PROCEEDINGS

of the

ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

FOUNDED FEBRUARY, 1892

Ninety-Fifth Year

1987

Annual Meeting

Mt. Vernon, Illinois

October 1-2, 1987

Illinois Mining Institute, Champaign, Illinois Published by Illinois Mining Institute, 615 E. Peabody Drive, Champaign, Illinois, 61820 Typesetting and Printing by Crousc Printing and Mailing Service Co., Champaign, II. 61820 MACK H. SHUMATE

PRESIDENT 1986-87 THE COAL MINER True — he plays no grandstand role in life But his importance is vital, great and just: For without his toil in earth's caverns deep, Civilization would soon crumble into the dust. AD 1964 From his poem — Vachel Davis (Dedicaled on Stale Capitol Lawn, Springfield, Illinois, October 16, 1964) IN MEMORY

Of

All Deceased Members

Of the

ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

John H. Bell

James Bilderbach

J. Roy Browning

Stuart Colnon

Barton R. Gebhart

Ralph J. Green

Carl T. Hayden

E. S. Moran, Jr.

William A. Schettler

Tony Shimkus OFFICERS 1986-87

PRESIDENT Mack H. Shumalc Zeigler Coal Company Fairview Heights, Illinois

VICE PRESIDENT M. E. Hopkins Pcabody Development Company St. Eouis, Illinois

SECRETARY—TREASURER ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT Heinz H. Dambergcr Phyllis Godwin Illinois State Geological Survey 203 Natural Resources Building 615 East Peabody Drive 615 East Peabody Drive Champaign, Illinois 61820 Champaign, Illinois 61820 (217) 333-5115 (217) 867-2656

EXECUTIVE BOARD J. Robert Danko ('88) Ronald E. Morse ('87) George R. Eadie ('88) Hubert W. Myers ('89) William D. Hake ('88) Taylor Pensoneau ('87) Robert W. Hollowav ('89) Gordon L. Roberts ('87) Daniel S. Hunter ('89) Joseph (Spike) Schonthal, Jr. ('87) Peter B. Lilly ('88) Richard R Shoekley, ex-officio Danny G. Wooton ('89)

IMI COMMITTEES FOR 1986-87

ADVERTISING COMMITTEE AUDITING COMMITTEE CoChairmen Sheridan "Rusty" Glen, Chairman Walter Brandlein George Widugiris HONORARY LIFE PROGRAM COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE Heinz H. Dambcrger, Chairman John C. Bennett, Chairman

NOMINATING COMMITTEE SCHOLARSHIP COMMITTEE William H. Mullins, Chairman Yogindcr Paul Chugh, Chairman

MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE M. E. Hopkins, Chairman OFFICERS 1987-88

PRESIDENT M. E. Hopkins Peabody Development Company St. Louis, Missouri

VICE PRESIDENT George L. May Monterey Coal Company Carlinvillc, Illinois

SECRETARY—TREASURER ADMINISTRATIVE ASSISTANT Heinz H. Damberger Phyllis Godwin Illinois State Geological Survey 200 Natural Resources Building 615 East Peabody Drive 615 East Peabody Drive Champaign, Illinois 61820 Champaign, Illinois 61820 (217)333-5115 (217)867-2656

EXECUTIVE BOARD Paul Clites ('90) Peter B. Lilly ('88) J. Robert Danko ('88) Hubert W. Myers ('89) George R. Eadie ('88) Michael K. Reilly ('90) Carl D. Griffiths ('90) Richard R. Shockley, ex officio William D. Hake ('88) David C. Webb ('90) Robert W. Holloway ('89) Danny G. Wooton ('89) Daniel S. Hunter ('89)

IMI COMMITTEES FOR 1987-88

ADVERTISING COMMITTEE AUDITING COMMITTEE Walter Brandlcin, Chairman Richard R. Shockley, Chairman

HONORARY MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE William D. Hake, Chairman Michael K. Reilly, Chairman

NOMINATING COMMITTEE PROGRAM COMMITTEE Mack H. Shumate, Chairman Danny G. Wooton, Co-Chairman Heinz H. Damberger, Co-Chairman

SCHOLARSHIP COMMITTEE George Woods, Chairman PAST PRESIDENTS OF ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE Founded February, 1892 1892-93 JAMES C. SIMPSON, Gen Mgr., Consolidated Coal Co., St. Louis, MO. 1893-94 JAMES C. SIMPSON, Gen. Mgr., Consolidated Coal Co., St. Louis, MO. 1894-95 WALTON RUTLEDGE, State Mine Inspector, Alton, IL. 1895-1911 Institute Inactive. 1912-13 JOHN P. REESE, Gen. Supt., Superior Coal Co., Gillespie, IL. 1913-14 THOMAS MOSES, Supt., Bunsen Coal Co., Georgetown, IL. 1914-15 J. W. STARKS, State Mine Inspector, Georgetown, IL. 1915-16 WILLIAM BURTON, V.P., Illinois Miners, Springfield, IL. 1916-17 FRED PFAHLER, Gen. Supt., Superior Coal Co., Gillespie, IL. 1917-18 PATRICK HOGAN, State Mine Inspector, Carbon, IL. 1918-19 WILLIAM HALL, Miners Examining Board, Springfield, IL. 1919-20 WILLIAM HALL, Miners Examining Board, Springfield, IL. 1920-21 FRANK R. TIRRE, Supt., North Breese Coal & Mining Co., Breese, IL. 1921-22 PROF. H. H. STOEK, Mining Dept., University of Illinois, Urbana, IL. 1922-23 JOHN G. MILLHOUSE, State Mine Inspector, Litchfield, IL. 1923-24 D. D. WILCOX, C. E., Superior Coal Co., Gillespie, IL. 1924-25 H. E. SMITH, Gen. Supt., Union Fuel Co., Springfield, IL. 1925-26 E. G. LEWIS, Supt., Chicago-Sandoval Coal Co., Sandoval, IL. 1926-27 WM. E. KIDD, State Mine Inspector, Peoria, IL. 1927-28 JAMES S. ANDERSON, Supt., Madison Coal Corp., Glen Carbon, IL. 1928-29 JOHN E. JONES, Safety Engineer, Old Ben Coal Corp., West Frankfort, IL. 1929-30 PROF. A. C. CALLEN, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL. 1930-31 JOSEPH D. ZOOK, Pres., Illinois Coal Operators Assn., Chicago, IL. 1931-32 GEO. C. McFADDEN, Asst. Vice Pres., Pcabody Coal Co., Chicago, IL. 1932-33 CHAS. F. HAMILTON, Vice Pres., West Virginia Coal Co., St. Louis, MO. 1933-34 HARRY A. TREADWELL, Gen. Supt., C. W. & F. Coal Co., Benton, IL. 1934-35 C. J. SANDOE, Vice Pres., West Virginia Coal Co., St. Louis, MO. 1935-36 T. J. THOMAS, Pres., Valicr Coal Co., Chicago, IL. 1936-37 W. J. JENKINS, Pres., Consolidated Coal Co., St. Louis, MO. 1937-38 H. H. TAYLOR, FR., Franklin County Coal Corp., Chicago, IL. 1938-39 PAUL WEIR, Consulting Mining Engineer, Chicago, IL. 1939^0 ROY L. ADAMS, Old Ben Coal Corp., West Frankfort, IL. 1940-41 DR. M. M. LEIGHTON, State Geological Survey, Urbana, IL. 1941-42 J. A. JEFFERIS, Illinois Terminal Railroad Co., St. Louis, MO. 1942-43 CARL T. HAYDEN, Sahara Coal Co., Chicago, IL. 1943-44 BEN H. SCHULL, Binley Mining Co., Chicago, IL.

8 1944-45 GEORGE F. CAMPBELL, Old Ben Coal Corp., Chicago, IL. 1945-46 JOSEPH E. HITT, Walter Bledsoe Co., St. Louis, MO. 1946-47 ROBERT M. MEDILL, Dept. Mines & Minerals, Springfield, IL. 1947-48 HARRY M. MOSES, H. C. Frick Coal Co., Pittsburgh, PA. 1948-49 J. ROY BROWNING, Illinois Coal Operators Assn., Chicago, IL. 1949-50 T. G. GEROW, Truax-Traer Coal Co., Chicago, IL. 1950-51 G. S. JENKINS, Consolidated Coal Co., St. Louis, MO. 1951-52 CLAYTON G. BALL, Paul Weir Co., Chicago, IL. 1952-53 WILLIAM W. BOLT, Pawnee, IL. 1953-54 HAROLD L. WALKER, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL. 1954-55 J. W. MacDONALD, Old Ben Coal Corp., Benton, IL. 1955-56 EARL SNARR, Freeman Coal Mining Corp., Hinsdale, IL. 1956-57 PAUL HALBERSLEBEN, Sahara Coal Co., Harrisburg, IL. 1957-58 H. C. LIVINGSTON, Truax-Traer Coal Co., Chicago, IL. 1958-59 A. G. GOSSARD, Snow Hill Coal Corp., Terre Haute, IN. 1959-60 H. C. McCOLLUM, Peabody Coal Company, St. Louis, MO. 1960-61 STUART COLNON, Bell & Zoller Coal Co., Chicago, IL. 1961-62 ROBERT J. HEPBURN, United Electric Coal Companies, Chicago, IL. 1962-63 JOHN P. WEIR, Weir Co., Chicago, IL. 1963-64 E. T. MORONI, Old Ben Coal Corp., Benton, IL. 1964-65 JOHN W. BROADWAY, Bell & Zoller Coal Co., Chicago, IL. 1965-66 B. R. GEBHART, Freeman Coal Mining Corp., Chicago, IL. 1966-67 C. A. BROECKER, Ayrshire Collieries Corp., Indianapolis, IN. 1967-68 JOSEPH CRAGGS, Peabody Coal Co., Taylorville, IL. 1968-69 CLAYTON F. SLACK, Sahara Coal Co., Inc., Chicago, IL. 1969-70 JOSEPH Q. BERTA, Truax-Traer Coal Co., Pinckneyville, IL. 1970-71 R. F. DONALDSON, Untied Electric Coal Co., Chicago, IL. 1971-72 CECIL C. BAILIE, Old Ben Coal Corp., Benton, IL. 1972-73 E. MINOR PACE, Inland Steel Co. Sesser, IL. 1973-74 ARTHUR L. TOWLES, Zeigler Coal Co., Johnston City, IL. 1974-75 DALE E. WALKER, Southwestern Illinois Coal Corp., Percy, IL. 1975-76 M. V. HARRELL, Freeman United Coal Mining Co., Chicago, IL. 1976-77 JOHN J. SENSE, Tosco Mining Corp., Pittsburgh, PA. 1977-78 BILL F. EADS, Monterey Coal Co., Carlinville, IL. 1978-79 WILLIAM E. WILL, Peabody Coal Co., Evansville, IN. 1979-80 CHARLES E. BOND, Consolidation Coal Co., Springfield, IL. 1980-81 WALTER S. LUCAS, Sahara Coal Co., Inc., Harrisburg, IL. 1981-82 JACK A. SIMON, Illinois State Geological Survey, Urbana, IL. 1982-83 H. ELKINS PAYNE, AMAX Coal Company, Indianapolis, IN 1983-84 JAMES D. CHADY, Old Ben Coal Company, Benton, IL. 1984-85 ROBERT M. IZARD, Midland Coal Co., Farmington, IL. 1985-86 DAVID A. BEERBOWER, Freeman United Coal Mining Co., Mt. Vernon, IL. 1986-87 MACK H. SHUMATE, Zeigler Coal Co., Fairvicw Heights, IL. LIST OF CURRENT HONORARY MEMBERS*

1966-67 Carl T. Haydcn, Sahara Coal Co., Chicago, IL 1968-69 Jack A. Simon, IL State Geological Survey, Champaign, IL 1970-71 J. W. Mac Donald, Consultant, Benton, IL 1972-73 Frank Nugent, Freeman United Coal Mining Co., Chicago, IL 1973-74 Paul Halbersleben, Sahara Coal Co., Inc. Harrisburg, IL 1974-75 Clayton G. Ball, Paul Weir Co., Chicago, IL 1975-76 C. C. Conway, National Mine Service, Nashville, IL 1975-76 M. E. Hopkins, Peabody Development Co., St. Louis, MO 1976-77 Nate G. Perrine, Nate Perrinc Sales Co., Collinsville, IL 1978-79 Cletus A. Broccker, Consultant, Indianapolis, IN 1981-82 Joseph Schonthal, J. Schonthal & Associates, Highland Park, IL 1982-83 J. A. Bottomley, Sahara Coal Co., Inc. Harrisburg, IL 1983-84 Betty Conerty, Illinois Mining Institute, Urbana,IL 1983-84 Joe Craggs, Peabody Coal Co., Taylorville, IL 1984-85 E. T. Moroni, Old Ben Coal Co., Herrin, IL 1984-85 E. Minor Pace, Inland Steel Coal Co., Mt. Vernon, IL 1985-86 Russell T. Dawe, Inland Steel Coal Co., Valicr, IL 1986-87 E. H. Roberts, Inland Steel Coal Co., Mt. Vernon, IL 1987-88 William E. Will, Peabody Coal Co., St. Louis, MO

'Affiliations listed are at time of award.

10 CONTENTS Page

President Mack H. Shumate 3 The Coal Miner 4 In Memory of 5 Officers, 1986-87 6 Officers, 1987-88 7 Past Presidents 8 Honorary Members 10

NINETY-FIFTH ANNUAL MEETING THURSDAY AFTERNOON SESSION

Welcome—Mack H. Shumate 15 Technical Session—Wayne Reno and Richard Freeman, Moderators Opening Remarks Wayne Reno 17 Richard Freeman 23

Panel: Utilization of Illinois Coal from the Utility Point of View

An Electric Utility in the Year 2000, Tampa Electric Co., Tam pa, Florida William Cantrell 24

Coal-burn at Union Electric Power Plants Patrick Harrington 29

Illinois Power Company's Commitment to Illinois Coal Charles Kileen 33

Wisconsin Environmental Regulations Versus Illinois Coal at Dairyland Power Cooperative Doug Peterson 39

FRIDAY MORNING

Business Session—President Mack H. Shumate 53

Secretary-Treasurer's Report—Heinz H. Damberger 53

Nominating Committee Report—William H. Mullins 55

11 Honorary Membership Report—John C. Bennett 55

Advertising Committee Report—Walter Brandlein 56

Scholarship Committee Report—Paul Chugh 56

FRIDAY MORNING TECHNICAL SESSION

Technical Session—David Stritzel, Chairman 61 Improving Health, Safety, and Productivity through the Use of Machine-Mounted Scrubbers Natesa I. Jayaraman, Robert A. Jankowski, and David L. Stritzel 62

Monitoring and Control at the Wabash Mine David R. Rinehart 76 Computer Usage at Kcrr-McGee's Galatia Mine Preparation Plant Stephen R. Reed 82 Political Potpourri—Actions and Reactions, Technical and Political Dialogues on Acid Rain and Numerous Side Issues Tom Madsen and Patricia Vopelak 89

Use of Illinois Coal in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers (e.g. at the B. F. Goodrich Plant in Henry, Illinois) Mark Walker 96

LUNCHEON MEETING FRIDAY AFTERNOON President Mack H. Shumate presiding 103

Introduction of Officers and Guests—Mack H. Shumate 103

John Bennett presents Honorary Membership Certificate to William E. Will 106

Energy Independence Richard Lawson 109

The Presidents: Mack H. Shumate and M. E. Hopkins 117

Exhibitors at 95th Annual Meeting 118

12 CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS 120

MEMBERSHIP LIST Life Members 124

Active Members 125

ADVERTISING SECTION 1 Index to Advertisers 160

13 - a a B

14 PROCEEDINGS OF THE ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

Ninety-Fifth Annual Meeting Mt. Vernon, Illinois Thursday and Friday, October 1-2, 1987 The Illinois Mining Institute presented a pre-convention short course for the first time at its 95th meeting. The course comprised two half-day sc- sions held Wednesday afternoon, September 30 and Thursday morning, Oc tober 1. The course, "The Use of Geophysical Logs for the Exploration and Development of Coal," was designed to teach geologists and engineers how to use geophysical logs as an information source for the exploration and development of coal deposits. It was conducted by Colin G. Treworgy, Il linois State Geological Survey and Michael G. Seal, BPB Instruments, Inc. Twenty-seven individuals participated in the course, representing coal com panies and universities. Plans are to include instructional pre-convention workshops at future meetings of the Illinois Mining Institute. The opening session ofthe 95th Annual Meeting ofthe Illinois Mining Institute was convened at 2:00 P.M., Thursday, October I, 1987 in the ballroom in the Ramada Hotel. Mack Shumate, President ofthe Institute, presided.

President Shumate: I call to order the 95th meeting of the Illinois Min ing Institute. My name is Mack Shumate. I am retired from Zeigler Coal Company February this year. Someone said: "Well, that makes you a lame- duck president." Perhaps, but at least I have had an opportunity to spend 100 percent of the time at the job. In spite of retirement, it has been my pleasure to serve as your president in this the second year away from Spring field; the 94th meeting paved the way for a successful meeting this year, and things are looking good. We are pleased with the work of the members of the Institute and the contributions they have made. You will see the fruits of their labor as the meeting develops. And this year, we expect an increase in attendance. The Illinois Mining Institute is an arena for exchange of information and fellowship for the mining community in Illinois and the midwestern area. Two years ago, the board made a survey that revealed the membership wanted this show closer to the mining activities. Following the Technical Session this afternoon, we will have a recep tion and dinner dance. Tomorrow's Business Meeting will be followed by an interesting Technical Session. After the session, we will have our luncheon with Richard L. Lawson, President of the National Coal Association from Washington, D.C., as our principal speaker. Our program today was organized by Wayne Reno, Peabody Coal Company and Richard Freeman, Zeigler Coal Company, and I would now like to turn this over to Dick and Wayne. Thank You.

15 Thursday afternoon participants in Technical Session. Krom left: Wayne Reno (chair). Dill Cantrell, Chuck Kiieen, Doug Peterson, Pat Harrington, Mack Shumate (President), and Dick Freeman (chair). TECHNICAL SESSION

Opening Remarks

WAYNE RENO Vice President of Sales Peabody Development Company Fairview Heights, Illinois I've been asked today to provide a few comments on the constraints and opportunities facing the domestic coal industry today and in the future. To help me structure my approach to this topic, I sat down with a sheet of paper and began to list, in two columns, the apparent constraints to coal's future and the opportunities I view on the horizon for our industry. Being the optimist that I am, I'm happy to report that the listingof op portunities was slightly longer than the list of constraints. Let me briefly touch on each of the factors I listed in the two columns. But first, I should point out that some topics appeared in both columns. The ultimate impact, whether the factor will be a constraint or an oppor tunity, will depend on the ability of thecoal industryand its allies to proper ly deal with the issue. Our industry was rapidly transformed into one of the most highly regulated businesses in our nation. Some of us were reluctant to recognize that changing social values were behind this drive to dictate the details of howcoal is minedand how it isused for the long-term benefit of society. As a result, in many instances, we failed to actively participate in the develop ment of these laws and regulations. And we found ourselves saddled with requirements which were something less than effective and efficient. While we have largely assimilated that influx of statutory and regulatory requirements, we still face external pressures and attitudes from many directions which can lead to additional constraints. Social pressures continue to mount on issues such as acid rain, subsidence, ground-water pollution, and labor-related issues which I will mention later. Each of us must become an active participant in these debates. If we don't, we could find ourselves facing a second and third round of regulatory constraints with requirements which could once again cause productivity to drop and costs to rise. Such legislation also creates an extremely difficult environment for domestic coal producers operating in worldwide markets. Forces outside the United States increasingly impact on the prices we receive for our products here at home. We can no longer just worry about being competitive with the mine down the road or in the adjacent county or state. We must now be competitive with mines in Colombia, South Africa, and China. These coal producers outside the United Stales do not operate with the same set of rules as we do. They generally have much lower social standards

17 18 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE in the areas of health, safety, and the environment. And the economic forces driving their expansion and pricing are not based on the same free- market precepts found in our domestic coal industry. This creates a very real handicap for U.S. coal producers, not only those who are trying to compete in world markets, but also those who face increasing threats from foreign coal imports into the United States. We must continue to remindpoliticians and bureaucrats that coal is in deed a world-priced commodity, and that added regulatory burdens erode the domestic industry's ability to be aggressive competitors. In recent years those of us in the energy business have become familiar with the term gas bubble when referring to supplies of natural gas. I think we have another kind of bubble when we look at the nuclear power which is moving into electricity markets. From 1977 through 1983, nuclear power's share of utility electricity generation increased only about 1 percent. Then, in 1984, seven nuclear units, with a capacity of 7,400 megawatts (MW), were brought on line. In 1985, seven more new nuclear plants started up, adding another 7,900 MW. Last year nuclear generating capacity increased by another 13,000 MW. That's nearly a 50 percent increase in nuclear capacity in three years. In 1986, nuclear units produced 19 percent of our electricity. According to recent studies by PowerEngineering and Electrical World magazines, at the beginning of 1986, we had some 105 nuclear plants operating in the United States representing 93,000 MW. That leaves about 20 nuclear projects still under construction, and these represent another 29,000 MW or nearly a one-third increase in nuclear capacity. And most of these capacity additions will occur yet this decade. We have a real slug of nuclear power moving onto the grids in a short time-frame. That's what I call the "nuclear bubble." This is creating a bit of indigestion for the utilityindustryas well as the coal industry. With elec trical growth down to 2 to 2.5 percent increases annually, much of this capacity is not needed. But with the large investments made in theseplants, the owners are forced to run them and to run them at the highest rates possi ble. This is displacing coal not only within the system dedicating the new nuclear unit, but also along the grid as this excess power moves into the open market with price based on incremental cost. When you inject these huge blocks of nuclear power into a system ex periencing reduced growth in electricity demand, you disturb the normal supply/demand balance. A recent survey by Coal Outlook showed that the amount of new coal-fired generating capacity brought on line annually by public and investor-owned utilities will reach a 30-year low next year. Just two coal units with a combined capacity of 1,900 MW will be brought on line in 1988. This compares to four new and eight converted units, with a combined generating capacity of 3,615 MW that are to begin producing power this year. In 1986, 10 new coal-fired units were started with a combined rating of 4,864 MW. OPENING REMARK S 19

New coal unit additions have declined significantly since the 1981-85 period when an average of 9,010 MW were brought on line each year. The average increment was 12,400 MW in the 1971-80 time-frame and 9,580 MW in the 1966-70 period. This bust in baseload construction will continue into the early 1990s. Those of us involved in the met coal business are aware of the steady decline in that market in recent years. This constrained demand trend is ex pected to continue as domestic steel producers lose market share and new technologies reduce met coal requirements. Some of this displaced met coal is finding its way into steam coal markets, adding to the productive capacity already available. Looking at other competition for coal in the near term, we note the technology of large gas turbines. This is, to some extent, the result of cur rently low prices for natural gas and oil. But over the longer term, it is being driven by the concept of combined-cycle and integrated coal gasification plants. In this approach, gas turbines are used as the first step in a phased ap proach to fulfilling electricity demand. The turbines are used for peaking purposes and bum natural gas or oil. Then, as increased capacity is needed, the unit would be converted to combined-cycle to increase efficiency. The last step would be baseload generation, taken as needed, and this involves adding a gasifier to permit coal to be used as fuel. The prototype for this technology and approach is the Coolwater Demonstration Project in California. When a particular utility decides to use this approach, it means increased competition for coal in the short run with the prospect that down the road, as additional baseload is needed, coal can return as the fuel of choice based on the cheaper cost per BTU and baseload operation. So this is both a con straint and an opportunity. I'm sure that you all have seen at least one of the articles on supercon ductivity in recent weeks. This concept is not new but major research organizations such as AT&T, Bell, Westinghouse, and General Electric- have long been frustrated in their attempts to develop commercially usable superconductors. Since the first of this year, however, a scries of breakthroughs have been announced which have brought superconductivity within the realm of possibility. If this promise comes to fruition, it could lead to dramatically increased efficiencies in electrical generation and transmission, including energy from nuclear fusion. Westinghouse researchers have said that superconductivity could dou ble the output of conventional electric power generators. The Electric- Power Research Institute has estimated that it would permit electricity to be carried great distances on transmission lines with essentially zero line loss. And superconductivity is said to make possible magnetic containment fields which could store electricity indefinitely. That's exciting speculation. It will likely be some years before such pro mises are realized. But, if such commercial applications of superconductivity 20 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE are achieved, your power plant customer could produce the same amount of electricity with much less coal. The potential impact could be dramatic. The last constraint 1 would like to address today is the coal industry's potential inability to effectively manage its relationship with production employees. In 1984, for the first time in 20 years, the BCOA/UMWA labor agreement was signed without a strike. This was possible only because management and labor recognized that they shared common problems and opportunities. Both parties recognizedthe state of the domestic and interna tional coal market. They realized that they needed to sit down and negotiate a contract which would keep their mines competitive. Those market pressures are even more severe today as we approach negotiations on a new multi-employer contract to replace the one which ex pires at midnight January 31. Several strikes occurred at western mines where labor contracts expired this spring. We are hopeful that the same type of experience does not occur in the East. It's really too early in the process to speculate on how the pending BCOA/UMWA negotiations will progress. But we are hopeful that a com mon ground can be found and a new agreement can be reached without a strike. If the coal industry returns to the labor patterns which existed in the 1970s, we will see a substantial constriction in the marketability of coal from the affected mines. This is like a bad news/good news scenario. Now, let me move on to the good news — the opportunities which I see on the horizon if coal pro ducers can grab the brass ring as it passes by. As I mentioned, coal industry labor relations can be both a constraint and an opportunity. I've discussed the constraints. Now let's look at the op portunities. If coal industry labor and management can again approach negotia tions with the attitude that we must work out an agreement which is mutual ly beneficial over the long term, then labor relations will move into the op portunity column. Both parties must recognize the constrained growth of coal consumption in recent years. They must recognize that coal is increas ingly priced on the basis of international markets. The emphasis must lie in keeping the mines competitive through efficiency improvements and effec tive control of mining costs. If this climate prevails, then industry labor relations will be an opportunity. Superconductivity is another topic which appears in both columns on the list. If this technology leads to enhanced efficiency in the production and distribution of electricity, it can make the end product produced from 80 percent of our domestic coal much more competitive. Ongoing superconductivity advances could lead to more centralized energy distribution and universal wheeling of electricity. Mine-mouth, coal- fired power plants could be built in the coal fields, eliminating transporta tion costs, and wheel electricity to far distant domestic markets without line loss. Realistically, it will probably be 10 to 15 years before this technology OPENING REMARKS 21 realizes commercial viability and another 10to 15years before it significant ly impacts existing systems. But over the long term, superconductivity could bring expanded consumption of coal for electrical generation. Coal combustion technology is an opportunity on the near-term horizon which can dramatically impact the future of our industry. I men tioned earlier the constraints which existed from public perceptions of the environmental problems associated with the burning of coal. Such con straints will turn into opportunities when the new technologies now being demonstrated and developed become proven and widely available. Fiuidized bed combustion, one of these technologies, is now being demonstrated at Northern States Power and Colorado-Ute power plants. Early evidence from pilot plant tests indicates that fiuidized beds will solve society's environmental concerns at a significantly reduced capital and operating cost compared to conventional boilers. Additional atmospheric, circulating, and pressurized fiuidized bed combustion projects are on the drawing boards even before these demonstration projects have had an op portunity to fully prove the utility scale application of this technology. This is understandable when you look at the facts. The Edison Electric Institute (EEI) has projected that sometime in the early to mid 1990s, peak electrical demand will exceed installed and planned capacity and new elec trical generating capacity will be required. But that is only part of the picture unfolding before us. Many consider the useful life of a coal-fired power plant to be 40 years. By the year 2000, 25 percent of our existing coal capacity will be 40 years old. By the year 2010, over 50 percent of our existing coal-fired generation will have reached 40 years of age. It takes about ten years from the initial decision until the day you bring a new coal-fired plant online. This means that decisions are required today on how a given utility plans to meet the electricity demand projected by EEI for the mid 1990s. This means that rational decisions will need to be made by the very early 1990s — in the next five years — on what will be done to replace or extend the life of one-fourth of our existing coal-fired capacity. This means that by the end of this century — in the next fifteen years — decisions must be made on how one-half of our current coal-fired capacity will be replaced or given a life extension. Life extension provides viable, cost-effective answers to some of the most pressing questions facing utilities today. The program can help assure the availability of power for the utilities' customers, at a reasonable price,when compared to new construction. It also offers a much quicker return on the dollars invested with the plant already established in the rate Quicker return, greater availability, and less capital outlay make life exten sion an attractive alternative to some of today's most perplexing utility problems. The utilities represented here today currently burn in excess of 25 percent of the total Illinois coal production, and they will be discussing their companies' plans for utilization of Illinois coal in the future. 22 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

Commonwealth Edison has already announced that its next power plant will be coal-fired and will burn high-sulfur Illinois coal when it comes online in the late 1990s. Another opportunity for coal producers lies in the area of cogencra- tion. This concept has been around for decades, but it was not until federal energy regulations were passed in thelate 1970s that manycompanies began to take it seriously. A growing number of such projectsare under considera tion and much of this current popularity is based on low natural gas prices. Cogcneration facilities come in all shapes and sizes. Those operating today supply in total roughly 20,000 MW with another 25,000 MW either under construction or being designed, still a tiny fraction of total domestic power. The potential exists, however, for our industry to invest in some of these projects, and through this participation, to foster the use of coal as the fuel of choice. The coal industry's future is also brightened by a whole scries of advan tages which find their way into the opportunity column and arc familiar to all of us. These include availability. In Illinois and throughout the United States, we enjoy abundant coal reserves and the in-place production capaci ty to produce substantially more coal than can be consumed today. Despite the drop in oil prices last year, coal is still a very competitively- priced fuel. Forecasts I've read recently project a runup of oil prices again by the early 1990s, as demand comes into closer balance with supply. This bodes well for the continued and enhanced price advantage of coal in the coming years. The coal mining industry has a highly skilled and experienced work force. The average coal miner today is 37 years old and has 10 years of ex perience. Seventy percent have high school diplomas and more and more of our young miners have advanced education such as Mining Technology degrees from junior colleges. These skilled young miners have brought with them a willingness to try new techniques and technology and the initiative to share their ideas for making their mines more productive. This attitude opens new potential for the coal industry as we intensify our efforts to make further advances in mining technology. With assimila tion of the influx of government regulations imposed in the 1970s, we are able to turn our talents and energies back to improving the mining process. These advances are expected to be evolutionary in nature, not revolutionary breakthroughs. But with each small incremental improvement, we can reduce our cost. And we all know that this can mean the difference between winning and losing a sale in today's coal market. Today I've touched briefly on the constraints and opportunities I see for the eoal industry. Unfortunately, most of the constraints are upon us now and already have had an impact on the industry, and most of the op portunities are at least five years away. In order to bridge this gap, the suc cessful companies must be well managed and fiscally solid, tough com petitors. However, the industry will be better off in the long run as a result of the down sizing and belt tightening that has taken place. Thank you. RICHARD FREEMAN Vice President of Sales and Marketing Zeigler Coal Company Fairview Heights, Illinois Thank you, Wayne. Prior to inlroducing the panel, 1 would like to comment on what we will discuss here today, what is required of everyone in this room, and whyeach of these speakers is here. The published subject matter for this session is "Utilization of Illinois Coal from the Utility Point of View." More accurately, the session will cover the past, present, and future of Illinois coal. Becauseof their tenure, positions, and responsibilities, the distinguished members of our panel helped shape our past: they reacted to certain condi tions and policies that brought us all to the conditions of the present and will most likely be important participants in the future of the Illinois coal in dustry. Everyone in this room has also contributed to the growth of the in dustry. Suppliers to the industry that provide equipment and supplies have had an effect on our costs and our efficiencies. Contractors fill facilities that influence our product quality. Technical people advise us regarding proper directions to proceed and what we can expect to yield. Associations and staffs of our operating companies keep the wheels of our industry go ing. Government and some special interest groups help create the environ ment in which we work. Our operating people and employees bring out the product in a manner, condition, and rate that also has an effect. Then, of course, finally the sales and marketing people who either take the blame or credit for all the efforts by those mentioned above. What I've said is what we all know: each of us has helped the industry be what it is and, hopefully, will help to develop a bright future for all of us. The gentlemen on the panel deal basically with the same situations that we do; their companies must be efficient, competitive, and profitable. They make decisions about our products based upon these factors. We have to help them make those decisions: to choose Illinois coal. The panel members were not selected by random draw; each one has a particular situation to deal with regarding Illinois coal. Bill Cantrell, Direc tor of Fuels for Tampa Electric, can burn a variety of fuels in his units and, in addition, has a new unit with scrubber capabilities. Pat Harrington, Manager of Fossil Fuels for Union Electric, has dealt with energy emissions by blending coal in his system from states other than Illinois but has, and still does, burn great quantities of Illinois coal. Chuck Kileen is Manager of Purchasing and Material Control for Illinois Power, a local utility dealing sometimes with lower costs outside coal hoppers and competes with a nuclear plant within its own system. Doug Peterson is Director of Fuels Management, Dairyland Power Co-op. This co-op has burned Illinois Basin coal exclusively in the past and now has to bend to government restrictions to burn compliance or close-to-compliance coals that their units are not designed to burn. The presentations will be given by these gentlemen in the order introduced.

23 AN ELECTRIC UTILITY IN THE YEAR 2000 WILLIAM CANTRELL Director of Fuels Tampa Electric Company Tampa, Florida

INTRODUCTION It's a privilegeto get this opportunity to address the Illinois Mining In stitute. I want to thank Dick Freeman of Zeigler Coal for the invitation. When Dick asked me to be a participant here today, I initially considered the topic of acid rain legislation and the utility response to it. I also thought about discussing coal quality and how its importance might be changing to utilities. I decided, however, to address a more futuristic topic: that of what an electric utility may look like in the year 2000. Then Dick told me I needed to focus on Illinois coal and its use at Tampa Electric. I'm going to attempt to do both. 1 think and hope that this will be germane to everyone here because unless coal suppliers, transportation providers, and electric utilities cooperate with each other, many of us won't survive until the year 2000.

HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE Before I try to describe the future, I'm going to, as speakers often do, review some history. At the end of World War II, the United States was un questionably the industrial giant of the world. A great portion of the in dustrial capacity of other countries had been destroyed during the global conflict. American industry went about the enviable task of supplying the world with a pent-up desire for industrial goods. There was also a strong domestic desire for goods that had been unavailable during the war. In those days, the slogan "Made in the USA" meant that the product was the best available. America basked in the post-war wave of prosperity. Our industries were part of this bright picture. Over the next 25 years, America underwent electrification of the first order. The principal electric utility problem was how to keep up. The use of coal by utilities increased both because of its wide distribution throughout the country and because of the well-developed infrastructure available to deliver it to generating plants. In the late 1950s and 1960s, the world was very upbeat and relatively stable. Energy costs were low and there was a feeling that good times were here to stay. Changes were occurring, though. Our factories and plants grew older and less efficient than the rebuilding industries in the rest of the industrialized world. American tax policy did not provide much incentive for modernization. We began to see a steady stream of foreign products of good quality and low cost. American workers demanded and received higher and higher wages.

24 TAMPA ELECTRIC COMPANY 25

Then, in the late 1960s and 1970s, a new type of change occurred. Rachel Carson's Silent Spring, Ralph Nader's crusade of consumerism, and an awakening of interest in activism preceded a wave of new laws, such as The Clean Air Act of 1967, the National Environmental PolicyAct of 1969, and The Mine Health and Safety Act passed in 1969. These and other laws had the effects of reducing productivity and in creasing costs. At the same time, countries like Japan and Germany were learning the secrets of free enterprise and lowering their costs. Although I'm summarizing facts that I think all of us know, I'm leading up to a key point. The one word that will characterize the next decade will be competition. I'm going to repeat something I said in my in troduction: unless coal suppliers, transportation providers, and electric utilites cooperate with each other, many of us won't survive this competi tion.

THE ELECTRIC UTILITY OF THE FUTURE With this as background to how wegot whereweare today, I'm going to make the prediction about what an electric utility willlook like in the year 2000. Please note how many of these points apply to your companies or in dustries. • Lean and Mean. It will be leaner and meaner. • Cost-conscious. It will be very cost-conscious and will be hard-nosed in its dealings with suppliers of materials and services. The lowest cost will be the order of the day. • Less emphasis on reliability. It will have decreased its heavy emphasis on reliability. Reserve capacity margins will be smaller. There will be great interest in cutting the fixed costs of providing utility services in order to lower the costs of providing electric service to all customer classes. • Customer-oriented. It will be decidedly more customer-oriented. There will be much more effort made to communicate with customers — to determine their needs for energy services. A wider variety of services will be provided. • Ownership offuel sources. In the fuel area, I think electric utilities will be more involved in direct ownership or partnership with potential fuel sources. Utilities will take more risks with fuel supply through shorter-term contracts and much greater reliance on spot markets. • Increase in nuclear power. Nuclear power will be delayed further by the Chernobyl accident, but the United States government and the nuclear power industry will be forced to cut the red tape, and through standardiza tion and improved technology, will bring greater public confidence in elec tric generation by nuclear plants. • Acid rain problem dealt with. Most utilities will have successfully dealt with the perceived acid rain problem. Moderate legislation with freedom of choice in the compliance technology will have succeeded in achieving reasonable reductions in SO: and NOx emissions. 26 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

• Smaller standardized units. There has been a long-term trend toward standard plant design. Plants are more often jointly owned. There have been many mergers of utilities. • Deregulation. Wholesale power sales have been virtually deregulated. Regional and inter-regional economy interchange will be commonplace. There will be competitive bidding for new load. New companies will be formed primarily to supply bulk power. • Diversification. Many utilities have diversified — some into fields far removed from the electric utility business. The most successful diversifica tions have been those within the energy-related fields.

TAMPA ELECTRIC TODAY Now let me tell you a little more about Tampa Electric and what coals we utilize. Tampa Electric burns 6 to 6.5 million tons of coal per year. The Gannon Station has six steam units built between 1959 and 1969, ranging in size from about 100 megawatt (MW) to about 400 MW. This station was designed to burn Illinois Basin coal and did so for quite a while. But with the Clean Air Act of 1970 and the subsequent amendments to that Act, Tampa Electric had to switch to a low-sulfur coal. We currently burn about 2 million tons of Blue Gem seam coal out of eastern Kentucky from Gatliff Coal Company, a subsidiary of TECO Coal, and about 300,000 tons per year of Amos Seam Coal out of western Kentucky. There is no real prospect for burning Illinois Basin coal at Gannon. FGD systems would be required to burn high-sulfur coal and there is no room at all for scrubbers. Low- sulfur coal is our only answer and it has to be low-fusion, low-sulfur coal. Big Bend Station is a different story. It has 4 steam units about 400-500 MW in size, built in 1970, 1973, 1976, and 1985. All four units were built to burn Illinois Basin coal and still do. This station bums about 4.0 million tons of coal per year. Most of this is cither western Kentucky No. 9 seam or Illinois No. 6 seam coal. The use of southern Illinois coal will increase in 1988 to over 1 million tons, from about 800,000 tons in 1987. Approximately 99 percent of the energy Tampa Electric generates is derived from coal, all of it currently domestic. Tampa Electric serves not only its customers with coal but through interchange sales, a lot of other utilities' customers as well. Tampa Electric brings coal to its plants by both rail and water. The water borne delivery system is particularly efficient and has led to a lot of cost-savings. We have under TECO Transport & Trade several companies, including Mid-South Towing (MST), a river barge com pany moving coal and other commodities between upriver ports on the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers and the New Orleans area, Electro-Coal Transfer (ECT), the nation's second largest coal transloading and storage terminal, located on the Mississippi River downstream from New Orleans for quick access to domestic and export markets, and Gulfcoast Transit (GCT), an ocean-going U.S. flag tug-barge fleet hauling coal from New TAMPA ELECTRIC COMPANY 27

Orleans across the Gulf of Mexico to Tampa, and phosphate and other commodities to major U.S. and international ports. Illinois Basin coal is ideally suited for our transportation system and so will continue to be the primary source for our existing plants. To be candid about the future, though, Tampa Electric has no plans to build a coal-fired unit in this century. Our next units will be combined cycle combustion tur bines, using oil or gas. Tampa Electric is taking this course, not due to fuel cost considerations but because of load patterns. We don't need base load units, regardless of the low fuel costs. We need peaking units. Our choice would be the same even if oil or gas doubled in price because it will only run a few hundred hours per year. Other utilities, though, are also taking this approach because of huge capital investments and associated regulatory risk. I'd like to spend the balance of my time discussing a few examples of the cooperation I have mentioned several times in this talk. These examples involve recent events and are based on actual situations involving Illinois coal. A long-term contract was signed in the early 1980s for Illinois Basin coal to serve an NSPS unit. Spot market prices were well below contract prices and oil prices had also fallen, making sales from the coal unit dif ficult. The electric utility, based on recent audits, thought the price should be lower and desired less tonnage per year. The coal supplier desired more tonnage and thought the price was proper. The barge transportation com pany also had a much higher than market price and a market price rcopener was just about to operate. It looked like the parties' goals were 180 degrees apart. The parties agreed to revise the contract from a fixed tonnage level to a partial requirements tonnage level and agreed to a lower price. The barge company also agreed to a lower price in return for the right of moving the possible additional tonnage. All the parties are in this together now to make it work. If the price stays in a reasonable range, the unit will generate more power and burn more coal, which benefits all the parties. In other words, there is an incen tive on all parties to keep prices low, and all parties will get to share in the results of that. Another example. The general factors are all the same as the previous example, except this was a short-term contract. The utility, based on recent audits, thought the price should be lower and desired less tonnage per year. The coal supplier desired a longer-term commitment. The parties agreed to completely change sources of the coal and move to a higher BTU coal with more years but less tonnage per year. The price per ton stayed about the same but the delivered cents/MMBTU declined significantly. The utility had to do many test burns and alter the way their inventory is handled. The coal supplier had to put together a transportation package from the different source and to change operations significantly at two locations. 28 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

This revision took a lot of creativity and involved a lot of effort on both parts, but the outcome was highly desirable to both parties. These examples typify the kind of cooperation I'm talking about. You and I both need to look at our situations and apply some basic buyer/seller common sense and fundamental business principles. I sincerely believe that only by doing this will we survive and be able to compete effectively. _ If I had suggestions to you today to keep Illinois Basin coal in utility markets, I would advise you to study proposed acid rain legislation hard and oppose legislation that requires unreasonable emissions levels to be achieved. That will hurt all coal. Study coal gasification hard. Nearly every utility I have dealt with is planning to add combined-cycle combustion turbine units. These should be fired with gasified coal, but the practical experience is not as yetthere. You better make sure that Illinois Basin coal is a candidate. Thank you.

