhar- Nyogen Senzaki . Eido Tai Shimano corresponded ma Heir, and installed him as Abbot of The Zen with Nyogen Senzaki; he read the letters of Studies Society. Nyogen Senzaki in preparation for his new life as Soen Roshi died in 1984, two years after his last a monk in America. visit to the United States. He had sent one of his N yogen Senzaki died in the spring of 1958, in the monks to America. It was his way of teaching, of midst of Eido Tai Shinlano's preparations to leave bridging East to West. In his lifetime he could say Japan. -
Gongan Collections I 公案集公案集 Gongangongan Collectionscollections I I Juhn Y
7-1 COLLECTED WORKS OF KOREAN BUDDHISM 7-1 GONGAN COLLECTIONS I COLLECTIONS GONGAN 公案集公案集 GONGANGONGAN COLLECTIONSCOLLECTIONS I I JUHN Y. AHN JUHN Y. (EDITOR) JOHN JORGENSEN COLLECTED WORKS OF KOREAN BUDDHISM VOLUME 7-1 公案集 GONGAN COLLECTIONS I Collected Works of Korean Buddhism, Vol. 7-1 Gongan Collections I Edited by John Jorgensen Translated by Juhn Y. Ahn Published by the Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism Distributed by the Compilation Committee of Korean Buddhist Thought 45 Gyeonji-dong, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-170, Korea / T. 82-2-725-0364 / F. 82-2-725-0365 First printed on June 25, 2012 Designed by ahn graphics ltd. Printed by Chun-il Munhwasa, Paju, Korea © 2012 by the Compilation Committee of Korean Buddhist Thought, Jogye Order of Korean Buddhism This project has been supported by the Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism, Republic of Korea. ISBN: 978-89-94117-10-2 ISBN: 978-89-94117-17-1 (Set) Printed in Korea COLLECTED WORKS OF KOREAN BUDDHISM VOLUME 7-1 公案集 GONGAN COLLECTIONS I EDITED BY JOHN JORGENSEN TRANSLATED AND ANNOTATED BY JUHN Y. AHN i Preface to The Collected Works of Korean Buddhism At the start of the twenty-first century, humanity looked with hope on the dawning of a new millennium. A decade later, however, the global village still faces the continued reality of suffering, whether it is the slaughter of innocents in politically volatile regions, the ongoing economic crisis that currently roils the world financial system, or repeated natural disasters. Buddhism has always taught that the world is inherently unstable and its teachings are rooted in the perception of the three marks that govern all conditioned existence: impermanence, suffering, and non-self. -
For the Bongam-Sa Temple
) special issue (i) The Bongam-sa Temple Pact organized in 1947 in Sixtieth Commemorative Dharma Assemb Mungyeong-gun has a significant meaning for the Jogye Order. In addition to the revival of the traditional style and for the Bongam-sa Temple practice of Korean Buddhism which became dilapidated during the thirty-six years of Japanese colonial rule, it was actually the birth of Jogye Order of today. Translated by Young-eui Park ([email protected]) Resolution of the Revival of Traditional Practice by Self-purification and Contrition The Sixtieth Commemorative Dharma Assembly for Bongam-sa Pact for the revival of traditional prac tice was held at 11 o'clock on the 19th of October at Bongam-sa Temple on Mt. Huiyang, Munggyeong County, North Gyeongsang Province with the as semblage of about 10,000 monks and lay-people. The Dharma Assembly was started during a light rain in the front courtyard of that famous temple. After a brief report of the preparation of the assembly, Hamhyeon Seunim, Abbot of Bongam-sa Temple, read the following opening address: "Korean Bud dhism today is beset with all kinds of grave problems, both spiritual and material, and we the members of assembly here today feel the great responsibility for the crisis. The sweet rice porridge has turned to a bitter diet and wearing a fine Dharma-robe feels heavier than the great mountain. We humbly accept the criti cism and reproof from both within the Order and society, and I sincerely thank for all the participants of assembly here today for attending this Dharma Assembly of Contrition." Following the reading of the rules of temple com- ^JANTERN Winter 2007 5 © special issue (i) munal life, there was a commemoration address of Buddha should be practiced in our daily life.