Dick Freeman: Before we go to the next speaker, are there any ques tions? Pat Harrington, Union Electric. COAL-BURN AT UNION ELECTRIC POWER PLANTS

PATRICK HARRINGTON Manager Fossil Fuels Union Electric St. Louis, Missouri Thank you, Dick, I appreciate being invited here as a speaker today. I have a lot of friends out there in the audience. Union Electric has an installed capacity of 7,700 megawatts (MW). This past summer we set a new peak on five different days. The previous summer our peak had been at 6.8 million kilowatts. This year, our new peak finally leveled out at 7.2 million kilowatt hours. This is the first time we hit a new peak since 1984. At the time of the new peak, we had all our interrup- table customers off. In accordance with public service commission regula tions we were announcing on the radio that we were setting a new peak, please conserve—don't use any more electricity than you had to. So, all the odds were against us for setting a new peak, but the weather was so hot that people went ahead and used their air conditioning, and we did set a new peak. Union Electric is the biggest user of Illinois coal. We use about ten- and-half million tons a year of Illinois Basin coal. That's about 98 percent of our total usage that comes from Illinois. We had an inventory problem at the beginning of the year. In January 1987, we had 3.1 million tons of coal on the ground and the commission had ordered us to get that down to 2,250,000 tons by the end of 1987. We had our fingers crossed. That was quite a reduction, and we were not sure if we were going to be able to reduce our inventory by 850,000 tons or not. But we thought that maybe by December 31, 1987, we would be able to be down in that neighborhood. On August 3, we went to the 2,200,000 ton level. So by August, we were able to get into the spot market for the first time. As you know, that is "good news" for a fuel buyer. In our capacity, we have one nuclear unit, Callaway Plant. It is 1.7 million kilowatts, and although it is only 12 percent of our capacity, it pro duces over 25 percent of our energy. In addition, we have 5,500 MW of coal-fired capacity and 670 MW of hydro-power. The rest of our capacity is in peaking units which only get used less than 100 hours a year. They are on standby most of the time. And then many times we can buy power on the in terchange cheaper than we can generate with oil and gas, so we don't use the peaking units. We have four coal-fired plants, the biggest one is Labadie. It has four 600 MW units. Labadie has an SO. requirement of 4.8 pounds per million BTUs. At one time Labadie burned Burning Star No. 4 coal and AMAX coal. Both of them were high-sulfur coal. When the new air pollution regulation went into effect limiting us to 4.8 pounds, it was necessary for us

29 30 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE to put in a S20 million blending system, and we now blend our high-sulfur coal with lower-sulfur Illinois coal. At the present time, this is Orient No. 6 coal from Freeman. We also use some coal from Kerr-McGee No. 5, which is a low-sulfur coal from their Galatia mine from the No. 5 seam. Labadie burns almost 5.5 million tons of coal a year. At 2,400 MW in stalled capacity, it is one of the largest plants in the United States. The plant receives all of its coal by unit trains. There are specially designed cars in the unit trains. Although we don't own the cars directly, we have 100 percent control of the cars and coal companies lease them for us. We get all of our deliveries that way, and we have the capacity to unload at the rate of 6,000 tons an hour. The cars arc bottomdumped and the trains do not stop. The trains come into the plant and run over two consecutive hoppers each one of which has a 3,000 ton an hour take away capacity, and it takes approximately five seconds to open the doors on the car, about eight seconds for the hundred tons to drop out of the car and another two or three seconds for the doors to close. This is all done by the railroad crew. We have no operators at the coal-unloading station, perse. The switchman on the train pushes the lever to actuate the doors to open, and then, at the end of the pit, he pushes another button and closes the doors. The brakeman has a radio that he talks to the engineer, and he regulates the speed of the train with the engineer so as to keep our pit full and keep the train moving. The AMAX coal contract has now expired; that was for 3 million tons per year, and we will be replacing that coal next year with some spot pur chases. In addition to the Burning Star No. 4 and the Orient No. 6, we are using some Burning Star No. 5 coal at Labadie. This is a medium-sulfur coal. At Burning Star No. 5, they have a low-sulfur coal that meets the spec of our Rush Island plant of 2.3 pounds of SOj. They also have some higher- sulfur coal which we have been taking to Labadie, and we burn it without blending. It averages about 3.6 pounds of SO;, and we put that directly into our boilers without blending. Labadie has three stacks. The first two units each has a separate stack and the third and fourth units all go into one stack. The unit train track circles our permanent storage pile. Our permanent storage pile has a ready pile of about 36,000 tons incorporated with it, and this will keep us from ever having to push coal in over a weekend or in bet ween train loads. We normally get about two trains a day, although that can vary anywhere from no trains to three trains. Our Rush Island plant has two 600 MW units, and it has an entirely dif ferent SO, requirement. It is required to burn low-sulfur of 2.3 pounds of SO, per million BTUs coal. Fortunately, this type of coal is available in Il linois, and we arc presently using coal from Burning Star 5, which is a strip mine operation near Desoto. They provide over 2 million tons a year of 2.3 pounds of SO, coal for Rush Island. In addition, we supplement that with some coal from Kerr-McGee 5. When the coal at Burning Star 5 runs out in UNION ELECTRIC 31

1990, we will be taking about a million tons of Kerr-McGce 5 coal at Rush Island. At that time we will have to get a new contract for an additional million and a half or two million tons a year. Rush Island was designed so that it could burn western coal. So, we have the ability there to bum Powder River Basincoal. And gentlemen, it is really hard to understand and comprehend how wecan bring coal 1,100 to 1,200 miles from the Powder River Basin to use at the Rush Island station of Union Electric cheaper than we can buy Illinois coal. But right now that is the situation. We have been able to get very good freight rates, and the Powder River Basincoal, as you know, is verycheap, and we can buy it and bring it to Rush Allen and burn it there cheaper than we can Illinois coal. Labadie has a slagging problem. The boilers are too small and the tur bine capacity is greater than the boiler capacity, and the boilers cannot use a low-fusion coal. The result is you won't ever have to worry about Powder River Basin coal competing with Illinois coal at our Labadie plant. Our Sioux plant is a cyclone boiler plant. Cyclones are entirely dif ferent from the boilers we have at Rush Island and Labadie. Cyclones were very popularin the 1960s. They were designed to burn any typeof coal you could buy. In other words, you could buy a 20 percent ash coal, that works better in a cyclonethan one that had only six or seven percent ash. So, this plant requires a very low-fusion coal. At the present time we are taking ap proximately 1 million tons a yearof Kcrr-McGee 6 coal to the Sioux plant. The plant has an SO., requirementof 4.8 pounds. Up until this past year, we took some western coal in there and blended it with Burning Star 4, which is a high-sulfur coal, and brought the average SO. down in the range of 4.4 pounds of SO... With the Kerr-McGee 6 coal, it averages about 4.4 pounds of SO:, and we no longer need to do any blending. All three of our large power plants: Labadie, Sioux, and Rush Island, have exactly the same stocking out and receiving systems. They all use unit trains. The Labadie plant is on the Missouri-Pacific Railroad, and the Sioux and Rush Island plants are on the Burlington-Northern. At all of these plants, the railroad unloads the coal. At the Sioux plant, because it can burn a low-fusion coal, we are presently using Powder River Basin coal for about 50 percent of its requirement. Meramec is our oldest coal-fired plant, and the first two units were built in 1953 and are 140 MW each. It has two newer units that were built in 1959 and 1961 that are 300 and 360 MW. The plant has a capacity of about 900 MW, and, being the oldest plant on our system and the highest cost, its coal-burn is only about 500,000 tons a year. And it only operates at about 17 percent of its capacity. Since we are not planning any new capacity over the next several years, the availability and usage of that plant will increase from 17 percent to over 50 percent. In fact, Union Electric's coal-burn will increase from the present rate of 10.5 million tons a year to 12 or 14.5 tons a year, and all new growth will be at our coal-fired plants. 32 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

Our nuclear plant, as with all nuclear plants, runs at 100 percent capacity. It is always the first one loaded on our system. At Meramcc we burn three different coals, all being bought on the spot market. We have no long-term contracts at Meramcc, at the present time. We use Old Ben 21, Kerr-McGee 5, and some Nerco coal, which is a very small amount that comes out of Indiana. In addition to the four coal-fired plants that Union Electric owns directly, we have assumed the fuel-purchasing responsibility for Electric Energy down at Joppa, Illinois. Joppa hassix units, a little over 1,050 MW capacity, and it burnsabout 2.1 million tons of coal a year. The Joppa plant does not sell directly to any residential customers. It has only one main customer and that is the DOE Nuclear processing plant at Paducah, Kentucky. As Chuck said earlier, the biggest challenge today in the utility industry is competition. On the interchange, you buy and sell from other utilities evcrday. We have dispatchers in our office that arc in continuous contact on the phone with four or five other utilities. The cost of power available on the interchange is in the neighborhood of S14 per MW hour. This is equivalent to about $1.20 per million BTU coal. Union Electric's costs, because of our long-term coal contracts, is about $16 a MW hour. In the next two or three years, we expect to get that down below the $14 per MW cost. We will be able to do this because we will be buying approx imately 50 percent spot coal by 1990. We will then be able to compete on the interchange market and this is extremely important to us. Thank you. Dick Freeman: Are there any questions for Pat Harrington? The ques tion from the audience was: Why do the nuclear power plants normally run 100 percent capacity? Pat Harrington: The reason for this is that the cost for nuclear fuel is about 72 cents per million BTUs. You load your plants by fuel costs and by the heat rate. The heat rate of a nuclear plant is a little higher than the rate of our coal-fired plants. But the low cost for nuclear fuel dictates that it be run first. Dick Freeman: Any other questions? I present Chuck Kilecn of Illinois Power. ILLINOIS POWER COMPANY'S COMMITMENT TO ILLINOIS COAL

CHARLES KILEEN Manager of Purchasing and Material Control Illinois Power Company Decatur, Illinois Thank you. As I look over the group, I see some old friends. It is nice to go to a meeting these days and see some friends. With the situation we've been facing around our service territory of late, it becomes increasingly dif ficult to find friends in the audience. It is also tough to fall in the middle of one of these panel discussions like this—you find that most of the people have given your story and shown your slides. I'd like to begin with a brief outline of Illinois Power Company—some of its territory—describe our fossil fuel generating stations, and then talk a little bit about our uses of Illinois coal, both in the past as well as in the pre sent and the future.

BACKGROUND Illinois Power Company serves approximately 15,000 square miles in the State of Illinois; this is approximately one-fourth of the geographic area of the state. We provide both gas and electricity to the majority of our customers. We have approximately 540,000 electric customers in the State of Illinois. We have a wide diversity of customers, which has helped us through some of the downturn in the economy in the past few years, but, still, we've suffered from this overall downturn considerably. We have min ing, we have steel, we have some auto-building, food processing, and various services. Many of our customers, however, are Illinois coal pro ducers and two, in fact, are among our 30 largest industrial customers on our system.

ILLINOIS POWER FOSSIL FUEL GENERATING PLANTS

To serve our electric customers, Illinois Power has five fossil fuel generating stations which I'll describe in a moment. We have one nuclear unit which is scheduled to come on line commercially very shortly. It has been producing power into the grid as we've gone through our testing pro gram. We are currently at the 100 percent level in the testing. This plant has the capability of approximately 950 megawatts (MW). That is about one and a half times bigger than our biggest fossil fuel unit which wc willlook at in just a moment. Wc also have a small hydro plant and a couple of small peaking units at Stallings, Illinois and Oglcsby, Illinois. Our fossil fuel generating capacity is 3,740 MW. Our system peak, which was generated in July 1986, was 3,396 MW. This year we would have

33 34 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE achieved a new peak, except right inthe middle of the hottest day, we hadto shed our interruptable customers due to losing one of our units. The Baldwin Station is located in Randolph County near the Kaskaskia River. It has a 2,000-acre cooling pond. It is a three-station unit. Unit one was placed in service in 1970, unit two was placed in service in 1973, and unit three in 1975. It has a 5.78-pound SO: limit. The station is served by rail. Currently we have two suppliers to serve the station. We are buying coal from Arch's Captain Mine and also from Peabody's Baldwin underground mine. Our Havana plant is located in Mason County along the Illinois River at mile post 120. It has six units. This is the oldest plant on our system, although it has one of our newest units. The first five units are about 50 MW each and were placed in service between 1947 and 1950. Unit six is about a450-MW unit. It burns approximately 600,000tons of coal annually and has a 1.2-pound SO- limit. The coal is delivered by barge. Our Hennepin station is located in Putnam County also on the Illinois River at mile post 212. It is a two-unit station with 300 MW capacity and burns approximately 900,000 tons of coal annually. Unit one was placed in service in 1953 and unit two came on in 1959. It has a 5.41-pound SO> limitation. Coal is delivered by barge to Hennepin. We did have some rail service, and, in fact, in the last ten years, we have delivered a small amount by rail, but it is a very minor amount. Our Vermilion station is located in Vermilion County. It has a 125-acrc makeup lake. It isa two-unit station totalling 180 MW, and it burns approx imately 600,000 tonsof Illinois and Indiana coal. These units were placed in service in 1955 and 1956. They have a 6-pound SO; limitation. The coal is delivered to the Vermilion station by truck. Finally,our last major fuel fossil station is in Wood River, Illinois. It is located at the confluence of the Mississippi and Wood Rivers. It is a five- unit station totaling 640 MW. It is currently burning 700,000 tons of coal—primarily Illinois coal. It has a 1.8-pound SO.- limit. We are buying this coal currently from Consol. Unit four was placedin service in 1954 and unit five in 1964. It is primarily rail delivery; however, we have the capacity of truck unloading as well.

ILLINOIS POWER AND ILLINOIS COAL: A GOOD MATCH

We burn a considerable amount of Illinois coal. We have five long- term or medium-term contracts for Illinois coal at our stations. The over whelming majority of the coal that we utilize is Illinois coal (fig. 1); it is ap proximately 90 percent. In 1976, the Wood River Station was mandated to 1.8-pound SO- coal. At that time we were buying our coal from the Captain Mine. I was the fuel buyer at the time, and I remember very vividly when we were forced to switch by the EPA to our low-sulfur coal supplier. We went from a fuel-cost ILLINOIS POWER COAL RECEIPTS

Tons (Millions)

9

rpta] Coal

O 1 II inois CoiiI O a;

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Other Coal

~T~ ~T~ ~T~ "I— —J" —[— ~T~ —J— —\ 1 [— l | 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 Year 36 //,/./ NOIS MINING INSTITUTE at that time, delivered to our station in 1973, at about 45 cents a million to SI.35 a million overnight, when we were forced to go to Colorado to buy our coal. In 1977, we began building inventory of compliance coal for the new Havana 6 unit which went into service in 1978. In 1983, we increased our receipts of coal in preparation for the UMWA strike. And then in 1985, we replaced the low-sulfur coal contract from Colorado with the Southern Il linois coal contract which we wrote with Inland Coal at that time, which, as you know, now is owned by Consol. To put all this into perspective in terms of dollars, it is approximately S200 million a year that we spend delivering Illinois coal to our stations, (fig. 2). This S200 million is multiplied several times over as it flows throughout the economy to support agood part of thesouthern Illinois coal industry.

ILLINOIS COAL CONSUMPTION IN THE FUTURE As I mentioned earlier, Illinois Power has made a commitment to Il linois coal as demonstrated by its five Illinois coal contracts. These con tracts do not necessarily provide for the total requirements of the stations they serveor IPC in general. We have the flexibility to use other coals. But we don't expect a significant change in our consumption during the next ten years. However, I say that witha caveat because it is based upon two condi tions: one of those is that the Illinois coal producers recognize that we, like other utilities, expect to pay a fair price for our fuel. We don't expect you to go out of business because of unreasonably low prices. But, conversely, we will not pay unreasonably high prices for fuel that willunnecessarily burden our customers and reduce our competitive edge for attracting and retaining customers. I've heard the competitive theme throughout most of the talks that have been given today. I can't emphasize enough that the utility industry is facing competitive pressures unknown previously and foreign to the way in which we do business. We are reacting to that the best way we know how. One of those ways is to keep our costs low and become as efficient as possi ble. The other caveat is that acid rain or other forms of legislation does not force a change on our ability to use Illinois coal. With regard to the acid rain situation, the Illinois Power Company continues to fight tighter restric tions on the use of high-sulfur coal. We recognize the impact that further restrictions would have, not only for our customers due to pollution control equipment or switching to higher-cost fuels, but also what these restrictions would do to the Illinois economy and the Illinois coal industry. We have studied the alternatives available to us should new SO- limits be mandated. Like other utilities, we have considered scrubbing high-sulfur coal and fuel switching. Currently, we do not have an established plan since linois Coal

Total Receipts 98 94 o o 90

*-w o 78 --. >j 7A

i r 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 Year 38 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE our decisions will be based on the form ofany new legislation, its implemen tation schedule, and other conditions. We must also consider the develop ment of new economical methods of coal desulfurization that could be operational by the time new regulations take effect.

CONCLUSION In conclusion, Illinois coal producers, we want you to know that we at Illinois Power Company are one of your strongest supporters. We depend on you, and we thinkthat you doa very good job of meeting our needs. But 1must remind youagain, as it relates to the competitive situation, that just because you have a contract with any customer, youcan't get too comfor table. You must remain competitive in your pricing and, most of all, flexi ble in preparing and administering your agreements. As we move into the future together, utilities and the Illinois coal in dustry both face competitive challenges. It will take a cooperative effort to achieve the goals of our industries. We at Illinois Power Company look for ward to continuing our long-time, mutually beneficial relationship with the Illinois coal producers.

Dick Freeman: Thank you Chuck, it is comforting to see that figure of Illinois coal being used going up on your chart. There must be a reason for that. Any questions for Chuck? Now, Doug Peterson, Dairyland Co-op Power. WISCONSIN ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATIONS VERSUS ILLINOIS COAL AT DAIRYLAND POWER COOPERATIVE

DOUGLAS PETERSON Director of Fuels Management Dairyland Power Cooperative La Crosse, Wisconsin Wisconsin utilities have been faced with a lot of uncertainty in the last three years relative to just what was to be expected of us in way of sulfur dioxide emission limits on older units in the state. Well, the dust has settled, so to speak, and the final outcome was not good for producers of higher- sulfur Illinois coals. So what I'd like to do today is maybe hang a little crepe and give you the cold, hard facts about what has happened to the utilities in this regard. Before getting into that, however, I'd like to tell you a little bit about Dairyland Power—who we are, where we operate, and how Illinois coal fits into our fuel supply picture.

BACKGROUND — DAIRYLAND FACILITIES

Dairyland Power is what is referred to as a G&T: generation and transmission co-op. We generate electricity and sell it wholesale, primarily to 29 distribution co-ops that make up the Dairyland system. In addition, we sell wholesale energy to municipal utilities that are in our service area, small regional power authorities, and, of course, to other utilities through interchange agreements. Our service area covers western Wisconsin, southeastern Minnesota, a little piece of northwestern Illinois, and northeastern Iowa. It is not exactly what you call a dense load because we only have about 165,000 consumer members scattered over that large area. In addition, Dairyland Power Cooperative (DPC) doesn't enjoy exclusive jurisdiction in the area described because Wisconsin Power and Light, Northern States Power, and Interstate Power, among others, intermingle into our service area. Basically, what DPC has is the rural load served by the distribution co-ops. DPC is a member of the Mid-continent Area Power Pool or the "MAPP" pool. Members of this pool are utilities to the west, extending to eastern Montana, down through Nebraska, the Dakotas, Minnesota and Iowa. This is significant as it relates to competitive energy transactions. What DPC is competing against is basically western coal-fired generation. Right now, as Pat and some of the others pointed out, it is pretty cheap coal. So, in order for DPC to be players in pool transactions, we have to have competitive fuel pricing. Another factor is Canadian hydro. The MAPP service area also in cludes Manitoba Hydro. There is a substantial amount of Canadian hydro

39 40 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE coming into the pool. As I am sure you are aware, it is difficult, if not im possible for coal-fired plants to compete against hydro energy when it is in abundant supply. In our service area we have three sites with four separate plants totaling about 1,000 megawatts (MW) of generating capacity, 99 percent of which is coal-fired (fig. 1). DPC did have a small nuclear plant that was just retired and some oil-fired peaking capacity that has also been retired. The only other generation we have besides coal is a small hydro facility on the Wisconsin River.

DAIRYLAND POWER COOPERATIVE COAL CONSUMPTION

BARGE: CASSVILLE 1S2 50, 000 TONS GENOA #3 850, 000 TONS ALMA 1-5 300. 000 TONS

1. 200. 000

RAIL: MADGETT #1 950, 000

TOTAL 2. 150. 000 TONS

Figure 1.

DPC's southernmost facility is located at Cassville, Wisconsin at mile 607 on the Mississippi River. It is a 52 MW plant, built in the late 1950s. It was designed to burn Fulton County, Illinois coal. One of the reasons I show these small power plants is that these old units do have some significance in our system in that as we get in to the nineties, when we are faced with some additional capacity requirements, these older units could possibly be reconditioned or refurbished as fluidized bed or some other form of advanced boiler design. One of the reasons for that is that in the State of Wisconsin, it is so difficult to get a power plant sited, that once a utility has the property and the permits, there is a natural reluctance to DAIRYLANDPOW PR COOPERATIVE 41 relinquish them by closing a plant down. If some of these old units are con verted or given a service life extension, this would open up the opportunity for bringing Illinois coal into these older units far into the future. We did burn Illinois coal in this plant; in its heyday, about 150,000 tons a year. Now it burns 50,000 tons a year of, up until this year, Illinois Basin coal. But this past year, we started bringing in Appalachian coal because of environmental regulations. Our flagship plant is Genoa Unit #3, located at mile 670 on the upper Mississippi River. This is a 350 MW unit which burns about 850,000 tons of coal per year. For the last ten years DPC has burned roughly 60 percent Illinois Basin coal and about 40 percent Montana coal in this unit. The Montana coal is railed into St. Paul and then barged down in a shuttle operation. This plant will be limited to a sulfur dioxide emission rate of 5.5 pounds on January 1, 1988. That is another story that I'll try to touch on later. About 75 miles up river are Alma units one through five. These are pulverized coal units, originally designed for Fulton County coal. Three units are quite old and seldom run. The plant burns a total of about 300,000 tons a year. Again, the same blend that we burn at our Genoa plant, at least up to this point—60 percent Illinois Basin, about 40 percent Montana. Technically, this plant is operating without a permit. Since the new state environmental regulations became effective, DPC had to apply for operating permits. This was done in February 1985. We still do not have an operating permit issued under these rules which sets forth the sulfur stan dard that applies to this unit. Part of the problem is that this plant was issued an EPA tall-stack permit, and EPA is now trying to impose a 1.2 pound SO? standard on the plant. As it stands right now, that is probably going to be this plant's emission limit. The question is we don't know when. On January 1, 1988, this plant will probably be at 3.2 pounds and remain there until the federal EPA sets a different standard. With respect to these three barge plants I've just mentioned, I might point out that in the past we didn't contract for the coal on an individual plant basis. We just established a total requirement for the barge plants for the year, and then as the coal came up river, we dispatched the barges that were needed by each plant. Starting next year, of course, with these dif ferent individual sulfur standards for the individual plants, we arc obvious ly going to have to work out a different arrangement. The newest plant on our system is the 387 MW unit J. P. Madgett #1 (at one time called Alma Unit No. 6). This plant was designed for Wyoming coal. It has to comply with the EPA New Source Performance Standard of 1.2 pounds. That plant burns about 950,000 tons a year, and is served ex clusively by rail. DPC has two unit trains set up for our western coal operation with a total of 242 cars. We also have a fleet of 70 barges, that we cither own or lease, that are used in the movement of our coal northbound on the river. The barges aren't really dedicated to our operation. Under a coal- transportation and fleet management contract, the barge line has exclusive 42 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE rights on our north-bound coal haul. When the barges are unloaded at our plants, we clean and cover them and they move on up river to St. Paul or some other port to pick up grain. This works out well for us, because we receive daily charter payment for these barges. So, in addition to having an assured source of transportation equipment available to us, this arrange ment also generates revenue which helps reduce our overall transportation expense.

DA1RYLAND FUEL CONSUMPTION Dairyland burns a total of about 2.1 million tons a year; historically, about 1.2 million tons at our barge plants and just under a million tons of Wyoming coal at our Madgett plant. Because we were able to renegotiate the pricingon the western coal contract, and also because of the entry of the Chicago & Northwestern into the Powder River Basin, we have been able to secure some extremely favorable freight rates out of Wyoming. This has resulted in the Madgett plant becoming more economical to dispatch. What this is doing is pulling load off the older units, which of course arc the barge plants. This in turn has had an effect on the amount of Illinois Basin coal that has come up river. Last year, we were paying about S2 per million BTU to get western rail coal into the Madgett facility. This year, it is down to about SI .30. And on a spotbasis, you can actually gel down close to $1 per million BTU. Onthe Il linois Basin coal, the current market price delivered on our system is anywhere from SI.10 to SI.40. So, it becomes a matterof economics. The low-cost units get dispatched first and burn more coal. The same holds true for the Montana coal that I mentioned coming into the barge plants. Last year, the cost on this coal was SI .80 per million BTU. Because of the same set of circumstances, renegotiated contract prices and new transportation agreements, we will probably get that price down close to SI.30 per million BTU. We can't burn Montana or Wyoming coal straight at the old barge plants—they are just not designed for it. But, we can successfully blend up to roughly 40 percent. In 1970, DPC brought in about 1.5 million tons of Illinois Basin coal. That was not all Illinois coal, but at least half of it was (fig 2). In 1975, we had about one-half million tons of Montana coal come into the picture. Why was that? It was not really environmentally mandated, but en vironmental considerations did have a bearing on it. More than anything else is the fact that back in the 1972-73-74 time-frame, Dairyland was hav ing a difficult time getting coal up river out of the Illinois Basin. As you may recall, this was a period of frequent wildcat striking, prolonged strikes during the contract negotiation period, and declining productivity. Sup pliers became over-committed: they just weren't shipping the tonnages that utilities had contracted for. DAIRYLAND POWER COOPERAT1VE 43

DAIRYLAND POWER COOPERATIVE COAL SOURCES (TONS X 1000)

1970 1975 1980 1986 ILLINOIS BASIN 1524 1165 826 325

MONTANA 557 500 450

WYOMING 770 950

APPALACHIA 475

TOTAL 1524 1722 2096 2200

Figure 2.

After struggling for two or three years, the opportunity arose to bring Montana coal into the Dariyland system at economical prices. Dairyland went ahead and made that move, because of the promise of reliability of supply. The mine in Montana was Operating Engineer-affiliated, so there would be no UMW problem. Another factor was that since Dairyland was totally reliant on the Mississippi River for northbound coal, it did give us a "backdoor" means of delivery. Since there are frequently extended spring floods on the upper Mississippi, there were times when this could be relieved by bringing coal down river from St. Paul. In 1972, Dairyland had 20 suppliers of Illinois Basin coal, shipping out of 32 different mine sources. I looked over some of the records and DPC was occasionally buying coal by the barge-load back in those days. Supplies were so tight that you literally took what you could get. As we sit here today and see all the idle productive capacity and depressed prices, all this may seem hard to believe. But that was the way it was, and this provided much of the motivation for DPC to abandon nearly half of its Illinois supply in favor of Montana coal. In hindsight, it was a mistake because in 1975, Montana imposed a 30 percent severance tax on their coal. Further com pounding the problem, in the late 1970s, the Burlington Northern, because of the monopoly they had on rail moves out of Montana, decided to in crease their freight rates. By 1980, the Montana coal was the highest-priced barge coal coming into our system. But there was little DPC could do about it because contractual commitments had already been made. 44 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

In 1980, Wyoming coal came into the picture. This was due to the New Source Performance Standards which applied to DPC's newest plant com ing on line. By then, our take of Illinois Basin coal had dropped down to about 800,000 tons. But, in reality, the Illinois producers weren't really hurt all that badly because what DPC had done was gotten out of the west Ken tucky market. We had also pretty much moved out of the Indiana market and consolidated most of our supplies out of southern Illinois, mainly because of lower transportation costs. In 1986, the story is even worse. The Illinois Basin coal was down to 300,000 tons as Appalachian coal starts coming into the picture—strictly mandated by environmental regulations. Secondarily, there were some con tractual commitments that somewhat limited our flexibility in seeking out lower-sulfur sources.

Sulfur Contents Coining into the State of Wisconsin

I found some Federal Environmental Regulatory Commission (FERC) reports with some 1980-86 comparisons on sulfur contents on coal coming into the state of Wisconsin (fig. 3). In 1980, about 14.5 million tons of coal came into Wisconsin—(1 might add that this is just for power plants over 25 MW, so there is actually more coal that came into the state). In 1980, the less-than-onc-percent-sulfur-coal and the over-two-percent-sulfur-coals made up roughly 45 percent and 47 percent, respectively, with mid-sulfur coal around eight percent of total deliveries. In 1986, by comparison, the lcss-than-one-percent is up to close to 70 percent and that is mainly because of the New Source Performance Standard plants that came on line during that period. The over-two-percent-sulfur-coal on the other hand, was down around 13percent, and the mid-sulfur coal came up to around 20 percent of total deliveries. You can see the trend developing. The big drop in ovcr-two- percent-coal is due to state sulfur regulations which forced the utilities into so-called mid-sulfur coals.

WISCONSIN REGULATORY AND LEGISLATIVE CONTROLS

The State of Wisconsin, by legislative and regulatory fiat, has pretty much driven Wisconsin utilities away from higher-sulfur coals, the logical supply source, of course, being the Illinois Basin. The less-than-onc-percent-sulfur-coal mandated by federal NSPS stan dards for new plants are a fact of life. But there is no question that recent Wisconsin environmental regulations rapidly accelerated the shift away from Illinois Basin coal by utilities in the state. DAIRYLAND POWER COOPERAT1VE 45

WISCONSIN COAL DELIVERIES BY SULFUR CONTENT

LESS THAN 1% 1%T0 2% OVER 2% TOTAL

1980 6.473,000 1,173,000 6,869,000 14.515,000 45% 8% 47%

1986 11.251.000 3,389,000 2.181,000 16.821,000 67% 20% 13% Frst Quarter 1987 2,899.000 660,000 229,000 3,788,000 77% 17% 6%

Figure 3.

Wisconsin Act 413

The situation started in 1983 with what was thought to be a rather in nocuous statute: Wisconsin Act 413. Basically, this law provided for a study of the cost of SO- reductions in the state. This was to be accomplished by an advisory committee which consisted of representatives from industry, utilities, environmental agencies, etc. The prevailing attitude was that the study seemed a reasonable approach, and that the utilities would at least have an input in evaluating the problem and developing a solution.

Wisconsin Act 414 and the Acid Deposition Review Committee

In 1984, there were those, mainly in the environmental agency, who felt that the study wasn't moving fast enough in addressing the problem. So they advocated passage of another law in 1984, the so-called "CAP" Bill. Wisconsin Act 414 provided for a 500,000-ton total SO: emission cap on the utilities in the state. In addition, there were some other provisions in the bill: it provided for another study committee, the Acid Deposition Review Committee. There were provisions for scientific evaluations of the so-called acid rain problem, with the end result, hopefully, that the review committee would be provided with factual data upon which recommendations to the legislature could be based. 46 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

Historical Wisconsin Utility Electricity Generation and Sulfur Dioxide Emissions 55000-r ,T 550

50000 • -500

45000• • -450

40000" Energy Generation --400 S02 (GWH) Emissions 35000-• (1000 Tons)

"4.350 30000--

••.,•' Total Generation - -300 25000-•

20000- I I I I I I I I I I I 1 I I I I I 1 I I I I I I I 1 I I I -250 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 Figure 4.

Dairyland Power Cooperative Historical and Projected Generation and Sulfur Dioxide Emission Rate 4500-r x70

• -60 4000-

••50

3500 Lbs. S02 ..40 per Fossil Fuel Net MWH Net GWH • -30 3000-•

20

2500- - Generation •-•10

2000- IIIIIIIIIIIIIIII||||||||• .0 70 72 74 76 78 80 82 84 86 88 90 92 94

Figure 5. DAIRYLAND POWER COOPER ATI VE 47

Our feeling at Dairyland, in looking at the data we had collected in stu dying lakes in northern Wisconsin, was that there was no acid rain problem in the state. At the rate we were going with the 500,000-ton utility cap, we felt that no additional emission standards would be required. The utilities at that point were at about 465,000 tons of SO. and trending downward (fig. 4) because of newer plants coming on line that were burning low-sulfur western coal. On our system (fig. 5), we were seeing the same trend—in creasing generation and decreasing emissions. We felt quite strongly that there was no need for further controls until the cap was exceeded and the studies complete.

The 3.2-Pound Rule The provisions of the "CAP" and the studies were not enough for the environmental advocates in the state Department of Natural Resources. Having failed in its efforts to get point-source emission standards enacted by the legislature, the DNR issued a set of administrative rules: DNR regulations 154.12, the so-called "3.2-pound" rule. This regulation established the categorical emission limit of 3.2 pounds SO- on those boilers with a firing rate in excess of 250 million BTUs per hour. In boiler terms, this is in the 25 MW range, so this effectively "capped" most of the utility boilers in the state. There were also provisions in the regulations for issuing alternate emis sion standards of 5.5 pounds. In order to get that alternate though, the utili ty had to go through some hoops. Mainly, it had to be demonstrated that 5.5 pounds would not exceed 75 percent of the federal ambient air quality- standards at the site. In addition, you had to prove that there would be substantial increase in cost in converting to lower-sulfur coal. What is substantial? Well, the regulations weren't specific, but the DNR did establish ten percent as a guideline, so that became the magic number. The rules themselves actually went into effect in late 1986, but there were provisions for extending compliance up to the end of 1987 which, in DPC's case, is the way it turned out. Dairyland submitted its application for operating permits under the new rule in February 1985. We still have not received an order for the Alma plant. The order for the Genoa plant was not issued until September 1986, even though the DNR is supposed to review applications and issue an order within 55 working days. In other words, it took us a year and a half to get an answer we should have had in two or three months.

Acid Deposition Review Committee and Wisconsin Act 296 We thought that was the end of it, but we were mistaken. The 3.2-pound rule was issued in October of 1984, and it was at about that time that the so-called Acid Deposition Review Committee got up to speed and 48 ILLINOIS MININGINSTITUTE started holding public hearings on the "acid rain" problem. These hearings went on through 1986. Finally, in early 1987, the committee went to the state legislature with recommendations which ultimately led to Wisconsin Act 296, which provides for a 1.23-pound SO: standard. So over a period of about 18 months, give or take, we had gone from a 500,000-cap down to a 1.2-pound SO; standard. The studies? Some arc still underway. The ques tion of whether an acid rain problem exists in the State of Wisconsin con tinues to be debated. I might point out that the 1.2-pound average is a corporate average that is administered on an annual basis. So, for example, if you have a new source plant at .8-pound SO:, then you could possibly have another facility at 1.4. There are other provisions in the lawwhich allowthe utilities to trade emissions back and forth. The 500,000-ton cap was lowered to 250,000 tons. In addition, the law contains a provision for nitrous oxide emissions reduction or control, the effects of which we have not yet been able to quan tify. The law will become effective on January 1, 1993. So, Wisconsin got its acid rain law. There were people in the state government that had declared that they wanted Wisconsin to be the first state to have an acid rain law. I'm not sure if we were the first, but we prob ably got one of the more stringent sets of regulations. Even the utilities in the state were divided on this issue. During the legislative debate, two decided not to oppose the bill. Dairyland and another utility almost succeeded in getting the standard raised from 1.2 pounds to 1.5 pounds, but the bill stood as originally pro posed. The debate in the legislature focused not on scientific data (or lack of), but rather simply on what it would cost the utilities to shift to lower- sulfur fuels. It was assumed from the outset that the reductions would come—needed or not—if the cost impact was deemed acceptable. The legislature felt that it was. It was disheartening to sit through several hear ings on this issue and not once hear from consumer groups or rate payers,who will probably hold their complaints until they sec the effect on their utility bills, and then vent their wrath on those who argued on their behalf against the legislation.

Dairyland Between Now and 1993

This is all history now, and at Dairyland, we are proceeding with plans to be in compliance with the standards which become effective on the first of January, 1988. At Cassville, this is 2.81-pounds SO... At Genoa, the stan dard will be 5.5 pounds. The DNR ordered the Genoa plant to a 3.2-pound standard, but Dairyland successfully appealed the DNR's findings and was able to convince a hearing examiner to reverse the DNR and direct them to issue a permit for 5.5 pounds. At Alma, we still don't have an operating permit but we assume that the standard will be 3.2 pounds initially and, eventually 1.2 pounds as the federal tall-stack issue is resolved. DAIRYLAND POWER COOPERATIVE 49

In 1993, again, all of our plants will have a 1.2-pound average emission standard. We are just starting to evaluate our options for means of comply ing with this standard, but several possibilities exist. Since our older boilers are more compatible with the higher BTU coals, Appalachian compliance coal is an obvious possibility. Recent changes in the market for low BTU western coal have made this choice a little more attractive, but since our plants were not designed for this type of coal, more work must be done in evaluating the economics of plant modifications, the effects of unit derating, operating problems, etc. Some western suppliers are attempting to overcome some of these drawbacks by beneficiating or drying Powder River Basin coal to produce a product in the 10,500 to 11,000 BTU range which is compatible with these older boilers. Then, of course, we might also consider some of the new technologies, such as fluidized-bed combustcrs, to replace the capacity of some of our older small units as they are retired from ser vice. We have all but ruled out flue-gas desulfurization (scrubbers) and high-sulfur coal as a compliance option on the Dairyland system.

CONCLUSION The message I want to get across is that in the case of Wisconsin utilities, our fuel choices have pretty much been taken away from us. In retrospect, it is arguable whether these environmental regulations or legisla tion could have been forestalled. Since Wisconsin has always been in the forefront on environmental issues, many felt that it was not a question of whether these laws would come, but when. It was disappointing to me as a fuel buyer, being aware of the cost and difficulty in switching from one fuel type to another, to be unable to get this message across to our regulators and lawmakers. There were some Illinois producers that participated in the hearings on these various laws and regulations. A representative from one of the UMW locals in Illinois came up and testified on the impact these rules would have on jobs. But the numbers were just not there; and whether or not it would have made any difference, 1 really don't know. The only suggestion I can leave with you is that as you face similar situations in other states that might have a direct impact on what you do for living, you have to get involved in dividually. Don't send one man up from your producer's association and expect to accomplish your goal. It just won't work.

Dick Freeman: Thank you, Doug. Any questions? Question from audience: How comprehensive was the study that resulted in that figure of a four percent increase in cost to the buyer? Doug Peterson: It was fairly comprehensive. The Public Service Com mission authored it. I don't think we took any great exception to the cost figures, but again, it was the way they were presented. Everything was diluted down to the impact on the customer's utility bill. The four percent has less significance than S20 million a year, whatever the number was. But 50 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE basically what they demonstrated with the study was that scrubbers were not the answer. That was what the Department of Natural Resources was looking for anyway. The answer was switching fuels. And Wisconsin Power and Light, for example, had some unique problems with recycling furnaces. You have to have a lower-fusion coal for those boilers. The cost impact on them was more substantial than it was on some of the other utilities.

Question: Then it was a realistic figure? Doug Peterson: I'd have to say that it was. If you get into factors other than cost of fuel, such as cost of unit modifications, things of that nature, 1 can't speak with a great deal ofauthority onthat. The only thing Icansay is that we did not take real exception to the figures. Our focus was on fuel cost alone. We set a level of 20 percent. In our service area, because of our rate structures and density of customers, the impact was rated at four percent. But we are not regulated by the state of Wisconsin with regard to rates. From that standpoint, we are standing out pretty much by ourselves. Comment from Audience for Doug I eterson: In the defense of coal producers, I think the primary reason you had little or no support at the hearings was due to lack of proper notification. Most of us were not even aware that these hearings were being held. Doug Peterson: That's a good point. The only thing I can tell you is what I did personally. I called someone in the Illinois Coal Association and talked to them about this. The approach I was taking was that, is there some way that we or you can get to Governor Thompson, have him go to Gover nor Earl and try to negotiate something and establish a level playing field, so to speak. The reply that came back to me was that Governor Earl and Governor Thompson don't get along too well—I'm paraphrasing what someone said to me—and they didn't think there was too much getting done. What kind of vehicle there is for getting out the word, I really don't know. I do know that Dairyland made all its Illinois coal suppliers aware of these hearings. And to my knowledge they were in attendance at most, if not all, of the hearings. Dick Freeman: I would also add to that there were coal companies at those hearings that produce low-sulfur coal. Doug Peterson: Yes, that's a good point, Dick. There were eastern coal producers that were partieipating in those hearings and actively lobbying for conversion to lower-sulfur standards. Audience: I would like to make the comment that I would speculate that 95 percent of the residents of the state of Wisconsin were unaware that this legislation was being discussed until it was passed. For the rest of the general public, even though four percent doesn't sound like much of an in crease, I would bet that most of them were unaware that this was even being discussed or what effect it would have. And I can only advise you, in the coal companies not to make the same mistake. Doug Peterson: Another good point. And we tried to get the word out with bill stuffers. I'll be honest with you, not all the customers agree with it. UTIL1TY PANEL 51

In northern Wisconsin, residents, resort owners, and retirees are scared to death of the acid rain. We set up a program, and had people from our en vironmental control department go into northern Wisconsin. We will test any sample of lake water that anybody brings in for pH. And we have yet to find one sample that shows any inclination for being acidic. Again, it is how you use your figures. There are lakes in Wisconsin that arc acidified, just as there are lakes in the Adirondacks that are acidified. We found that most of the lakes that were used as examples were bog lakes—they were naturally acidic. But you are right. And I think that even if you do get the word out, how many people will take the time to sit down and write their con gressman? Not very many.

Dick Freeman: Bill Cantrell would like to make a comment. Bill Cantrell: On this subject, I'll tell you a game plan that our utility initiated—and this is a suggestion that other utilities might want to look at. Six or seven years ago, the utilities in Florida under the auspices of the Florida Electric Coordinating Group, which is a group of all utilities in Florida, financed and undertook a five-year acid rain study. The study cost an estimated S5 million, but what the utilities did to make it credible was to involve the Department of Environmental Regulations Commission in Florida. We worked with their staff peer review committee, and with the most credible and established scientific community within the state and out side the state. We enlisted people from the University of Wisconsin and, also, people from the Department of Ecological Studies from the University of Michigan and Florida State University—an incredibly respected group of people—to evaluate the study procedures. The monitoring period is going to lake ten years. The first three phases of the study arc over. They studied the effect on plants, animals, forests, lake waters, structures; they studied the long-term trends of dry and wet acid deposition. We formed a speakers' bureau; our company alone had twenty people that were familiar with the subject who went out and talked to civic groups, church groups—anyone who would listen to us—to get that out so that the people were aware of what was going on, what the effects would be. I don't know whether that is going to work or not because the federal government might pass something that the state can't do anything about. But, we took the aggressive initiative. The hand is still being played, and we don't know where it will wind up. I will say, unabashedly, that acid rain is not a problem in Florida, and, if anything, all sulfur-related emis sions have declined. Florida is a growth state and it has been growing on an everage over the last ten years of about 5 to 6 percent a year. Yet, the SO* emissions have declined. You have to take an aggressive stand and try to get something done in advance. The key is that utilities are only looked upon as utilities; unless you establish some credible basis for doing studies and research and broad cast your conclusions to the public, you probably won't really get 52 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE anywhere. You canstudy this to death and still get a utility viewpoint, or the coal suppliers' view point, or whatever.

TECHNICAL SESSION CONCLUSION Dick Freeman: In conclusion, I don't think that most of what you have heard this afternoon is what you wanted to hear, but it was very infor mative. I heard the word teamwork, and I heard that we need to be competitive and that it is very difficult for the utilities to plan and be able to use a par ticularproduct when they don't know if they arc going to be able to utilize it. I heard collectively that we all have an obligation to help each other; if we don't, we are going to have some problems. Wayneand I have workedwith these people for many years. We know they are all very informed, they are extremely hard workers, and they are very involved. Wehope the program hasalso been informative for you and provided you with a morecommon understanding of the utilities' problems. I'd like to thank Wayne Reno, the co-host, and each of our distinguished panel members and thank Mr. Shumate for inviting us to be here.

Thursday evening Fellowship Hour on Putin of Ramndu Hotel. FRIDAY MORNING SESSION The Friday morning Business and Technical Session convened in the ballroom ofthe Ramada Hotel, Mr. Vernon, Illinoisat 8:30 A.M., October 2, 1987. President Mack H. Shumate presided.

BUSINESS MEETING Mack Shumate: Ladies and gentlemen, the business meeting of the 95th IMI annual meeting is called to order and we will first have the Secretary- Treasurer's Report. Mr. Dambergcr.

SECRETARY-TREASURER'S REPORT Heinz Damberger: Good morning. There arc two items always on my agenda: one is the attendance and the other, our finances. Attendance this year is up from last year. We are at about 780 registered this morning./Final attendance was 795 regular members, nine honorary members, and 28 students for a total of832 in attendance, com pared to 822 last year.] The membership itself is slightly up, too, but it is holding steady and has been for the last several years. I might announce also that we made a decision at the Board meeting yesterday to hold our meeting here again at the Ramada Hotel; it will be September 29 and 30, 1988. This is the first time in my memory that we are planning to meet in September; but considering yesterday's nice weather, I think it probably is a good idea to meet earlier in the fall season. As far as our finances are concerned we arc in very good shape. The Auditing Committee has approved our financial report, and I have copies here in case you want to look at it. The bottom line looks very good. Our assets arc up by S5.800; this is in spite of a reduction in our main income area—advertising. We lost 52,100 in advertising accounts. We expect that this year will be considerably better if we put some extra effort into it. Our dues are up from last year; part of that is the difference in aceounting. It depends on when funds come in; part of that is that we have a somewhat larger membership. It is up $1,728. Registration was down last year. This is difficult to compare beeause we have pre-registration and it depends on when we have our cut-off and how many people have pre-registered. We en courage people to pre-register because it is a lot easier to process and a lot easier for you when you can just come in a pick up your packet. The big item that has changed is the income for exhibits—57,200. It is difficult to compare the income for last year because most of the bills are paid after the meeting for the exhibit booths. So, this is both for last year, for those 21 booths that we had last year, and for the 42 booths we had this year, most of which were pre-paid. We charged 5200 and some of the payments will show up on next year's aceounting.

53 54 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

We also show an income for a short course. This year, for the first time, weoffered a short course. It was well-received; we had about 24 par ticipants from a cross-section of coal companies, students, and professors. Yesterday, at our board meeting, we talked about giving at least one short course next year. General operating expenditures are pretty much level. They are up about $430. A big item was publication costs. We went through a bidding procedure which we do every three to four years. We picked up a new printer in town who is computerized and very efficient. They are good peo ple to work with and so 1think we will stick with them for awhile. The cost of printing our proceedings was down by $1,700. This is on top of the reduction we had last year. You may remember that I reported our printer had a problem with the flow of ink. There were some flaws and we negotiateda ten percent reduction in printingcost which amounted to a lit tle over a thousand dollars. So, really, this is income or lower expense of almost S3,000 as a result of the switch in printers. We are moving with them into the electronic age in producing our proceedings. About maybe two or three years down the road Phyllis Godwin will probably produce the pro ceedings on our computer (the Macintosh) and basically turn over the flop pydisks to the printerwho will produce the printer plates from those. This year, for the first time, we did the membership list in this manner. We have the membership list in our computer and we transferred it to a floppy disk and took it the printer. This resulted in a reduction in expense, in addition to a reduction in space needed for the list in the book. So, overall, we are in good shape financially, and you will hear about what the Board decided yesterday in reaction to that. If you have any ques tions, I will be happy to answer them.

FINANCIAL STATEMENT

Fiscal Year October 1, 1986 to September 9, 1987 Cash Balance 10/1/86 S15.153.12 Cash Balance Ending S20.246.06

INCOME EXPENSES Advertising 22,116.00 General Operating Expense 15,771.92 Annual Dues 11,952.00 Annual Meeting Expense 16,840.05 Luncheon Receipts 1,732.00 Publication Expense 11,544.32 Dinner/Dance Receipts 7,300.00 Scholarships &Contrib. 5,635.00 Short Course Fees 450.00 49,791.29 Exhibit Fee 7,220.00 Registration Fees 2,313.00 Interest 759.23 Miscellaneous 442.00 Convention Cash 600.00

TOTALS $70,037.35 $70,037.35 BUSINESS SESSION 55

Assets as of September 9, 1987 Cash (checking and savings) S20,246.06 Bonds 1,000.00 Equipment 4,757.86 TOTAL ASSETS on 9/9/87 $26,003.92 TOTAL ASSETS on 10/1/86 20,182.96 Gain in EY 86-87 S5.820.96

Mack Shumate: Thank you Heinz. You have done a good job. We will now have the Nominating Committee report. Bill MuUins, may we have your report please.

NOMINATING COMMITTE REPORT William MuUins: Thank you, Mr. Chairman. This year's Nominating Committee consisting of myself, Earl Wenninger of Zeigler Coal, and George May of Monterey, recommends the following slate of officers for the Illinois Mining Institute for the year 1988: for President, M. E. Hopkins, Peabody Development Company; First Vice President, John W. Hughes, Turris Coal Company; Second Vice President, George L. May, Monterey Coal Company; Secretary-Treasurer, Heinz Damberger, Illinois State Geological Survey; and four new members of the Executive Board consisting of Michael K. Rcilly, Zeigler Coal Company; David C. Webb, Freeman United Coal Mining Company; Paul Clites, Monterey Coal Com pany; and Carl D. Griffith, Sahara Coal Company. We heartily recommend this slate of officers, and we know they will serve with distinction. Mack Shumate: Are there any nominations from the floor? If not, the Chair would entertain a motion for the election of the officers for the com ing year. [It was moved and seconded to accept the slate of nominees and the slate was unanimously approved by a showing of hands.] The slate has been accepted by the members present. The election is over. Jack Bennett, Chairman of the Honorary Membership Committee, will present his report.

HONORARY MEMBERSHIP COMMITTEE REPORT

Heinz Damberger: Jack Bennett and his committee arc recommending Bill Will, formerly with Peabody Coal, as this year's recipient of the Honorary Membership. Mack Shumate: The Advertising Committee report will be given by Walt Brandlein, Roberts & Schaefcr Company. 56 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

ADVERTISING COMMITTEE REPORT Walter Brandlein: Thank you Mr. Chairman and good morning everyone. First, I want to thank the committee that helped us in delegating more members for the Advertising Committee. Wednesday night, we had our meeting here at the hotel, and I think it was the largest group-turnout that I can remember in recent years. Thank you to the committee. I ap preciate all the help they gave us. Our advertisers arc down from last year. From this time last year to this time this year, we are down. One thing in our favor is that wearc meeting two weeks earlier than last year. So, we hope we can catch up. Total adver tisers last year were 208 compared to 83 as of September 28. But we are con tacting potential new suppliers. The bottom line 1 believe is that we will catch up and exceed our 1987 Proceedings. So, again, thank you for allow ing me to be a part of this. I am sure we will come out okay. Thank you Mr. Chairman. Mack Shumate: Thank you, Walt. The next item on the agenda is the Scholarship Committee report by Dr. Paul Chugh.

SCHOLARSHIP COMMITTEE REPORT Paul Chugh: Good morning everyone. It is indeed a pleasure to be here and to report to you the activities of the Scholarship Committee of the 1MI. 1only bring good news because the Executive Board yesterday unanimously approved to increase the scholarship money that goes to the schools. So, on behalf of all the colleges that receive them, I'd like to extend sincere thanks to the Executive Board for taking good care of us. Let's give them a big round of applause. The Scholarship Committee had submitted the same recommendation as last year, but all were really getting worried about the number of graduates coming out of the schools. So it is time to go kick the bushes and try to attract high-quality students to the mining engineering and mining technology programs. The University of Missouri at Rolla will receive $2,250 instead of $1,500; Southern Illinois University increased to $2,250 from $1,500; the University of Wisconsin at Platteville will receive $750, up from $600; the University of Southern Indiana up from $750 to SI ,500. Rend Lake College S750 instead of S600; Wabash Valley College S750 up from S600. This becomes effective in the 1988-89 academic year. The Board approved the Scholarship Committee's recommendation that the Committee obtain information on the enrollment in the mining engineering and mining technology programs at the various schools and col leges in the region so that scholarships could in the future be based on enrollment and plans regarding mining education programs. The Board also considered awarding scholarships to qualified graduate students if suitable undergraduate students are not available; but top priority will be given to SCHOLARSHIPS 57

undergraduate students. The Board approved the recommendation that the schools that are receiving [Ml scholarship money should be informed of the current needs of the coal industry, and the schools should be advised to put more emphasis on those subjects. I'll share with you in a few minutes just what those areas are. And the Board recommended that IMI representatives should be invited to schools to present scholarships as we did last year. In addition, if the school is represented at the SME Midwest Coal Section meeting, students receiving IMI scholarships should be recognized during student night. Let me quickly share with you some of the things that the Scholarship Committee came up with after obtaining comments from the mining in dustry and state agencies. The coal industry has needs in these areas: 1) coal processing and coal quality control; 2) mine subsidence; 3) mine permitting 4) computer-aided mine design; and 5) longwail mining. It is recommended that the schools should put a little bit more emphasis on these topics with special projects and design projects so that when the students come out, they can serve the industry better. That is basically the report of the Scholarship Committee. At this time, I would like to invite different schools to come and tell us what they did with their money for the current year. Dr. Charlie Haas from the University of Missouri at Rolla. Dr. Haas: The University of Missouri at Rolla received a check this summer for $1,500 from the Illinois Mining Institute. That money will be divided equally between two senior students in mining engineering. They have worked summers in the mining industry and they are also part of our mine rescue team. These two students are: Lyle Evans and Mike Sturdevant. Thank you very much, Illinois Mining Institute, for this money. This really does make a difference to the students these days, when the cost of education is so high. Another thing I would like to mention is that next week, we have the dedication of a new building at Rolla. It is about a $15 million building that the state saw fit to fund to help the mining industry. All of the departments of the School of Mining and Metallurgy are in this building. It is quite an impressive structure, and if any of you ever get down that way, wc would be happy to show you around. Thank you again. Dr. Chugli: Dr. John Krogman, University of Wisconsin, Platteville. Dr. Krogman:Thank you. As many of you may already know, we have undergone some major reorganization at the University of Wisconsin at Platteville in our College of Engineering. As a result of that, and budget- cutting measures, we have decided to gradually phase out the mining engineering major to a mining option within civil engineering. It is our hope that we will continue to draw good-quality students and that we can also continue to serve the needs of the mining industry. We have also ibis year awarded, as we usually do, our IMI scholarship money to three students. Two of those are with me today. Those three are: Heidi Waller who is a senior in mining engineering. Heidi is from Minneapolis, Minnesota; Joe Wilfert, a senior in mining engineering from Burlington,Wisconsin; and 58 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

Sharon Thilodeau, who is a junior in mining engineering from Crivitz, Wisconsin. Both Joe and Sharon are here and also the student president of our Mining Club, Mark Beerkircher. On behalf of those students and the College of Engineering at the University of Wisconsin, Platteville, we thank you for your continued scholarship support, and we look forward to serving you in the future. Thank you. Dr. Chugh: George Eadic from the University of Southern Indiana will discuss the disposition of monies at their institution. George Eclie: The University of Southern Indiana at Evansville had S750 for the past year, and the amount was given for the third year to Mark Smith. Mark's father passed away in the spring. We had been dividing this money into two scholarships. But we decided to combine this into one scholarship so Mark, a senior in mining engineering technology from Ncwburgh, would be the lone recipient. He is working today instead of be ing here with me. We are seeing the red flag—warning signs—that are turning out to be good signs to us now in the mining program at the University of Southern Indiana. Last year, for the first time in several years, when we got calls from people in the area who wanted our undergraduates to do part-time work, we had no undergraduates to send them. In other words, we had more jobs than students. Of course, that is a connective line, because student enroll ment is down and it doesn't take many jobs. But, on the other hand, the good side of it is, that we are a new program. In 1979, we presented our first bachelor of science degree and have graduated 60 students. We keep pretty close tabs on our graduates: we know where those 60 people are and, for the most part, what they arc doing. During the last two or three years, when it has been difficult to find a job in the industry, we have been able to keep tabs on them fairly closely. Last week, we had a job call and had no graduates to tell them about to go to this new job. That is the good side of the story: our graduates are placed and they are working—most of them in the mining industry and most of them in engineering departments. The sad side of the story is, we have one freshman. Also, I talk to other faculty people in other schools. Many schools have dropped their mining programs and many schools are running enrollments as small as, or smaller than ours. Yesterday we heard the utility talks about what they arc planning for the 1990s. They are planning on using mining engineers. Consequently, peo ple, educators, in mining programs from schools in this area better start do ing something about recruiting students because in 1990 there won't be any graduates; the graduates will be so few that there won't be enough of them to do the job. This doesn't mean that you or the industry arc not going to be able to find engineering employees; you will be able to find them and they will be good engineers, but they will not be people educated in mining. And I think this is what the industry really needs—a good mining foundation. S C H O L A R S II I P S 59

Back to the Illinois Mining Institute and the gratitude that we feel toward the Institute for the support they have given to us. As a new pro gram, participating in what we think is a growing industry, we do thank you. I'm sorry that Mark was not able to be here today because of his work arrangement, but he sends to you his gratitude for the support for this year and the past two years. We are looking forward to having a number two on our scholarship list next year. Thank you. Dr. Chugli: Mr. John Howard from Wabash Valley College. John Howard: Thank you very much. I am glad to be here for a couple of reasons. I appreciate all the support the IMI is giving to our students. At this time our optimism is less than it was. Our workload has been up 20 per cent and our students that are staying with it and still enrolling are good ones. Our money has been divided into six scholarships and we have two of the six here today. We chose six because we have six two-year associate degree program locations in the state. I would like to acknowledge those that are here with me today first. From Cartcrville, Michael Rice who is a second-year student and has in his possession an application to pursue a four-year degree. Sitting next to Michael is Brian Herman who is assistant shift mine manager at Peabody No. 10 mine, the largest mine in the coun try. Brian is a second-year student who is a midnight shift assistant mine manager. Brian never misses a class in the morning after the midnight shift. We are especially proud that he is here as well. Our other scholarship recipients who are not here today are: Mr. Wesley Morris of Harrisburg who attends Southeastern Illinois College; from Mt. Carmel, Harold Veneer, Jr., a second-year student whose father works at the AMAX-Wabash mine and hopes to get to work in the mine; and Myron Steelvillc, who is currently laid off from Arch of Illinois. Our sixth and final recipient has not yet been determined, I'm sorry to say. We know where he is, we are just not sure from the pool of students which one we are going to present the award to. On behalf of the Wabash Valley College and all of us in the mining technology area, thank you to the Institute for its continuing sup port—especially now, as we need it more than ever. Dr. Chugh: Is anyone from Rend Lake College here? I will present the report on behalf of Southern Illinois University. Let me quickly share with you where we stand. We presently have five full-time faculty and five full-time researchers. We graduated nine students with B. S. degrees, seven students with Master's in 1987, and we hope to graduate three Ph.D. students in 1989. We have established an Industrial Advisory Board consisting of six highly distinguished individuals from industry. We also put together a newsletter which is available from the Coal Research Center at SIU. We were allocated SI,500 from IMI scholarship money. We awarded two scholarships of S500 each: one to Mr. Randy Simpson, who graduated and is presently working for a coal company in the area. The other to Ms. 60 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

Penny Thorite. She is a junior inmining engineering, andshe is now visiting one of the coal processing plants, so she could not be here. The third $500 we banked. The reason for that is that our college last year decided not to give IMIscholarships to anyone who had a GPAof less than 2.75. All of the students who earned scholarships had GPAs of over 3.0. So this year, we will be offering three scholarships instead of two: two at $750 each and one scholarship of $500. The announcement for the scholarships is already out, and we will be making our selection within the next month or so. We at the College of Engineering and Technology sincerely appreciate the support that IMl has given to us. We think we arc producing quality graduates and will continue to do so to support the mining industry. Thank you very much. MackShumate: Thank you Dr. Chugh. Do we have any other business to take up? We urge any of you who don't have your luncheon tickets to purchase them. Also, if anyone knows of any deceased member of the Il linois Mining Institute, we would appreciate your telling them at the registration desk. This concludes the Business Meeting for the Illinois Mining Institute for the 95th year and we will stand adjourned. Paul Chugh: 1 forgot to recognize the several students here from S1U. We have one faculty member Dr. Rich Sweigard, he is also the faculty ad visor for our student chapter, and we have about six or eight students here. Can you please stand up. [Kumer Chandrashekhar, Luis Abad, Amil Atri, Beverly Zabcl, Leonard Liew, Rebecca Black, and Giorgio De Tomi]. Mack Shumate: We are still adjourned.

Friday morning business meeting adjourned by Presidenl Mack Sbumale. Speakers and Chair nt Friday morning Technical Session. From left: Stephen Reed, Mark Walker, Dave Rineharl, Natesa Jayaraman. Patricia Vopelak (for Tom Madscn), and Dave Slril/cl.

TECHNICAL SESSION David Strilzel: Good morning ladies and gentlemen, my name is Dave Stritzel, I'm Director of Health and Safety for Zeigler Coal Company, and I'll be chairing this morning's technical session. On behalf of the Illinois Mining Institute, I'd like to welcome everyone and say that we're pleased to see such a large crowd for this morning's ses sion. I think the attendance speaks well for the distinguished speakers that have been scheduled for this morning. We feel that the subject matter to be presented in this morning's technical papers are very interesting and affect all of us in the coal industry. Our first paper is entitled "Improving Health, Safety, and Productivity through the use of Machine-Mounted Scrubbers," and will be presented by one of the authors, Mr. Natesa Jayaraman. Mr. Jayaraman, is a mining engineer with the U.S. Bureau of Mines' Pittsburgh Research Center, and is conducting research in dust control and ventilation pertaining to the coal industry. His experience includes produc tion and environmental control in both surface and underground coal min ing. Mr. Jayaraman holds a master's degree in Mining Engineering from Pcnn State University. Without further adieu, it is my pleasure at this time to introduce to you, Mr. Natesa Jayaraman.

61 IMPROVING HEALTH, SAFETY, AND PRODUCTIVITY THROUGH THE USE OF MACHINE-MOUNTED SCRUBBERS

NATESA I. JAYARMAN AND ROBERT JANKOWKSI U.S. Bureau of Mines Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

DAVID STRITZEL Director of Health and Safety Zeigler Coal Company Coullerville, Illinois

ABSTRACT

The U.S. Bureau of Mines, through in-house and contract research programs, has identified guidelines for the optimum use of scrubbers on continuous mining machines. The guidelines arc for maximum dust control with respect to quartz dust exposure of miner operator and shuttle car operator, while maintaining an output of more than 1,000 tons per unit shift. The optimum use of a continuous miner would be to mine coal for a 40-to-45-foot advance before place changing. The use of radio remote con trol can help achieve greater advance between lifts by locating the operator in fresh air during part of the mining cycle. He is also kept away from newly- exposed roof which is not supported. A study by the Bureau of Mines in dicates that a high output was achieved from a 50-inch seam, with a scrubber-mounted continuous miner and remote control. Research results in the use of a scrubber system with exhaust face ventilation are discussed. Bureau studies also indicate that a water-powered scrubber system can reduce the dust exposure of miner operator without the noise and complexi ty of a fan-powered system. Results of laboratory and underground evalua tion indicate the feasibility of such a system. Finally, attention has to be paid to good installation and maintenance of beltlines for increased produc tivity.

INTRODUCTION It is now common practice to install scrubber systems on continuous miners to reduce the respirable dust exposure of workmen. Almost all of these scrubber systems are of the flooded bed type. Bureau research has shown that the advantages of flooded bed scrubbers are many fold. The col lection efficiency of such a scrubber at a face velocity 2,000 feet per minute (fpm) is more than 95 percent on respirable dust. A relatively low water flow of two gallons per minute (gpm) per 1,000 cubic feet per minute (cfm)

62 MACHINE- MOUNTED SCRUBBERS 63

of air keeps the scrubber panel free of clogging. Changingscrubber panelsis quick and easy. Developments in machine design allow for the fan, scrubber panel, and mist eliminator up to a capacity of 6,000 cfm, to be installed as integral parts of mining machines. Flooded bed scrubber systems are predominantly being used in room and pillar mining with blowing face ventilation which allows cuts up to 40 feet before changing places. Blowing ventilation is good for methane con trol but not always good for dust control at the miner operator position. The Bureau of Mines has developed a water-powered scrubber that can be used in miner faces with exhaust face ventilation. This paper discusses the research conducted on scrubber systems in stalled on continuous miners and their optimization with face ventilation to reduce the exposure of miner and shuttle car operators to respirable dust. It also discusses productivity that can be enhanced with such improved systems and remote control. Attention has also been paid to installation and maintenance of equipment. Three techniques that can be implemented with scrubber operations were studied: They were as follows: • Use of remote control with scrubber systems so that the operator is in dependent of the mining machine and allows the operator to be in fresh air. • Use of exhaust face ventilation with scrubber systems that allow fresh air to go over the miner operator location. • Use of water-powered scrubber to move the air and suppress the dust.

THE PREVALENCE OF FLOODED BED SCRUBBERS IN UNDERGROUND COAL MINE OPERATIONS The Bureau of Mines has completed a brief survey to obtain a knowledge of the existence of flooded bed scrubbers on continuous miners. The objectives of this were to determine their geographical prevalence and any other circumstance which may have necessitated their introduction into the mines. It was found that most of these scrubbers were located in Southern Illinois and Western Kentucky (table 1) and were being used with blowing face ventilation.

Tabic 1. An Estimate of the .Number of Scrubbers in U. S. Coal Mines Number of Geographical Region Scrubbers in Use Pennsylvania None Northern W. Virginia and Ohio 8 Southern W. Virginia 30 Virginia 19 East Kentucky 32 West Kentucky 35 Southern Illinois 108 Utah and Colorado 6

Total 238 64 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

REMOTE CONTROL, BLOWING FACE VENTILATION AND SCRUBBER SYSTEM Significant increases in production have been estimated for mining systems utilizing radio remote controls and scrubber ventilation systems with cut depths up to 50 feet. In order to evaluate such a system for dust control, the Bureau conducted underground studies with long brattice set backs.

Underground Evaluation At Mine A This undergound test was carried out in a 50-inch high coal seam. A Joy 14 CM continuous miner operated in a 30-foot wide entry and took a 30-foot deep cut. About ten flat fan nozzles discharged 19 gpm of water at 250 psi. The scrubber capacity was 5,000cfm and airflow to the face match ed that scrubber capacity. A blowing curtain was installed as shown in figures 1 and 2. The miner operator used a radio remote control to work the machine.

Intake a ,rV .^-Remote operator (return ® r-. Line curtain

Em.]i!i::;:::::aicaiii HIB ,Return-f ••• '•-/ qif"~ -'- ,

Scrubber Exhaust fan r

Figure 1. Mining with remote operator in face return. MA CHINE-MOUNTED SCRUBBERS 65

Real Time Aerosol monitors (RAM-1) were used to determine short- term fluctuations in dust concentrations. RAM-Is are manufactured by MIE Corporation at Bedford, Mass. A voice tape recorder was used to record dust concentrations and mining activities.

Figure 2. Mining with remote operator in face intake.

Results of Testing

To determine the percentage reduction between two operator positions, dust concentrations were measured at both locations. Two cuts were monitored with RAM-1 at one location and another two with the instru ment at the other. The "intake" remote location had an average dust con centration of 0.2 mg/m' and the "return" remote location had 3.1 mg/m\ Table 2 shows dust concentration values. This equates to a 94 percent reduc tion in operator location and was achieved by relocating the operator relative to the curtain discharge. It should be noted that local mining condi tions with respect to gas emissions, MSHA guidelines regarding brattice set back, and roof control plans may preclude the most advantageous location from the viewpoint of dust exposure. 66 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

Table 2. RAM-1 Dusl Concentration Values fur Remote Operator

Sample Pusilion 1 Position 2

Number (Return) (Intake)

1 2.8 0.2

2 3.2 0.3

3 3.0 0.2

4 3.5 0.3

5 3.4 0.2

6 2.9 0.2

7 3.2 0.3

Shuttle Car Operator's Exposure Because the shuttle car operator is directly in line with the scrubber ex haust, he is exposed to high air velocities as well as any re-entrained dust. To avoid this predicament, some mining companies have switched the shut tle car operator location away from the scrubber discharge. He also sits in a cab between the front and back wheels so that the shocks of riding are evened out.

Alternative Exhaust Arrangement

In many mines the blowing curtain may be on the right side or the left side of the entry and depends on the section ventilation. A split ventilation allows the intake air to come through the center entries, and the return is diverted to the end entries on either side. It may, therefore, occur that the blowing brattice is on the left side of the entry for the right side of the sec tion. The conventional arrangement allows only one exhaust for the scrub ber on the left fender of the continuous miner. The Bureau of Mines has studied a system which can discharge the air to the right as shown in the figure 3 and thus permit the use of scrubbers in entries with left brattice.

BLOWING VS. EXHAUST VENTILATION FOR SCRUBBER SYSTEM Exhaust face ventilation system has the advantage in allowing fresh air to course over the miner operator and reduce his exposure to dust. However, for maximum effectiveness, the brattice distance is limited to ten feet from the face. In response to this problem of short brattice distance, which limits productivity, the Bureau initiated research to determine suitable scrubber systems which allow brattice setbacks longer than ten feet. The scope of the research involved scale model and underground testing at a MA CHINE-MOUNTED S C R U li IS ERS 67

cx^tez] r Scrubber panel u Miner

Mist eliminator-

Fan- € Exhaus

V\\ Return air

Line curtain

14-1

Figure 3. Scrubber exhaust to right when face intake to left. 68 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE suitable mine utilizing a machine-mounted scrubber and changing the face ventilation from blowing to exhaust.

Underground Evaluation at Mine B The underground evaluation with exhaust ventilation was carried out in a coal mine in Illinois. Two Joy 14 CM continuous miners with floodcd- bed scrubbers were operating in a section where the coal was six feet high. Electric shuttle cars hauled away approximately 1,200 tons of coal every shift. The entries were 16 feet wide and a 20-foot cut was usually taken. The normal procedure at the mine was to use a blowing face ventilation with the scrubber. However, for our evaluation, face airflow was maintained at 8,000 cfm through an exhaust curtain. The scrubber airflow was approx imately 6,000 cfm, and the miner was equipped with a conventional water spray system. Hollow cone nozzles each discharging about .70 gpm at 100 psi were being used. Figure 4 shows the ventilation arrangement and sampl ing point for exhaust ventilation. Since the mine was operating a scrubber all the time, our evaluation consisted of a comparison between blowing and exhaust ventilation, rather than exhaust alone, with and without operating the scrubber.

Return air Scrubber exhaust

Shuttle car Dust sampling point

Intake air

*>CAt - &/

Figure 4. Scrubber in exhausi ventilation. MACHINE-MOUNTEDSCRUBBERS 69

Sampling Procedure

A Real-time Aerosol Monitor (RAM-1) was used to determine short term fluctuations in dust concentrations. RAM-Is are manufactured by GCA Technology Division at Bedford, Mass. The RAM-1 was connected to a DL 331 data logger (Metrosonic Co., Rochester, New York) which stored the data signal from RAM-1 at 10-second intervals. At the end of each day, data was transferred to a personal computer and stored on floppy disks for further analysis. All data was time-synchronized with digital watches, and voice tape recorders were used to record mining activities in detail.

Results of Testing Tables 3 and 4 show the concentration values at miner operator loca tion. To determine the percentage reduction at the operator location, dust concentrations were averaged for all the cuts for blowing ventilation and again for exhaust ventilation. Measurements were made only during actual cutting operation and did not take into account idle periods or tramming time. Compliance sampling would show lower concentrations when idle periods are taken into account after allowing for Mining Research Establishment (MRE) correction. There was thus a 47 percent reduction in mean value of dust concentration by converting from blowing to exhaust ventilation at the operator location.

Tabic 3. Concentrations at Miner Operator Location: Blowing Day 1

Cut No. TiincOnin.) Conc.(mg/m') Cone.xTime

1 28 1.34 37.52

2 22 1.69 37.18

3 46 1.70 81.88

4 37 2.17 80.29

5 15 1.25 18.75

6 12 0.44 5.28

Total 160 260.90 Average concentrations 1.63 mg/m' or 2.25 MRE 70 ll. LINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

Dav 2

Cut No. Timetmin.) Cone.(in(•/m1) Conc.xTime

1 25 1.62 40.50

2 20 4.04 80.80

3 20 2.60 52.00

•1 32 3.51 112.32

5 35 2.85 99.75

Total 132 385.37 Average concentration=2.92 mg/m1 or 4.03 MRE Average concentration for both days»2.21mg/m- or 3.05 MRE

Table 4. Concentrations at Miner Operator Location: Exhausting Day 3

Cut No. Timelmin.) < inc.(mg/m1) C onc.xTime

1 37 0.45 16.65

2 56 1.18 66.08

3 44 1.58 69.52

4 28 1.48 41.44

Total 165 193.69 Average concentration21.75 mg/m* or 1.62 MRE

Discussion of Results Tests were conducted in a super section with shuttle cars moving to the left and right from the central entry of the section. The airflow in the sec tion was single split ventilation, moving from right-most entry to left-most entry. Since the left part of the section will have the brattice to the left side of each entry, the movement of the shuttle car will not be affected by brat tice position when operating under the exhaust mode. Of course this method is possible only with curtain and not with a blowing tube. It is im portant that the section ventilation is planned to flow from right to left at the face. This will place the scrubber discharge in the same side of the entry as the exhaust curtain. It is also important that the brattice mouth be kept MA CHI NE-MOUN TED SCRUBBER S 71 out by the scrubber discharge at all times, and the discharge be at an angle to the rib. This will facilitate the smooth How of air out of the face and show high dust reductions.

WATER-POWERED SCRUBBER SYSTEM

The objectives for the development were: • To ensure an adequate airflow for effective dust capture (minimum of 2,000 to 2,500 cfm). • To determine the necessity of the mist elimination and the effects of the mist eliminators on airflow. • To ensure system practicality with respect to installation over the throat area and damage from or interference with coal flow along the conveyor. The tubular design was developed as shown in figure 5. A series of five tubes, with sprays on each, draws dusty air from the throat area, scrubs it through the tubes, demists it through a traditional wave blade demister, and then exhausts it toward the return line curtain. Previous testing showed that Spraying Systems BD 8-1 nozzles are the most effective sprays for water consumption in this application. The five nozzles consume approximately nine gpm at 1,000 psi. An application for this throat scrubber design on an actual miner is il lustrated in figure 6. The entire unit was mounted on a rugged steel plate which straddles the boom arms allowing the unit to move up and down with the boom. The plate is hinged on the inby end so that the entire unit can deflect up and out of the way if large pieces of coal or rock arc pulled through the conveyor. A modified arrangement, which was actually used underground, had the following features: a) an inlet hood, spray bar, scrub ber tubes and demister (with transition) all mounted as a contained unit on top of a flat plate, and b) scrubber tubes modified to contain water stripp ing rings in a two-piece configuration; the tubes were spaced slightly apart to allow stripped water to fall to the bottom of the unit and drain through holes into the miner conveyer.

Scrubber Tests For Airflow Airflow tests were run on the final scrubber design. Variables included: a) water pressure (800, 1,000, and 1,200 psi); b) spray nozzles (BD 8-1 and BD 8-2); and c) number of spray tubes in operation (3, 4, and 5). Intended operating spray pressure will be 1,000 psi; 800 and 1,200 psi were tested to determine any effects resulting from inevitable pressure varia tions underground. The number of tubes in operation was tested in con junction with the spray nozzle types to determine if it would prove more ef fective to use higher capacity (BD 8-2) nozzles with less tubes. 72 ILLINOIS MINING INS TI TU TE

Hood with turning vanes to direct cleaned air Clean air exhaust toward curtain mouth -

Demister

Tube sections Spray bar

Dusty air intake from throat area P&H-ll (approx 2,500- 33.2. 3,000 cfm)

Figure 5. Throat scrubber with five tubes.

tm-tl

Figure 6. Throat scrubber installed on Miner. MAC NINE- MOUNTED SCRUBBERS 73

The results of the airflow tests are presented in table 5. As seen in the table, airflows over all test iterations were well in excess of 2,500 cfm, which should provide adequate capture efficiency in the actual boom location.

Tabic 5. Results of Airflow Testing • Final Scrubber Design and Configuration

No. of Tubes Nozzle Pressure Flow Airflow Test

Operating Type (psi) (gpra) (cfm) No.

BD8-1 1000 9 3246 1*

1000 9 2857 2

800 8 2584 3

5 tubes 1200 9.5 3049 4

BD8-2 1000 15 3583 5

800 13 3190 6

BD8-1 1000 7 2747 7

4 tubes BD8-2 1000 12 3533 8 800 10.5 3120

3 tubes BD8-2 1000 9 2682 10

1000 9 2534 11"

•Demister and transition not in use. "Scrubber inlet area reduced by 50% to simulate airflow constriction.

Underground Evaluation at Mine C The underground evaluation was conducted in a eoal mine seetion with five entries. Two Joy 12CM miners worked the section with double split ventilation. Only one miner was operating at any time, and the left-hand side miner had the throat scrubber installed on it. The coal seam was six feet thick, and the entry width was 18 feet. Section production was 550 raw tons per shift. The evaluation focused on comparative testing with and without an operating throat scrubber, on a cut-by-cut basis. Testing emphasized respirable dust monitoring at five locations throughout the face area using 74 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE gravimetric samplers or Miniram monitors. The following points were sampled: • operator's cab • off-operator's cab • inby operator behind the hinge point • inby off-operator • immediate face return behind the line curtain. The return station consisted of six gravimetric samplers, three for the A condition and three for the B condition. One sampler per condition was used in the operator's cab.

Results of Underground Evaluation Table 6 shows the average dust concentrations for the 24 cuts monitored over a one-week period. The operator reduction was 64 percent with the scrubber on, while the return samples showed a 59 percent reduc tion. All the concentration values represent the time of actual testing and should not be considered as full-shift samples for compliance purposes.

Table 6. Results of Throat Scrubber Testing

Hinge Point Hinge Point

Cab Off Cub Curtain Off Curtain Return

off on off on off on off on off on

CONC.

tmg.'in')' 10.a: 3.71 .1.05 ;.\s 16.34 -.24 16.66 5.96 9.14 3.70

PERCENT

REDUCTION 64 36 56 64 59 CA>)

* 'these values should nol be considered for compliance purposes.

Discussion of Results and Scrubber Performance The operator is already in the exhaust mode of face ventilation and, therefore, any reduction achieved by the scrubber is in addition to the low dust concentrations. Visual observations showed a dramatic improvement as the entire face area was cleared of dust raised by the machine. The cutter head and bits were clearly visible for the operator to mine the coal. The sec tion personnel welcomed the scrubber installation and the shuttle car MACHINE-MOUNTED SCRUBBERS 75 operator could see the actual loading of the cars due to less conveyor dust. The roof bolters working downwind of the miner felt comfortable with the cleaner air reaching them. As expected, adequate curtain setback is impor tant for good performance. The curtain should be outby of the scrubber ex haust at all times to prevent recirculation. This is really an advantage since extended face advance is possible with remote control. There was one dif ficulty in that the operator could not see the far corner of the cutter head during initial sumping. The helper provided the guidance initially while the miner operator set the machine up.

INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE OF BELTLINES Mine operators have also found that their mines can operate far more productively with careful attention paid to the installation and maintenance of beltlines. The bcltlinc is the coal mine's main artery, at Zciglcr Coal Company's Mine No. 11, near Coultcrvillc, Illinois. Three continuous miner sections produce 3,000 tons per shift. In February 1986, the mine began a program of installing all belt drives and power supplies in clean, well-lighted areas in the mine. Drives are located every 3,500 feet along each conveyer line in crosscuts that have been excavated to a height of eight feet, one and a half feet above the height of the coal seam. Each drive is anchored to a concrete footer laid in the mine floor, and the belt is suspended on a well-anchored steel struc ture to the loading point. The legs of this structure are located 15 feet apart to take the strain off the drive. The mine also pays close attention to belt maintenance. Every mine manager has one section of the panel and main belt for which he is responsi ble. The mine services its belt drives once a week. Section foremen check the belt every shift, and idlers are greased every six months.

CONCLUSIONS To obtain high productions from room and pillar mining it is necessary to utilize good dust control, face ventilation, and maintenance techniques. Installation of a scrubber needs to be optimized with face ventilation for a potential increase in production. Water-powered scrubbers provide a safe and effective alternative to fan-powered scrubbers.

David Striizel: Our next paper is entitled "Monitoring and Control at the Wabash Mine" to be presented by Mr. David Rinehart, who is Electrical Supervisor for AMAX Coal Company in Elkville, Indiana. David holds a bachelor of science degree in electrical engineering from West Virginia In stitute of Technology. Prior to working for AMAX, he was a assistant maintenance manager for Westmoreland Coal Co., 1974-1982. Since 1982, he has been senior electrical engineer and electrical supervisor for AMAX Coal Company. David Rinehart. MONITORING AND CONTROL AT THE WABASH MINE

DAVID R. RINEHART Electrical Supervisor, Underground Division AMAX Coal Company Keensburg, Illinois

ABSTRACT This paper briefly outlines the principles of MSA's Data Access Net work (DAN) monitoring system used at AMAX Coal Company's Wabash Mine. The paper cites specific examples of equipment being monitored along with the history of the development of the system.

INTRODUCTION AMAX Coal Company's Wabash Mine is located in southeastern Il linois one-and-a-half miles east of Keensburg, Illinois in Wabash County. Wabash Mine began production in October, 1973. Coal at Wabash is mined from the Illinois Springfield (No. 5) seam which ranges from five-and-a- half to seven-and-a-half feet thick, 700 to 930 feel below the surface. Wabash Mine personnel became interested in a computer-based monitoring system during the New Harmony Fault crossing project. This project was undertaken to gain access to mineable reserves west of the New Harmony Fault line. The fault had displaced the coal scam vertically 100 feet from the portion of the seam that was being mined. Prior to the fault crossing project, Wabash maintained a belt- indicating system that simply turned a light panel "on" or "off" depending condition of a particular belt. Mine management felt that the money needed to expand the light panel system could be better spent by investing in a com plete monitoring system. Initially, the belt drives west of the fault would be monitored on the system, with plans to eventually include the entire mine in the system. Wabash Mine currently has seventeen miles of belt in operation. After researching several systems that were on the market at the time, MSA's Data Acquisition Network (DAN) was purchased.

MSA'S DATA ACQUISITION NETWORK (DAN) 6400 SERIES MSA's 6400 series monitoring system consists of the following com ponents: • Compupro 816 40 megabyte hard disk drive • 8 inch floppy disk drive for data storage • Two 13 inch color CRTs • Modem (Intelligent Line Controller - ILC) - sends and receives data from central computer and the field data stations

76 WABASH M1NE MON/ TO R 1 N G 77

• Okidata 350 character per second printer • 25 inch color monitor to display graphic and trend data Information from monitored equipment is gathered by Field Data Sta tions (FDS). MSA's model FDS-I can monitor eight digital inputs (on-off contacts) and cither four analog (quantitative measured voltage signal) or four relay output (control functions). The model FDS-II is larger and can monitor up to five times the functions of an FDS-I. Data transmission is accomplished via a single twisted pair No. 19 AWG wire for the entire system. System configuration can be found in Figure 1.

WABASH COMMUNICATIONS CENTER

The central computer station for Wabash Mine was installed in the Communication Center. The Communication Center is manned 24 hours per day, 365 days per year. The function of the center is to keep track of mine production, maintenance problems, and location of mine manage ment personnel. The information transfer through the center enables managers to obtain data from all departments of the operation from one source. Operators in the center are experienced underground miners. All hold Illinois Mine Examiner and Mine Manager certification. By having this ex perience, the operators are able to relate to mine-specific problems and communicate at the level of the underground worker. Operators were given two eight-hour training sessions on the DAN system shortly after initial installation was completed. Basic system opera tion and programming procedures were covered in the sessions. Although the majority of the operators had little or no previous computer training, all quickly became proficient in the use of the system.

INITIAL UNDERGROUND MONITORING

The belt conveyor drives in the area west of the fault were the first to be monitored. An FDS-I was installed in close proximity to the drive motor controller, where operating status of the machine could be monitored. Digital inputs from the belt run relay, remote switch, sequence switch, belt slip switch and chute plug switch were connected to the data stations at each drive. This enabled any change of status of the machine to be observed by the communication center operator. Once a change of status is acknowledged, the operator informs the appropriate belt maintenance manager so he may correct any problems to return the belt to proper operation. Carbon monoxide (CO) sensors were also installed along a selected number of belt lines. In recent years industry and law enforcement agencies have accepted CO monitoring as a safer means of detecting belt fires underground. (Welsh, Cohen, Chilton, 1987). The first CO sensors were 78 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

PRINTER

13"CRT CENTRAL COLOR 25"COLOR MONITOR COMPUTER AND GRAPHICS DRIVER SCREEN DISK DRIVES MONITOR

ILC

13" CRT REPORTS 8 GRAPHICS

TO OTHER x FIELD DATA °1 STATIONS ANALOG o- INPUTS o-

o-

o-

o- DIGITAL q_

INPUTS °~ O- o-

o-

Figure 1. Configuration of Mine Safety Appliances Data Access Network (DAN) 6400 WABASHM INE MONITORING 79 placed in order to determine the maintenance involved as well as the reliability of the CO sensors themselves for belt fire detection. The operational experience of the CO sensors warranted a decision by mine management to incorporate CO monitoring on all belt lines in the mine where MSHA regulations permit.

SURFACE EQUIPMENT MONITORING Anyone that works in an underground mine will agree that the ventila tion fan is the most critical piece of equipment at the mine site to be monitored on the surface. Field Data Stations (FDS) were installed adjacent to the motor starters in order to observe the status of the four fans. Pressure transducers that sense water gauge pressure produced by the fans transmit a continuous analog signal to the communications center. The three million tons of coal produced per year by the mine are con veyed from underground to the surface via a 2,700-foot, 18-degree incline slope belt. An FDS was installed to monitor on/off status of the belt along with pull cord switches, rip detector indicator, and the analog signal for the current draw on the dual 1,000 hp drive motors. The slope belt drive system incorporates a fixed fill delay chamber type fluid coupling to achieve smooth transition on belt start up. Monitoring current draw by the motors indicates load sharing between the two motors. If an imbalance exists, procedures to correct the imbalance can be perform ed before damage can occur to the system from heat generated by slippage from one of the fluid couplings. Analog sensors provide quantitative measurement for various parameters on the surface. Carbon monoxide and methane (CPU) sensors in the top of the coal storage silos monitor for fire and potential hazards from CHj accumulations. Strain gauges monitor rock dust inventory in the 150-ton bulk rock dust tank. A thermocouple measures room temperature of the in-motion track scale computer room. All data from the analog sen sors arc displayed at the communication center through the DAN system. A detailed list ofparameters that are monitored are contained in Table 1.

tabic I— Equipment and paramclcrs monitored bj the Data Access Network (DAN) at AMAX Wabash Mine. Equipment Parameters Monitored Sensor Type Status Report Conveyor Belt Belt Run Contact Running/Off Drives Remote Switch/ Pull Cord Contact Open/Close Bell Slip Contact Open/Close Belt Sequence Contact Open/Close Spill/Chute Plug Contact Open/Close Fire/Water Deluge Contact Open/Close Overload Contact Open/Close Motor Current Current Transformer Amps Motor Volts Transformer Volt 80 ILL IN OIS MINING INS TITUTE

Kquipment Parameters Monitored Sensor Type Status Report

Carbon Monoxide CO Cell PPM - CO Ventilation Fans Fan Run Contact Running/Off Water Gauge Pressure Transd uccr Inches FLO

Mine Water Pump Run Contact Running/Off Discharge System Pump Discharge Flowmeter Gallons per minute

Fresh Water Tank Level Contact OK/Low System Depth Sensor Feet of Water

Bulk Rock Dust Inventory Strain Gauge Tons of Dust Dust System Bin Pressure Contact OK/Low Material Valve Contact Open/Close Air Switch Contact Open/Close

In-Motion Security System Door Switch Open/Close Track Scale Room Temperature Thermocouple Degrees F Power Supply Contact Alarm on Loss of Power

Belt Scale Scale Output Analog Tons per Hour

Methane Vacuum Pump Run Contact On/Off Pump Seal Pressure Pressure Transducer Inches H:0 Oxygen level Oxygen Cell Percent Oxygen

Coal Storage Silo Methane Methane Cell Percent CH, Carbon Monoxide CO Cell PPM CO

DEVELOPMENT OF OTHER USES FOR THE SYSTEM Once DAN was operational and ils uses apparent, mine engineers began to include DAN's capabilities into development plans for the mine. Such was the case in the plans for construction of underground facilities west of the fault. The use of battery-powered equipment in the west area of the mine necessitated permanent structures to be built for use as battery charging sta tions and shop areas to repair and perform maintenance on the machines. An economical way to deliver the volume of concrete needed to build the facilities loomed as a major concern. DAN's control capabilities were utilized in solving the problem. Dropping ready-mixed concrete directly from the mixing truck into the mine through a borehole drilled vertically into the mine was the method chosen. A borehole associated with the bulk rock dust system for the west area of the mine had previously been drilled. The borehole had been used for the control cable for the operator's station underground. By programm ing the control scheme into DAN and using Field Data Stations on the sur face and underground, a control cable for the dust system was no longer needed. The borehole for the control cable was then available to drop con crete through. W ABAS HMINE MONITORING 81

An FDS-1 was installed underground at the dust loading control sta tion. An FDS-II was installed on the surface where inputs from tank pressure, valve position, and status indicator switches arc viewed in the communication center. Relay outputs from the FDS-II open and close valves upon signal from the FDS-I underground. A weight strain gauge pro vides an analog input signal to the FDS-II for inventory control. If a need arises, most any equipment near an FDS can be monitored once the FDS is installed. When documentation was needed to meet U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) requirements to change the classification of a PCB transformer, an FDS originally assigned to monitor the ventilation fans was used for the purpose. Since the transformer was de- energized, regulations required the transformer oil to be heated between 40°C to 50°C for ninety days after the PCBs had been removed. With a thermocouple temperature sensing device, oil temperature was noted in the communication center via the FDS.

PLANS FOR THE FUTURE At this writing, approximately 85 percent of the mine's belt drives are being monitored. Total belt monitoring is projected to be completed within six months. Total CO monitoring on belt lines for early warning fire detec tion is expected to be completed in the same time frame. All unattended facilities such as remote pumps or water tanks, will be monitored in the future. Each FDS installed can be considered as a 24-hour attendant at each facility. Since the commission of the system at Wabash, mine personnel have witnessed the benefits that a computerized monitoring system can provide. Evidenced by the commitment of management to expand, DAN's use is on ly limited by Wabash's needs.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

U. S. Bureau of Mines Information Circular 9157, Suggested Minimum Performance for Underground Coal Environmental Monitoring Systems, by J. H. Welsh, A. F. Cohen, J. E. Chilton, 1987.

David Slriizel: Our next paper is entitled "Computer Usage at Kcrr- McGec's Galatia Mine Preparation Plant." This paper will be presented by Stephen R. Reed who is the Manager of Plant Operations and Engineering at Kerr-McGce Coal Corporation, Galatia Mine near Harrisburg, Illinois. Steve has a bachelor of science degree in metallurgical engineering from the University of Utah and was Coal Preparation Engineer for Atlantic Richfield Company prior to joining Kerr-McGee. As Manager of Plant Operations and Engineering at Kerr-McGee, he is responsible for all pro gramming, startup, and computer control systems at the Galatia Prepara tion Plant. Mr. Steve Reed. COMPUTER USAGE AT KERR-MCGEES GALATIA MINE PREPARATION PLANT

STEPHEN R. REED Manager, Plant Operations and Engineering Kerr-McGee Coal Corporation Galatia, Illinois

INTRODUCTION Construction of Kerr-McGee Coal Corporation's Galatia underground coal mine began in August 1981, and the first train of coal was shipped, on schedule, in January 1984. Coal from the mine, located in Saline county, about two miles from Galatia, Illinois, is used for power generation by Union Electric Company, St. Louis, Missouri.

OVERVIEW OF GALATIA MINE OPERATION The Galatia Mine ships coal produced from both the Harrisburg No. 5 scam and the Herrin No. 6 seam. A common shaft and slope is used in min ing both seams, but the coals are actually mined, processed, and stored separately. We estimate that the Galatia Mine complex is capable of an an nual output of 3.5 million to 4 million clean tons. Recoverable reserves are estimated to be 100 million tons from the Herrin No. 6 seam and 80 million tons from the Harrisburg No. 5 seam. The preparation plant at the Galatia Mine was designed to process 1,000 tons of raw coal per hour. The coal is processed in four size fractions, 4 inches by 1/2 inch, by 28 mesh, 28 mesh by 100 mesh, and 100mesh by 0. A Daniels heavy media vessel is used for cleaning the plus 1/2 inch material. The 1/2 inch by 28 mesh material is cleaned using Krebs 26 inch heavy media cyclones. The 28 by 100 mesh and 100 mesh by 0 size fractions are processed using Denver froth flotation cells. All product streams finer than 1-1 Mi inches are mechanically dried. Centrifugal & Mechanical Industries, Inc. VC-48's are used on plus 28 mesh, and Bird 44 by 132 screen bowl cen trifuges are used on the combined minus 28 mesh product. The Preparation Plant Control System assumes control of the coal as it enters the raw coal storage silos. Specifications for the plant control system were written to ensure a central location from which all plant operations any prescribed ratio is incorporated into the silo discharge system. Refuse from the Galatia Preparation Plant is handled in two ways: first, the 4 inch by 100 mesh material is transported by truck from the refuse bin to a stock pile; and second, the fine (100 mesh by 0) refuse is dewatered by a thickener and slurry pond system.

82 COMPUTERS ATGALAT1A MINE 83

The loadout facility is a batch loading system designed by Ramsey Engineering. Unit-trains of 95 cars are loaded at a rate of 4,000 to 4,500 tons per hour.

USE OF COMPUTERS AT THE GALATIA MINE PREPARATION PLANT

There are four major computer systems currently in use at the Galatia Mine Preparation Plant. They are the Preparation Plant Control System, the Loadout Control System, the Management Information System, and the Universal Maintenance Information System or UMIS.

Preparation Plant Control System

The Preparation Plant Control System assumes control of the coal as it enters the raw coal storage silos. Specifications for the plant control system were written to ensure a central location from which all plant operaiions could be monitored and controlled. The type of control room envisioned was similar to that of a modern chemical plant or refinery. The selected system had to provide useful real time information, be easily expanded or modified, utilize proven technology, and sustain a high level of availability. Moreover, the plant was designed to operate efficiently with a minimally labor-intensive workforce and be flexible enough in operation to meet the different washing characteristics of each seam. We reviewed all the then available systems and selected the D-2 distributed control system manufactured by Rcxnord Automation (former ly EMC Controls). The D-2 system uses a Digital Equipment Corporation PDP 11/44 mini-computer, with one megabyte of memory and two disk drives as the host computer. This computer drives the operator's console and the various major operator interface features. The control system contains a microcomputer called a display control module (DCM) that acts as a backup for the host computer. Should the host fail, plant control rolls automatically to the DCM. The DCM does not sup port the graphics, report generation, or trending features of the host, but it does support two operator consoles and will allow the operator to continue plant operation. The balance of the plant control hardware is fully redun dant. Another microcomputer, called a communication control module (CCM), is dedicated to routing communications. It allows all the distributed components to communicate in any combination. Four more microcomputers, called process control modules (PCMs), are used to control the plant. Two of the PCMs are located in the control room and have manual backup stations for operating the analog control loops should the PCM and its backup fail. The other two PCMs are remote ly located at the base of each set of silos. They provide digital control and monitor the analog signals. 84 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

The remaining hardware consists of three operator consoles and two printers. This equipment allows interaction between the operator and the conlrol system. Two phone modems are attached to the system. One is for remote access by authorized individuals, and the other is used exclusively by Digital Equipment Corporation for maintenance on the 11/44. Computer hardware operation, of course, is software dependent. After review of the process, instrument, and preliminary logic drawings, developed by Kerr-McGec and Jacobs Engineering, we concluded that Rex- nord's proven software would support our plant. Kcrr-McGee opted to develop the system in-house using the host portion of the system in the field. The plant interlock, the analog control loops, and the report generating software were defined and tested along with the hardware prior to system shipment. Once installed, conlrol and instrument functions were verified as portions of the plant were turned over from construction to operations. As a result, the system was able to support design tonnage by the third operating day. The experience of developing our own systems has proven invaluable. We have since trained the two lead operators in many aspects of the soft ware development and management. These operators add, modify, or occa sionally delete analog points as changes are made in the control schemes. Additionally, the interlock sequence is still changing to reflect im provements in operational procedures developed from over three years of plant-specific experience. Plant start-ups are controlled by the plant operator with group starts incorporated where possible. Sequencing of all the motors on CMI dryers, banks of flotation cells, and raw coal feeders arc handled in this manner. Since the operator is continually monitoring sump levels, motor amperages, temperatures, and flow rates, he energizes equipment only after he is satisfied that it can be operated safely. A one-button start was considered, but since normal start-up takes less than 15 minutes (the record is less than seven minutes), we decided to keep the operator actively involved. There are many operating "tools" that the system provides. Set/reset blocks of logic are used in the event a field device fails to start or stops while running. These allow the computer to drop the starter and continue forward to other equipment in the group. Overrides are provided to disable parts of a group or to reset set/reset blocks after a sequence failure. During start-up and shut-down, a graphics display called Dyscl 500 shows running equipment in green and non-operating equipment in red. The listing is in the order prescribed by the plant interlock and is also useful in the event of a plant upset. Real time information can be displayed in several forms, each with in creasing levels of information. The bar chart is useful for a quick survey of data such as the sump levels in the plant. Green indicates that the value of the readout is within a previously assigned deviation range. Red indicates the value is outside the prescribed range. The next level of information, called a 22-Iinc, shows the process value, associated units, alarm values, and a COMPUTERS AT GALAT IA MINE 85 description of the point. The four-by-four display shows eight points at a time and indicates loop setpoints and control signal output. The remaining points from the 22-line display are accessed using a page button. The most detailed level of display is a single loop. This shows control parameters and a real time trend of the process value. The single loop display is ideal for tuning eontrol loops' since all timing parameters are established at the operator's console. All parameters are password proteeted, and the console can be locked to eliminate the chance for inadvcrtant changes. Software allows values of process variables to be manipulated internal to the system. This gives us the ability to make adjustments of data such as correcting heavy media sump levels for changes in density. On/off or digital points are shown in their current state (open or closed). A brief description of the point is also given. Digital outputs are available for display but are generally not called up except for troubleshooting. Auxiliary contacts are used in the starters for a confirmation of starter closure. Some equipment such as screens and pumps have additional methods of confirming operation, including motion sensors and flow in dicators. All equipment indicators arc tied to the graphic 500 display for quick reference. The alarm summary displays a list of points which arc not in their nor mal state. Alarms or deviation from normal are indicated by a change of color. Yellow indicates a deviation from setpoint; red is change of state; blue is out of range; and green is return to normal. The summary lists the point name, time, date, and value at time of alarm. The point remains on the summary until it returns to its normal state. A printout of all alarms is also generated, listing the alarms in the order in which they occurred. This printout is continuous in any mode of operation. Any operator changes which affect the process or its control arc recorded on the system printer by a program called Track/: This printout and the alarm printout allow operators and management to analyze the ef fect of changes on the plant. Data collected and stored by the control system is available for trending at the operators' consoles. The computer system will display the infor mation in one-minute intervals over two hours, four-minute intervals over eight hours, 12-minute intervals over 24 hours, and two-hour intervals over five days. These displays are useful for determining if a problem has developed quickly or over a long period of time. Trending can also be done on hard copy using one of 12 available Foxboro Trend pens. Printouts of the various group displays can be made at any time by the stroke of a key. Groups consisting of ampere readings, temperatures, or flow rates arc established and periodically printed, saved, and used for com parison purposes. Running times for individual plant components are collected by the PCMs, eliminating the need for hour meters. This data is gathered by the host and either printed or saved on disk. A phone link is used to transfer the data to the UM1S system. The information is particularly useful for 86 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE scheduling preventive maintenance inspections and services. The run-time data has also proven valuable in support of warranty claims.

Reporting Data Many of the above features are used together to produce various reports. Two types of reports are currently being generated. A "spot" report can be triggered from the operator's consolethat depictssuchdata as tons of coal processed, plant-operating time, down time and current inven tory levels on any given shift. The second type of report prompts the operator for information and prints out information such as scheduled time, tonnages by shift, day, six-month, and year-to-date periods. These reports are entered in the management information system where they are stored for access as desired.

Load Out Control System Clean coal, once in the silos, is withdrawn under the control of the loadout system, which consists of several different components. The silo ventilation fans, feeders, and loadout belt are controlled by a program mable logic controller (PLC) interacting with a mini-computer. The mini computer controls the batch weighing system and is coupled with an in- motion track scale which inputs arrival time, rail car tare weights, and car identification numbers. The operator uses a CRT to enter the crew's names, train number, and number of cars. Arrival time is sent to the loadout system and noted when the train crosses the scale. Prior to the train's reaching the loadout, the operator checks for methane and inspects the belt line and loadout tower. He then starts the ventilation fans, loadout belt, and system hydraulics and performs a calibration test of the weigh bin, if desired. As the first car is spotted, the computer calculates the net weight for the car by subtracting the tare weight from the gross setpoint. The loadout computer draws the amount needed from the surge bin using four flood gates. Coal from the weigh bin is then discharged into the car. The loadout system can open and close the weigh bin discharge gate automatically if the rail cars are uniform. The bin is revveighed after it is emptied to account for any coal left in the bin. The excess coal in the bin is used as part of the next weigh cycle. After each cycle, the system prints the tare, net, and gross weights on the manifest and calculates the next batch. This operation takes between 45 seconds and one minute per car and continues until the last car is loaded. The completed manifest is transferred electronically to the MIS system, where it is sent to the marketing depart ment, the customer, and all involved railroads. The entire data transmission COMPUTERS AT GALA TIA MINE 87 process takes about five minutes to complete and allows the manifest to be sent before the train has departed from the mine site. If the track scale is not operable, car numbers and tare weights are taken from the railroad manifest and entered manually.

Mine- wide Management Information System A Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC) VAX 780 serves as the Mine- wide Management Information System (MIS). The system is used by the plant for other tracking and reporting purposes. Train information, in cluding coal quality data are entered into a database and routinely sent to the home office and the customer. Reports are generated after each train that show the rolling ten-train quality average and the six-month cumulative average. The quality database contains other information such as arrival time, load time, load dates, total tons, and car weight information. Plant production data are transferred from the shift reports created by the plant control system to a database on the MIS. Currently, daily produc tion reports are printed automatically at several locations around the mine and in Oklahoma City. Other reports are printed as needed for specific in formation such as month-end totals.

Universal Maintenance Information System

The VAX computer also runs the Universal Maintenance Information System (UMIS). The system is used by the plant to schedule preventive maintenance inspections and services based on calendar dates, operating hours, or plant through-put which is transferred from the plant control system. UMIS also tracks open work requests and the deferred maintenance backlog. All planned repair work at the preparation plant is scheduled by UMIS, and historical data is recorded in the system. All maintenance management personnel down to the front-line foreman enter work requests into UMIS. Additionally, the control room operator enters work requests as operations personnel report problems to him. A daily report is generated showing new request identified during the week, scheduled jobs not yet completed, and jobs completed. We utilize a clean coal silo model to help custom-blend coal during loadout. Silo footage, tonnage, and coal quality for each operating shift are entered into the model. Assuming mass flow, the model tracks coal in the silos and can predict quality for a given blend. The simulated results are typically very close to the actual train analyses

SUMMARY In summary, the computer systems 1 have discussed probably sound complex, and indeed they are. It is a credit to our personnel that they are 88 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE now able to initiate a plant startup or coal seam process change in less than 15 minutes and load trains within the prescribed weight range almost 100 percent of the time. With little or no prior computer experience, the plant operators have accepted the responsibility for data entry and report genera tion. In addition, the involvement and commitment of all personnel have contributed to improvements in old programs and development of new ones. This support has been invaluable and has created a sense of pride and personal involvement of all personnel with the computer systems of the Galatia Preparation Plant.

David Stritzel. Thank you, Steve. 1 am sorry to report that our next speaker, Tom Madsen, has suffered a heart attack. Hopefully, he will be better soon. In his place, the paper entitled "Political Potpourri ..." will be presented by Patricia Vopelak, Supervisor of Environmental Ad ministration for Illinois Power Company. Ms. Vopelak holds a master's degree in environmental science from Miami University in Oxford, Ohio and also a bachelor's of science in biology and environmental studies from the State University of New York, Stonybrook. She is responsible for monitoring Illinois Power Company's compliance with air pollution control and noise regulations. This includes monitoring the acid rain issues from both the scientific and political perspectives. It is a pleasure to welcome Patricia Vopelak. POLITICAL POTPOURRI—ACTIONS AND REACTIONS, TECHNICAL AND POLITICAL DIALOGUES ON ACID RAIN AND NUMEROUS SIDE ISSUES

TOM MADSEN Supervisor of Legislative Affairs and PATRICIA VOPELAK Supervisor of Environmental Administration Illinois Power Company Decatur, Illinois

INTRODUCTION Acid rain continues to be one of the most popular environmental issues of the decade with various environmental groups, legislators, and members of the media frequently declaring that acid precipitation in the Northeast stems from coal-burning power plants in the Midwest. It is alleged that acid rain has impacted sensitive areas causing aquatic, forest, and crop damage. The public continues to be informed that immediate controls are need ed to avoid more damage from acid rain even though available scientific data docs not support this statement. Legislative proposals are being of fered as solutions to a problem that is still not fully understood. Most of these proposals call for reductions in Midwest power plant emissions without assurance that benefits will be in line with the costs. Therefore, any discussion of the acid rain "phenomenon" requires an examination of what acid rain is, the science surrounding this issue, and the current political climate.

THE SCIENCE SURROUNDING THE ISSUE

What is Acid Rain? The term "acid rain" was coined in 1872 by an English scientist Robert Smith in a book entitled "Air and Rain: The Beginnings of a Chemical Climatology". Smith was the first to note acid rain damage to plants and materials. He also proposed detailed procedures for the collection and chemical analyses of precipitation. Acid rain is generally defined as rain whose acidity is lower than pH 5.6, since all rain is naturally acidic. Natural sources of acid include: carbon dioxide in the atmosphere, sulfur oxides from volcanos, geysers and bacterial activity and nitrogen oxides from lightening, forest fires, and bacterial activity. However, there are places in the world, which are not heavily exposed to the products of industrial activity or fossil-fuel combus tion, with rainfall pH's of below 5.6, i.e. a remote area of Hawaii weighted 90 ILLINOIS M IN IN OIN STITUTE average precipitation over a four year period was pH 5.3 (with a minimum value of pH 3.8).

Source-Receptor Relationships Cannot be Predicted One of the reasons Midwest sulfur dioxide (S02) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions continue to be presented as the culprit in the acid rain debate is because the geographic areasexhibiting the most sensitivity to this phenomenon arc largely downwind of midwestcrn coal-fired power plants. However, studies continue to show that levels of emissions and deposition are not linear. Research has indicated that many of the processes involved in the transformation of SO. to sulfuric acid arc non-linear and complex and intricately linked to both other pollutants (e.g., NOx, volatile organic car bons, and oxidants) and specific weather conditions. Specific source- receptor relationships still cannot be predicted with reasonable certainty that is, the degree to which acid deposition in a particular area of concern would be reduced by emission controls or reductions at a specific source or source area. It is evident that the relative contribution of distant vs. local sources to acid deposition and the issue of long-range transport are still under debate. These issues continue to represent major sources of uncer tainty in evaluating the effectiveness of possible control strategies.

Initial Speculation Being Replaced with Scientifically Developed Facts The cause of acid rain, and hence, aquatic system, forest, crop, and material damage is still being attributed to the SO. and NOx created by the combustion of fossil fuels. However, the initial speculation and anecdotal evidence supporting this belief are being replaced with scientifically developed facts. Some of the most recent facts arc summarized below: • Lake acidification is a complex process involving acid and base inputs from numerous and different sources. The lake-watershed system must be evaluated as a whole in order to establish the factors responsible for any ef fects observed. • Corrosions of metals due to acid rain is in most regions a local pro blem restricted to areas close to the pollution source. • Ambient levels of acidity in rain (pH 3.8 to 4.5) cause no consistent negative effects for any of the agricultural crops that have been studied. • Preliminary results suggest that levels of SO. and NOx are also too low regionally to cause measurable damage to forests. • Of nearly twenty cases of forest stress reported in Europe and North America, in only a few cases were airborne chemicals considered probable or possible causal or contributing factors. • Preliminary results suggest that SO- and NOx levels are too low regionally to cause measurable damage to forests. POLITICAL DIALOGUES 91

The aforementioned facts emphasize that research results obtained to date have greatly expanded the understanding of the acid rain issue. This ex panding knowledge does not support earlier claims regarding alleged severe effects of acid rain and, thus, is casting increasing doubt on the likelihood that proposals calling for additional SO; and NOx controls would confer any benefits.

THE POLITICS OF ACID RAIN The acid rain issue has developed into a complex political problem. This problem has pitted Canada against the United States, region against region within the United States, stationary sources against mobile sources, and divided the coal industry, the utility industry, and both major political parties. I would like to briefly discuss each aspect of this problem then briefly discuss proposed acid rain legislation.

Canada versus (he United Stales

Canada — the U. S. releases more than 40 million tons of sulfur diox ide into the atmosphere, of which 4 million find their way into eastern Canada. In some areas of Canada which are immediately downwind of ma jor U. S. emission sources, more than 70 percent of wet acidic depositions are of American origin. In contrast, Canada bears responsibility for 15 per cent of all acid fallout in New England and 25 percent of all acid rain fallout in the Adirondacks. The federal and provincial governments in Canada have agreed on timetables and targets to reduce SO; emissions to half of their 1980 levels by 1994. Recently, the Province of Ontario announced it would undertake a massive 67 percent reduction; this would involve Ontario Hydro, Interna tional Nickel, and Algoma Steel. United States — Sulfur dioxide emissions in the U. S. declined by 24 percent from 1970 to 1984. In Canada today, there are no operating scrubbers on power plants, none under construction, and none planned. Nearly 20 percent of the coal- fired electricity generated in the U. S. is scrubbed (142 operating, 15 under construction, and 34 in the planning phase). The only real reductions in Canada have been achieved through production curtailments rather than emission controls. In addition, U. S. imports of Canadian power have in creased 16 times since 1970 (2.4 million megawatt hours in 1970, projected to be 44.7 million megawatt hours in 1990).

Region Against Region

The Northeast blames the Midwest for its so-called "acid rain" prob lems. The problems are said to have increased since 1970; however, Illinois 92 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

S02 emissions have decreased by 41 percent since 1970 even with an increase in the use of coal in generating electricity.

Stationary Sources versusMobile Sources Stationary sources (electric utilities and industrial processes and fuel combustion account for 93 percent of this country's man-made sulfur diox ide emissions. The transportation industry accounts for 3 percent. Transportation accounts for approximately 44 percent of the NOx emis sions (electric utilities 34 percent). Most legislators seem to feel it would be easier to reduce SO; emissions, i.e. large sources versus automobiles.

Coal Industry As you are aware, switching to low-sulfur coal is less capital intensive than installing scrubbers on a unit burning high-sulfur coal. The various coal producers, like everyone else, are trying to protect their interests and, in doing so, are trying to influence proposed acid rain legislation. High- sulfur coal producers generally support the electric utility perspective, that the state of the science does not support the imposition of controls.

Utility Industry

Certain northeastern and western utilities feel they should not have to make any further emission reductions or pay for those of others since they are currently combusting low-sulfur coal, oil, or gas.

Major Political Parties The Democrats believe that scientific evidence already shows that sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions are adversely effecting the en vironment; consequently, legislation should be promulgated which calls for emission reductions. The Republicans generally support the President's position that acid rain research should continue, specifically the National Acid Precipitation, Assessment Program established under the Acid Precipitation Act of 1980 should be completed. In addition, research into clean-coal technologies should be expanded.

PROPOSED LEGISLATION AND POTENTIAL ECONOMIC IMPACTS

In the 99th Congress, 24 acid rain bills were proposed—16 in the House and eight in the Senate. Although one of these bills (H. R. 4567) had bi partisan support, it never got out of the House Committee on Energy and POLITICAL DIALOGUES 93 the Environment. I would like to begin by pointing out that an acid rain control bill will pass the 100th Congress this year. Thus far, ten acid rain control bills have been introduced, six in the House of Representatives and four in the Senate. These bills call for sulfur dioxide (SO:) emission reduc tions of between 10 million and 13.3 million tons. The reductions could be required in cither a 31-state, a 48-state region, or nationwide depending upon the bill. Illinois utilities would have to reduce their SO. emissions under all these bills. Thus far it has been estimated that a bill requiring a 10 million-ton reduction in S02 emissions could result in average rate increases in Illinois of 3.4 percent (2.8 percent residential; 4.6 percent industrial) and a 13.3 million-ton reduction could result in average rate increases of 9.1 to 13.7 percent (7.2 to 10.9 percent residential; 11.9 to 17.9 percent industrial). One bill which has received considerable attention in recent weeks is the Sulfur and Nitrogen Emissions Tax Act of 1987 (H. R. 2497). The major provisions of this bill are: • Introduced by Congressmen Gregg (N. H.), Downey (N. Y.), Frenzel (MN), and Jeffords (VT). • Imposes a tax on sulfur dioxide (SO.) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emis sions from certain boilers or furnaces used in the process of burning a fossil fuel for the purposes of producing steam. • Fossil fuel means natural gas, petroleum, coal (including lignite), as well as any fuel derived from the foregoing. • Boilers between approximately 10 and 25 M\V (100 to 250 million BTU per hour) with SO: emission rates below 1.2 lb/mBTU arc exempted from the tax. • The SO; emissions tax will be imposed as follows: lbs/mBTU rate/cents per lb.

>0.6 <1.2 15 >1.2 <2.0 30 >2.0 45 • The NOx emission tax will be imposed as follows: lbs/mBTU rate/cents per lb.

>0.4 <0.7 10 >0.7 <1.4 25 a 1.4 45 • The tax rate will be phased: 25 percent in 1989, 50 percent in 1990, and 100 percent in 1991. The rate is to be adjusted for inflation beginning in 1991. • Emission rates are to be determined on an hourly basis by use of a qualified continuous emissions monitoring device (CEM). Fuel analysis can be used as an alternative to a CEM; however, if it is used, the tax rate will increase to 50 cents per pound for both SO; and NOx. 94 ILLINOIS MININC INSTITUTE

• Twenty-five percent of the annual depreciation (ten-year straight- line) for qualified pollution control equipment placed in service after January 1, 1988 is allowed as a credit against the tax. • Taxes collected are to be placed in (he Sulfur and Nitrogen Emissions (SANE) Trust Fund. This fund isto be used Tor interest-free loans for pollu tion abatement equipment and reduced interest loans for new plant con struction.

Economic Impact on Illinois Power To reduce its SO: tax liabilities under H. R. 2497/2498, IP would have- to install scrubbers on three units and convert four units to low sulfur coal. In addition, eight units would be retrofitted with low NOx burners in order to reduce NOx tax liabilities. Continuous emission monitors would be in stalled on all units. (These control and monitoring technologies would cost $716.4 million. Since many utilities would be simultaneously competing for the equipment and services to control emissions, the costs of such equip ment and services would escalate rapidly. It is estimated that H. R. 2497/2498 would cost IP's customers $8.15 billion over the period of 1989 to 2026, $2.02 billion of this amount would be the emission taxes. This amount includes the revenue requirement associated with IP's investment in pollution control equipment and the in creased operation and maintenance costs as well as the emissions taxes. This would result in a residential rate increase of approximately 20 percent. Assuming IP did nothing to reduce its SO- or NOx emissions but change the dispatch order of its units, it is estimated that this bill would cost IP's customers $10.99 billion and $9.38 billion of this amount would be for emission taxes over the period of 1989 to 2026.

Summary The scientific evidence quoted in this testimony demonstrates there is no factual basis to support the emission reductions which would be required to either avoid or reduce the tax liabilities associated with H. R. 2497/2498. These studies show that the farther a source is from a receptor, the less the source will contribute to the acidity of the rain at the receptor. In addition, the technology needed to reduce NOx emissions from cyclone boilers to avoid the tax is capital-intensive, and has not been demonstrated on a com mercial scale for large, high-sulfur, coal-fired units. H. R. 2497/2498 would require IP to implement S02 and NOx control strategics in an environment of rapid increase in equipment cost without be ing able to consider economical, long-term system-wide solutions, such as clean coal technologies, to reduce the excessive tax liability. As the bill is structured, the ability of IP or any other utility to obtain sufficient money from the trust fund to finance its pollution control equipment construction, is questionable. POLITICAL DIALOGUES 95

A Sensible Strategy In the long run, the existing Clean Air Act will achieve the same level of annual emissions as acid rain legislation. Promulgation of acid rain legisla tion would just produce the emission reductions sooner, at a greater cost. These reductions, however, would be achieved by deviating from the sensi ble Clean Air Act policy of having new, cleaner sources replace existing sources and eliminating a utility's ability to consider long-term, system-wide solutions such as clean-coal technologies.

CONCLUSION Available scientific data regarding acid rain fail to support the call for further controls on Midwest SO. emissions. Current research results in dicate that the stresses previously attributed to the acidity of rain and conse quently Midwest SO. and NOx emissions are really the result of many mechanisms and factors. These mechanisms and factors include natural en vironmental factors such as pests, drought, ozone, carbon dioxide, and metal concentrations, as well as changes in land use practices and fish stock ing policies. In any case, studies arc showing that SO: sources in Illinois do not contribute significantly to the acidity of rain in the upper Midwest, the northeastern U. S. or eastern Canada. Consequently, wc believe any acid rain legislation should properly ad dress the need for more research on the effects of acid rain, direct mitiga tion such as liming, and the development of clean-coal technologies. We believe that legislation calling for more S02 and NOx controls in the Midwest would be an extreme misapplication of financial resources.

David Stritzel: Thank you, Patricia. Our next paper is entitled "The Use of Illinois Coal in Circulating Fluidized Bed Boilers." The presenter is Mark Walker, Regional Manager of Pyropower Corporation in San Diego, California. USE OF ILLINOIS COAL IN CIRCULATING FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS (e.g. at the B. F. Goodrich Plant in Henry, Illinois)

MARK WALKER Regional Manager Pyropower Corporation San Diego, California

INTRODUCTION Pyropower is a U. S. Corporation owned by A. Ahlstrom Corporation, a major industrial manufacturer headquartered in Helsinki, Finland. The Ahlstrom Corporation, established in 1851, is a large privately-owned in tegrated industrial company which has been involved in fluidized bed com bustion (FBC) since the 1960's when it began building FBC boilers for a variety of process applications. Pyropower Corporation was formed in 1980 to market the PYROFLOW® system of fluidized bed combustion boilers in the U. S., a technology originating with Ahlstrom in Finland. Along with the PYROFLOW® system, Pyropower also provides the U. S. market with the full range of boiler-related services, including Engineering, Project Management, Procurement, Construction, Training, Quality Assurance and Field Service. In addition, Pyropower offers the capability to own and operate selected projects. There are 50 PYROFLOW® units in operation or under construction in the U. S. and abroad. The system's greatest advantages are efficient com bination of losv grade fuels, environmental acceptability, and fuel flexibili ty. Low grade coals, process-off gases, petroleum coke, refuse and agricultural waste are just a few examples of fuels that have been tested with excellent results.

DEMONSTRATION PROJECT IN ILLINOIS

Illinois has an abundance of under-utilized coal reserves. In 1983, the Illinois Coal Bond Fund partially financed a demonstration project at the B. F. Goodrich Chemicals Plant in Henry, Illinois. The purpose of the com mitment was to demonstrate that Illinois coal could be burned in an en vironmentally acceptable manner. The PYROFLOW® fluidized bed combustion system furnished by Pyropower Corporation was selected and went into commercial operation in September 1985. Results from this plant have clearly demonstrated the ability of the PYROFLOW® CFB to consistently and reliably meet strict environmental standards.

96 Steam Outlet PYRDFLDW" System Flow Steam Chart Drum

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Primary ToAshStorage Air Fan 98 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

Circulating fluidized bed boilers are ideally suited for applications in volving sulfur-bearing and other solid fuels, especially in environmentally stringent areas. Control of sulfurous emissions is accomplished by the addi tion of limestone which calcines to form CaO. The burnt lime subsequently reacts with free sulfur dioxide in the presence of excess oxygen to form calcium sulfate. Formation of nitrogen oxide is inhibited by inherently low circulating bed combustion temperature coupled with staged combustion. Lowcombustion temperature limits the formation of NOx from nitrogen in combustion air. Staged combustion creates a reducing atmosphere in the lower combustor, which inhibits the formation of NOx from fuel-bound nitrogen. Hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions are minimized by even temperature distribution, good mixing, and long-residence time within the combustion chamber. Particulate emissions are normally controlled through the use of a baghousc dust collector. The B. F. Goodrich plant utilizes one 125,000 pounds per hour, 500 psi/470°F PYROFLOW® . The PYROFLOW® fluidized bed combustion system operates on the circulating bed concept as distance form bubbling beds which have a fixed bed depth. The bubbling beds must be operated with air velocities that can only vary between the minimum and maximum fluidization velocities. At velocities beyond the maximum, the bed material becomes entrained with resultant carry-over of unburned particles from the combustion chamber. At velocities lower than the minimum, the bed or portions of the bed may slump. The circulating bed system can utilize higher air velocities than the maximum fluidization velocity associated with bubbling beds. The entrained particles arc separated from the hot gases in a cyclone collector and rein jected into the bottom of the combustion chamber. Turndown ratios of three to one can be achieved merely by changing air and fuel flow rates, and 50 percent load changes within three minutes have been demonstrated. The components unique to the circulating bed system are the combus tion chamber, hot cyclone, and the fuel and limestone feed systems. All other systems and components arc of conventional solid-fuel fired boiler design and construction. Crushed solid fuel is fed in to the lower combustion chamber, preferably through the loop seal return line from the hot cyclone. This is done so that fresh fuel is blended with recirculated bed material prior to en try into the combustion chamber, and to provide some preheat for drying of wet fuels. Primary air is introduced below the mixture of fuel and bed material through a lower grid plate. Because of the intense turbulence in the circulating bed, fuel mixes quickly and uniformly with the bed material, thereby eliminating the multiplicity of fuel feed points associated with bub bling bed systems. Secondary air is introduced above the fluidizing grid at a selected level of the combustion chamber to ensure complete combustion of fuel and provide staged combustion for minimizing NOx production. FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS 99

The bed material and fuel are carried through the combustion chamber by high air velocities and into a hot cyclone collector, which separates the hot gases from the heavier bed and ash materials. The latter are reinjected into the combustion chamber through a gravity loop seal. Hot flue gases and fly ash leave the cyclone collector and enter a conventional boiler con vection section. The inventory of bed material in the combustion chamber and hot cyclone is maintained by controlling the rate of withdrawal of bot tom ash from the combustor. Bottom ash is removed above the fluidized grid plate and enters an air blown ash cooler. The cooled bottom ash is removed by a conventional ash conveying system. Fuel flexibility is achieved in the PYROFLOW® system by: 1. Providing sufficient residence time and turbulence for efficient combustion of hard to burn fuels. 2. Elimination of slagging and fouling in the boiler by controlling combustion chamber temperature at 1550°F, which is well below the ash-softening point of almost any fuel. The control of combustion chamber temperature between 1550°F-1650°F is essential for efficient utilization of limestone for sulfur removal and for providing fuel flexibility without ash sintering problems. Control of combustion temperature is achieved by balancing the rate of heat generating surfaces in the combustion chamber. The water-cooled membrane walls which make up the steam generating surfaces of the com bustion chamber, are almost identical to the water walls built for modern industrial and utility boilers of conventional design. The PYROFLOW® system maintains combustor temperature at approximately 1660°F throughout the boiler load range by a combination of combustion chamber water wall design and proportioning of primary and secondary air flows. Excess air is maintained at a constant value during this proportioning ac tion.

CONCLUSION The flue flexibility feature of the circulating fluidized bed (CFB) pro cess, coupled with the ability to meet environmental standards have clearly made previously unusable fuels an important option for industrial utility decisionmakers. Fuel switching has prompted many utlities to authorize studies for repowcring old stations with CFB's. As you may be aware, Pyropower has the first CFB utility boiler in start up at Colorado Utc. This unit is a 110 megawatt (MW) coal-fired CFB. Colorado Ute was able to justify this repowcr project in part on the economics of fuel switching. We expect the industrial and utility market to continue to expand for CFB's. Several in dustrial clients in Illinois have already made this commitment. We are cur rently supporting a number of studies for utilities who arc looking into repowcring stations where fuel switching is one of the driving factors. 100 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

The PYROFLOW® CFB process is a mature technology ready to be utilized for fuels before thought to be too expensive for use due to en vironmental concerns. If you have not visited the B. F. Goodrich facility I would urge you to do so. You will see Illinois coal burned efficiently and safely.

Installation List Since 1985 Ahlstrom PYROFLOW® Units under Construction

Customer Fuels Steam Conditions Application

1989 Kainuun Voitna Oy 100% peat, coal 1973 psig; 995 "P Electric Power Kajaani, Pinland woodwaste, sludge 794,000 lb/hr mixture University of North 100% coal 1300 psig; 900°F Cogeneration Carolina 100% natural gas 2 x 250,000 lb/hr Chapel Hill. NC. USA 80% oil limestone Kerr MeGee 100% coal 1525 psig; 1005°F Cogeneration Argus Cogeneration Co. limestone 910,000 lb/hr Trona, CA. USA western bituminous coal Mt. I'oso Cogeneration Low sulfur Utah coal 1550 psig; 955 °F Cogeneration Iiakersfielcl, CA, USA Limestone 500,000 lb/hr

1988 Aluminium Pechiney 100% coal 2045 psig; 833 °F Cogeneration Prance limestone 320,000 lb/hr Corn Products 100% coal 1550 psig; 955 T Cogeneration Stockton, CA, USA limestone 500,000 lb/hr Port Drum 100% coal 1525 psig; 950°P Cogeneration Port Drum. NY, USA 100% anthracite 3 x 175,000 lb/hr 70% oil limestone Gilberton Power 100% anthracite waste 1500 psig; 955 °F Cogeneration Company limestone 2 x 355,00 lb/hr West Mahoncv, PA, USA (Own/Operate) Kuk Dong Oil Co., Ltd 100% petroleum coke 1566 psig; 968 °F Cogeneration Scosan, Republic of 70% oil 264,000 lb/hr Korea limestone Kobe Steel, Ltd. 100% coal & 1550 psig; 914°F Cogeneration Chofu, Yamaguchi, limestone 110,000 lb/hr Japan Nippon Steel Corp. 100% coal & 1805 psig; 1069°F Electric Power Japan limestone FLUIDIZED BED BOILERS 101

Ahlstrom PYROFLOW( Units under Construction (Con't) Customer Fuels Steam Conditions Application

Omikenshi Co. Ltd. 100% coal & 867psig; 896 °F Cogeneration Kakogawa, Hyogo. Limestone 70,000 lb/hr Japan P.H. Glatfelter Co. 100% coal/wood 1500 psig; 950 °F Cogeneration Spring Grove, PA, 50% culm 400,000 lb/hr USA 50% oil limestone Solvay AG 100% coal 1015 psig; 896 °F Cogeneration Ebensee, Austria 50% woodwastc 110,000 lb/hr 70% oil, natural gas limestone Somedith COF 100% coal 696 psig; 860 °F Cogeneration Marseilles, France natural gas 144,000 lb/hr limestone Stadtwerke Pforzheim 100% coal 2074/428 psig; Electric Power Pforzheim, limestone 1004/995 °F Reheat W. Germany 198,000/184,000 lb/hr 1987 Chemiefascr 100% brown coal 1130 psig; 932 °F Cogeneration Lcnzing, AG 100% coal 265,000 lb/hr Lcnzing, Austria Colorado-Ute Electric 100% coal 1510 psig; 1005 °F Electric Power Association limestone 925,000 lb/hr Nucla Station, CO, USA Iowa State University 100% coal 410 psig; 750 °F Cogeneration Ames, Iowa limestone 2 x 170,000 lb/hr Kcmira Oy 100% coal 1218 psig; 977 °F Cogeneration Pori, Finland 90% peat 222,000 lb/hr limestone Leykam Murztaler AG 100% coal 1755 psig; 968°F Cogeneration Gratkorn, Austria 364,000 lb/hr Rheinische Braun- 100% brown coal 2582/551 psig; Electric Power hohlenwerke AG limestone 986/797 °F Reheat Wachtberg, 386,000/394,000 lb/hr W. Germany TWS 100% coal 1073 psig; 932°F Cogeneration Stuttgart, W. Germany 50% gas 331,000 lb/hr limestone

Ahlstrom Pyroflow® Units in Operation Customer Fuels Steam Conditions Application

1986 Espoon Sahko Oy 100% coal 145 psig; 355 °F District Espoo, Finland limestone hot water; Heating 273 MMBtu 102 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

Ahlstrom Pyroflow® Units in Operation (Con't)

Customer Fuels Steam Conditions Application

General Motors 100% coal 1460 psig; 955 °F Cogeneration Pontiac, Ml, USA plant wastes 300,000 lb/hr limestone Koehler Papierfabrik 100% coal 1667 psig; 955 °F Cogeneration Oberkirch. limestone 220,000 lb/hr W. Germany

1985 B.F. Goodrich 100% coal 500 psig; 470 CF Cogeneration Henry, IL, USA limestone 125,000 lb/hr California Portland 100% coal 650 psig; 825 °F Cogeneration Cement Co. limestone 190,000 lb/hr Colton, CA, USA Central Soya 100% coal 190 psig; 384 =F Process Steam Chattanooga! tn, usa limestone 88,000 lb/hr Mclsaliilon 90% woodwaste 1215 psig; 896 °F Cogeneration* Teollisuus Oy 90% peat 220,000 lb/hr Retrofit Aanekoski, Finland 100% coal 70% oil Municipal Electricity 100% coal 145 psig; 355 °F District Works limestone hot water; Heating Kcrava, Finland I02MM Btu/hr Oslersunds 100% peal 160 psig; 3555 °F District Frarrvarme Alt 100% wood chips hot water; Heating Osiersund, Sweden 100% coal 85MM Btu/hr Papyrus 100% bark 857 psig; 887 °F Cogeneration Dopparfors ah 100% peat 159,000 lb/hr Fors, Sweden 100% coal

David Stritzel: I would like to open the forum now for any questions people might have for the panel. Question from the audience: What is the lowest BTU material that you can use in combustion? You mentioned the possibility of using gob. Walker: Yes, we have a unit. Question: So it would be possible to use it? Walker: Certainly. We are supporting a study using bituminous gob. It is an excellent fuel. Question: What kind of moisture content would be required for that? Walker: We have demonstrated burning fuels with various moisture contents up to 50 percent and ash contents up to 67 percent. In the gob area, we were getting numbers more like 20 percent. Question: I am thinking more of tailings rather than gobs because the tailings are in a pond. LUNCHEON MEETING 103

Walker: Well, you arc going to have to remove the water. David Slriizel: Any other questions? I would like to thank the panel members for their presentations. We appreciate the nice attendance we have had this morning. That concludes the technical session. Thank you.

LUNCHEON MEETING TheAnnual Institute Luncheon Meeting convened at 12:30p.m. in the Ballroom of the Ramada Hotel. Approximately 200 members and guests- were in attendance. President Mack H. Shumate presided and gave the in vocation. President Shumate: We would like to recognize the guests at the head table. First, on the far left is David Stritzcl from Zeigler Coal Company, who was program chairman at this morning's technical session. Next to Dave Stritzcl is Jim Conway, an honorary member who traveled all the way from Florida to be with us. He is one of the early pioneers of roof bolting. Some people said that he invented it. We are going to give him credit for it for being with us for a long time. Glad to have you with us, Jim. On my right is our Director of the Department of Mines and Minerals for the State of Illinois, Richard Shockley. Next to him is Mike Reilly, President of Zeigler Coal Company, who will introduce the guest speaker for today. On my immediate right is John Bennett of Peabody Coal Com pany. And back to the left is George L. May, Second Vice President of the Illinois Mining Institute from Monterey Coal Company. And on my im mediate left is President-Elect, M. E. Hopkins of Peabody Development Company. Before we introduce our guest speaker today, I would like to recognize Phyllis Godwin, her registration helpers, and staff members from the Geological Survey: These people keep the boat running. I would like to recognize the students and the recipients of scholar ships. Would the students and their professors stand as I call you, please. Dr. Charles Haas from the University of Rolla, Mining Technology Depart ment and his students. From Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, Dr. Paul Chugh and his group. Mr. Krogman of the University of Wiscon sin—Plattcvillc, had to leave. Southern Indiana University, Dr. George Eadie, camestudentless. Wabash Valley College, Mr. John Howard and his students. Welcome to all of you. Except for the Fellowship Hour, these students arc what the Illinois Mining Institute is all about. We would like to bring out the waiters and servers of the Ramada Hotel and show them our appreciation. On behalf of the Illinois Mining In stitute, we would all like to thank you for the service that you have rendered during our stay here in Mt. Vernon. Thank you all very much. Last year and the year before, we omitted some names for deceased members. 1 would like to ask you to stand for a moment of silence for the 104 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

Faculty and students from University of Missouri Holla attend All Institute Luncheon. Front row (kneeling), from left: Norman Smith (faculty), Michael Slurdevanl, Lyle Evans, and William Sinnott II. Second Row: Paul Worse), Yungchin Ding, Jason Ovanic, Marcic Good man, Andrew Bryan, Andrew Manning, and Troy Harris (faculty). Back Row: Davic Ziegler, Gregory Sutton, Chris Hardy, and Charles Haas (faculty).

1 •

All Institute Luncheon. Students and faculty from Southern Illinois University. From left: KumarChandrashekhar, Luis Ahad, Amil Alri, Beverly Zahel, LeonardLicw, Rebecca Black, Giorgio DeTomi, and Richard Sweigard (faculty). LUNCHEON MEETING 105

All Inslilulc Luncheon. Students and faciilly from Illinois Eastern Coinmunily Colleges. From left: Brian Herman, Michael Bice, and John Howard (faculty). members who have passed on. John H. Bell, Long Airdox; James Bilder- bach, Centrifugal Mechanical Industries; Stuart Colnon, ZeiglerCoal Com pany; Barton R. Gcbhart, Freeman United Coal Company; J. Roy Brown ing, attorney and past president of Freeman Coal Company and allied with the coal industry all his life; Ralph J. Green, Consolidated Coal Company; E. S. Moran, Jr., Lively Manufacturing Company of West Virginia; William A. Schettler, a former mayor of Sesser, Illinois; Tony Shimkus, Peabody Coal Company; and Carl Haydcn, Sahara Coal Company. Thank you all very much. Jack Bennett of Peabody Coal Company has a chore to perform con cerning the honorary membership for this year. Jack. John Bennett: Each year the Institute awards an honorary membership to a deserving individual. The individual that we are going to name today has had forty years experience in the mines. He has held positions as field engineer, assistant chief engineer, chief engineer, director of operations, director of engineering and construction, assistant vice president of opera tions, underground coordinator, and director of operational services. He had engineering or operational responsibility for some 50 Peabody Coal Company mines. This includes surveys, mine projections, new mining layouts and design of outside facilities for mines in Illinois, Kentucky, Ohio, Indiana, and Utah. He was a key member for evaluating terms for ac quisition of Peabody's West Virginia coal properties. 106 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

He has participated in developing major improvements in underground mining including two which were granted patents: the underground belt rope line and continuous mine flooded bed scrubber. He was also involved in the installation of Peabody's first continuous hauling system and in ex perimentation on lateral technique stresses on mine roofs. He is a member of the Societyof Mining Engineers and served as Presi dent of the Illinois Mining Institute in 1978. He served on the board of the Indiana Mining Institute. He studied engineering at St. John's College in Milwaukee and at the University of Missouri at Rolla. This is quite an im pressive list, and I wanted to look around for anyone not quite as im pressive. I couldn't find anything. Congratulations, Bill. William Will: I really didn't realize I was that important. I should have asked for a raise a long time ago. Seriously, several weeks ago Jack Bennett called me and said they were considering making me an honorary member this year. I was quite honored. And there are others in this room today who will also be honored in the years ahead. I've been a member of the 1MI since 1950, some 37 years, as a young man from southern Illinois and working with a coal company here in Illinois, Peabody, along with other struggling properties here at that time. We came up to the IMI and I became ac quainted with many lasting friends. I have had the pleasure as Jack has said, of many positions in this great state, in the mining industry; and every posi tion that I've held has been very good to me.

All Institute Luncheon. William Will (right) receives Honorary Membership certificate from .lack Dennett. LUNCHEON MEETING 107

The mining industry to me is a fascinating, challenging and rewarding experience, when you get to the grass roots of it. 1 don't think there would be one of you here that hasn't labored with your hands and labored with your minds that would not agree with that because our problems change every day. And I know there is another facet that the Illinois coal industry is going through again this year—ever since the decade of the eighties—with various regulation problems. As I said, I have been fortunate to have had 40 years in the industry, and I've seen the coal industry go up and down in this state like a yo-yo. I also know that everytime that yo-yo goes down that the operators and Illinois coal miners come back on top. I know you have a tough task, and I know there are times that in your careers—whether long or short—that you have been discouraged. But Illinois, as we all know, has a very large abundance of coal. I know you gentlemen and those young peo ple here—whenever they get into the industry—will have a challenge to im prove on every facet on that phase of mining. There is not one of us here that is not proud of what we've done, regardless of what it is, because it is a tough job. But without laboring on a long speech, I want to thank Jack, and the Nominating Committee, and the Illinois Mining Institute for this award. I will cherish it. Thank you very much.

Mack Shumate: Thank you, Bill. We have a few more things before we finish today—our principal speaker, after that we will turn the gavel over to the new president, and then we can all go home. At this time I would like to introduce the President, Chief Operating Officer, and Chairman of the Board of Zeigler Coal Company, Mike Reilly, who will introduce our speaker for today. Michael Reilly: Thank you. I'm very pleased to be here today to in troduce our luncheon speaker. Richard Lawson was named president of the National Coal Association just about three months ago. He also serves on NCA's Board and Executive Committee. He came to the NCA after a very distinguished military career spanning four decades. He retired as a four- star general from the Air Force in December of 1986. He served from 1983 to 1986 as Deputy Commander in Chief of the U. S. and European Com mand in Stuttgard, Germany. There he commanded operations, formulated policy, and negotiated with host governments for all U. S. land, air, and sea forces in Europe, portions of the Middle-East, and most of Africa. The suc cessful military and political programs and the introduction of controversial intermediate range and cruise ballistic missiles was undertaken during his tenure. The command encompassed 77 countries. In 1981 to 1983, Richard Lawson was Chief of Staff, Supreme Head quarters of Allied Powers in Europe in Belgium. There, he guided an inter national staff of 1,400 persons from 60 nations in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO). 108 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

From 1980 to 1981, he was the U. S. representative for the military committee of NATO. And from 1978 to 1980, he served as director of plans and policy for the Organization of Joint Chiefs of Staff in Washington, D. C. He served as commander of the 8th Air Force, Shreveport, Louisiana in 1977-78. In 1975 to 1977, as Director of Plans, U. S. Air Force in Washington, D. C. From March 1973 to 1975, Richard Lawson worked in the White House as military assistant to the President. There he facilitated com munications between the Department of Defense and the President. He directed operations communications and logistics for all presidential activi ty. Over hiscareer, he haslogged over 7,000 hoursof flying time, including 73 combat missions during the Viet Nam War. He has received two military awards and decorations during a career that has spanned 40 years. From enlistment at age 16, Richard Lawson served as a private in the Army National Guard through duty as Sergeant Major in the 133rd infantry regiment, ending his distinguished career as Deputy Commander-in-Chief in Europe. He is a graduate of Parsons College, where he received his bachelor's of science degree in chemical engineering and George Washington Universi ty,where he received a Master's of Public Administration degree. He is also a graduate of the National War College. Richard Lawson and his wife Joan have four children and reside in Clifton, Virginia. You can sec from the above that he has a most distinguished military career. But in July, I think he took on an equally, if not more difficult, challenge—that of president of the National Coal Association, during a very difficult year for our industry. I know you are anxious to hear his com ments. And I would like all of you ladies and gentlemen to join me in welcoming Richard Lawson.

Richard L. Lawson, President National Coal Association, Luncheon Speaker. ENERGY INDEPENDENCE: A STRATEGY FOR COAL, SECURITY FOR AMERICA

RICHARD L. LAWSON President National Coal Association Washington, D. C.

Thank you, Mike. And, thank all of you for a warm welcome. It is one made warmer by not taking note of what almost every trade paper in the UnitedStates suggested when I waselected President of NCA. They allsaid, "And he doesn't know a damned thing about coal." I mention this only because I suspect—despite the fine introduction and the warm welcome—that some of you may still be wondering about things like: • Who the devil is he? • What the devil is he? • And what's that got to do with the price of coal and whether the government will put me out of business next week? Well, you have a right to wonder. I would wonder if I sat out there—facing the pressures and uncertainties you face—and any of you stood up here. I would wonder no matter how fine the introduction. The father of the modern Air Force, the late General Hap Arnold, faced a similar question after Pearl Harbor. The question was whether to under take a 120-fold expansion by trying to build with Army Officers who were experienced—but who did not want to understand air power—for a war that would turn on air power. The General's answer was this: "You take a smart civilian, you can make him a smart officer in six weeks or so. You take a dumb officer, you will never make him a smart officer." I intend to prove the General's proposition works both ways: a smart General can make a pretty good Association President. However, it may take a little longer than six weeks. Coal is a complex, modern industry. I have devoted my first three months on the job to getting familiar with it. I have visited large and small opera tions during that time, and I have benefitted by talking to some of you and some of your people. I appreciate that you must cope with problems of logistics and production that are not unlike the demands of military opera tions. I intend more visits and more questions. It's hard to make a Con gressman understand what has hit the fan until you sec the fan for yourself. Meantime I'm here to show and tell. I'm here for you to see what I am; to understand how I think; and to know why I think it. I'm also here to listen and to learn, and to get to know all of you. So I'm pleased to be your guest at the beginning of a new career for a gathering dedicated to advanc ing an industry that is no less important to America's security than national defense. I understand the importance of coal. It's one of the reasons I took

109 110 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE the job. Coal must be part of our national security equation. 1also under stand the importance of Illinois coal. Second in reserves, fifth-ranking in production, you must be key factors in anything that involves coal. It's one of the reasons I'm here. I'll come back to the security point in a moment. But first let me talk a little about what the coal industry is getting for its money. And how it applies to the job at hand. I'm as much Iowa farmer—small farmer at that—as four-star Air Force General. Cir cumstance drew me from the family farm, but I remain involved in partner ship with my brothers. In thisrole 1am familiar with how muchgovernment guidance—no matter how well-intended—can foul things up when the ob jectives conflict, or when there is no real objective. As a boy in Fairfield, I saw almost all the men of the county go to World War II with the Iowa Na tional Guard as part of the 34th Infantry Division. Twelve hundred went, although most could have been exempt from service as farmers. At home we watched daily for news of their triumphs and their defeats, and we prayed for their safety. Less than 400 came back. The rest gave their lives in battle, and many more had been wounded. This strong tradition of patriotic service had an effect on the younger men of Jefferson County. It meant that almost every young man enlisted in the Guard as soon as he became eligible. I enlisted in 1946 as a private at age Our unit was called up at the outset of the Korean War, and dispatched to Ft. Riley, Kansas, where I advanced through the ranks to regimental sergeant major. Coincidentally, I became light-heavyweight boxing champion of the division and then the Army. In those days the Army placed a premium on boxing because it was thought then to exemplify the offensive spirit. Some say I got a stripe for every fight I won. This is not true. It averaged out to a stripe every two fights. I'm very proud of the fact that I held every enlisted rank between private and sergeant major in the Army. However, being observant, I saw that the Air Force slept on clean sheets and ate warm meals with greater regularity than the infantry. When our National Guard outfit was released from active duty at Ft. Riley, I returned to Iowa, transferred to the Air Force, was commissioned and wenj to flight school. I was a young officer in the Strategic Air Command when General Cur tis LeMay was remaking it. He found SAC a sleepy arm of a brand-new but demobilized and newly independent Air Force. He changed it into an effec tive, no-notice-necessary force ready to respond to any crisis anywhere in the world. So an apprenticeship in Curtis LcMay's SAC was rigorous, to put it mildly. Just a few words about General LeMay will help explain what I mean. Hap Arnold and others fathered the Air Force and the concept of strategic warfare. But Curtis LeMay was a principal force—and I emphasize the word force—in perfecting its use and proving its value. Strategic operations are aimed at breaking an opponent's ability to fight by destroying sectors of the economy that provide and constitute that ability. In World War II, General LcMay's independent B-29 force won tac tical surprise and strategic success against Japan—before Hiroshima and ENERGY INDEPENDENCE 111

Nagasaki. The surprise was in the way he attacked. Until then, Americans had bombed from high altitude, according to their doctrine. But this general's instinct, and the very limited information available, told him the Japanese had not contemplated a departure from that doctrine; that is, he thought Japan might not have bothered to prepare defenses against low- level attack because of the doctrine. He also thought the cities would burn. So he took a chance. He ordered his B-29s in low and at night. They flew unarmed and carried incendiary bombs. If Japan had low defenses, his losses would be tremendous. Japan did not. Japan had ignored the idea of flexibility. Five major industrial centers were leveled in a 10-day offensive that ended only when the bomb supply ran out. U. S. losses were low. They remained low when a new bomb supply allowed resumption of the offen sive. What was the consequence of inflexibility? Economic centers in every city that made a contribution to Japan's war machine were leveled. The workers fled the cities. The machinery for production and the places of pro duction were gone. No workers. No machinery. No more new airplanes, tanks, trucks or assured fuel supply. And no time and no way to build another war economy. Almost overnight Japan was face-to-face with what historians call the abbreviation of time and the failure of hope. Strategy has two purposes: to impose this condition on an opponent, and to prevent its imposition on you and your allies. General LeMay had to lead in Europe and the Pacific using relatively untrained crews and unperfected aircraft. Success came at a high cost in lives and treasure. At war's end he said, never again. So when he took com mand of SAC, he recreated every condition of war but the shooting. His cardinal rule was to provide for those who have to do the fighting; to take care of the troops and be sure they have what they need to fight if they have to fight. He went on to command the Air Force. And, most importantly, he created the concept of deterrence. "Peace is our profession," he said. "We'll make the risks of war so terrible that no one will ever dare risk con flict with us." This is my point: you did more than fly in Curtis LeMay's Strategic Air Command. You learned. You were made to think about how things work and why. Not for one minute were you allowed to confuse tactics with strategy, even at the points where they blend together. You considered changing situations, the need for flexibility and responses. You had to think years ahead. Tactics has to do with winning single engagements. Strategy has to do with combining successful engagements and campaigns to achieve victory and national security. Advancing in SAC meant involvement in the plann ing of operations; it meant the study of strategic targets and why they were strategic; and it meant command. New assignments ran you through an escalating course of responsibility and understanding. I was entrusted with command of the 28th Bombardment Wing in 1970 and flew 73 combat mis sions in Victman. I was reassigned to Air Force Headquarters. 112 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

Advancing in the Air Force meant the same thing at more comprehen sive levels of responsibility with the new element of participation in national affairs and the Congressional process. I was appointed Military Assistant to President Nixon on the day the Watergate Committee was told that tapes existed. Later 1 was entrusted with the responsibility of winning Congres sional approval of and appropriations for the Air Force of the future. Incidentally, the Air Force has battles and campaigns even in peacetime. Political opposition can be no less determined than a real enemy. And it is the outcome of these battles that determines whether the Air Force will be able to do its job in an emergency. If consensus cannot be arranged and a majority found, then Congress does not provide the money to back the plans and the preparedness. And there is no preparedness. Subsequent assignments took me to Europe where the mission was to build consensus among our NATO allies for the steps necessary to achieve the objective of security. My last assignment was a Deputy Commander-in- Chief of the United States European Command. In summary, I've been shot at literally and figuratively, and I have gone through the maturation process involved in both. Both concentrate your judgment and your focus on objectives. What does Dick Lawson know about coal? A lot more than he did three months ago. But not nearly as much as he will understand a year from now, with your help. Perhaps more important is what I know about the way Washington works and politics in Washington; about the workings of government and people in it; about strategic objectives and the tactics to at tain them. Even more important is my reputation and my credibility within that decision-making society. On these counts will be determined the true value of my experience and credibility to the coal industry. There was an unstated corollary to the question of why the coal in dustry hired a General. It was, why does a former general want to go to work for the coal industry? The inference was that we are an odd match. In fact, when the NCA Search Committee first contacted me, my first question was, "why me? I know little about coal and nothing about the coal in dustry." They said they were looking for leadership, not mining expertise or experience. I told them I wanted to think for awhile and that we should talk again. As I considered the NCA proposition I recalled that President Nixon had initiated a program called Project Independence not long after I was assigned to the White House. The objective was to create an "Energy-Free America" by reducing and ultimately eliminating the dependence of the United States on imported oil. Coal was to be the keystone. The crisis of 1973 gave early impetus to the program, but public interest waned when petroleum became more plentiful. When public interest wanes, political in terest wanes. By the late 1970s almost no one was interested in hearing about energy problems. Consequently, we had a second crisis in 1979 and efforts by the government at new action. And again the focus was lost as the crisis faded. ENERGY INDEPENDENCE 113

As 1thought, 1also recalled that the last five times I had to order—or make plans to send—America's sons in harm's way, the energy security of the United States or its allies played a large role in the need to do so. The need was to guarantee the flow of oil. Energy is a strategic commodity. Without it, a modern economy is broken. With a short supply, it is crippled. Just the threat of loss or shortages causes wild priceescalationand massive disruptions. Reliance on imported oil—inflexibility inenergy—is a strategic vulnerability for the United States and our allies, one just as critical as the lack of military preparedness. It occurred to me that the realization of "energy independence" for America was a cause worth "marching for." If we have it, no one's sons will have to go in harm's way to secure it. I devoted 40-years to the creation of security, peace and freedom for the American people and—to the maximum degree possible—all the people of this planet. Our very obvious vulnerability in energy offered a chance to extend this service. With this in mind, I told the search committee that if they were interested, so was I. Washington is a curious kind of town and Washington politics are a curious business. Issues come around on cycle of three-to-fivc years, and the people who get things accomplished are those who are ready when the time is ripe. The situation today is curious indeed. As we meet here, many in Washington are quibbling about whether Congress should provide a recoinpcnsible S3.5 billion for deployment of clean-coal technology that will keep our strategically-vital economic securi ty from being broken by an oil crisis that becomes an energy emergency, again. In less than 15 years, we have had two economic crises due to an inflex ible dependence on imported oil—our dependence and the dependence of our allies. Today we are in a state of military tension in the Middle-East, and oil is one of the leading causes. Neither we, nor our allies, have that much flexibility. We were fooled not once, not twice, but three times. The true costs of oil dependence have never been more apparent than today. Because of inflexibility, the Strait of Hormuz must be kept open. Much oil flows through there to Japan and Europe. The region holds a high percen tage of the world's oil. The nations of the Gulf must remain in hands that will not turn off the oil. To meet those requirements, we have assembled a fleet in and around the Gulf the likes of which has not been sent in harm's way since Vietman. It's a big-time operation. It involves S8-billion aircraft carriers and $l-billion cruisers. At last count, it totaled 42 ships and thousands of men. Costs attributable to Gulf operations run about SI.5 million a day above normal daily operational expenditures. And that's just the tip of what will be involved if the current state of tension escalates into a crisis and crisis becomes emergency. This is the real price of inflexibility. One can forecast that there will be a crisis of one kind or another with regularity until the weakness is mended, the vulnerability is reduced and flexibility is gained. 114 ILLINOIS MINING INS T ITUTE

You all know that weakness invites exploitation in the marketplace. It also invites exploitation in foreign policy and in the field. Inflexibility con cedes control of events to those who are able or simply willing to exploit it. Unless and until we address the weakness, many decisions of foreign policy and much military planning—and the two are often inseparable—will be dictated by the need to keep the oil flowing, especially to our allies; notably to Japan. As long as our allies are at risk, we arc at risk. Yet the United States continues to treat basic energy as just another market item despite very strong evidence to the contrary. Energy drives national security. Although I'm still learning the details of the coal business, I know security, and I sense that the vulnerability is increasing. World oil use has been rising clueto generally lower prices. The Depart ment of Energy's recent Report to the President on Energy Security estimates that Persian Gulf producers will claim as much as 45 percent of the world's market by 1995. Their share now is less than 25 percent, and we are in a state of military tension. The same report notes that in the same time the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries—which is dominated by, but not limited to, the Gulf states—could control 60 percent of the world market. The report forecasts that by 1995, the United States will be spending S80 billion a year on oil imports, S10 billion more than when OPEC price-fixing power was at its peak. Since we now spend S28 billion, this study is forecasting a remarkable $52 billion a year increase in oil import expenditures. The only energy flexibility available in our national forecasts is in coal in partnership with domestic oil and gas. Today we discuss natural gas and oil reserves in terms of years and decades. We call less than a year's supply of oil a "strategic petroleum reserve" and hope it will see us through any emergency. But we could and do discuss coal reserves in terms of centuries. The United States has secure within her borders nearly a quarter of the world's proven recoverable reserves. Furthermore, the only dispute about America's coal reserve is how many centuries worth is recoverable, whether it is almost 250 billion tons or—due to legislative constraints—a little less. This is a truly strategic reserve. Beginning now, it is sufficient to guarantee energy independence for this century, the next century and, at least, the one to follow. In addi tion, it is secure. No one will ever need air cover to run a unit train out of Appalachia. Important rivers like the Ohio and the Mississippi will never be mined. Nor will a multi-billion dollar task force be needed to keep our ports open. I believe that coal provides complete energy flexibility, and the cost of not getting on with it is far, far beyond the $3.5 billion mean to accelerate the deployment, full development and spread of clean-coal technology. Imported oil is a hand around the throat of ourselves and our allies. It's time to quit pretending the hand isn't there in the hopes it will go away, and time to quit treating energy as simply a market item. The mission for the coal industry—my mission in Washington—is to move toward energy independence for America. We must move coal to the ENERGY INDEPENDENCE 115

"front and center" of our energy team, and move forward against the overstringent barriers that needlessly hold back coal production and use. When energy independence is the strategy, it becomes the balance to weigh all other matters affecting coal and energy. Laws and regulations can be ex amined more objectively. Does it contribute to energy security? Does it hamper energy independence? Can it be done better and cheaper another way? Is it really necessary? Until we establish a specific target— i.e., energy independence—our debates will not have much focus. Well, that is who Dick Lawson is. That is what he is. And that is how he thinks. What does this have to do with the price of coal? With whether some new law or government regulation will put you out of business next week? What does this have to do with the representation you get from the National Coal Association? Here are my priorities: First and foremost, to establish energy independence as a national policy with coal as a keystone in every use where it can serve, and in partner ship with domestic oil and gas. Second, to deliver to you producers the benefits of the merger of the Mining And Reclamation Council and the National Coal Association; to perfect the merged organization; and to ensure that all segments of our in dustry—small, medium and large—are equally represented. Third to keep up a counter-pressure for producers against unthinking regulation by maintaining and intensifying what has been successful, such as the flexible Regulatory Assistance Program. And fourth, but not least, to successfully deal with the current political difficulties of the industry in Washington. Here, too, the situation is curious, and promising. Even as America's policymakers are being re-introduced to the non-market dimensions of energy they also are coming to grips with failing industrial competitiveness and the limits of the resource base. Nowhere is the choice clearer than in the growing concern over competitiveness and the justification that has been put forward for proposed acid rain legislation, the chief pending political difficulty. The balance on acid rain changed last month with publication of the mid-term report of the ten-year National Acid Precipitation Assessment Program (NAPAP). A distillation of all study undertaken to unravel the phenomenon, it is a chain of findings that lead to some conclusions. The first conclusion is that allegations of widespread harm from in dustrial and electric power plant emissions of sulfur dioxide in the United States have been greatly overblown by proponents of more regulations; there is no crisis in the environment or anywhere else. NAPAP found that emissions are lower today than in the late 1920s; that emissions at current levels will cause no change in environmental conditions for decades; that current emissions do no harm to healthy forests and crops; and that current emissions have had no effect that anyone can demonstrate on human health. 116 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

By the way, in the three states that use a little over 60 percent of the coal mined in Illinois—that is, Illinois, Indiana and Missouri—combined emissions fell 12.8 percent under existing lawfrom 1980 through 1986. They fell despitea slightincreasein coalconsumption.Thesefigures come from a plant-by-plant study of 1980 through 1986 emissions done by the National Coal Association, which is supported by the NAPAP findings. Our study shows that nationwide utility emissions have declined by 5.4 percent despite a 21.6 percent increase in coal use. We project that emissions will continue to fall through 1990, the limit of our study. So the second conclusion is that the existing Clean Air Act is doing what it was intended to do and doing it well; no nation is doing more and legislative demands to invest up to $174 billion in additional conventional controls on both high- and low-sulfur coal will serve little purpose. NAPAP also found that in regard to future generation, the clean-coal technologies are meant to get higher-than-convcntional removal efficiencies at similar costs as well as similar-to-convcntional removal at lower costs; that some of these technologies remove conventionally hard-to-get nitrogen oxide as well as S02; and that some arc suitable for extending plant life while increasing capacity. And the most important conclusion is this: No legislation is necessary; any legislation that prevents investment from getting to the right place, at the right time, and in the right amounts will harm both a healthy en vironmental trend and the emerging political cause of competitiveness. In Washington, the report led to a palpable shift in the balance, but the battle is not over. Those who want more regulation arc trying to discredit the $300 million effort in public opinion. But defending the report is the job of the reputable scientists who put it together. Our job is to tie the trends together, to work to bring about a full dress review aimed at separating the real needs of the nation from the wants of a vocal few who have gone on the defensive. The time is getting ripe to assemble the pieces—the vulnerabilities, the resources and the oppor tunities—and to identify the nation's needs. Pressure is building to put away the issues of the last cyle, and the cycles of the last decade, and to get on with the next. Our job is to assist this process. So NCA is going on the offensive. The objective is to keep producers in the game until the rapidly advancing clean-coal technologies, the coming re- quirment for new electric generating capacity, and the need for reliable basic energy come together to take coal to a higher plateau. Only coal has the flexibility needed to fill the gap for the foreseeable future. Only coal moves in all directions. Coal is the only energy that can't be denied to us unless we short-sightcdly deny it to ourselves. We've begun the campaign to elevate energy independence. We plan to expand and intensify our activities with the Departments of Energy and In terior. We want to help them define energy independence more clearly: What it is, what it means, and how to get there. THE PRESIDENTS 117

We are engaging with the Departments of State and Commerce. We want to participate with them in aggressively spreading the word overseas about American coal, about the emerging technology, and about the policy flexibility the two offer. We are working with the Export-Import Bank. We want to develop a program of overseas sales of clean-coal technology, and of our coal. There will be more to come as opportunities occur; for the objective is to help America and her allies not to have to face the very harsh and the very real consequences of the abbreviation of time and the failure of hope for the attainment of energy independence. Your nation needs you to produce the coal, and your industry needs each of you in the struggle to bring about the things we all seek. Only coal can give an American president the flexibility to establish and execute a foreign policy that does not have to be twisted and bent to keep the oil flow ing—to us and to our allies; a foreign policy that does not require that we send our sons in harm's way to protect energy resources.

Mack H. Shumate: Thank you. We have a couple more things to do, but, General, you can tell them that you did perform very well. I would like to end the 95th year of the Illinois Mining Institute and turn the gavel over to our new president, Mr. Hopkins. M. E. Hopkins: Before we adjourn, I have a pleasant duty—first duty as the new president—to present a brand new souvenir gavel to Mack Shumate to put on his desk and keep order. He has done a real good job this year. Because of Mack's leadership, I've never seen one of our meetings go so smoothly. We'll see everybody next year, drive carefully, have a prosperous year and bring more students. The 95th meeting of the Illinois Mining Institute is adjourned.

OulRoinR President Mack Shumate receives souvenir Ravel from new President M. E. Hopkins. 95TH ANNUAL MEETING EXHIBITORS

ADVANCED DRAINAGE SYSTEMS, INC., Monticello, IL AMERICAN MINE RESEARCH, Blucficld, WV AMERICAN SCALE, INC., Decatur, IL ANIXTER CABLE SERVICE, West Frankfort, IL APACHE HOSE & BELTING, INC., St. Louis, MO B. G. PRODUCTS, INC., Mt. Vernon, IL BISTATE MACHINERY, St. Louis, MO BURRELL MINING PRODUCTS, Charleston, WV DU QUOIN IRON & SUPPLY CO., Du Quoin, IL FAIRMONT SUPPLY CO., Mt. Vernon, IL FLEETGUARD, INC., Evansville, IN GOODING RUBBER CO., Benton, IL HALBACH & BRAUN INDUSTRIES, Washington, PA HEMSCHEIDT AMERICA CORP., Pittsburgh, PA HOCKER POWER BRAKE CO., Evansville, IN HYDRAULICS, INC., Nashville, IL ILLINOIS BEARING COMPANY, Centralia, IL INDUSTRIAL BEARING & TRANSMISSION, Mt. Vernon, IL J&R SUPPLY, INC., Mt. Vernon, IL KIEFER ELECTRICAL SUPPLY CO., Benton, IL MARATHON INDUSTRIES, INC., Mt. Vernon, IL MC JUNKIN CORP., Calvert City, KY MINE & PROCESS SERVICE, INC., Kewanee, IL MINE SAFETY APPLIANCES, Carbondale, IL MT. VERNON ELECTRIC, INC., Mt. Vernon, IL PENN SALES CO., Mt. Vernon, IL PYOTT-BOONE ELECTRONICS, Tazewell, VA R&H SERVICE AND SUPPLY CO., Carterville, IL RICE SUPPLY COMPANY, Madisonvillc, KY ROLAND MACHINERY COMPANY, Springfield, IL SCHROEDER BROTHERS, INC., McKees Rocks, PA SIU-COAL RESEARCH CENTER, Carbondale, IL THE MINE SUPPLY CO., Mt. Vernon, IL TRANSMITTON, INC., Pittsburgh, PA TRUCK & MINE SUPPLY, Evansville, IN U. S. BUREAU OF MINES, Minneapolis, MN ULMER EQUIPMENT COMPANY, Fcnton, MO W. M. HALES CO., West Frankfort, IL WESTERN SUPPORT SYSTEMS, Salt Lake City, UT The Illinois Mining Institute appreciates the exhibitors' participation in the 95th Annual Meeting. The companies and organizations represented service the coal-mining industry and share our interest and concern for its future. EXHIBITORS 119

c =

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H CONSTITUTION AND BY-LAWS*

ARTICLE I.

Name and Purpose The Illinois Mining Institute has for its object the advancement of the mining industry by encouraging and promoting the study and investigation of mining problems, by encouraging education in practical and scientific mining, and by diffusing information in regard to mining that would be of benefit to its members.

ARTICLE II.

Membership Section 1. Any person directly engaged or interested in any branch of mining, mining supplies, mining appliances, or mining machinery may become an active member of the Institute. Any persons desiring to become a member of the Institute shall fill out a blank for that purpose giving name, residence, age and occupation. This application shall be accompanied by the current year's dues as established by the Executive Board. Each applica tion for membership shall be reviewed by the Executive Board, who may in vestigate as to the qualifications of the applicant, and shall be authorized to elect to membership and issue a certificate of membership to such applicant subject to ratification at the regular meeting of the Institute. Section 2. Honorary Member — Annually, one or more members recommended by a committee and approved by the Executive Board who has rendered outstanding service to the Illinois Mining Institute, and thereby to the coal industry of the state may be elected as an Honorary Member with dues being waived. Section 3. The annual dues for active members shall be determined by action of the Executive Board. Any person in arrears on October 1, of the current year, after having been sent two notifications of dues, shall be dropped from membership. Members in arrears for dues will not receive the printed proceedings of the Institute. Section 4. Any active member may become a life member by the pay ment of twelve times annual dues and shall be exempt from further payment of dues.

"Last changed during 91st annual meeting, October 1983.

120 CONSTITUTION

ARTICLE III.

Officers Section I. The officers shall consist of a President, First Vice- President, Second Vice-President, Secretary-Treasurer, twelve Executive Board members, and one ex-officio member, the current director of the State of Illinois Department of Mines and Minerals. The services of all of ficers shall be without compensation. Section 2. Nominations for officers and the Executive Board shall be made by a nominating committee of three (3) appointed by the President at least thirty days before the annual meeting, provided that anyone can be nominated on the floor of the meeting for any office for which an election is being held. Section 3. The President, First Vice-President, Second Vice-President, and Secretary-Treasurer shall be elected by ballot, annually, at the regular meeting and shall hold office for the ensuing year. Four Executive Board members shall be elected by ballot, annually, at the regular meeting and shall hold office for the ensuing three years. Section 4. In case of death, resignation, or expulsion of any officer, the Executive Board may fill the vacancy by appointment until the next regular meeting, when the vacancy shall be filled by regular election. In case of a vacancy in the office of President, the duties shall devolve upon the First Vice-President. Section 5. The Executive Board shall consist of the officers, the 12 elected Board members, and the ex-officio member.

ARTICLE IV.

Duties of Officers Section 1. The President shall perform the duties commonly performed by the presiding officer and chairman and shall, with the Executive Board, exercise a general supervision over the affairs of the Institute between ses sions. Section 2. The First Vice-President shall preside in the absence of the President and perform all the duties of the President. The Second Vice- President shall perform all duties of the First Vice-President in the absence of First Vice-President. Section 3. The Secretary-Treasurer shall keep a record of each meeting, shall read and file all resolutions and papers that come before the Institute, sign all orders for money, and shall purchase necessary supplies. The Secretary-Treasurer shall keep a true record of all money received and payments made on account of the Institute; shall pay out no money ex cept on personally signed order, and shall retain these orders as vouchers; shall give bond in such sum as the Institute may provide, the premium on said bond being paid by the Institute. 122 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

The Secretary-Treasurer shallact as editor-in-chief for the Institute and may furnish the newspaper and other periodicals such accounts of our transactions and discussions as are proper to be published. The Secretary- Treasurer's own judgment is to prevail in such matters unless objection is lodged at a regular meeting or by the Executive Board. The retiring President shall act ex-officio in any capacity for ensuing year. Section 4. The President shall appoint an auditing committee annually to audit the accounts of the Secretary-Treasurer, and said audit shall be sub mitted to the annual meeting of the Institute. Section 5. The Executive Board shall perform the duties specifically prescribed by this constitution; it shall supervise the expenditures and disbursements of all money of the Institute, and no expenditure other than current expenses shall be authorized without first havingthe approval of the Executive Board, and shall perform such other duties as may be re ferred to them by regular or special meeting of the Institute. Section 6. The Executive Board may delegate work responsibility to In stitute committees, appointed by the President, for conducting selected business of the Institute, but with all actions being subject to Executive Board approval.

ARTICLE V.

Meetings Section 1. The annual meeting shall be held in the fall of each year and on such days and in such places as may be determined by the Executive Board of the Institute. Notice of all meetings shall be given at least thirty days in advance of such meetings. Section 2. Meetings of the Executive Board shall be held on the call of the President, or at the request of three members ofthe Executive Board, the president shall call a meeting of the board.

ARTICLE VI.

Amendments Section 1. This Constitution may be altered or amended at any regular ly called meeting by a majority vote of the members present, provided notice in writing has been given at a previous annual meeting of said pro posed change of amendment. CONSTITUTION 123

ARTICLE VII.

Order of Business At all meetings, the following shall be the order of business: (1) Reading of minutes. (6) Unfinished business. (2) Report of Executive Board. (7) New business. (3) Report of officers. (8) Election of officers. (4) Report of committees. (9) Program. (5) Election of new members. (10) Adjournment.

ARTICLE VIII.

Dissolution In the event of complete dissolution of the Institute, the cash assets of the Institute will be distributed lo universities where the Institute has pro vided past scholarships, on an equal basis, for support of scholarships in Mining Engineering. Equipment will be donated to any not-for-profit organization that the Executive Board may determine to be worthy recip ients. 124 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE LIFE MEMBERS

BALL, CLAYTON G.. 1500 Hinman Ave.. Evanslon. IL 60201 BOWMAN. F. T., Pres., Bowdil Co., Box 470, Canton, OH 44701 CRAGGS. JOE, (Ret.), Peabody Coal Co., R.R. 3. Box 47A, Taylorville, IL 62568 FLETCHER. ROBERT,J. H. Fletcher &Co., Box 2143, Huntinglon. WV 25722 FLETCHER. WILLIAM, Dir„ J. H. Fletcher &Co.. 1630Sheridan Rd„ Apl. 10N, Wilmetle. IL 60091 GORDON.GLENN B., 2405-C Patriot Way, Greensboro, NC 27408 HALBERSLEBEN, PAUL. Consultant, SaharaCoal Co., Inc.. P.O. Box 330.Harrisburg. IL 62946 KALIA. HEMENDRA N..2153Shawnmont Courl. Dublin, OH43221-1852 KARNES. RALPH E„ Maintenance Foreman, Consolidation Coal Co., 1311 Elm St., Hillsboro, IL 62049 KOERBER JR.. FRED. Owner. Koerber Drilling Contractor, 424 N. Hickory St., Du Quoin, IL 62832 LEDVINA. CHRISTOPHER T. (CHRIS). Old BenCoal Co., 5415N. Sheridian Rd„Suite 5511. Chicago. IL60640 LINDSAY. GEORGE C, Gen. Mgr., Coal Mining &Processing, 300 W. Adams St., Chicago. IL 60606 MANCI. SAMUEL L. Sales Rep.. Long-Airdox Co.. 180Idle Hour Dr.. Lexington. KY 40502-1102 MARTIN, CHARLES EDWARD, Mgr., Human Resources. McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Co., Box 516. St. Louis. MO 63166 MORGAN, GEORGE H„Sales Mgr., While Hydraulics. P.O.Box 1127, Hopkinsville, KY 42240 MORONI. E. T. (GENE), (Retired). OldBen CoalCo.. P.O. Box477, Herrin, IL 62948 NUGENT, FRANK, Chairman. ChielExec.Officer. Freeman United Coal Mining Co., 222 N. La Salle St.. Chicago. IL 60616 POLING. GILBERT, PRES., Evansville Electric, Inc., 600 W.Eichel, Evansville. IN 47707 RYAN, JR.. J.T.. Chairman ol Board. Mine SafelyAppliances Co., P.O. Box426, Pittsburgh. PA 15230 SCHONTHAL. JOSEPH. Pres.. J. Schonthal &Associates, Inc., P.O. 807. Highland Park. IL 60035 SCHUBERT, R. R.. Vigor &Billings (incare ot), P.O. Box 1239,Ashland, KY 41101 SHIMKUS. ERVIN L. Safely Mgr.. Peabody CoalCo.. 30 BelRue, Belleville. IL 62221 SHIMKUS. TONY. Legal Dept., Peabody CoalCo., 111 White Dr..Marissa. IL 62257 WALKER, HAROLD L., 2110 Belmore Ct., Champaign, IL61820 WEARLY. WILLIAM L., Chairman of Board. Ingersoll-Rand Co., Woodclill Lake.NJ 07675 WEIR.CHARLES R.. 9534 NormandyAve., MotionGrove, IL 60053 WEIR. JOHN P.. Consultant. Consulting Mining Engr. 333 Willow Rd..Winnetka. IL 60093 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE ACTIVE MEMBERS ABERNATHY. WILLIAM J., Geologist. Poabody Development Co.,6646 SutherlandAve.. St. Louis, MO 63109 ACKERMAN. JOHN. Area Manager. Baker-Hughes Mining Co.. R.R.S2. BoxK-13. Mt. Carmel. IL 62863 ACTON. WILLIAM A..Sr. ProjeclEngineer. Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. P.O. Box100. West Frankfort. IL 62896 ADAMS. R. W.(DICK). V. Pres., SverdrupCorp.. 801 N. 11thSt.. St. Louis. MO63101 ADDISON. JEFF. Mgr-Engine 8 Environ. Affairs. Arch of Illinois. Inc.. R.R. #1, Percy. IL 62272 ALEXANDER, RON, District Mgr.. Illinois Bearing Co.. Rt. 51 S. 8 Walnut Rd.. Cenlralia. IL 62801 ALEXIS.JOE, Sales Rep. METEC. Inc.. P.O. Box 6409. Denver, CO 80206 ALIUCCI, FLOYD B.. Gen. Mgr.. Labadie Coal Co.. 111 Larkspur Dr.. Huntington, WV 25705 ALLAN, TOM. Safety Analysl-lnsp. at Large. ILDept. of Mines8 Minerals.400 E. WilsonAVe.. Gillespie. IL 62033 ALLEN. GEORGE P..Service. Bowdil Co.. 7617 Pillsburg Ave.. N.W., NodhCanlon.OH44720 ALLEN. JIM. Spec. Foreman. Capitol Machinery Co.. Inc..P.O Box 2008, Springfield. IL 62705 AMBLER, ROBERT R.. Warehouse Mgr. Peabody CoalCo.. Mine #10. #6 Holly Court. Taylorville. IL 62568 AMBRA. STEPHEN P.. V. P. Conslr.. Gunlher-Nash Mining Construction Co.. 2150 KienlenAve..Si Louis. MO 63121 AMOS. JOHNW. Vice Pres Sales. DeisterConcentration Co.. PO. Box1, ForiWayne.IN 46801 ANDERSON. A. DALE. Dir. Res Acquistion8 Dev. AD. Anderson 8 Assoc. Box 2488, Mt.Vernon. IL 62864 ANDERSON. JOHN A.. Stale Mine Inspector. IL Dept of Mines 8 Minerals.62 Woodland Sunset Lake. Girard. IL 62640 ANDERSON. TOM. Sales Manager. Johnson Screens. P.O. Box 64118. St. Paul. MN 55164 ANIXTER. ALAN B.. Chairman. Anixtor Bros.. 4711 Golf Rd.. Skokie. IL60076 ARMOUR. MICHAEL K.. Warehouse Supv. Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. R.R. 2. Box 119. Raymond. IL62560 ARN, DALE. Branch Mgr.. Roland MachineryCo., P.O. Box2879. Springfield.IL62708 ARNESON. N ARNE. Pres., Arnoson Timber Co.. 1600 S Warson Rd.. St. Louis. MO 63124 ARROWSMITH. DON. Sr. Planning Engr. AMAX Coal Co.. 710 Brewer PL, Greenwood, IN 46142 ASBRIDGE. LLOYD S., Foreman, Peabody Coal Co., Mine#10. 309 W.VineSt.. Taylorville. IL 62568 ASBURY. JERRY J8R ManufacturingCo.. Rt. 2, Box 173F, Bluofield. VA 24605 ASHBY. J. A.(JIM). Gen. Mgr.. Fairmont Supply Co., 1525 Herbert St., Ml. Vernon. IL62864 ASHBY W. CLARK. Prof., Dept. of Botany . Southern ILUniversity. Carbondale. IL62901 ASHE, ROBERT D., Sales Rep.. Marathon Industries. Inc., 1110 Casey Street. Mt. Vernon. IL 62864 ASHURST. ANDREW R, Underground Laborer. AMAX Coal Co -Harco Deep. 1205 E. Boyton St., Apt. #14. Marion. IL 62959 ATCHESON, WILLIAM H., Manager-Sales 8 Mkt., Du Quoin Iron8 Supply Co.. P.O. Box 181. Du Quoin. IL 62832 ATKINSON, RANDALL J.. Owner. Taylor-Atkinson Engineering, P.O. Box 964. Mt. Vernon, IL62864 ATTERBERRY,JIM, Gen. Mgr., Woodrulf Supply Co.. Inc.. Hwy. 14 E.. Benton. IL62812 AUE. FRANCIS. Mine Mgr., Inland Stool Coal Co., 204 Laurel Ave.. Du Quoin, IL62832 AUGENSTEIN. JR., V.E., Pros.. Jom Engineering Limited. P.O. Box 572. Marion. IL62959 BABCOCK, BUCK, Mine Mgr.,Aden Mine. Rogers Group, Inc., Box 2000. Camden. IL62319 BADIALI, FRED.Coordinator ol Safely Sales. FairmountSupply Co., 90 W.Chestnut. Washington, PA 15301 BAFFORD, DEAN, Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. P.O. Box 100. West Frankfort. IL62896 BAGBY JOHN. V.P.-Land, Poabody Development Co.. 200 N. Broadway, St. Louis. MO 62258 BAHORIC, JOHN N., Mgr. of Purchasing. Arch Mineral Corp.. 200 N. Broadway. St. Louis, MO 63102 BAILIE. PHILIP J.. Mgr Safety IL. Old Bon Coal Co.. 501 Cloarview PI. Benton, II62812 BAKER. JON W.. Field Service Engr.. Flanders Electric Motor Serv. of IL.201 Vaux St.. Zeigler. IL 62999 BAKOWSKI. EDWIN C. Section Mgr.. ILEPA. Mine Pollution Control Program. 2200 Churchill Rd.. Springfield, IL62706

125 126 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

".BALL. CLAYTON G„ 1500 Hmman Ave, Evanslon, IL60201 BALL. JAMES B„VP. Sales 8 Mklg., American Mine Research. Inc.. Rls. 61 8 606,Rocky Gap. VA 24366 BANNISTER. DAVID. Eleclncal Rep.. W. M.Hales. P.O. Box 368. West Frankfort. IL62865 BARBER. PAUL B.. Preparalion Plant Supt.. Arch olIllinois-Captain Mine. R.R. 1. Percy. IL 62272 BARBOUR. DEWAYNE D.. Branch Mgr.. National Mine Service Co.. Box 1766. ML Vernon. IL 62864 BARGANZ. RON, Div. Mgr.. IL EPA. Mine Pollution Control Program, 2200 Churchill Rd., Spring- Held. IL 62706 BARKLEY. DANIEL W„ Asst. Staff Geologist. IL StateGeological Survey, 615 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign. IL61820 BARNARD. JOHN H..V.P.. Marketing. Lafayette Coal Co..5600Executive Center Dr.. Charlotte, NC 28105 BARRANTI,JOSEPH. V.P.. Ocenco. Inc., P.O. Box 8, Blairsville. PA 15717 BASLER, MARK. Mine Engineer, Peabody Coalcompany. «50Jerome Lane, Fairview Heights, IL 62208 BAUER, FRED, Sr. Buyer. Zeigler CoalCo.. 331 Salem PL. Fairview Hts„ IL 62208 BAUER. ROBERTA. (BOB). Assoc.Geologist. IL State Geological Survey, 615 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign. IL61820 BAUGHAN JR.. R. ROGER, V.P., Sales 8 Mkting., Penn Sales Company. 204 CastletonAve.. ML Vernon. IL 62864 BAWEL. FRED. Freeman United Coal Mining Co..P.O.Box100.West Frankfort, IL 62896 BAXTER. PHIL. Sales Engr.. Mine SaletyAppliances. 5200 Tarrytown Rd., Newburgh. IN 47630 BAYLESS, GERALD A.. (Ret.). ConsolidationCoal Co.. R.R. 2. Box 225. Greenville. IL 62246 BEAL. LARRY, Sales, Century Oils. P.O. Box 516. West Frankfort. IL62896 BEATTY. R. O.. Sales Mgr.. Capitol Machinery Co., Inc.. P.O. Box2008. Springfield. IL 62705 BEAUMONT. JOHN G.. Pres.. G. L. Beaumont Lumber Co.. Box 3. Cowden, IL62422 BEAVER. GARY. Pres.. Lebco. Inc.. PO Box 656. Benton, IL62812 BEAVER. KALVEN. Sales. Lebco. Inc.. Rt. 5. Box 149, Marion. IL62959 BECK. ROBERT E.. Prof, ol Law, Southern ILUniversity Law School. Southern ILUniversity. Carbondale. IL 62901 BECKMAN, FRANCIS. Prep. Foreman, ConsolidationCoal Co.. 57 W. Myrtle, Canton. IL61520 BEERBOWER, DAVID A.. Supt.. Island Creek Coal Co.. R.R. »7. ML Vernon,IL62864 BELL. LANNY, (Ret.). Roberts 8 Schaefer Co., 5712 Brookbank, Downers Grove. IL60516 BENNETT.JOHN C. Pres.. Peabody Coal Co.. ILDiv.,301 Greenhaven Dr., Belleville. IL62221 BENNETT. PHILLIP E., Dist.Sales Mgr.. Ingorsoll-Rand Mining Machinery, P.O. Box 513. Marion.IL 62959 BENOWICZ, CASMER A.. Sr. Consultant, Christian, Rogo 8 Assoc. Chicago. 770 S. Palm Ave.. Sarasota, FL 33577 BENSON, JOHN H.. Pres.. John Benson Electric Co.. 1708 N. 8th St., St. Louis, MO 63102 BERRY, W. D.. Sales Rep., MOILTractor 8 Equpl. Co., Inc., 5920 N. Lindbergh Blvd.,Hazelwood. MO 63042 BERTA, JOSEPH Q„ (Ret), Consolidation Coal Co.. 2476 S. Estes CL, Lakewood, CO 80227 BETLER. KENNETH W.. Parts Manager, Jeffrey Div./Dresser Ind.. 904 N. Monroe. Litchfield. IL 62956 BEVERIDGE. J. SCOTT. Director. MaterialsMgmL. ArchMineralCorp.. 200 N. Broadway, St. Louis, MO 63102 BHAGWAT. SUBHASH B.. Mineral Economist. ILState Geological Survey. 615 E. Peabody Dr.. Champaign. IL61820 BISHOFF. STEVEN M.. Pro). Engr., Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. P.O. Box 100. West Frankfort. IL 62896 BLACK, LANCE, Plant Mgr. Cedar Creek Mine. Rogers Group. Inc.. Box 2000. Camden. IL62319 BLAIR. J. T. Warehouse Manager. Peabody Coal Co.. Eagle Mine #2, P.O. Box 527. Shawneetown. IL 62984 BLAIRJR.. SHERMAN, President. Accurate Screening Media. 801 -AN. State St.. Elgin. IL60120 BLAYLOCK. BOB. Deputy Inspector. Mine 21. Old Bon Coal Co., Box 1126. Sesser, IL62884 BLEVINS, RONALD R., V. Pres.. Gauley Sales Co., 468 Hunting Creek Rd„ Canonsburg. PA 15317 BLEVINS.TOM. Resident Engr.. Consolidated Coal Co., R.R. 2, Box 1280. Bluford. IL62814 MEMBERS 127

BLOODWORTH. RICHARD, Kerr-McGee Coal Corp., P.O. Box 727.Harrisburg, IL 62945 BLOSS, DONALD J. (DON), Sales Rep . Midco Sales 8 Service. 11475 Page Service Dr.. St. Louis. MO 63146 BOEHM. FRANK J . Pres.. F.J. B.. Inc.. 700 Spiritof St. Louis Blvd.. Chesterfield, MO 63017-1003 BOLEN. JIM. Mine Inspector, Mine21. Old Ben Coal Co., Rt. #1, Benton. II 62812 BONANSINGA, S.W. (SULLY). Accl.Mgr.. General Electric Co.. 1015LocustSt.. St. Louis. MO 63101 BOOHER. STEVEN E. Dist Sales Mgr.. UST, Inc.. 312Admiral. Godfrey. IL 62035 BORDER. WILL, Sales Engr.. Joy Technologies. Inc.. Box 1269.Mt. Vernon, IL 62864 BOTT. TIMOTHY A . President. NetfConcrete Products. 711 SectionSt., Danville. IL 61832 'BOTTOMLEY. J. A.. Consulting Engr,SaharaCoal Co.. Inc.. P.O. Box 330.Harrisburg. IL 62946 .BOWMAN. F. T. Pres.. BowdrlCo., Box 470. Canton. OH 44701 BOWMAN. JAMES C. (JIM). Pres.. J. Bowman8 Assoc. P.O. Box9186. St. Louis. MO63117 BOYD. JAMES W. Pres..John T. Boyd Co.. 400Oliver Bldg.. Mellon Sq.. Pittsburgh. PA 15222 BOYER II. CHARLES M.. General Manager. UE Group. 974 BrandonRd.. Bessemer, AL 35023 BOZELL. RONALD R. District Manager. Berry Bearing Co.. Rl. 1. Box 10. Route50 N..Bourbon- nais. IL 60914 BRADY. WILLIAM J„ Pres.. Brady'sMining 8 Supply Co.. 11793 Lackland Rd.. Creve Coeur. MO 63146 BRANDLEIN. THOMAS F. Mgr. Engred Products Group. Roberts 8 Schaeler Co.. 120 S. Riverside Plaza. Chicago. IL60606 BRANDLEIN, WALTER E„ Pur.Agenl. Robeds 8 Schaefer Co.. 120 S. Riverside Plz..Chicago. IL 60606 BRANDT. HARRY. Mgr. DC. Div.. Mohler Technology. Inc.,2355 Eby Rd..Boonville. IN 47601 BRANDT. JOHNA.. Pres.. Lafayette Coal Co.. 15 Spinning Wheel Rd.. Suite 426. Hinsdale. IL 60521 BRANNON. JAMES M..Mfg. Mgr.. Joy Mfg. Co.. P.O. Box 1269. Ml.Vernon. IL62864 BRANSON, RICHARD R„ Sales Manager. Reaco Battery Service Corp..Rt. 1, Box48, Johnston City. IL62951 BRASEL, RONALD G., Sales Mgr., Truck 8 Mine SupplyCo.. 11 S. Kentucky Ave., Evansville. IN 47711 BRAXMEIER SR., THOMAS A„ Socy./Treas., Gunlher-Nash Mining Construction Co.. 2150 Keinlen Ave., SI. Louis. MO 63121 BREDEL, DANIEL. Purchasing Dep!.. Monterey Coal Co., P.O. BOX 496, Carlinville. IL62626 BRENDEL, JAMES B., Eng.. Gunthor-Nash Mining Construction Co.. 2150 KienlenAve., Si. Louis. MO 63121 BRENTZ, H. W. (BILL). Consultant, 298 N. 1slAvo„ Farmington. IL61531 BRENTZ, STEVENM„ Technical Sales Rep.. Exxon Chemicals Americas. 1406 Oakhall Manor Ct.. St. Louis. MO 63021 BRIGHT. BOB, Seclion Mgr., Mine #21. Old Ben Coal Co.. PO Box 399, Sesser. IL62884 BRITTON, RANDY. Sales Rep.. Nalional MineService Co.. 734 N. Bruns Ln, Apt.L,Springfield. IL 62702 BRITTON, WILLARD. Blasting Mgr.. Oper., Rogers Group. Inc.. Box 2000. Camden, IL62319 BROCKHAUS. DOUGLAS A., Engr.Adv., Monlerey Coal Co.. P.O. BOX 496. Carlinville, IL62626 •BROECKER. CLETUS A , Consultant. 7253 Dean Rd., Indianapolis. IN 46240 BROWN. ALEX(SANDY). Product Supporl Mgr.. Capilol Machinery Co.. Inc.. P.O. Box 2008, Springfield. IL 62705 BROWN. ARTHUR (BO), Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL62946 BROWN. GLENN. Regional Mgr.. Fleelguard, Inc.. 5206 Nottingham Dr.. Evansville, IN 47715 BROWN, GORDON. Pres.. Hillsboro Coal Co.. Box 280. 925 S. Main St., Hillsboro, IL 62049 BROWN. HAROLD C. (Ret.). 1301 Purdue Ave. University City. MO 63130 BROWN, KIVIL. Mine Engineer. Webster Co. Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 128. Clay, KY42404 BROWN, R. D. . Sales Suv.. Fairmont Supply Company. 1525 Herbed Street, Mt. Vernon. IL62864 BROWN. ROGER. Chief Eloctr.. Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. 809 N. Main. Benton. IL62812 BROWN. WALLACE. (Rot.). 1949 Ramada Blvd.. 81, Collinsville. IL62234 BROWNRIGG. DAVE.Presidont. Jotfrey Div'Dresser Ind . 274 E. First. Columbus. OH 43017 BRUNSON. LAWRENCE E.. Pres.. Lawrence E. Brunson Co.. 300 Brookes Dr.. Suite 200. Hazelwood. MO 63042 128 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

BRYAN, ROBERT O. Dist. Sales Mgr.. Wire Rope Corp. olAmerica. 1220Capitol Dr.. Addison. IL 60101 BUCHANAN JR.. GORDON. 1630 Sheridan Rd.. Apt. 4B. Wilmette. IL60091 BUCK. TED.Sales Mgr.. Roland MachineryCo.. P.O. Box2879. Springfield. IL62708 BURCH. KATHLEEN M.. Acct. Execulive. AZCON Corp.. P.O. Box 616. Alton. IL62002 BURGESS. BOB.Section Mgr.. Old Ben Coal Co.-Mine 21, P.O. Box C. Valier, II 62891 BURKE. JAMES E.. Pres.. Wescotl Steel. Inc.. 425 Andrews Rd„ Trevose. PA 19047 BURKE. KIM A.. Chief Eng..Underground Mines,Old Ben Coal Co.. RT. 4. Box 297. Wesl Frankfort, IL 62896 BURKETT. KEN. Sales. The Mine Supply Co.. PO Box 2220, Ml. Vernon. IL62864 BUSSLER.JAY M..Cent. Inv. Mgr., Freeman UnitedCoal Mng.Co.. R.R. 1. Box 127. West Frankfort. IL 62896 BUTLER. CHARLES. TrainingSpec. MontereyCoal Co.. P.O. Box496. Carlinville, IL62626 BUTLER, ED. Vice Pres., Lafayette Coal Co., 15 Spinning Wheel Rd„ Hinsdale, IL60521 BUTTRUM, MIKE, Sales. The MineSupply Co., P.O. Box 2220. ML Vernon, IL 62864 BYROM. ROY. VP. Coal IndustryConsultants, Inc.. P.O. Box 3090, Naperville, IL60566-3090 CABELL. JIMBO,Regional Mgr.. Burrell Mining Producls, Inc.. 35 Carriage Road. Charleston. WV 25314 CADY, PHIL. Sales, Ford Steel Co.. 2475 Rock Island Blvd.. St. Louis. MO 63043 CALDWELL, MIKE.Senior Engr., Paul Weir Co.. 820 Davis St., Evanslon, IL60201 CALLAHAN. GENE, Sales Rep., Michigan Industrial Hardwood. 1851 From. Box 612. Whiting, IN 46394 CAMPBELL, BILLG., Pres., Slonebridge Press Ltd.. P.O. Box 231, Henderson, KY42420 CAMPBELL,JOHN A. L.. Dir, Engr. &Tech. Sup., Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 25861. MT- 2202. Oklahoma City, OK 73125 CANSLER. MARK W.. Purchasing Mgr.. AMAX Coal Co., P.O. Box E. Harrisburg, IL62946 CARE, DAVID L„ Supv. of EE Dept.. Freeman United Coal MiningCo.. P.O. Box 100, West Frankfort. IL 62896 CARLSON, GREGG. Sales. PSI/Power Supply Industries. 1740 Fenpark Dr.. Fenton. MO63026 CARR, BILL, Sales. Kiefer Electrical Supply. R.R. 3. Benton. IL62812 CARR. ROBERT J.. Sales Engr., Industrial Process Equipment Co.. 2812 Locust St.. St. Louis. MO 63103 CARRELL. J. CRAIG, Prog. Coord.. Coal Tech. Lab. Southern ILUniversity. Coal Research Center. Carbondale.IL 62901 CARTER. LEE, Owner. Registered Professional Engine. 622 Belson Ct„ Kirkwood, MO63122 CARTER, STEVE. President. Arch of Illinois.P.O. Box 308. Percy, IL62272 CASPER, VICTOR E., Ind. Sales Repr.. Cummins MO. Inc.. 7210 Hall St.. St. Louis, MO 63147 CAUDLE. RODNEY, Assoc. Prof.. Southern ILUniversity. Carbondale. Mining Engineering Dept.. Carbondale. IL 62901 CAUTHEN, WILEYM.. V. P., Markeling. Florida GasTransm. Co., BO Box 5100. Mailland. FL 32751-5100 CAVENEY, THOMAS E., (Ret.). RR#5. Box 104. Pans. IL61944 CAVINDER.MARK.Gen. Supt.. Mine 26, Old Ben Coal Co.. 111 Phillip Road, Christopher, IL62822 CHADY. JAMES D.. V.P.. Old Ben Coal Co., 202 GrandviewDr., McMurray, PA15317 CHAMNESS, FRANKIE.Gen. Mgr. of Operations. Zeigler Coal Co.. P.O. Box 1. Sparta, IL62286 CHAMNESS, LYNDELL V..Maint Supv-UB. Mine 21. Old Ben Coal Co., 901 E. Webslor St., Benton. IL 62812 CHAMNESS, MARCEL, V. Pres., Operations, ZeiglerCoal Co., P.O. Box 547. Coulterville. IL62237 CHANDLER. G. RUFFIN. Off.Mgr., Kerco. Inc., P.O. Drawer665, Madisonvillo. KY42431 CHARD, STEVEN D. (STEVE). BureauChief, Dept. ofAgric, Div. of Nat.Rosourcos.State Fairgrnds P.O. Box 19281, Springfield. IL62794-9281 CHASE, DAVID H.. VicePres.. Chase Pump Equipment Co., Inc.. P.O. Box812, 603 S. MainSt., Henderson, KY 42420 CHIAVENTONE, JAMES F., MaterialControlSupt., Kerr-McGoe Coal Corp., P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL62946 CHOROSEVIC, JERRY.Terr.Sales Mgr.. R. J. Stern Co.. Inc., 500 Cumberland St.. Bristol. VA 24201 CHRISTIAN, CHARLES, Dir., Sales. Dick CoalCorporation. P.O. Box 10896, Pittsburgh. PA 15236 MEMBERS 129

CHRISTOPHERSEN, JOHN A., President. Deisler Concentrator Co.. P.O. Box 1. Fort Wayne. IN 46801 CHUGH,YOGINDER P.. Prol. 8 Chairman. Southern ILUniversity. Dept of Mining. Carbondale. IL 62901 CLARK. RICHARD R (DICK). V Pres . AMAX Coal Co.. Inc., P.O. Box 967. Indianapolis, IN46206 CLAYTON. DANNY. Engr.. Sahara Coal Co.. Inc . P.O. Box 330. Harnsburg. IL62946 CLEGG. KENNETH E.. Coal Geologist. P.O. Box 112. Urbana. IL61801 CLEMENS. RONALD. General Manager. Parts Service Warehouse. 14740 West 107th St.. Lenexa. KS 66215 CLIFFORD. JAMES. Vice President. Roberts &Schaeter Co.. 120 South Riverside Plaza. Chicago. IL 60606 CLINARD. MIKE. Dist. Sales Rep . Macwhyte Co.. 2906 14th Ave.. Kenosha. Wl 53141 CLINE. GLEN W . President. Midwest Mine Structures. Inc., 1409 N Grand Ave.. Johnson City. IL 62951 CLINTON. DANA. Warehouse Mgr.. Penn Sales Company. 204 Castleton Ave.. Mt Vernon. IL 62864 CLINTON. JEFF. Sales Rep.. Penn Sales Company. 204 Castleton Ave.. Mt. Vernon. IL62864 CLITES. PAUL L . Superintendent. Monterey Coal Co-No 2 Mine. P.O. Box 94. Albers. IL62215 COLEMAN. RANDALL S. Sales Mgr.. Johnslon 8 Chapman Co.. 2925 Carroll Ave.. Chicago. IL 60612 COLEMAN, ROBERT D . Sales Rep . Oborjuerge Rubber Co.. P.O. Box 519. Si. Louis. MO 63166 COLLIER. STEVE. Section Mgr. Mine 2. Old Ben Coal Co.. 601 Illinois.Christopher. IL62822 COLLINS. DAVID. Pads Sales Rep., Ingersoll-Rand MiningMach.. P.O. Box 513. Marion. IL62959 COLOMBO, RAY, Gen Mgr01 Engineering. ZeiglerCoal Co., 331 Salem Place. Suile 200. Fairview Heights. IL62208 COMPTON. STEVE, Sales Rep.. MO-ILL Tractor 8 Equipment Co.. 5920 N. Lindbergh Blvd.. Hazelwood, MO 63402 •CONERTY, BETTY, Admin. Asst. (Ret.), IMI. RR. 3, Box 128B. Urbana. IL61801 CONN, BOB. Kerr McGeo Coal Corp , P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL62946 CONNER. JERRY, Deputy Inspector. Mine 21. Old Ben Coal Co., Rt. #1. Whitlington. IL62897 CONNER. RICK. Resident MineSurveyor, Mine21. Old Ben Coal Co., P.O. Box 124. West Frankfort, IL62896 CONNOLLY. JAMES D„ Pros., Conn-Weld lnd„ Inc., PO Box 5329, Princeton. WV 24740 •CONWAY, C.C., 1111 S Lakemont Ave. »422. Winter Park. FL 32792-5497 COOK, BOB.Branch Mgr.. Bruenmg Bearings, Inc.. 2525 Rock Road, Granite City, IL62040 COOK,GORDON. Gen. Mgr.-Oporations.Old Ben Coal Co., 500 N. Du Ouoin St., Benton. IL62812 COOPERIDER. STAN, , Capitol Machinery Co.. Inc.. P.O. Box 2008. Springfield, IL62705 CORDLE, BILL.Mkf. 8 Sales Mgr., Pyott-Boone Electronics, PO Box809. Tazewell. VA24651 CORRELL, JOHN R.. Mgr. Loss Prov. 8 Works Corp., AMAX Coal Co.. P.O. Box 967. Indianapolis. IN 46206 COTTERILL. TONY.Kcrr-McGeo Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727, Harrisburg. IL62946 COURSON. RICHARD, Pres.. Courson Coring 8 Drilling.R.R. 1. Box 38A. St. Peter, IL62880 •.CRAGGS. JOE. (Ret). Poabody Coal Co., R.R. 3. Box 47A. Taylorville. IL 62568 CRELLING. JOHN C, Dept.ofGeology. Southern IL University, Dept. ofGeology, Carbondale. IL 62901 CROSS, MATTHEW J. Engr.. Montorey Coal Co.. PO. Box496. Carlinsville, IL62626 CUNETTO. JOSEPH R.. Sales. Holiday Inn. 4239 Lincolnshire Dr.,Apt. 10A.Mt. Vernon. IL62864 CURRY. LOREN. Mino Mgr. Mine 26. Old Ben CoalCo., 1203GrandAve.. Johnston City. IL 62951 DAHL. HAROLD. Toolmakor. Albright Mfg Co.. 7355 N. Monticello Ave.. Skokie. IL 60076 DAMBERGER, HEINZH , Head. Coal Section. IL State Geological Survey. 615 E. Peabody Dr.. Champaign. IL61820 DAME. WILLARD. State Mine Insp.. Dept of Mines 8 Minerals.Sesser. IL62884 DANKO. J. ROBERT. Gon. Supt.. Underground, Peabody CoalCo.. 50 Jerome Lane, Fairview Hts. IL 62208 DANNER. STEPHEN K.. Asst Geologist. IL State Geological Survey. 615 E. Peabody Dr.. Champaign. IL 61820 DARNEL, JANET. PartsManager. Parisand Services. Inc.. P.O. Box 475. Wayne City. IL 62855 DAVENPORT, GENE. . Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL62946 130 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

DAVENPORT, JACKW..Branch Manager. Kiofer EleclricSupply Co.. R.R. #3. Rend City Rd„ Bemon.IL 62812 DAVIS. GARY K.. Gen Mgr., Birmingham Boll Co.. PO Box 591. Madisonville. KY42431 DAVIS, GLENN W.. Sales, DuBois Chemical, R.R. 2, Box 1024, Granite Cily. IL62040 DAVIS, PHILIP. Sr. Prod. Engr.. Old Ben Coal Co.. 1009 N. Maple, Benlon, IL62812 •DAWE. RUSSELL T. (Rel), Inland Steel Coal Co.. Box R, Valier. IL62891 DAWSON. JACK. Section Manager. Mine 21. Old Ben Coal Co.. 200 W. Maryland St.. Zoigler, IL 62999 DAWSON. STEVE. Asst. Mine Manager. Montery Coal Co.. P.O. Box 229. Albers. IL62215 DEAN. GEORGE, Safety Mgr.. Peabody Coal Co.. 119 S. Bess. Marissa, IL62257 DEERING. RICHARD. Mt. Vernon Ind. Electric, 1313 Harlan Dr., Box 1027, Mt Vernon. IL 62864 DELANEY. TIM. V.P. Sales. Sahara Coal Co.. Inc., 3 1st National Plaza. Suite 3050, Chicago. IL 60602 DENTON. THOMAS G.. Planning & Budget Analyst, Old Ben Coal Company. 312 W. Church St.. Benton. IL 62812 DIDOW. DON. Branch Mgr., Apache Hose S Belting, 2435 Rock Island Blvd.. St. Louis, MO 63043 DOBBINS. BARBARA,Sales Mgr., Shook 8 Fletcher Supply Co., 202 E. Main St., Stanley Bldg., Suite 102, Marion. IL 62959 DONEY.ED, Chief Eng.. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL62946 DOOLEY. GENE. V.P. Dooley Bros.. 1201 S. W.Washington St., Peoria. IL61602 DOOLEY. RICHARD A., President. DooleyBros.. Inc., 1201 S. W.Washington St.. Peoria, IL61602 DORGAN, DOUGLAS, Dir.Coal Mrktng.. ILCentral Gulf Railraod, 233 N. Michigan AVo.. Chicago. IL 60601 DORLEY. HERBERT A.. Sales Repr., Hydraulics. Inc., 514 S. Grand St., Nashville, IL62263 DOTSON. JOHN D.. Elect. Engr. Freeman United Coal MiningCo.. 311 Melody Lane, Virden, IL 62690 DOUGLASS. PETER M.. V. Pres., Had-Crowser 8 Associates, Inc.. 1910 FairviewAve.. E.. Seallle, WA98102 DOVER. MIKE. Engr.. C. L. Maddox. Inc., PO Box552, Harrisburg, IL62946 DOYLE. GENE. Azcon Scrap Corp..180 N. LaSalle. Suite 3300.Chicago. IL 60601 DRESNER.DANIEL. Connector Territory Mgr, Parker-Hannifin Corporation. 11754 Parkshire Dr.. Crestwood. MO 63126 DRIER. JAMES A.. Reg. Mgr. Eastern Dist.Sales, Dresser Ind., IncWABCOHaulpak Div.. 2300 N.E. Adams St.. Peoria. IL 61639 DRURY. DAVID M..Safety Inspector. MontereyCoal Co.. R.R. 3, Box 251. Carlinville. IL62626 DRYDEN. JOSEPH L. Production Mgr., Bixby-Zimmer Engineering Co.. P.O. Box510. Galesburg. IL 614020510 DUBOIS.GEORGE F. Pres.. George Du Bois. Inc.,2405 Hollyhead Dr..St. Louis. MO63131-2138 DUANE. LEN. Nodhern Sales Coord.. V. R.-Wesson Div.. Fansteel, Inc.. 1312 E. Oak St.. West Frankfort. IL 62896 DUBLO. RALPH. Section Mgr., Old Ben Coal Co.-Mine21. Rt. 1. Box 201N, Sesser. IL62884 DUCKWORTH. ERNIE.Longwall Coord. Mine21. Old Ben Coal Co.. Rt. t>3. Sesser. IL62884 DUGAN. L. B. (Dixie). Dixie Dugan, Inc., 7766 Meadow Ln.. Newburgh. IN 47630 DUGGER. LARRY. V.P. Woodruff Supply Co.. Inc.. P.O. Box 426. Madisonville. KY 42431 DUMONTELLE. PAUL. EadhHazards Engrg.Geol Sec. IL. State Geological Survey. 615 E. Peabody Dr.. Champaign. IL61820 DUNCAN. RALPH W.. Sales Rep.. BrakeSupplyCo.. Inc.,P.O. Box447. Evansville. IN 47703 DUNCAN. S. W.. Pres., Duncan Foundry 8 Machine Works. Inc.. Box 433. Alton. IL62002 DUNCHEON. TONY. Admin. Coord.. Aden Mine. RogersGroup.Inc..Box2000. Camden. IL 62319 DUNN1GAN. BUD. Mine Supt. IL. Mine 21. OldBenCoalCo.. PO. Box25. Colp. IL 62921 DURHAM. BILL. Sales Rep.. Advanced Drainage Sys., Inc.. P.O. Box447. Monticello, IL 61856 DUTCHER. RUSSELL R..Dean. College ofScience. Southern IL University. College ofScience. Carbondale. IL 62901 DWOSH. DOUGLAS. Tech. Serv..NodhAmerican CoalCorp.. 13140CoilRd.. Dallas. TX 75240 EADIE. GEORGE R.. Prol.. Mng.. University ofSouthern Indiana. 8600W. University Blvd.. Evansville. IN 47712-3534 EARLEY. VIRGIL G..Sales. J. Schonthal 8 Assoc. 212 PoplarSt.. Sesser. IL 62884 EBERHART. RON. Sales Manager, Goodman Equipment Corp.. 4834 S. Halsted St.. Chicago. IL 60609 MEMBERS 131

EDWARDS. BRENT, Sales Rep.. Ashby ElectricCo . PO Box 55. Madison St.. Sebree, KY 42455 EGGERS. WILLIAM H. (BILL). Sales Manager, MidlandEagle Associates. 4 Charleroi PL, Lake St. Louis, MO 63367 EGLI. ERICH. Chief Engr.. Sahara Coal Co.. Inc.. P.O. Box 330, Harnsburg. IL62946 EHRET. PAULJ., Environ. Spec. ILDept ol Mines 8 Minerals. 227 S. 7th St.. Suite 201. Springfield, IL62701 EIDEL. J. JAMES. Head-Mineral Resources. ILState Geological Survey, 615 E. Peabody Dr.. Champaign. IL61820 EISON.WALTER E. (MONK). Pres.. Western KentuckyEnergy Eq„ Inc.. P.O. Box81. Madisonville. KY 42431 ELFRING. STEVE. Product Engr, Conoco. Inc., 11605 StudlAve.. Suite 118. St. Louis. MO 63141 ELLERBUSCH, RON. Sales. Klein Armature Works. Inc., Box 426. Centralia, IL 62801 ELLIOTT. DICK,Sales Rep.. R8H Service 8 Supply Co.. P.O. Box 250. Carterville, IL62918 ELLIOTT. ROBERTA.. Sales. Elliott Glove Co.. 504 Pecos St.. Oconte, WV 54053 ELLIS. GORDON B.. Branch Mgr, Bearing Headquarters Co. 328 S. 9th St.. Ml. Vernon. IL62864 ELLIS. JOHN C. Sales. H. A. Peller Supply Co . P.O. Box 2350. Paducah. KY42001 ELLIS. JOHN R, Sales Engr.. Lays Mlg.. Inc.. 1121 S. 10th St., Mt Vernon, IL62864 ERWIN, RON, Prep Dir.. Zeigler Coal Co.. P.O. Box 547. Coulterville, IL62237 EVANS. WILLIAM H. Sales Rep.. Gooding Rubber Co.. 411 E. Plamfield Rd.. La Grange (Countryside). IL 60525 EVANS. Jr.. DONALDG.. Field Serv. Techn.. Ingersoll-Rand Mining Mach.. PO Box 513. Rt. S13 W. Marion. IL 62959 EVERETT. CURT. Anixter Brothers. 9449 Aerospace Dr., St. Louis. MO 63134 EZELL. BONNIE JEAN. Payroll Clerk. Old Ben Coal-Mine 26. 500 N. DuQuoin St.. Benton. IL62884 FARLAINO, G. REGGIE, Factory Rep.. Kennedy Melal Products, Inc.. P.O. Box 38. Taylorville. IL 62568 FARMER, JERRY. Sales. Process Equip Corp.. Box 189, Rt 1. Galalia. IL62935 FARMER. WM. T. (BILL). Mfgrs. Rep.. Payhauler Corp.. 500 Industrial Dr.. Prairie View. IL60069 FARRIS. W DALE. Scienlitic Photographer. ILState Geological Survey, 615 E. Peabody Dr.. Champaign. IL61820 FAY. THOMAS E.. . Marcal Rope 8 Rigging. Inc., P.O. Box 477, Alton. IL62002 FEEZER. RANDY. Sales. The Mine Supply Co., P.O. Box 2220, Mt. Vernon, IL62864 FEIG, BILL.Sales/Field Serv. Superv. Long-Airdox Co.. PO Box 479, Benton, IL62812 FERRI, CARL, Acct. Cons.. Kieler Elotncal Supply. 316 S. Washington St.. Peoria, IL61602 FIDEL. MIKE. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727, Harnsburg. IL62946 FIELD. GEORGE W.. Coal Consultant. . 3746 E. 83rd St.. S, Tulsa. OK 74137 FIZER. RANDALL E„ Div.Main! Mgr.. Old Bon Coal Co., RT 3. Box 312A, Marion, IL62959 FLAHERTY. JAMES E„ Distncl Salos Mgr.. Northwest Engineering. P.O. Box 1009, Green Bay. Wl 54305 FLATT, GERALD. Manager, Coal Contractors, Inc.. PO Box 627, Sesser, IL62884 FLETCHER. ERNEST R„ , Scarab Energy Corp.. 130 S. Henderson, Virden. IL62690 ♦FLETCHER. ROBERT. J. H. Fletcher 8 Co.. Box 2143, Hunlinglon. WV 25722 ♦FLETCHER.WILLIAM. Dir.,J. H. Fletcher 8 Co.. 1630 Sheridan Rd„ Apt. 10N. Wilmette. IL60091 FORMAN. JOHN S.. (Rot.), Ml. Olive 8 Staunton Coal Co.. 1760 St. Denis St.. Florissant, MO 63033 FOSTER. CRAIG, Salos. Columbia Quarry Co., Jonesboro Plant W4. Jonesboro, IL62952 FOSTER. I.O.. Dist. Mgr., Commercial Testing8 Eng. Co.. 1919 S. Highland. Lombard, IL60148 FOX. BILL. Tech. Sales 8 Service Rop.. Birmingham BoltCo.. R.R. 1. Box373A. White Plains. KY 42464 FOX, CHRIS, Salesman. John Sakash Co., PO Box 198, 1350 Grand Ave.. Madison, IL62060 FOY. BENNY E.. Midwest Mgr., EIMCO CoalMachinery Div.5666 N.Cypress. Newburgh, IN 47630 FRANCIS. DON. Mining Market Coord..Macwhyte Co.. 2906 14thAve.. Kenosha, Wl53141 FRASER. JAMES D..V. Pres.. Sales-Mktg., T, J. Gundlach Machine Co.. P.O.Box 385, Belleville. IL 62222 FRAZIER, PHIL. Salos. Evansville ElectricalSupply Co.. Inc., 600 W. Eichel, P.O. Box 4717. Evansville. IN 47710 FREDERICKS. BUD. Kerr McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL62946 132 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

FREEMAN. J. RICHARD. President.Zeigler CoalSales Company, 331 Salem PL.Fairview Heights. IL 62208 FRIEL. RICHARD. VP ol Marketing. MAT Ind. Div. ot R. L. Brown, P.O. Box 250. West Frankfort. IL 62896 FRITZSCHE. KEN. Safety Inspector. Freeman United Coal Mining Co..#9 Isabelle. Auburn. IL 62615 GAFFNEY. GEORGE F, Dist. Sales Mgr., RomeCableCorp.. 185GlenCove. St. Louis. MO 63017 GAINES. GARY. Sales. Barrett Electrical Supply. 45 Wonhington Dr., Maryland Heights. MO 63043 GALLAHER. DAVID T„Reg. Sales Mgr.. TheOhioBrassCo.. Rt.9, Box112-C. Beaver.WV 25813 GALLI, BRYAN. Undgr. Project Engr.. Old Bon Coal Co., RR4. BOX 298. West Frankfort. IL 62896 GAMSTER, SCOTT K.. Pres.. Reaco Battery Service Corp.. R.R. 1, BOX 48, Johnston City. IL 62951 GANEY. DAN. StaffEngineer. Kerr-McGoo CoalCorp..P.O. Box727, Harrisburg. IL 62946 GANN. JIMMIE E., Sales. Mississippi Lime Co., 7 AlbySt., Alton. IL62002 GARRISON, GARY G., Div. Engr. Mgr.. PeabodyCoalCo.. P.O. Box 158. Pawnee, IL 62558 GARRISON, MERLE RAY. WarehouseMgr.. Gooding RubberCo., 1201 Blakely St.. Benton. IL 62812 GEFELL. EDWARD M„ Asst. Prof. Scientist. ILState Geological Survey. 615 E. Peabody, Champaign. IL61820 GENTER. D. L..Pres.. Duquesne Mine Supply. Dukane Mining ProductsGroup.2 Cross St.. Pittsburgh. PA 15209 GERTH.STEPHENA.. Pres.. Truck8 MineSupply Co.. P.O. Drawer4438. Evansville. IN47711 GESKE SR.. FRANK L.. Pres., Mine Service Co.. Inc.. R.R. 2. Box 416. Anna. IL62906-9635 GILBERT. JACK. SurveyForeman, Kerr-McGee CoalCorp..P.O. Box 727, Harrisburg. IL 62946 GILBREATH, BILL. Gen. Maint.Supt.. Mine26, Old Ben Coal Co.. 210 W. Espy. Sesser. IL 62884 GILES. WILLIAM E.. Chief Mech. Engr.. Freeman UnitedCoal Mining Co., Box 62. Girard, IL62640 GILL, JAMES B.. V. P.. Operalions. MAPCO Coal. Inc.. PO Box 911, Henderson. KY42440 GILLES. STEVE. Dist.Sales Mgr., C. E. Tyler, Inc., P.O. Box 248. Elberteld, IN 47613 GILMARTIN. D. LEO. (Ret.). Peabody Coal Co., R.R. 2, Box 102A.Marissa, IL62257 GILSTRAP, WILLIAM E„ Senior Process Eng,. McNally Pittsburg. Inc.. P.O. Drawer "D". Pittsburg. KS 66762 GINNARD, KEN. Geologist, Paul Weir Co., 820 Davis. Evanston, IL60201-1499 GIORDANO, PATRICK,Soil Consorv. Planner, ILDept Of Agric, Div.Nat. Res., ILSt. Fairgnds P.O. Box 19281, Springfield. IL62794-9281 GLEN. SHERIDAN "RUSTY".AVPSales, Arch Mineral Corp., 200 N. Broadway. St. Louis, MO 63102 GLOVER. THOMAS O, Mining Eng. US Bureau of Mines.2401 E St., NW. W616 Columbia Plz.. Washington. DC 20241 GLUSKOTER, HAROLD J.. Chiel Branch Coal Geology. U.S. Geological Survey. MailStop 956. Reston.VA 22092 GOAD,BILL. Service Mgr..J.H. Fletcher 8 Co.. P.O. Box2187. Huntington,WV25722-2187 GODDARD. DONALD G.. Exec. V.P.. Constr. of Mid-America, Inc.. 307 W. Commercial Rd.. Box 1011. Marion. IL 62959 GOLDEN. FRANK. State Mine Inspector. ILDept. of Mines 8 Minerals. P.O. Box 33. Herod. IL 62947 •GORDON. GLENN B., 2405-C Patriot Way. Greensboro. NC 27408 GORDON. JAMES R.. President. Gordon Belt Scrapers. Inc.. 301 W. Boling St.. Benton. IL62812 GORMAN. MARTIN. Maintenance Supt.. Monterey Coal Co.. R.R.1 #6 Clinton Bluffs. Breese. IL 62230 GOSS, JAMES F. Sr. Geologist. AMAX Coal Co.. 389 S. St. Clair St.. Martinsville. IN 46151 GOTHARD. RAMON A.. Peabody Coal Co., 967 Cemetery Rd.. Freeburg. IL 62243 GRAF. ROBERT. American Mine Res. Inc., Rls. 61 8 606, Rocky Gap. VA24366 GRAY, RALPH J.. Ralph Gray Services, 303 Drexel Dr., Monroeville, PA 15146 GREENWOOD. ROBERT. Assl. Top Supv. Mine 21, Old Ben Coal Co.. R.R. #2. Mulkeytown, IL 62865 GREER. ROY, State Mine Inspector. ILDept. ol Mines 8 Minerals, Route 4. Harrisburg. IL62946 GRIESEDIECK, CHRIS. President, American Pulverizer Co., 5540 W. Park, St Louis, MO 63110 GRIFFITHS. CARL D.. MineSupt.. Sahara Coal Co., Inc.. P.O. BOX 330. Harrisburg. IL 62946 MEMBERS 133

GRIFFITHS. DAVID B.. Coord. Information Systems. Old BenCoal Co.. 500E. Locust. Apt. C, Harnsburg. IL62946 GRIMM. ERIC S.. Production Engr.. Mine 24, Old BenCoalCo.. «10 Sassalras. Mt. Vernon. IL 62864 GRIMM. JAMES W.. Mining Engr.. Midland CoalCo.. P.O. Box 8. TrivOB, IL 61569 GROGAN. LESTER T. Gen. Supt.Mine 24. Old Ben Coal Co.. 308W Adelaide. Christopher. IL 62822 GROSS,D.JAMES, Senior V. Pres.. Engrg., Roberts8 Schaoler Co.. 120S. Riverside Plz.. Chicago. IL60606 GROVES. GARY,Sales. Kerco. Inc., P.O. Drawer 665. Madisonville, KY42431 GUCCIONE. JOE. Dist. Mgr.. Lincoln Lubrication. 1295 Jackson Ln..St. Louis. MO63031 GUESS. JIM.Sales Mgr., Brake Supply Co., Inc.. P.O. Box447. Evansville, IN47703 GUEST. TERRY Safety Tech.. SaharaCoal Co.. Inc.. P.O. Box 330.Harnsburg. IL 62946 GULLIC. ROBERT C (BOB). Chief Engr.SaharaCoal Co.. Inc., P.O. Box 330.Harrisburg. IL 62946 GUNTHER. JIM. Gunther-Nash, 2150 KienlenAve..St. Louis. MO63021 GWALTNEY BILL, Webb Oil Co.. Inc.. Box 247, Benton. IL62812 HAAS. CHARLESJ.. Prof. Mng. Engr.. Universily of MO. Rolla. Rock Mechanics Research Center. Rolla. MO 65401 HAENTJENS. R. P. V. Pres.. Barrett. Haentjens &Co.. 225 N. Cedar St., Box 488. Hazelton, PA 18201 HAIR. RICHARD T. . Mining Industry Consullant, 184 Briarwood Loop, Oak Brook, IL 60521 HAKE, WILLIAM D.. V. Pres.JL Div..Old Ben Coal Co.. 500 N. DuQuoin. Benton, IL62812 •4HALBERSLEBEN. PAUL. Consullant, Sahara CoalCo., Inc..P.O.Box 330, Harrisburg. IL 62946 HALE, JAMES E., Dragline Trng.Coord.. Southern IL University. PO Box 179. Wilhsvillo. IL 62997 HALES JR.. HERBERT F.. Pres.. W. M. Hales Co., Box 65, Danville. IL61832 HALL. R. W.(ROB), Sales Rep.. Armco. Union Wire Rope. 1440 Farmington Ct.. St. Louis, MO 63146 HALSTEAD. JOHN H.. Section Mgr.. Mine 21, Old Ben Coal Co.. 512 N. Walnut.West Frankfon. IL 62896 HALTER. DON J.. Sales. OldBen CoalCo.. 1600Golf Road,Suite 1200, Rolling Meadows, IL 60008 HAMILTON. ED. Reg. Sales Mgr.. Macwhyte Co.. 2906 14thAve.. Kenosha. Wl 53141 HAMMOND, JOHN P.. State Mine Inspector. Dist. #1, Dept. of Mines & Minerals. Box 109. Rushville. IL 62681 HANCHETT. GEORGE. Sales Engr., Stratoflex. Inc.. PO Box 193. Streator. IL61364 HAND. ARCHIE, Kerr-McGeeCoal Corp.. PO Box 727. Harrisburg. IL 62946 HANLEY TERRY. Sales Rep.. Ingersoll-Rand Mining Machinery. PO Box 513. Marion.IL62959 HARGIS. JOHN E. Prep. Plant Mgr., AMAX Coal Co.. PO Box 144. Keensburg. IL62852 HARGRAVES. GEORGE E.. . . R.R. 2. Box 176. Marion. IL 62959 HARMON. RICHARD A.. Oberjuerge Rubber Co., 10950 Lindage Place. St. Louis, MO 63132 HARMON. TERESA, Deputy Off.Mgr.. Sahara Coal Co.. Inc., PO Box330. Harrisburg. IL 62946 HARRELL. M. V.(DOC). V. Pres.. Freeman United Coal MiningCo.. PO Box 100. West Frankfort, IL 62896 HARRIS, JAMES D.. Salesman, Special MineServices. Inc., P.O. Box 172. Petersburg, IN47567 HARRIS. TROY. Instructor, University of MO. Rolla. 1022 Morrell St.. Rolla. MO 65401 HARRISON. WILLIAM, Sales Mgr.. Gullick Dobson, Inc., 603 Parkway View Dr.. Pittsburgh. PA 15205 HARSHBERGER, KEN. Branch Mgr.. Rudd Equipment Co., P.O. Box 3935. Evansville. IN 47737 HART, LAMON. Top Supv., Mine 24. Old Ben Coal Co., P.O. Box H. Valier. IL62891 HARTING. RICH. Dist. Mgr., Bearing Headquarters Co.. 3689 E. Broadway. Alton. IL62002 HARTLEY. GERALD, Exec. Vice Pres.. Old Ben Coal Co.. 500 N. DuQuoin. Benton. IL 62812 HARTZ, BRAD. Engineer. Rogers Group. Inc.. Box 2000. Camden, IL62319 HARVEY. RICHARD D.. Geologist. IL State Geological Survey. 615 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign. IL 61820 HAUBOLD. RICH. Mine Examiner. Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. R R 1, Box 185A, Pawnee. IL 62558 HAYDEN. CARLT.. V. Pres.. Sahara Coal Co.. Inc.. 3 First National Plz.. Suite 3050. Chicago. IL 60602 134 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

HAYES, L. G.. Outside Sales Rep.. FairmonlSupply Co.. P.O. Box 1388. Ml. Vernon. IL62864 HAZEL. DENNIS, General Manager, Ml. Vernon Eleclric, Inc.. P.O.Box 1548,Ml. Vernon, IL 62864 HEAD, GEORGE. Pros., SAN-CON, Inc., P.O. Box 120. Upper Sandusky, OH 43351 HEALY. JOHN M., V. Pres., Partner, Hanson Engineers. Inc., 1525 S. 6th St., Springfield.IL62703 HEIDINGER, GEORGE H„ DESCOM, R.R. 1, Box 299. Sparta, IL62286 HEINS.PHIL. Sr. Designer, A. L. Lee Corp., P.O. Box 2370, Ml. Vernon,IL62864 HELD, ALAN D. (BUD), Sales. Mid-Conlinenl Pipe 8 Supply Co., Inc., 15 Ridge Rd.. Cenlralia. IL 62801 HELFRICH. GEORGE. Sales Manager,Ashby Eleclric.2315 E. Elm, Wesl Frankfort. IL62896 HELLUMS. MAX R., Sales Rep.. PLEXCO. 3240 Mannheim Rd.. Franklin Park, IL60131 HELSLEY, CHARLES. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. PO Box 727. Harrisburg, IL62946 HEMMERICH. WAYNE, Safely Tech.,Sahara Coal Co.. Inc.. P.O. Box 330, Harrisburg. IL 62946 HENKEN, DON. Mlg. Rep..Arch Environmental Equipt. Co.. P.O. Box2422, Paducah. KY 42001 HERMAN. DR. RICHARD G.. Research Fellow. Lehigh University. Sinclair Laboratory.Bldg.»7. Bethlehem, PA 18015 HICKS. C. W.. Pres., Hicks Oils 8 Hicks Gas. Inc., IN Div.. . Roberts. IL60962 HICKS. STEVEN. Mining Engr.. ConsolidationCoal Co... Sedgewood Apt.A3, Blueiield.VA 24605 HILL. CORDELL L„ Chief Electrician. Peabody Coal Co.. P.O. Box S, Stonefort. IL62987 HILL. JAMES R„ Mine Inspector, Dept. ol Mines 8 Minerals.P.O. Box 216, Galatia, IL62935 HILLIARD. CHARLES F, Aero-Metric Engineering. 1415 E. Central Rd. S319-C, Arlington Heights. IL 60005-3321 HINCHEE. BETTY,Sales, Minesafe Electronics. P.O. Box 281. Sturgis. KY42459 HINDERT. GEORGE L„ Spec. Metal Fabr., Si. Louis Blow Pipe Div., 1948 N. 9th St.. St. Louis. MO 63102 HINZ. BILL, Chief Elect.. Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. Box 337, Virden. IL62690 HITT. KITTY. . Kerr-McGee Coal Corp., P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg, IL62946 HOBBS. JEFFREY J.. V. Pres. 8 Gen. Mgr.. A L. Lee Corp.'Memco Div.. P.O. Box 2370. ML Vernon. IL 62864 HOEMAN. JOHN M..Mgr.-Purchasing.Peabody Coal Co.. P.O. Box 1990. Henderson. KY42420 HOFFMAN. WILLIAM A.. Sales. Henry A. Petler Supply. Box 2350. Paducah. KY42001 HOFMANN.JOHN, Shift Maint. Foreman, Monterey Coal Co.. 204 Debra Dr..Albors. IL62215 HOFMANN. RAY. Sales Mgr.. Gooding Rubber. PO Box 729. LaGrange. IL60525 HOLDER. LARRY, Deputy Inspector. Mine21. Old Ben Coal Co.. Rt. #2. Box 19. Thompsonville.IL 62890 HOLDERFIELD. JOE. Parts Mgr.. Fabick Machinery Co.. P.O. Box 760, Marion, IL62959 HOLLAND. JAMES C, Gen. Manager, Conslruclion Machinery Corp.. P.O. Box 97. Marion. IL 62959 HOLLAND. JOHN D., Vice Pres.' Operations. Ajax Engineering Corp.. P.O. Box 409. Shawnee- town, IL 62984 HOLLER. LOWELL, Sales Rep., Roland Machinery Co.. P.O. Box 2879. Springfield, IL62708 HOLLIBAUGH. BRUCE. Superv.-Fuel Services. Illinois Power Co.. 500 S. 27th St.. Decatur. IL 62525 HOLLOWAY. ROBERT W.. Dir.of Eviron. OIL.Arch Mineral Corp.. R.R. 1. Percy. IL62272 HOLMES. RON. Sales. Mine Equipment 8 MillSupply Co.. R.R. 1. Box 79. Dawson Springs. KY 42408 HOLT, GLEN. Pilot. Rogers Group, Inc.. Box 2000. Camden. IL62319 HOOK, DON. Dist. Sales Mgr..Aero-Quip Corp.. 562 Center St.. Collierville,TN 38017 HOPKINS. LEONARD. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727, Harrisburg, IL62946 •HOPKINS. M. E„ Dm. Geology. Peabody Development Co.. P.O. Box 14222. St. Louis. MO 63178 HOPKINS. THOMAS P.. Sales, Fairmont Supply Co., 26 Westwood. ML Vernon, IL62864-2212 HOPPEL, KENNETH, Product Rep., R 8 H Supply Co., P.O. Box 250. Carterville. IL62918 HOPWOOD. JACK W.. Midwest Reg. Sales Mgr.,WEMCO, 120 N. Main St., Edwardsville, IL62025 HORN. DONALDN.. Asst. Manager Coal Pricing. IllinoisCentral Gulf Railroad. 233 N. Michigan Ave.. Chicago, IL60601 HORTON. MARVIN B.. Directorof Purchasing. Sahara Coal Company. P.O. Box 330. Harrisburg. IL 62946 HORTON. RICHARD E.. MidwestRegional Mgr.. Guyan Machinery. R.R. 2. Box8. Mahomet. IL 61853 MEMBERS 135

HOUCK. GEORGE W.. Maintenance Foreman. AMAX Coal Co.. P.O. Box 144. Keensburg. IL 62852 HOUSER. ROBERTA.. Sales. Commercial Test 8 Engr. Co.. 1919 S. Highland Ave.. Lombard. IL 60148 HOWARD. JOHN L. Assoc. Dean, Mining Tech.. Illinois East. Comm. Colleges-Coal Mining Technology. 2201 Toronto Rd.. Springlield. IL 62707 HOWTON. JR.. W B , Sales Rep . FredoniaValley Ouarnes. Inc..R.R.2. Box23. Fredonia. KY 42411 HUBBERT. NOEL. Sales Mgr.. Mid South PowerSystem. P.O. Box443. Madisonville. KY 42431 HUFF. W. L. (BILL). Mgr. Material Control. AMAX Coal Co.. Inc.. P.O. Box 967,Indianapolis. IN 46206 HUFFER. WILLIAM D., Prod Mgr, Fan Div.. PeabodyABC Corp.. P.O. Box 77, Warsaw. IN 46580 HUGHES. CEIRIOG.VP. Sales 8 Service. Halbach 8 Braun Ind..90 W. Chestnut St.. Washinaton. PA 15301 HUGHES. WILLIAM W„Service Engr.. Continental Conveyor Co.. P.O. Box 184.Waltonville. IL 62894 HULL. JOHN E., Pres., West VA Div. Peabody Coal Co.. 800 LaidleyTower. Charleston. WV25301 HUNNICUT. JOSEPH W.. VP. Sales. GuyanMachinery Co . PO Box 150.Chapmanville. WV 25508-1050 HUNT. LUCIAN, Assl TopSupv. Mine 21. Old Ben Coal Co.. 27 Pinewood dr.. Carbondale. IL 62901 HUNTER. DANIEL S.. General MineMgr..AMAX Coal Co.. P.O. Box 730. Marion. IL 62959 HUNTER. DAVID. General Manager. Fansteel VRWesson, Box 11399. Lexington. KY 40575 HUNTSMAN. LES, President. Special MineServices, Inc.. P.O. Box 188. West Frankfort. IL 62896 HURLEY. JACK. Pres.. Centrifugal 8 Mechanical Industries. Inc.. 146 President St.. St. Louis. MO 63118 HURST. ROBERT J.. V P. Explor.. Geo-Con. Inc.. R.R 4, 305 Filth Ave.. Princeton. IN 47670 HUTCHCRAFT. JIM.Sales Mgr.. MAT Ind. Div of R.L Brown, P.O. Box 250. West Frankfort. IL 62896 HUTCHCRAFT, RON. Engineer. AMAX Harco. P.O. Box E, Harnsburg. IL 62946 IMHOFF, JAMES G .Assl to Mine Mgr, Mine 21. OldBenCoalCo.. Gen. Del.,Royalton. IL 62983 ISAACS. L. WAYNE. Mine Mgr.. Korr-McGeo Coal Corp., 803 E. Boyton.Marion. IL62959 IWASYSZYN,TED, V, Pros., CivilServ,, C. M. I.. Inc., 146 President St., St. Louis. MO 63118 JACKSON.AARON D.. Prod Supv, KerrMcGee Coal Corp.. R.R. 3. Eldorado, IL62930 JACKSON,LARRY. Sales, Tri State MineSupply. PO Box 732, Marion, IL 62959 JACKSON,NORM, Asst. VP. Operations. Rogers Group. Inc.. Box2000, Camden, IL62319 JACKSON, ROYCE, Sales. Roes Mine Supply Sales, Inc.. Box 296, Du Quoin, IL62832 JAENKE, C.T, (TED), Presidont, Meier-Technical Assoc, Inc.. P.O. Box 189. Florissant. MO 63033 JAMISON, GEORGE F..Partner, Hanson Engineers, Inc. 1525 S. Sixth St., Springfield,IL62703 JANKOUSKY. CHARLES. 702 Sheridan Dr., Benton. IL62812 JENKINS, JACK D„ Sales Engr., Eastern Electric. PO Box 1205, Marion, IL62959 JENNINGS, EARL A., Instructor.Wabash Valley College. Box21, RR 4. ML Carmel. IL 62863 JOCKISCH. LEE W., Reclamation Mgr, AMAX Coal Co.. Inc., R.R. 1. Box 109. Lewistown. IL61542 JOHNSON, DALE, State Mino Inspector. Dept ol Mines and Minerals, 158 W. 2nd St., Woodhull. IL 61490 JOHNSON, SAM, Manager, Dooley Bros., P.O. Box 412. Benton. IL62812 JOHNSON, STEVE. Engr,, Sahara Coal Co., Inc., P.O. Box 330. Harrisburg. IL62946 JOKERST, JERRY. Sales Engr.. Farrar Pump 8 Machinery Co.. 1701 S. Big Bend Blvd.. St. Louis. MO 63117 JONES. EDDIE WAYNE. VP. Whitfield Electric, 640 E. Center. Madisonville, KY 42431 JONES. J ROBERT (BOB). Sales, H. A. Petter Supply Co.. Box 2350. Paducah, KY42001 JONES, JACKIE W., Salesman, Kerco. Inc., 548 S. Mam St., Madisonville. KY 42455 JONES. JEFF. National Sales Mgr.. R J, Stern Company. Inc., 500 Cumberland St.. Bristol. VA 24201 JONES, JERRY, President. R. J. Stern Company, Inc.. 500 Cumberland St.. Bristol. VA24201 JONES, RANDY, Gen Maint. Supv. UG. Mine 21, Old Ben Coal Co., R.R. #2, Mulkeytown, IL62865 JONES, ROBERT E.. State Mine Inspector, ILDept. of Mines 8 Minerals. 110 W. Capital St.. Benton. IL 62812 JONES. ROY, KerrMcGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL62946 JORDAN, ALEX. Top Boss, Peabody Coal Co.. 333 Henrietta. Divernon. IL62530 136 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

JORDAN. LARRY, Manager. Birmingham Bolt Co.. P.O. Box 1208. Birmingham, AL 35201-1208 JOSENDALE. JOHN. FieldCoordinator,WireRope Corp. ofAmerica. 10785 Indianhead Industrial Blvd., St. Louis. MO 63132 JUENGER. CLYDE E.. Dir. Prep.. IL Div.. Peabody CoalCo.. P.O.Box 46. Marissa. IL 62257 JUNION. FRANCIS E..Shop Mgr.. General Electric Co.. 151 FisherCt.. Eldridge. IA 52748 JUSTICE. HENRY B.. Pres.. DuQuoin Iron 8 Supply Co., P.O. Box 181, DuOuoin. IL 62832 JUSTICE. JAMES H.(JIM). Sales. DuOuoinIron Supply Co., P.O. Box181. DuQuoin. IL 62832 KACHIK. DAVID J.. Assoc. Coal Industry Consultants. Inc..P.O. Box 3090, Naperville. IL 60566- 3090 KAELIN. ROY Mgr.. Coal Marketing. IL Dept. ol Energy 8 Nat. Res.,325W Adams St.,Springfield. IL 62704-1892 KAISER, F. X.. Mgr.. Peabody Coal Co., 50 Jerome Lane. FairviewHts., IL 62208 ♦ KALIA. HEMENDRA N.. 2153 Shawnmonl Court. Dublin. OH 43221-1852 .KARNES. RALPH E., Maintenance Foreman, Consolidation Coal Co.. 1311 Elm St.. Hillsboro. IL 62049 KASHMERICK. RICHARD D., Territory Mgr., Donaldson Co., Inc., 800 Ruth Dr.,St. Charles, MO 63301 KATHALYNAS. MARTY OfficeEngr..Old Ben Coal Co., RR 1, Benlon, IL62812 KEASLING, SHIRLEY, Sales Rep., MidwestSteel Div., P.O. Box 1243. Granite City, IL62040 KEE.GEORGE B., Vice Pres.. Special MineServices, Inc.. P.O. Box 188. Counlry Club Rd.. West Frankfort. IL 62896 KEE.VERNON. Sales Rep.. Special MineServices, P.O. Box 188. West Frankfort, IL62896 KELL, THOMAS M..Gen. MineMgr., Freeman UnitedCoal Mining Co., RR ff1, Box C-74, Virden. IL 62690-9511 KELLER. ROBERT T.. President. J. H. Service Company. Inc., P.O. Box 4315. Evansville, IN 47711 KELLERMAN. DON, BeltSystems Coord.. Mine 21. Old Ben Coal Co.. RR. 2. Box 489. Mulkeytown. IL62865 KELLEY JAY HILARY Pres.. Kelastic Mine Beam Company. 307 S. Pennsylvania Ave.. Greensburg. PA 15601 KELLY JOSEPH M., Field Engineer.Old Ben Coal Co., 1326 Whisperway.Benton. IL 62812 KELM. GEORGE. Pres.. Sahara Coal Co.. Inc.. 3 1st National Plz.. Suite 3050, Chicago. IL 60602 KELTON. GERALD P..Sales Mgr.. Krebs Engineers. 1205 Chrysler Dr., Menlo Park. CA94025- 9928 KEMPER. JOHN B.. Sales. Line Power Mfg. Corp.. 4904 PollackAve.. Evansville. IN47715 KENNEDY JACK. V. Pres.. Jack Kennedy Metal Products, P.O. Box 38. Taylorville. IL62568 KENNEDY LARRY Branch Mgr.. Marathon Industries. Inc.. P.O. Box 588, Ml. Vernon. IL62864 KENNEDY WILLIAM. Pres.. Kennedy Metal Products. P.O. Box 38. Taylorville, IL62568 KERN, FRED, VP, FARMO. Inc.. 405 Glenn Dr. #11. Sterling. VA 22170-4421 KESTNER. RICK. Sales Rep.. METEC. Inc.. 841 Corporate Drive. Lexinglon. KY40503 KEYS. NICK. Mine 8 Minerals Div.. MobilOil Corp.. P.O. Box 17772. Denver, CO 80217 KILPATRICK. L. P., Marketing. Westinghouse Electric Corp.. 2060 Craigstiire Rd., Creve Coeur, MO 63146 KIMBLE, LARRY, Service Mgr.. Capitol Machinery Co.. Inc., P.O. Box 2008, Springfield. IL62705 KIMELTON, DWIGHT. Sales. R8H Service 8 Supply Co.. P.O. Box 250. Cartervillo, IL62918 KIMELTON, JAMES E., VP. IGS, Inc., Rt. 3. Box 255. Benton. IL62812 KING. HAROLD. Branch Mgr., Illinois Bearing Co., 2840 ViaVerde. Springfield, IL 62703 KING,JAMES V. Maint. Engr. Old Ben Coal Co., R.R. #2. Benlon, II62812 KING. W. C. (BILL), V. Pres.. King. Miles 8 Associales, 605 Slate St, Suite C. Nowburgh. IN 47630 KINKADE. MIKE.Kerr-McGee Coal Corp., P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL62946 KIRCHNER, DENNIS. EnvironmentalPrograms Supv.. Central Illinois Public Service Co.. 607 E. Adams St.. Springfield. IL62701 KLOTZ. RONALD. ShiftMaintenance Foreman, MontereyCoal Co.. R.R. 2. Box 626. Sorento, IL 62086 KNIGHT. RAY. Mgr.. Cedar Creek Mine.Rogers Group. Inc.. Box 2000. Camden, IL62319 KOEHLER. ED. Sales. PSI/Power Supply Industries. 1740 Fenpark Dr..Fenton, MO63026 KOENITZER. JEFFERY D.. V. P. Engr., Helwig Carbon Products. Inc.. 2550 N. 30th St.. Milwaukee. Wl53210 MEMBERS 137

-fKOERBER JR., FRED. Owner. Koerber Drilling Contractor. 424 N. Hickory St., Du Quoin. IL 62832 KOESTERER, MICHAEL (MIKE), SalesEngr, JoyManufacturing Co.. R.R. 1.Box 37A. Columbia, IL 62236-9608 KONKEL. BOB, Sales Rep., Power-Torque, Inc.. RR #1, Box88C, Du Bois, IL 62831-9719 KOPEC. JOHNR„ Superintendent. Lebco, Inc., PO Box656, Benton, IL 62812 KOSTBADE. RICHARD, Mgr,. Bearings Service Co.,1607S. KY Ave.. Evansville, IN 47713 KOVACS. CHUCK, Macwhyte. 2906 14th AVe.. Kenosha. Wl 53141 KRAZER, RALPH G„ (Ret.), 1733 Smith Dr.,Abilene, TX 79601 KRIETEMEYER. NORMAN, Truck Driver. Evansville Electric 8 Mlg. Co..P.O. Box 4717. Evansville. IN 47711 KROESE, OWEN. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp . PO Box 727. Harrisburg. IL 62946 KROGMAN, JOHN A., Assl. Prof.-Ming Engr.. University ofWl. Platteville, Oltensman Hall, Platleville, Wl 53818 KRUEGER. P. ANDREE (ANDY). Sales Rep.. Bi-State Rubber. Inc.. 423Soulhsido Ave., Si. Louis. MO 63119 KRUG, JOHN F.. Sr. StoresOperator. Old BenCoal Co.. R.R. #2SteelCity Rd.. Benton. IL 62812 KRUSE, CARL W., Senior Research Scientist. IL State Geological Survey, 615E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL61820 KUHN.SCOTT, Sales Engr.. Straetler Sales. Box 5262. Evansville, IN 47715 KUMPAR. DAVE. Supt. Mamt..Mine 24. Old Ben Coal Co., 1804 Wolfl Dr.,Marion.IL62959 KUTZ. BILL. Serv. Engr.. Cenlrilugal 8 Mechanical Industries. Inc., 146 President St.. Si. Louis. MO 63118 LACHANCE, LARRY. Account Rep., Ml. VernonElectric. P.O. Box 1548. Ml. Vernon. IL 62864 LAFFEY, LARRY R.. V. Pres.. Laffey Equipment Co.. P.O. Box 16285.St. Louis, MO 63105 LAMB. JOHN L . Obeguerge Rubber Co., P.O. Box 519. SI. Louis, MO 63166 LAMBERT. KEITH, Sales. MinesaleElectronics, P.O. Box 281.Sturgis. KY 42459 LANGE. LEONARD J.. WescotI Steel. Inc.. 425 Andrews Rd., Trevose. PA 19047 LARSON. JOHN C. Sales Rep . Ml Industrial Lumber. 1851 From St.. Box 612.Whiting. IN 46394 LATTINA, ALAN. Serv. Engr., Centrifugal 8 Mechanical Industries. Inc.. 146 President Si., St. Louis. MO 63118 LAUER. BRIAN. Sales Rep.. MO.-IL Tractor 8 Eqpmt. Co., 5920 N. Lindbergh Blvd.. Hazelwood, MO 63042 LAUGHLIN. MIKE.Sales. Raben Tire Co.. Inc . New Rte. 13 W., Marion. IL62959 LAWRENCE. DAVID W„ President. Gooding RubberCo., PO. Box 729. LaGrange. IL 60525 LAWSON, RICHARD L.. President. National Coal Association. 1130 17th St., NW, Washington. D.C. 20036. D.C. 20606 LEDBETTER, LARRY. Mgr./Sales Rep.. Baker MineService, P.O. Box 775. Benton. IL62812 -fLEDVINA. CHRISTOPHERT. (CHRIS).Old Ben Coal Co.. 5415 N.Shendian Rd.. Suite 5511. Chicago. IL60640 LEE. JAMES, Seclion Foreman. Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. 2464Arrowhead Dr.. Springlield. IL 62702 LEEDS. JAY.Industrial Sales Mgr., PLEXCO, 3240 N. Mannheim Rd.. Franklin Park. IL60131 LEIGHTON. MORRISW..Chiel. IL State Geological Survey. 615 E. Peabody Dr.. Champaign, IL 61820 LEMMONS. A.GARY. BranchMgr.. Fairmont SupplyCo., 1584Panama St., Memphis. TN38128 LEMMONS. SHARON K..Claims Mgr., LynchCoal Operators Reciprocal Assn.. P.O. Box 715. Terre Haute, IN 47808 LEMONS, WILLIAMA.. Ret.. 702 N. Park St.. Sesser. IL62884 LESTER. HARRY.Mgr.. Special Projects, Old Ben Coal Co., 500 N. Du Quoin St., Benton. IL62812 LETSKY. CONNIE. Division Geologist, Peabody Coal Co., P.O. Box 174. Mascoulah. IL62258 LEVERE. LEE L.. District Rep.. Calgon Corp.. 1421 N. Main St., Suite 204. Evansville. IN 47711 LEWIS. MIKE. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp., P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg, IL62946 LICK. BOB. Coal Magazine. 29 N. Wacker Dr.. Chicago. IL60606 LILLY. PETER B.. Gen. Mgr. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. Galatia Mine. PO. Box 727. Harrisburg, IL 62946 •LINDSAY. GEORGE C. Gen. Mgr. Coal Mining 8 Processing. 300 W. Adams St., Chicago, IL 60606 LINK. WILLIAM R.. Maintenance Coordinator Monterey Coal Co.. No1 Mine. PO Box 496. Carlinville. IL 62626 138 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

LIPPENCOTT, THOMAS W., Contracting Engr., Roberts&Schaefer Co.. 120S. Riverside Plz.. Chicago. IL60606 LITTLE. JONATHAN L, Territory Mgr.. Stewart-Warner.809 Oakland, Ml. Vernon, IL62864 LITTLEFIELD. KENNETH. Pres.. B & L Industrial Systems. Inc., P.O. Box 1223. 2241 Adams. Granite City. IL62040 LITTON. K. D.. BulkMaterialHdl.Mgr. Reliance Electric. Inc.. P.O. Box862. Beckley,WV25801 LOCK. TIMOTHY P.. Disl. Sales Mgr.. Leschen Wire Rope Co.. 1220 Capitol Dr..Addison, IL60101 LOGSDON, CHERYL. Adminis.Coord.. Rogers Group. Inc.. Box 2000. Camden. IL62319 LOGSDON. SANDRA. Asst. Adminis. Coord.. Rogers Group. Inc.. Box 2000. Camden. IL62319 LOLAN. DONALD J , Sales Rep.. MidcoSales 8 Service. P.O. Box 28729. St. Louis. MO63146 LONG. MARK T.. Project Engineer. Energy Resource Development. P.O. Box 639, Oakland. IL 61943 LONG. TED C. Sales, Hughes MPD, 573 Oak St., Madisonville. KY42431 LONSDALE, CHARLES W„ Sales. DuBois Chemicals. Inc.. 212 Bittersweet Lane. Belleville. IL 62221 LOUNSBURY. RICHARD E.. Environ. Advisor, Monterey Coal Co.. P.O. Box 496. Carlinville. IL 62626 LOY. GEORGE M.. Inside Sales Rep.. Anixter Bros.. 9449 Aerospace Dr.. St. Louis. MO 63134 LUCAS, WALTER S.. V. Pres.. Sahara Coal Co.. Inc., P.O. Box 330. Harrisburg. IL62946 LUMM. D. K.. Dept of Geology. Vandorbilt University, Box 1805 Station B. Nashville. TN 37235 LUNDIN. A. M.. Regional Mgr.. MineSafety Appliances Co.. 999 Plaza Dr.,Suite 400. Schumburg. IL60173 LUTZ.MICHAELE.. Sales Rep.. Devcon-IL Tool Works, Inc.. 608 Morrison Ave.. Waterloo. IL62298 LYMAN. ROBERT M.. Geologist, Elk River Resources, Inc.. P.O. Box 10388. Knoxville. TN 37919 LYON, DAVID L.. Mng. Engr.. Zeigler Coal Co.. R.R. 7. Box 538, Marion. IL62959 •MAC DONALD, J. W., Consultant. 501 W. Reed St., Benton, IL 62812 MACK. THOMAS E.. Sales Engineer, Halbach a Braun Industries. 90 W.Chestnut St., Washington. PA 15301 MADISON. MICHAELA„ Sales. Midco Sales a Service. 11475 Page Service Dr.. St. Louis, MO 63146 MALONE,JAMES (PAT). Mgr..Jake's Tire Co., P.O. Box 670. Marion, IL62959 .MANCI, SAMUELL., Sales Rep.. Long-Airdox Co., 180 Idle Hour Dr.. Lexington. KY40502-1102 MANION. Jr.. BENNIE D.. Mgr. Midwest Service Ctr., Hemscheidt America. 1202 Blakely. West City, IL 62812 MANU. MITCH.Sales. West City Mine Supply. P.O. Box 496, Benton, IL62812 MARLOW, GENE, Sales, Ulmor Equipment Co., 1554 Fenpark Drive. Fenton. MO 63026 MAROSCHER, GUS, Gen. Mgr., Shook a Fletcher Supply Co., 202 E. MainSt.. Stanley Bldg., Suite 102, Marion. IL 62959 MARSHALL, TOM. Sales Mgr,. Rudd EquipmentCo., P.O. Box 290039. St. Louis, MO63129-0039 MARTIN. ART. Ownor. A. L. Martin a Co., Inc.. P.O. Box 1467. Belleville, IL 62223 MARTIN. BERNARD DEAN, Slate Mine Inspector. ILDept. of Mines a Minerals, 616 N. Silver. Taylorville, IL 62568 tMARTIN. CHARLES EDWARD. Mgr.. Human Resources, McDonnell Douglas Astronautics Co., Box 516. SI Louis. MO 63166 MARTIN, CLARENCE, Maint. Foreman. AMAX Coal Co.. P.O. Box 144, Keensburg, IL62852 MARTIN, JAMES W„ Mine Plann. Engr., Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. 912 S. 10th St.. Herrin. IL 62948 MATHIAS. NEAL. Project Mgr.. EvansvilleElectrica Mfg.. Co.. 600 W. EichelAve.. P.O. Box4717, Evansvillo. IN 47711 MATHIAS JR.. JOHN G„ Gen. Mgr.. EvansvilleElectric8 Mfg. Co.. Inc.. 600 W. EichelAve.. Evansville. IN 47711 MATUSKA. DAN. Engr.. Century Oils. Inc.. P.O. Box 161. Marion. IL62901 MAUCK, HARVEY B.. Owner. Deep Valley CoalCo.. 1107 N. LoganAve.. Danville. IL 61832 MAXTED. ED, Sales. Goodall Rubber Co.. 5814 N. Dearborn AVe.. Indianapolis, IN46220 MAY. GEORGE L.. Operations Mgr.. Monterey Coal Co.. P.O. Box 496. Carlinville. IL62626 MC ATEE. BOB, Mine Inspector. Old Ben Coal Co.. 1813 Wolfe Dr., Marion. IL62959 MC CALLISTER. CHARLES. Kerr-McGee CoalCorp..P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL 62946 MCCANDLESS. DON.Sales, Bearings SErvice Co.. P.O Box 758. Marion.IL62959 MEMBERS 139

MCCORMICK. RICHARD L. V.P., Conn-Weld lnd„ Inc., PO Box 5329, Princelon, WV24740 MCCOY. ROBERT E., Pres.. Gunthor-Nash Mining Construction Co.. 2150 Kienlon Ave., SI. Louis. MO 63121 MC DEVITT, Kahl, Marketing Mgr.. Slrong Mlg„Co.. P.O. Box6068. Pine Bluff. AR 71611 MC DOWELL. NEAL. Sales. Rudd Equipment Company, P.O. Box290039.Si. Louis. MO 63129- 0039 MC FARLAND, ALAN, Comm Sales Mgr.. Jake's Tire Company, P.O. Box670. Marion. IL 62959 MC FARLAND. JOHN. Old Ben Coal Co.. 1103 N. McLeansboro St. Benion. IL62812 MC FARLAND. JOHN. Gen. Maml.Sup.. Old Ben Coal Co.. 1103N. McLeansboro. Benion. IL 62812 MC GAHA. RAY. Vice President, Conlinenlal Conveyer Co.. P.O.Box 400. Wrnlield. AL 35594 MC GEE. DONALD G., Account Mgr.. Stephens-Adamson. 850 Ridgeway AVe.. Aurora. IL 60507 MCGREEVY. WM. E., Sales Mgr.. Roland MachineryCo.. 816 Dirken Pky.P.O. Box2879. Springfield. IL62708 MCGUIRE.JOE. VP. Mid South Power Systems, inc.. P.O. Box443. Madisonville. KY 42431 MC KEE. LARRY E.. Engr.. Bixby-Zimmer Engineering Co.. P.O. BOX 510. Galesburg. IL 61402- 0510 MC KELVEY. BOB. Prop Engr.. Old Ben Coal Co., 208 Patricia In., West Frankfort. IL62896 MC LAIN. JIM, District Manager. Bruening Bearings, Inc.. 2727 Washington Blvd..St. Louis. MO 63103 MC LAIN. JOHN G. Mktg.. ArchMineral Corp..200 N. Broadway. Si. Louis, MO 63102 MC NULTY. JAMES E.. Sr. V. Pres.. Coal IndustryConsullanls. Inc.. P.O. Box 3090. Naperville, IL 60566 MCWHORTER. P. L , V. P..Customer Ret. Jeflrey Mining Machinery Div., Dresser Ind.. P.O. Box 1879. Columbus, OH 43216 MC PEAK. ROBERT. Mktg.. Zeigler Coal Co.. 331 Salem PI. S2. FairviewHeighls. IL 62208 MEACHAM. T. L.. Exec. V.P.. Fairmont Supply Co.. Millcratt Center. 90 W.Chestnut. Washington. PA 15301 MEIER. DANAG.. Underg. Engr. 8 Permit Supv . AMAX Coal Co.. Inc.. PO. Box 967. Indianapolis. IN 46206 MELCHER. RICHARD W„ Production Engr. Mine 26. Old Ben Coal Co.. 502 S. Jesse, Chnstopher. IL 62822 MELCHOR. M JOSEPH. Senior V. Pres. / Engrg., Gunther-Nash Mining Construclion Co.. 2150 KoinlonAve.. St. Louis. MO 63121 MELVIN. CALVIN. Kerr McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727, Harrisburg. IL 62946 MELVIN. ROBERT L. (BOB), State Mine Inspector. ILDept. of Mines 8 Minerals. R.R. 1. Box 336. West Frankfort. IL 62896 MERIDETH, ELMO. Mgr. ol Sales. Special Mine Services. P.O. Box 188. Country Club Rd.. West Frankfort, IL 62896 MERRELL. J. W. , Mine Manager. Mine 21, Old Ben Coal Co.. Rt. B1. Carrier Mills, IL62917 MERRIFIELD. NEAL H.. Mine SupL. Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. PO Box 716, Farmersville. IL 62533 METZGER. DAN R.. Pros.. D. R. Metzger. Inc.. 475 W. 55th St.. La Grange. IL60525-3589 METZROTH, LARRY, Mgr./Slrategic Planning. Arch Mineral Corp., 200 N. Broadway. Si. Louis. MO 63102 MILES. IRVIN. Section Mgr.. Mine 21, Old Ben Coal Co.. 204 Beulah St.. Christopher, IL62822 MILLER. BRIAN,Sales Engr.. Power Supply Ind.. 1740 Fonpark. St. Louis, MO 63026 MILLER. LOUIS V. Chemist, IN Geological Survey. 509 Pleasant Ridge Rd., Bloomington, IN 47401 MILLER. PAUL, Regional Mgr., Fairmont Supply Co.. 3201 Ambrose AVe.. Nashville. TN 37205 MILLER. RANDY B.. Electrical Engr., Consolidation Coal Co.. R.R. 1, Box 74, Waltonville, IL62894 MILLER. RICHARD. Mgr.. Marcal Rope 8 Rigging. Inc., Box 477. Allon, IL62002 MILLER, RICHARD E.. President. Marine Coal Sales Company. 268 Medical Drive. Carmel. IN 46032 MILLER. RICK. Sales Rep.. MohlerArmaluro8 Electric.Inc.. 2355 Eby Road. Boonville, IN47601 MILLER JR.. R. G., Pres.. Roberts 8 Schaefor Co., 120 S. Riverside Plz.. Chicago, IL60606 MILLIGAN. EMERY.Pres., Elem Corp . 805 S. Aikman St.. Marion. IL62959 MILLIGAN. GARY E„ Plant Foreman. Sahara Coal Co.. Inc., 1004 E. Gregory. Marion. IL62959 MINER JR., JAMES A.. Pres.. Kerco. Inc.. PO. Drawer 665, Madisonville, KY 42431 140 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

MINOR. LINDELL R.. Equip. Techn.. Ingersoll-Rand MiningMachinery. P.O. Box 513. Marion. IL 62959 MITCHELL. CHAS. ROBERT (BOB). Office Mgr.rBuyer.Consolidation Coal Co.. 12755 Olive Blvd.. St. Louis. MO 63141 MITCHELL. JOHN D.. Consulting Engineer. Consulting Engineer. 218 Elm St., Zeigler. IL62999 MITCHELL, MIKE.Gen Maint. Sup. UB. Mine 21. Old Ben Coal Co.. R.R. »3. Box 25. Benlon. IL 62812 MITCHELL. WILLIAM. Sales Mgr.. MOILTractor &Equip. Co.. 5920 N. Lindbergh Blvd.,Hazel- wood. MO 63042 MOHLER, H. SCOTT. Vice Pres.. Mohler Armature & Electric. Inc., 2355 Eby Rd., Boonville. IN 47601 MOHLER, WILLIAM A., Pres., Mohler Armature & Eleclric, Inc.. 2355 Eby Rd.. Boonville, IN 47601 MONARCH. DENNIS D., Sales Rep., Gooding Rubber Co.. P.O. Box 477. Benton, IL62812 MONTGOMERY.SAM, , Dowty-Owens. Inc.. P.O. Box 1749, Bristol. VA24203 MOONEYHAM, ROBERT, Inspector, Depl. ol Mines & Minerals. R.R. 2, Box 420. West Frankforl. IL 62896 MOORE. BOB. Sales, Rep., Hicks Industrial Oils, PO Box 98, Roberts, IL60962 MOORE,GARY, Area Manager. Chem Link, One Salt Creek Lane, Hinsdale. IL60521 MOORE,MARVIN R„ Production Supervisor.Wabash Mino. AMAX Coal Co., Rt. »3, Box 147. Eldorado. IL 62930 MORELAND. FLOYD C. Sales Engr., McNally Pittsburg. Inc., Box235. Evansville. IN47702 MORGAN. BEN,Sales. J. Schonthal Assoc, Inc.,411 E. MainSt., Morganlield, KY 42437 MORGAN. GARY District Sales Mgr.. Ingersoll-RandMining Mach., P.O. Box 513, Marion.IL62959 • MORGAN. GEORGE H„ Sales Mgr.,White Hydraulics. P.O. Box 1127, Hopkinsviile. KY42240 MORGAN. JOHN H.. Geologist. . 2201 Lexington *3. Springfield, IL62704 MORGAN. MARK S.. Dist.Sales Mgr., J. H. Fletcher Co.. 411 E. Geiger St.. Morganfield. KY 42437 MORGAN. RANDY Sales. Jake's Tire Co.. P.O. Box 670. Marion. IL62959 MORLOCK. R. J.. Pres., CommericalTest. &Engr.Co.. 1919 S. HighlandAve.. Suile 21OB. Lombard, IL 60148 MORMINO, MARK E., Production Engr,Mine25. Old Ben Coal Co.. 506 W. Filth. Benton. IL62812 ••MORONI. E. T. (GENE). (Ret.). Old Ben Coal Co., P.O. Box 477, Herrin. IL62948 MORRIS, ALBERT H..Sate Inspector(Ret.). 807 N. Elm, Taylorville. IL 62568 MORRIS. GEORGE. Mgr. Indust. Engr.. PeabodyCoalCo.. 50Jerome Lane, Fairview Heights. IL 62208 MORSE,JAMES (JIM), Area Mgr.. Gardner-Denver M&C, P.O. Box 58. Florissant, MO63032 MORSE. RONALD E..Safety Din, Sahara CoalCo.. Inc., P.O. Box330, Harrisburg. IL 62946 MORVICH, JOHN, Senior Buyer.Old Ben Coal Co., R.R. 5, Box 513. Marion.IL62959 MOSS. HERSCHEL, Truck&MineSupply,Inc.. Box4438, Evansville, IN47711 MUCKENSTURM, SUZANNE. Public Relations Officer, IL StaleGeological Survey. 615E. Peabody Dr., Champaign, IL61820 MULLINAX, CHARLES R.,Oufside Sales, Honry A. PotterSupply. P.O.Box 2350, Paducah, KY 42001 MULLINS, W.H„ V.Pres.. Engr., Freeman UnitedCoal Mining Co.. P.O. Box 100, West Frankfort, IL 62896 MURPHY. BRIAN J.. Supt.. PeabodyCoalCo.. 90 Preston Dr.. Freoburg, IL 62243-9514 MURPHY. E. LOUIS, President.Hawley CoalMining Corp..74Quail Valley. Princeton. WV 24740 MURPHY. JOHN D..V. Pres.. Alloy SlingChainInd. Inc., 1416W. 175th St., E. Hazelcrest, IL 60429 MURRAY FREDERICK N„ Consultant. . 3734 E. 81st PI..Tulsa, OK 74137 MURRAY ROBERT E.. 32 Cotswold Ln. Moroland Hills. Chagrin Falls.OH44022 MURRAY WILLIAM, Dir., Underground Mng.. Kerr-McGee CoalCorp..P.O. Box25861, Oklahoma City. OK 73126 MYERS. HUBERT W.. V. P.. IL Surface Open. Consolidation Coal Co.. P.O. Box 218. Pinckneyville. IL 62274 MYLER. FRANK. V.P.. American Scale. Inc.. 1218 N. 20lh Si„ Decatur. IL 62521 NADOLSKI. FREDRICK J.. Products Specialist. Schroeder Brothers. Corp.. Box 72.Nichols Ave.. McKees Rocks. PA 15156 NANCE. ROGER B..Geologist. Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. PO Box 100. WesI Frankfort. IL 62896-0100 MEMBERS 141

NASH. BILL. Sup!.. Coal. Inc.. R.R. 3. Box 229. Linton. IN 47441 NAUERT. GREGORY. Inside Sales. Evansville Electric 8 Mfg. Co..600 W. Eichel, P.O. Box 4717. Evansville. IN 47711 NEEDHAM. BOB. Field Rep..Capitol Machinery Co..Inc.. P.O. Box 2008, Springfield. IL 62702 NEMECEK. MONA L. Senior Geologist. AMAX Coal Co., Inc.. 4849 Hillside Ave . Indianapolis. IN 46205 NEWMAN. FREDERICK G..Consulling Geologist. R.R. 1. Box 151 A, Gillespie. IL 62033 NEWTON. JAMES L.. SalesEngr.. Transmitton. Inc., 1101 Parkway View Drive. Pittsburgh. PA 15205 NICHOLSON. HAROLD (NICK). Sales Rep., W. M. Hales. P.O. Box 368.West Frankfort, IL 62896 NIEBRUEGGE. PAUL E..Sales, Hopcroft Electric. Inc.. 2 Glen Crossing Rd.. Edwnrdsville. IL 62025 NIELSEN. BILL. Manager. Flanders Electricof Illinois. 1000 N Coud, Marion. IL 62959 NOEL SR.. WILLIAM E. (BILL). Dis. Sales Cons., Long-Airdox Co.. P.O.Box 479, Benton. IL 62812 NOEL. JR.. BILL, Dist. Manager. Long-Airdox Co.. Box 479. Benton. IL 62812 NOLEN. J. ALAN, Egyptian Energies. P.O. Box 127, West Frankfort. IL62896 NORRIS, DALE W„ Prep. Plant Mgr., Kerr-McGee CoalCorp..GalafiaMine. P.O.Box727. Harrisburg, IL62946 NORRIS, RANDY, Inside Sales, Marathon Industries. Inc., 1110 Casey St., Ml. Vernon. IL 62864 NOWOBILSKI. MICHAEL B..Mgr. of Engr., Zeigler CoalCo.. 1002Matlhew, O'Fallon, IL 62269 '♦NUGENT. FRANK, Chairman, Chief Exec. Officer. Freeman United CoalMining Co..222 N. La Salle St.. Chicago, IL60616 NUGENT. JOHN t, SalesMgr., Freeman United Coal Mining Co., 222North LaSalle. Chicago, IL 60601 NUTTER, THOMAS B.,Head, Mng. Engrg., Monterey CoalCo., P.O. Box 496, Carlinville, IL 62626 NYSTROM, LEONARD T„ Dist. Mgr.. Okonite Co.. 10805 Sunset Office Dr. ffK-L 100. St. Louis. MO 63127-1008 O'BRYAN. DAVE.Consultant. R.R. 2, Box 376A, Linton. IN47441 O'CONNELL. DANIEL. Sales Rep.. Illinois Bearing Co., 2840Via Verde. Springfield. IL 62708 O'CONNOR, MICHAEL P.. Programmer/Analyst. OldBen CoalCo., Rt.7. Box 50. Marion, IL 62959 O'DOWD, MICHAEL A.. Engr.. Flexible Steel Lacing Co.. 7313 Kohler Dr.. Barnhart. MO 63012 O'KEEFE.ARTHUR (MIKE). Operations Supt.-Captain Mine.Archol Illinois. Inc.. P.O. Box 308, Percy. II62272 OSHELL IV, CLINTON. Engr. Trnasmitton. Inc.. 1101 Parkway View Drive. Pittsburgh. PA 15205 OAKLEY. KENNETH W.. Sales. Fairmont SupplyCo., P.O. Box 1388. Mt. Vernon, IL 62864 OBERHELLMAN JR.. T. A.. V. Pres.. Mktg.. StephensAdamson. Inc.. Ridgeway Ave..Aurora, IL 60507 ODLE. HAROLD E..Salety 8 HealthMgr., Kerr-McGee CoalCorp..Galatia Mine. P.O. Box727, Harrisburg. IL62946 OETGEN, THOMAS L. (TOM). Pres.. Freesen. Inc., P.O. Box 350. Bluffs. IL62621 OFFUTT. ALBERT D. (BUD). Owner, Machine Masters Inc., P.O. Box 69. Mortons Gap, KY 42440 OLMSTED. DAVID. Sales Engr., DurexProductsof IN. Inc..814 W. Mulberry St.. Kokomo, IN 46901 ORLANDI. WILLIAM J., Gen. Mgr.. Carbon Coal Co., PO Box 481, Mentmore. NM 87319 OTT, DAVID J.. Sr. MiningEngineer. MontereyCoal Co.. P.O. Box496. Carlinville. IL62626 OTTEN. M.E.. Sales Rep. MOIL Tractor 8 Eqpt. Co.. Inc.. 5920 N Lindbergh Blvd.Hazolwood. MO 63042 OTTO. ROBERT . Sales Rep., Apache Hose 8 BeltingCo.. 2435 Rock Island Blvd..St. Louis. MO 63043 OYLER,JERRY,Warehouse Mgr., Peabody Coal Co., 100 E. Washington, Froeburg, IL 62243 'PACE, E. MINOR, (Ret.). Inland Steel Coal Co.. 700 Lake Park Dr.. Mt. Vernon. IL62864 PADDOCK JR.. FREDERICK W.. Reg. Mgr. Engr..Consolidation Coal Co.. 12755 Olive Blvd..St. Louis. MO 63141-6267 PAGLIAI. PAUL, Service Engr.. Dresser led.. 1600 Benton, Johnston City. IL 62957 PARKE, E. WAYNE. Sr. V. Pres. Operations. Old Ben Coal Co.. 200 Public Square, Cleveland. OH 44114 PARKER. NEAL M., V. Pres.. Archof Wyoming.P.O. Box 1070. Saratoga. WY82331 PARKINS. RICHARD S., Sr Pro], Engr.. Old Ben Coal Co., R.R. 2. Box 142, West Franklod. IL 62896 PARR, MICHAEL E., Exec. V.P., Parts 8 Services. Inc.. PO Box 475. Wayne City. IL62855 142 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

PASTOR. DENNIS. Dist. Sales Mgr., Hancor. Inc.. R.R.3, Box 392. Pana, IL 62557 PATE. ROBERT. Slate Mine Inspector, Dept. ol Mines &Minerals, RR#2. Harrisburg. IL 62946 PATTON, KENNETH R.. Gen. Mgr.. Mainline Power Products Co.. R.R. 4. Box 310. West Frankfort, IL 62896 PAWLITZ, KEN, , RPM/WarmanPumps, 135 W.Adams, St. Louis, MO63122 PAYNE, JOHN, SalesManager, R8 HService 8 Supply Co., R.R. 2, P.O. Box 250. Carlerville, IL 62918 PEARCE, GALE. Asst.TopSupervisor. OldBenCoalCo.. R.R.#1. Ewing. IL 62428 PECHOUS,JOHN, Sales, MSA.2237 OldJacksonville Rd.. Springfield,IL62704 PENSONEAU, TAYLOR, V. Pres.. ILCoal Association, 212 S. 2nd St.. Springfield. IL62701 PEPPERS. RUSSEL A.. Geologist. IL StateGeological Survey, 615E. Peabody Dr.. Champaign. IL 61820 PERDUE. AVERILL E„ Midwest Reg. Mgr.. Baker Mine Service. P.O. Box 711. Newburgh. IN 47630 PERKS. ALAN V.. Chief Electr.. Peabody Coal Co.,TSM Central Shop,R.R. 2. Box 85.Marissa. IL 62257 •PERRINE, NATE G.. Pres.(ReL), Nate PerrineSales Co.. RR3, Box 235. PARIS. IL 61944-9803 PERSINGER, EARL, Sales, Schroeder Brothers Corp., Box 72, McKees Rocks. PA 15136 PETERS, JOHN W., Sr. StaffEngr.. Kerr-McGeo CoalCorp.,P.O.Box 25861. Oklahoma City, OK 73126 PETERSON. PATRICK J.. Vent. Engr., FreemanUnited Coal Mining Co., PO Box 100,Wesl Frankfort, IL 62896 PETTER. ROBERT P.(BOB). V. Pres.. Gen. Mgr., Henry A. PetterSupplyCo., Box2350. Paducah. KY 42012-2350 PETTIT, LARRYG.. Sales. Mainline Power. Industrial Park Rd.. West Frankfort, IL62896 PFISTER. GREGA.. Mklg. Rep.. E. I. duPontde Nemours, 1804W. Walnut St., Marion, IL 62959 PHIFER. STEVEN O. Proj. Engr., Freeman United Coal Mining Co..605 E. Henry, Staunlon, IL 62088 PHILLIPS, T. L.. Industrial Rep.. Cummins MO. Inc.. 7210 HallSt.. Si. Louis. MO63147 PIATTI. JOHN. DISt. Sales Rep, MacwhyteCo., 2906 14th AVe., Kenosha, Wl 53151 PIERCE, DOUG.J8R Manufacturing Co., Rl.2. Box 173F,Bluelield, VA24605 PIERCE. FRANK. Asst.Mine Mgr.. Monterey CoalCo.-No. 2 Mine. Box94,Albers, IL 62269 PIERPOINT. CHARLES H„ Dist. Mgr.. Conn-WeldIndustries, Inc.. Rl. 1, Woodlawn, IL62898 PIKE. ROCKY, Kerr-McGee Coal Corp., P.O. Box 727, Harrisburg. IL62946 PISANESCHI, PETER R.. Engr.Adv.. MontereyCoal Co., P.O. Box94, Albers. IL 62215 PIXLER. ROBERT, Mgr. Spec. Proj. 8 Develop..ArchMineralCorp., P.O. Box 308, Percy, IL62272 PLETKA. CHARLES S., Owner. C.S. (Chuck) Pletka 8 Assoc, 202 S. Sluyvesanl. Benton, IL 62812 .POLING. GILBERT. Pres., Evansville Electric. Inc., 600 W. Eichel, Evansville, IN 47707 POLITO. MARCO A.. V.P. Sales. B. P.Tracy Co. (Div. Washington Mould).Madison 8 Green Ave.. Washington. PA 15301 POLLACK. TOM, Owner 8 President. Associated Supply Co.. 200 S. Taft St.. West Frankfort. IL 62896 POND. ROBERT A.. SALES. Frontier-Kemper Constructors. Inc., P.O. Box 6548. Evansville. IN 47712 POND. ROBERTA.,Sales. Frontier Kemper Construct.. Inc.. P.O. Box6548. Evansville, IN47712 POOR. BOB L . Sales. Du Quoin Iron Supply Co.. Box 181, Du Quoin. IL62832 POPP. JOHN T„ Manager, Geology. NERCOCoal Co., 2043 Woodland Pkwy #300. Si. Louis. MO 63146-4277 POWELL. LARRY, Supervisory Geologist, U.S. Bureau of Mines, 5629 Minnehaha Ave.S.. Minneapolis, MN55417 PRESLER. DONALD P.,Sales Rep., Obenuergo Rubber Co.. P.O. Box 519, Si. Louis. MO.63166 PRESSETT. ROBERT, Staff Engineer. Kerr-McGeo Coal Corp.. P.O. Box727, Harrisburg, IL62946 PRICE. JOHN D., Maintenance Foreman. Peabody Coal Co., R.R. 2. Box 166. Coulterville. IL 62237 PRICE. TIM.Inside Sales. P.O. Box 285, Calvert. City. KY42029 PRITCHARD. MICHAEL. Engr.. Mine 21. Old Ben Coal Co.. R.R. #4. Box 267A. Benton, IL62812 PRITCHETT. RODNEY R.. Sales Rep.. Ocenco, Inc.. P.O. Box 44. Goreville. IL62939 PRUNTY.JAMES C. Sales Mgr.. Tabor Machine Co . 1019 Southgate Dr.. Apt 3A. Ml. Vernon. IL 62864 MEMBERS 143

PRUNTY JR.. M. E„ Exec. V. Pres.. Roberts & Schaelei Co.. 120 S. Riverside Plz.. Suile 500. Chicago. IL60606 PTASNIK.LEE. Pres.. Mine 8 Process Service. Inc., P.O. Box 484. Kewanee. IL61443 PUCKETT, RANDY Sales. Lebco. Inc.. Highway 14 E.. Benton. IL62812 PUKALL. CRAIG. Dist Sales Mgr.. Maralhon Industries, Inc.. 1110 Casey Street. ML Vernon. IL 62864 PUNTNEY DOYLE. President. Des Peres Coal. 844 Plymouth Rock. Des Peres. MO 63131 OUENON. ROBERT H . Pres.. Peabody Holding Co.. Inc.. 301 N Memorial. St. Louis. MO63102 OUERTERMOUS. NORMAN. Gen. Maint. Supv. Mine 26. Old Ben Coal Co.. Box 1005. Creal Springs. IL62922 QUINN. JOHN P. Sales Rep.. Mine Safety Appliances Co., 703 S. Wall 311. Carbondale. IL62901 RAJARAM. DR. V. Pres.. Midwest Engineers. Inc., 3149 Venard Rd.. Downers Grove. IL60515 RAMER. RALPH W„ Pres., Screenco. Inc.. 3003 Brainard Rd.. Pepperpike. OH 44124 RAMEY BARRY Warehouse Supv. Consolidation Coal Co.. RR 5. Box 328. McLeansboro. IL 62859 RAMSEY DANNY R., Mine Mgr. Mine26. Old Ben Coal Co.. RR. #2. Box 127. West Frankfort. IL 62896 REA,RICHARD. Sr. Coal Prep Engr.,Old Ben Coal Co.. 500 N. Du Quoin St.. Benton. IL62812 READY. DALE, Owner, Ready Drilling Co.. RR. 1. Box 201B. Mason. IL62443 REED. CHARLES E. (CHUCK). V. Pres.. Kerco. Inc.. P.O. Drawer 665, Madisonville. KY 42431 REED. KERT E , Secy -Treas . Kerco. Inc.. PO Drawer 665. Madisonville. KY42431 REED. STEPHEN R , Mgr. Plant Operations 8 Eng.. KerrMcGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727. Harnsburg, IL62946 REES. BEN H . Sales. Rees Mine Supply Sales, Inc.. P.O. Box 296. Du Quoin. IL62832 REEVES, PHILLIP G.. Mgr. Resource Acq. 8 Eval.. KerrMcGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 25861. Oklahoma City. OK 73125 REICHERT, LINDA, Pres.. TriSlate Mine Supply. PO Box 732. Marion, IL62959 REIDELBERGER. JIM. Mlg. Rep.. IndustrialPower Transmission. 1360 S. 5th St.. #310. St. Chades. MO 63301-2447 REILLY. MICHAEL K., Pres. 8 CEO, ZoiglorCoal Co . 331 Salem Place. FairviewHeights, IL62208 REIMER, BOB.Sales Rep.. Fabick Machinery Co.. Box 760. Marion. IL 62959 REINERTSEN, DAVID L.. Geologist. IL State Geological Survey. 615 E. Peabody Dr.,Champaign, IL 61820 REISINGER, DICK, Industrial Engr.. Peabody CoalCo.-ILDiv.. P.O. Box14495.St. Louis, MO 63178 REITH. CHARLESG. (CHUCK). Superv. Purchasing Off. Serv.. TurrisCoal Co.. P.O. Box 21. Elkhart, IL62634 REQUARTH, DAVID L..Sr. Proiecl Engr.. Peabody Coal Co., R R. 2, Box 17. Edinburg. IL 62531 RESNIK, WILLIAM 1... Sales Rep., Birmingham Bolt Co Marion Div., 819 Skyline Dr., Marion. IL 62959 REYNOLDS, E. GLEN. Maim. Mgr. AMAX Coal Co., P.O. Box E. Harnsburg. IL62946 REYNOLDS. JACK E . Oulside Sales, Illinois Bearing Co., 1620 Hubbard Ave., Decatur, IL62526 REYNOLDS, MARK, Regional Mgr., Georgia Duck 8 Cordage Mill, 1121 Auburn Lane. Buffalo Grove. IL 60089 RHINE, CHARLESR.. Shop Foreman, Freeman UnitedCoal Mining Co., RR 1. Farmersville, IL 62533 RHODES. JOHN T.. Div. Mgr.. GauleySales Co.. 807 W. 11th St.. Johnston City, IL 62951 RHODES. PAT. Sales. Kerco. Inc.. P.O. Drawer 665. Madisonville, KY42431 RHYE. WAYNE, Gen. Supl , White CountyCoalCo.. P.O. Box62. Providence. KY 42450 RICE, CHARLES G.. Pres.. RiceSupplyCo.. 504 S. Emma, Christopher. IL 62822 RICE. FRED, Consultant, Peabody CoalCo.. R.R.4. Box 114A. Beaver Dam.KY 42320 RICE. NEIL D., Dragline Trng. Instr., Southern IL Umv.-Carbondale, Coal Research Center. Carbondale. IL 62901 RICH. THOMAS L.. Production Engr.. OldBen CoalCo.. Rt. 7. Box184. Marion. IL 62959 RICHARDS, GARY W..Sales Engr.. Hydraulics, Inc..Mine Road. Nashville. IL 62263 RICHEY GREG. Safely Tech..Sahara CoalCo.. Inc.,PO Box330, Harrisburg. IL 62946 RICHNER. JERRY Salesman. Bethlehem WireRope. 8400 Stonegate Dr.. Newburgh. IN47630 RICHTER. LANNYLEE.Mgr.Mng. Engrg.. Old Ben Coal Co . PO. Box 388,Benton. IL 62812 144 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

RIGDON. BOB, Sales Manager. Flanders Electric ol Illinois, 1000 N. Court St., Marion. II62959 RIGGS, LLOYD E.. MainL. AMAX Coal Co.. Box 144, Keensburg, IL62852 RINEHART, DAVID R.. Electrical Supv., AMAX Coal Co., R.R. 2. Box 295, Elberfeld. IN 47613 ROACH, DAVE,Sales. Jeffrey Manufacluring Div„207 E. Elm. Gillespie. IL62033 ROBBINS. DENNIS. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp., P.O. Box 727, Harrisburg, IL62946 ROBBINS, JACK. MainL DopL, Kerr-McGee Coal Corp., P.O. Box 727, Harrisburg. IL62946 ROBERSON, EVELYN. Traffic Supv.-IL. OldBen Coal Co.. RR 1. Box254. Sesser. IL62884 ROBERSON. ROD. Top Supervisor, Mine 26. Old Bon Coal Co.. RR 1, Box 254. Sesser, IL62884 •ROBERTS. E. H„ Mgr.. Mines (Ret.), Inland Sfeel Coal Co.. 6 Lincoln Drive, ML Vernon. IL62864 ROBINSON, DENNY,Chief Electrician, Peabody Coal Co.. R.R. 2. Box 213, Freeburg. IL62243 ROBINSON. LEROY. Slate Inspector. Depl. of Mines 8 Minerals, R.R. 1, Box 289, Carterville. IL 62918 ROGERS. FAYLON R.. Sales Mgr.. Erb Equipment Co.. 110 S. 45th St., Ml. Vernon, IL62864 ROGERS. FRANCINE, Superv Comm Rel. 8 Govt. Aff.. Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. P.O. Box 100, West Franklin. IL 62896 ROGERS. PHIL. Fuel Buyer. Illinois Power Co.. 500 S. 271h St., Decatur, IL62525 ROHDE. C. M. (CHUCK). Dist. Mgr.. Continental Conveyor 8 Equip. Co.. 1718 Broadway. Ml. Vernon, IL 62864 ROLAND. RAYMOND E., Gen. Mgr., Roland MachineryCo., Box2879. 816 N. Dirksen Pky., Springfield. IL62708 ROLAND.W. D„ Mc Junkin Corp.. 802 S. Adams. Henderson. KY42490 ROLL. JOHN L., Mgr. Reclamation 8 Permits. Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. Box 570. Canton, IL 61520 ROLLINSON, JANE PHEE. Vice Pres.. Central Petroleum Co., 100 W. Main. Box 54. Salem. IL 62881 ROPER. ROGER D.. Supt., Murdock Mine. Zeigler Coal Co.. P.O. Box 73, Murdock, IL61941 ROSEN. JIM, Rep., Susman Wiping MaterialsCo.. 420 E. De Soto Ave..St. Louis. MO63147 ROSEN. MARK, Pres.. Susman Wiping Materials Co.. 420 E. De Soto Ave.,St. Louis. MO63147 ROSS. ROBERT W„ Sales Rep., Viking Chain Co.. Box 526, Palos Hts.. IL 60463 ROSS, WALTER.Branch Mgr.. MO-ILTractor Co.. 1601 E. DeYoung. Marion, IL62959 ROTHLUEBBERS. ROBERT. Application Engr..C. L.Smith, P.O. Box 490, Newburgh, IN47630 ROWE, LANDONC. Asst. Mine Mgr.. Consolidated Coal Co.. 712 S. 34th St.. MLVernon. IL62864 ROWLAND. STEVE S„ Mine Supt.. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp., Galatia Mine. P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL 62946 RUBY, PAMELA, Buyer.ZeiglerCoal Co.. 331 Salem Place, Fairviow Heights, IL62208 RUCH. RODNEY R„ Chemist, IL State Geological Survey. 615 E. Peabody Dr., Champaign. IL 61820 RUDE. RICHARD E., Chief MineMgr.. Peabody Coal Co., R.R.B1. Box 498, Coulterville. IL 62237 RUDZINSKI. JOE. Preparation Sales. Tabor Machine Co.. 3037 Bluewell Station, Bluelield, WV 24701 RUE, ORLIE J.. Div.Ind. Engr.. Central Illinois Public Service Co., 1800 W. Main St.. Marion. IL 62959 RUFENBARGER. STEPHEN. President. Peabody ABC Corp., Box 77. Warsaw. IN46580 RUFF, L. LEON. 1329 Medinah CL. Winter Park, FL 32792 RYAN. PATRICK M.. Dm.Loss Prevention 8 Trng..AMAX Coal Co., P.O. Box 967. Indianapolis. IN 46206 ••RYAN JR.. J. T. Chairman of Board, Mine SafetyAppliances Co., PO Box426. Pittsburgh. PA 15230 SADLER, THOMAS B.. (Rel.). R.R. 2, Benton, IL62812 SAILLIEZ. GASTON. Warehouse. TruckDriver, V. R.-Wesson Div.. Fansleel. Inc., 408 W. St. Louis St., West Frankfort. IL62896 SANDERS. KEN, Mgr.-Mining Sales. Penn MachineCo.. 106 Station St., Johnstown, PA15905 SANDUSKY. EARL E.. Field Rep.,Joy Manufacturing Co., Box 73. Benton. IL 62812 SANTEN, PAT. Sales Mgr.. Columbia Quarry Co.. P.O. Box 128. Columbia. IL 62236 SARVER. CLARENCE. Pres..SarcoMining Industry Semico. Inc.. R.R. 1. Box 121A. Litchfield. IL 62056 SAWYER. THOMAS H.. Tom Sawyer Electrical Sales. P.O. Box921, Marion. IL 62959 SCHAFER. ELMER E.. Sales Rep.. Fairmont Supply Co.. P.O. Box 1388,ML Vernon. IL 62864 ME MB ERS 145

SCHAIBLE. DONALD L..President.Coal Industry Consultants. Inc..PO. Box3090. Naperville. IL 60566 SCHLEMBACH. JAMES, Staff Operations Analyst.MontereyCoal Co.. P.O. Box 496. Carlinville. IL 62626 SCHMITZ. GARY L. Old Ben Coal Co.. 6102 Locusl Dr.. Evansville. IN 47711 SCHNAKE, J. STEVE, Chief Mng.Engr., ZeiglerCoal Co.. P.O Box 547. Coullerville. IL62237 SCHOBY, SR„ LLOYD, Tan. Ram Driver. Turris CoalCo.,91 Delmar, Springfield. IL 62704 "♦SCHONTHAL. JOSEPH, Pres.. J. Schonlhal &Associales. Inc.. 1007 Church St.. Evanston, IL 60201 SCHONTHAL JR.. JOSEPH, Sales, J. Schonlhal 8 Associales. Inc., 1007 Church St. Evanston, IL 60201 SCHRECKENGOST, E. D.,Owner.SchreckengostS Assocs.. 443 Knollcrest Dr., Galesburg, IL 61401 SCHUBA. RICHARD S., V.Pres. Sales 8 Mktg..Conn-WoldIndustries, Inc., P.O. Box 5329. Princeton. WV 24740-5329 ♦SCHUBERT. R. R.. Vigor &Billings (in care ot). P.O. Box 1239. Ashland. KY41101 SCHUSTER, REINHARD M., Director. Mkt. Res.. Peabody Development Co.. 200 Broadway. Suite 1200. St. Louis, MO 63102 SCHWIEDER. JERRY. Dir. ot Sales Admin., Zeigler CoalCo.,331 Salem Place. Fairview Heights, IL 62208 SCOTT, JAMES J„ President. Scott Mts., Inc.. HCR 33, Box 36. Rolla. MO 65401 SEAL. MICHAEL. Mgr.. BPB Instruments. Inc.. Box 715. Evansville. IN47705 SEEGMILLER. BEN. Professional Engr., Western Support systems. 143 S. 400 East. Salt Lake City. UT 84111 SEEGMILLER. MARILYN. V.P.,Western Support Systems. 143 South 400 E.. Sail Lake City. UT 84111 SEXTON, JOHN L.. Associate Prof.-Geophysics, Southern IllinoisUniversity. Department ot Geology. Carbondale. IL62901 SHANKS. BILL.Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. PO Box 727. Harnsburg, IL62946 SHANKS. WILLIAM H., Mgr. of Maintenance, Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL 62946 SHARP. STEPHEN E.. Supt., Arch of Illinois, Route 4. Benton. IL62812 SHAW. MICHAELS., Dist. Sales Mgr., Peabody Coal Co.. 50 Jerome Lane. Fairview Heights. IL 62208 SHELLEDY, ROSS E., Sr. Proj. Engr., Peabody Coal Co.. PO Box 14495. St. Louis, MO 63178 SHERWOOD. L. WILLIAM. V.P.Sales 8 Mktg.. St. Lawrence Steel Corp., PO Box 426. Twinsburg. OH 44087 SHIELDS JR., MARVIN, Chiel Engr.. Tabor Machine Co., Box 3037, Bluewoll Station. Bluefield, WV 24701 ♦SHIMKUS. ERVIN L.. Safely Mgr., Peabody Coal Co., 30 Bel Rue. Belleville. IL62221 ♦SHIMKUS. TONY,Legal Dept.. Peabody Coal Co.. 111 While Dr., Marissa, IL62257 SHOCKLEY, RICHARD R.. Direclor, Depl. of Mines 8 Minerals. 704 W. G. Slralton Bldg.. Springfield, IL62705 SHOCKLEY, V. W. (RED), Sales 8 Serv.. Cincinnati Mine Machine Co.. Box 711. Benton, IL62812 SHORAGA. DAN. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL62946 SHORT. GAYLORD.Sales Mgr.. Fansleel Inc.. V.R./Wesson, P.O. Box 11399. Lexington. KY40575 SHUMATESR.. MACK H„ Sr. V. P./Engr. 8 Plan (Ret.). Zeigler Coal Co.. 6425 Longmeadow. Lincolnwood. IL 60646 SIEMSGLUSZ. MARYE.. Mine Egr.. Peabody Coal Co . P.O. Box 1000. Carrier Mills. IL62917 SIGMON, RICHARD. Maint Supv UG. Mine 21, Old Ben Coal Co.. Box 1633. Ml. Vernon. IL62854 SIGMUND. DALE E. Pres.. Sligo. Inc.. Box 171. 140 E. Prairie Ave..St. Louis, MO63166 SIKORA. ALVIN. President. East Side Patterns Engr. 10449 Avenue N. Chicago. IL60617 SIKORA. MIKE. Field Rep.. East Side Pattern 8 Engr.. 10449Ave N'. Chicago. IL60617 SIKORA. TONY. Field Rep.. East Side Pattern 8 Engr.. 10449 Ave. "N", Chicago, IL60617 SILER, P. RON, V. P.,Engrg. 8 Plan.. MAPCO Coals. Inc., 2365 Harrodsburg Rd.. Suite B250. Lexington. KY 40504 SILEVEN, HARRISON. State Mine Inspector. Depl. of Mines 8 Minerals. 704 Stale Office Bldg., Springfield. IL62705 146 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

SILLIMAN. BOBBY. Plant Foreman, A. L. Lee Corporation, PO Box 2370, Mt. Vernon. IL62864 SILVERMAN, MARC S„ Mgr.-Geologic Services, Peabody Development Co.. 301 N. Memorial Dr., Si. Louis, MO 63102 SILVEY. NORMAN. VP, R8H Service & Supply, P.O. Box 250. Carterville. IL62918 SIMMONS. GREGG, Sales, Century Oils, Inc.. 501 N. Carbon St.. Marion,IL62959 SIMMONS, JOE, OlliceMgr., Sahara CoalCo., Inc.,P.O. Box330, Harrisburg. IL 62946 SIMMONS, STEVE, Controller. Mainline Power Products Co., Inc., P.O. Box 306. West Frankfort, IL 62896 •SIMON. JACK A„(Ret.), IL State Geological Survey, 615 E. Peabody Dr.. Champaign. IL 61820 SIMPSON, JIM. Material Control Mgr., A.L. LeeCorporation. P.O.Box 2370, Mt. Vernon, IL 62864 SIMPSON, RANDAL S.. AMAX Coal Co., P.O. Box E. Harrisburg, IL62946 SINGH. MADAN M„ Pres.. EngineersInternational. Inc.,98 E. Naperville Rd.,Westmont. IL 60559- 1595 SINK,BARRY F. Pro). Engr..Old Ben Coal Co.. 500 N. DuQuoinSt.. Benton, IL62812 SIRTAK. ROBERT. Technical Engineer. Chem Link. One SaltCreek Lane.Hinsdale, IL 60521 SKAGGS, CHARLES. Engr.. White County CoalCorp..P.O. Box457. Carmi. IL 62821 SKINNER. GARY. Lead Mine Mgr.. Mine 26. OldBenCoalCo.. 206 W.6th St.. West Franktort. IL 62896 SKINNER. JOHN. Sales. The MineSupply Co.. PO Box 2220. Mt.Vernon. IL62864 SLACK. CLAYTON P. Pres.. CLUES Corp., P.O. Box 3655. Carbondale. IL62902 SLOAN. WALTER E.. CincinnatiMine Machinery Co.. 2980 Spring Grove Ave., Cincinnati. OH 45225 SLYGH, PHILIP L., V. Pres. Sales, AjaxEngineering Corp., P.O. Box409, Shawneetown, IL62984 SMART, MICHAEL, MineSupt.-Spartan Mine.Zeigler Coal Co.. P.O. Box 1. Spana, IL62286 SMAY. BYRON K.. Disl.Sales Mgr.. BolidenAllis. Inc.. 400 Chesterfield Center, Suite 400. Chesterfield, MO 63017 SMITH. CECIL. Mamt. Supl.. Mine 21. Old Ben Coal Co.. P.O. Box 420, Benton, IL62812 SMITH. HOWARD. Product Support Rep.. Fabick Machinery Co., P.O. Box 760, Marion. IL62959 SMITH. JIM, Mgr., BiSlate Machinery. 4303 Bistate Industrial Dr..St. Louis, MO63128-1913 SMITH. KENNETH H.. Master Mechanic, Peabody Coal Co.. 9 Fairfax Dr..Harrisburg. IL 62946 SMITH. KIRBY, Supt. Mamt., Mine 21. Old Ben Coal Co.. R.R.4. Benton. IL62812 SMITH. LARRY E., Sales. Kennametal, 207 S. Victor St.. Christropher. IL62822 SMITH. NORMAN S.. Prol.. University Of Missouri-Rolla. Dept. ot Mining Engr.. Rolla. MO65401 SMITH. ROBERT Z.. Sales Dir. Ventilation Pro.. Peabody ABC Corp.. P.O. Box 77. Warsaw, IN 46580 SMITH. SONNY, President. S&S Distributors. P.O. Box 186. Farina. IL 62838 SMITH. STEVEN A., Pres.. Truck & Mine Supply Co. Inc.. P.O. Box 4438. Evansville, IN 47711 SMITH, WILLIAM S.. (Ret.), Peabody Coal Co.. 1400 Waverly. Collinsville. IL62234 SNEED. DARRELL. Sales. National Mine Service Co.. P.O. Box 1766. Mt. Vernon. IL 62864 SNEED. DWIGHT L. Sales Engr., A. L. Lee Corporation. P.O. Box 2370, Mt. Vernon. IL62864 SNEED, LINDELL A.. Project Engr. Undgr,, Old Ben Coal Co., RR 4, Box 218A, Benton. IL62812 SNYDER. DUKE. Dist. Mgr.. Hydraulics, Inc., P.O. Box 191. Nashville. IL62263 SNYDER. FRANK B„ Mgr. Employee Relations, Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. PO. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL 62946 SNYDER, R. O. Midwestern Sales Mgr., Anderson Power Products, 5901 N. Cicoro Ave.. Suile 505. Chicago, IL60646 SOBEL. BRENDA, , Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL62946 SONOSKEY. DIANE H.. Engineer. Monterey Coal Co.. P.O. Box 496. Cadinville. IL62626 SORRELL. SHERWOOD W.. Dir.-Engrg., ILDiv.. Peabody Coal Co.. 201 Joseph Dr..Fairview Heights. IL62208 SOUTHERS. ERNIE. Mgr. ol Marketing. W. M. Hales Co.. P.O. Box 734. Madisonville. KY42431 SOWELL. JERRY.Sales. DaycoCo.. 538 MarySt.. Apt.2. Collinsville, IL62234 SPANI. EUGENE. Sales Mgr., Towers Minetool. Inc.. Box 133. Christopher. IL62822 SPEARS. BENT, Dir. Human Resources. MAPCOCoal. Inc.. P.O. Box 911. Henderson, KY42420 SPENCER. JIM. Sales Engr.. General Electric Co.. 207 Dartmount Dr..O'Fallon. IL62269 SPILLER. L. W . Section Mgr Mine 21. Old Ben Coal Co.. 717 Airport Rd.. Mt. Vernon. IL62864 SPILLMAN. R. MERV.Mine Supt. Mine 26, Old Ben Coal Co.. P.O. Box 534. Benton, IL62812 SPIVEY. JOSEPH S.. Pres.. ILCoal Assocation, 212 S. 2nd St.. Springfield, IL 62701 MEMBERS 147

SPOKES. ERNEST M.. Prof. Ementus. University of MO. Rolla. School ol Mines &Metallurgy. Rolla. MO 65401 SPOTTE. WALTER V.. Pres.. Lincoln Equip. Co.. 20Museum Rd.. Washington, PA 15301 SPROULS. MARK W.. Editor. Coal Magazine. 29 North Wacker Dr.. Chicago. IL 60606 STAFFORD. PHILLIP. Sup!., Peabody Coal Co., R. R.. Stonelort. IL 62987 STAGNER. CLARK. Marketing Mgr.. Boyd Brothers. Inc..PO Box 347. Sesser. IL 62884 STANFIELD. JOSEPH E.. Pres.. Gen. Mgr.. Watt Car and WheelCo., Box 71. Bamesville OH 43713 STEARNS. HOWARD. Instr.. Wabash Valley College, Coal Mining Tech.. Caderville. IL 62918 STEELE, DEREK JOHN. Partner, Dames 8 Moore. 644 Linn St.. Suite 501. Cincinnati. OH45203 STEELE, TOMMY JOE. Safety Dir., White CounlyCoalCo . Box 152.Carmi. IL 62821 STEELE, TROY T. Training Spec, Monterey CoalCo., P.O. Box 496. Carlinville. IL 62626 STEFFEN. JOHN R.. Mgr., National Accounts, El Dorado Chemical. Inc.. 103 Edgewood Park, Marion. IL 62959 STEINKE. MICHAEL P.,Senior Buyer. OldBen CoalCo.,816 Linden. Ml Vernon, IL 62864 STEINMETZ, JACK. Section Mgr., Mine 21. OldBenCoalCo.. R.R. 112, Box459. West Frankfort, IL 62896 STERNER. ROBERT M., Mng. Engr.. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp., P.O. Box 727. Harnsburg, IL 62946 STEWART. DONALD E.. V. Pres.. Purchasing, Freeman United Coal Mining Co.. 222N. La Salle St.. Chicago, IL60606 STEWART. JAMES R..Sales. S 8 S Urethane. Inc.. Box 234. Royallon. IL 62983 STEWART. WAYNE. Mgr. Central Shop. Old Bon Coal Co., 1205 Eads. Benton, II 62812 STILLEY. RICHARD, Reg. Sales Mgr. CenturyOils,Century Hulbort. PO Box 161.Marion. IL 62959 STOFFT. JOHN. Sales Engr.. St. Lawrence Steel.5466 W. Sherwood Dr.. Newburgh. IN 47630 STOKER.STEVEN.Area Mgr.. Hewitt-Robins. 9920 Walson Rd.. Suite 205. Crestwood. MO63126 STONE. ELMER. Prep. Coord..Guyan Machinery Co , PO Box 150.Chapmanville. WV 25508-0150 STORMS. ELLIS C, Sr Engineer. ARMCO-Umon Wire Rope. 2100Manchester. KansasCily. MO 64136 STOUT. 8UFORD. Purchasing Supv.. Old Ben Coal Co.. 500 N. DuQuoinSi, Benton. IL62812- 0659 STRAEFFER. CHARLES. President. Straeffer Sales. Box 5262, Evansville, IN 47715 STRATTON. JOHN D.. Purchasing. Du Ouoin Iron 8 Supply Co., P.O Box 181. Du Quoin, IL62832 STRITZEL. DAVE. Dir.-Health 8 Safety, Zeigler Coal Co.. P.O Box 547. Coulterville. IL 62237 STROSINSKI. MICHAEL. Safety Engr.. Pan AmWorldServicesLANL. 2823 Cammo Principe. Santa Fe, New Mexico 87505 SULLIVAN. BILL. Salesman, Hocker Power Brake. P.O. Box 117, Evansville. IN 47701 SURTEES, RANDY. Senior Buyer, Kerr-McGee Coal Co.. P.O. Box 25861, Oklahoma City. OK 73125 SUTTON. TOMMY L, Mining Sales Engr., Camber, P.O Box4109, Evansville, IN 47711 SUTTON. WARD J., Mgr. Inventory Control. OldBen CoalCo., 1420E. Dogwood Rd..Carbondale. IL 62901 SWAN. STEVE, Mining Engr., U.S. BureauofMines, 5629 MinnehahaAve. S.. Minneapolis. MN 55417 SWEIGARD. RICHARD J., Asst. Prof.. Southern IL Univ.-Carbondale, Depl.of Mining Engr., Carbondale. IL 62901 SWIFT, RICHARD, Sales Eng.. Areo-Quip Corp.. 925 Douglas St.. Alton. IL62002 SWINGLE. DOROTHY J.. Purchasing Supv.. AMAX Coal Co.. Wabash Mine. P.O. Box 144, Keensburg. IL62852 SYKES.JAMES T. Sales Mgr.. Mining Progress Inc.. 1809 Testa Dr. Marion.IL62959 TABOR, HOLLIS. Pres.. Norns Screen 8 Mfg.. 614 S. Wickham Ave . Princeton, WV 24740 TABOR. LINDY V.. Pres.. Tabor Machine Co.. Box 3037. Bluewell Station. Bluelield. WV 24701 TAIPALE, VICTOR K.. Consultant. Viclor K. Taipale Conveyor Belt 8 Systems. 2898 Bancroft Rd.. Fairlawn. OH 44313 TANNER. RICK, Sales Rep. Rudd Equipment Co.. P.O. Box 3935. Evansville. IN 47737 TANNETT, OLIVER. Product Engineer. Wire Rope Corp. of America, Inc.. 609 N 2nd St.. Box 288. St. Joseph. MO 64502 TARLETON. GEO J.. Mgr. ol Operations. Tn-State Mamt 8 Rpr. P.O. Box 1388. Ml. Vernon, IL 62864 148 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

TAUCHER. R. A.. (Ret.). Consolidation Coal Co., 20Patton Dr., Pinckneyville, IL 62274 TAYLOR. DAVID L.. Purchasing Mgr.. Poabody Coal Co., 50Jerome Ln., Fairview Heights, IL 62208 TAYLOR, JERRY T„ Co-owner, Taylor-Atkinson Engr., P.O. Box 964,Ml. Vernon, IL 62864 TAYLOR, JIM B., Special Account Mgr., Continental Conveyor 8 Equip. Co.. Box 400. Wintield, AL 35594 TAYLOR, WILLIAM O. VP-Sales 8 Mklg , Jeffrey Chain Corp., 2307 Maden Dr.. Morrislown. TN 37813 TAYLOR III, LLOYD W„ Midwest Div. Mgr., Commercial Testing 8 Engineering Co., P.O. Box 752. Henderson. KY 42420 TEAGUE. DON. Sales. Kerco. Inc.. P.O. Drawer 665, Madisonville, KY42431 TEAL. JAMES. Mine SupL.Sahara CoalCo., Inc.,P.O. Box330, Harrisburg, IL 62946 TEASDALE, DONALD R.,Reg. Sales, Bethlehem Wire Rope. Bethlehem SteelCorp., 3630 Coffee TreeCL. St. Louis. MO 63129 TETI, JOHN J., Consultant, Battery Transport 8 Engr., P.O. Box 756, Sallville, VA 24370 THOMPSON, ALBERT C, Project Engr., Consolidation Coal Co.. 35 Mocking Bird lane.Carterville. IL 62918 THOMPSON, MARVIN D„ Sr. Geologist. AMAX Coal Co., 251 N. Illinois St, P.O. Box 967, Indianapolis. IN 46206 THOMSON, MICHAEL L„ Mktg. Rep.,Celtito. Inc.,906 E. Illinois, Marion. IL 62959 TILLSON JR., CHARLES B.. Consultant. 1920 SE 32nd Terr., Cape Coral. FL33904-4429 TOMIC. RANDALL J., Proj. Engr. Undgr., Old BenCoal Co., 500N. Du Quoin St.. Benton. IL 62812 TOWERS, RICK, V. Pres., Towers Mine Tool. Inc.. Box 133, Christopher. IL62822 TOWERS, TOM, Pres.. Towers Mine Tool. Inc., Box 133. Christopher, IL62822 TRASK, C. BRIAN, Assoc. Geologist. IL SlateGeological Survey. 615 E. Peabody Dr.. Champaign, IL 61820 TRAVELSTEAD, CHARLES, Mine Manager. CarlerMining Co., 1013S. Pioneer. Gillette. WY 82716 TRAYLOR, DAVID. Electrical Foreman, ConsolidationCoal Co., 8 E. Water, Pinchneyville,IL62274 TRAYLOR. ROYCE K„ Mgr. Midwest. Sales,Old BenCoal Co., R.R. 3, Oakland City, IN 47560 TRUSTY. DEAN, Maint. Supv. Shop. OldBenCoalCo.,900 S. Cherry, West Franklort, IL 62896 TUCKER, DEMPSEY, Chief Electrician,Peabody Coal Co.. RR3, Box84, Benton, IL62812-9322 TUCKER, JOHN B., Mgr., So. Div., Econex, Inc., 3020 MedleyRd„ Owensboro, KY 42301 TUPPER. LESTER H, Technical Sales Engr.. Jennmar Corp.,Rt.4. Box 290. ML Vernon, IL 62864 TURBEVILLE. ROBERT M.. V.P., Heyl 8 Patterson, Inc., Box 36, 250 ParkWest Dr.. Pittsburgh. PA 15230 TURNER. EDWARD J.. Sr. Sales Engr., Dresser Industries. P.O.Box 4161. Chesterfield, MO 63006 TURNER. JAMES E.. Sales. American Mine Tool Co.. R.R. 1, Box 9A, Christopher, IL 62822 TURNER. NICK, Mgr. Elect. Maint. Engr.. OldBenCoalCo.. 500 N. DuQuoinSt.. Benton. IL 62812 TURNER, WILLIAM. ChainRep., W. M. Hales Co.. P.O. Box368. West Franklort, IL 62896 TURREL, JOHN D., V.P., Hydrocarbon Survey, R.R. 2, Box 238. ML Vernon, IL62864 UGO. JOHN A., Sales. Coldwell 8 Co., Inc.. Box 42, Terre Haute, IN 47808 URBANCIC, JOHN J., Dir., Purchasing, Freeman United Coal Mining Co., 222 N. LaSalleSt., Chicago, IL60606 URTSO . LEONARD R., Pres., A. L Lee Corporation, P. O. Box 2370, Ml. Vernon, IL62864 UTGAARD, JOHN. Prot. ot Geology.Southern Illinois University, Department ol Geology, Carbondale. IL 62901 VALETT. GENE L„ Staff Geologist, Mornson-KnudsenEngineers. P.O. Box 79, Boise. ID83729 VAN DEMAN.JOSEPH A.. Sales Rep.. FMC Corp., M.H.E. Div..4 Spencer Valley Ct.. St. Peters. MO 63376 VAN DERVEER, RICHARD A.. Exec. VP. Ocenco, Inc.. Rt. 22 East. PO Box 7. Blairsville, PA 15717 VARGO, R. L.. Gen. Sales Mgr.. NalionalMineService Co., 600 N. BellAve., Carnegie, PA15106 VERCELLINO. STEPHEN, Mine SupL, Mine 24, Old Ben Coal Co.. RR 1, Box 44A, Mulkeytown, IL 62865 VOGEL, CHARLES. Sales, Rice Supply Co., 504 S. Emma, Christopher, IL62822 WALDEN, FRED E.. Sales, DOI Supply Co., P.O. Box 481. Taylorvillo, IL62568 WALKER, DALE E„ V. Pres. Oprs. Surface Mines, Freeman United Coal Mining Co., Box 570, Canton, IL 61520 ♦WALKER. HAROLD L.. 2110 Belmore Ct., Champaign. IL61820 WALKER, ROBERT, State Mine Inspector, Dept. ot Mines 8 Minerals, 305 E Raymond, Harrisburg. IL 62946 MEMBERS 149

WALLACE. HARVEY. Supl. Maint., Mine 26. Old Ben Coal Co.. 601 E. Clark St., West Franklorl. IL 62896 WALLACE. SCOTT. Mam!. Supv.. Mine 24. Old Ben Coal Co.. Rt. S2. Box 39. West Franklorl. IL 62896 WALSH. RICHARD G.. Plant Manager. Bixby-Zimmer DivVW.S. Tyler. P.O. Box 510. Galesburg. IL 614020510 WALTERS. DEAN F.. Surface Mgr.. Freeman United Coal MiningCo., 316 Harrington. Carlmville. IL 62626 WARD. JAMES H . Supv. Acclng S Admn Svcs.. Old Ben Coal Co.. 1205 E. Cleveland. West Franktort. IL 62896 WARD. TERRY. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL62946 WARDJR, JIM, Pres.. Ward Oil Co.. P.O. Box 112. Springfield, IL62705 WATKINS, JERRY,Purchasing Mgr. While County Coal Co.. P.O. Box 457. Carmi. IL 62821 .WEARLY,WILLIAM L.. Chairman of Board. Ingersoll-Rand Co., Woodclill Lake. NJ 07675 WEAVER. CHRIS A.. Engineer. Monterey Coal Co.. P.O. Box 94, Albers, IL62215 WEAVER. RONALD B., Sales Rep . Peabody ABC Corp.. Rl. 2, Box 422, Greenville. KY 42345 WEAVER, TIM. Sales Engr. S.E. Region. Halbach &Braun Ind.. 90 W. Chestnut St.. Washington. PA 15301 WEBB. DON. Supply Superv. Freeman United Coal Mining Co., Box 32, Waggoner. IL62572 WEBB SR„ CLAYTON E.. Mgr.. Main., Old Ben Coal Co., 500 N. Du Quoin St., Benlon. IL62812 WEBER. DONALD R.. Pres.. Elmer R. Weber 8 Sons, Inc.. 1850 W. Durham Dr., Ivornoss, IL 60067 WEBER. MICK.Sales Rep., Roland Machinery Co.. P.O. Box 2879. Springlield, IL62708 WEGMAN, BRUCE E., Production Foreman, Monterey Coal Co.. 507 W. Pin Oak. Tronlon, IL62293 WEHMEYER. FRANK, Section Mgr.. Mine 21, Old Ben Coal Co.. Box 664. Sesser, IL 62884 -.WEIR. CHARLES R.. 9534 Normandy Ave.. Morion Grove. IL60053 .WEIR. JOHN P..Consultant. Consulting Mining Engr. 333 Willow Rd„ Winnelka, IL60093 WEITEKAMP, BILL. Mainlenance Supl.. Scarab Energy. P.O. Box68. Pelros. Tenn 37845 WELCH. ROBERT E., Accl. Mgr., Dodge-Master-Reeves Reliance El, 3106 Onondaga Dr..St. Louis. MO 63043 WELLS. TERRY L.. Fuel Buyer.Archer Daniels MidlandCo.. P.O. Box 1470, Decatur, IL62525 WENNINGER, HAROLD E.. Mgr. ol Lands S Minerals. Zeigler Coal Co.. 331 Salem Place. Fairview Heighls. IL62208 WESSELMAN. JOSEPH C. Envirnmnll & Rclmtn Engr, Old Ben Coal Co.. 608 W. Vernor. Nashville. IL 62263 WEST, W.J.. Mgr. ol Safely Sals 8 MM., Fairmount SupplyCo., 90 W. Chestnut. Washington. PA 15301 WHIRLOW. C. F . Sr. V. P.. Fairmount Supply Co.. 90 Wesl Cheslnul, Washington. PA15301 WHITCOMB. WALTER. President. R8H Service 8 Supply Co.. P.O. Box 250. Caderville, IL 62918 WHITE. E. M.. \ 13511-301 Slrallord PI. Circle. Fori Myers. FL 33907 WHITE. JOHN R.. Sales Mgr. HydroPower. Inc.. 1221 Hulman St.. Terre Haule. IN47802 WHITE. MARK A.. Mine Mgr.. Arch Mineral-Denmark Mine. P.O. Box 308. Percy, IL62272 WHITE. ROBERT E.. Chemist, Monterey Coal Co.. P.O. Box94, Albers. IL62215 WHITEHEAD. JERRY. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727. Harrisburg. IL62946 WHITEHEAD. WAYNE L..ProjeclEngr. Undgr. OldBen CoalCo.. 1817Testa Dr.. Marion. IL 62959 WHITT. MARY. Sales Coordinator. Pyoll-Boone Electronics. P.O. Box 809. Tazewell. VA 24651 WHYTE. RICHARD J.. Dist. Sales Mgr., Peabody CoalCo., 50 Jerome Lane. Fairview Heighls. IL 62208 WIFORD.LARRY. Branch Mgr.. The MineSupply Co.. PO Box 2220, Mt. Vernon, IL62864 WILEY, G. B.. Consultant, Sahara Coal Co., Inc.. P.O. Box 330. Harrisburg. IL62946 WILHITE. CLARK, Sales Rep.. Mine-Tech Systems. P.O.Box 1067. Evansville, IN 47706 WILKEN. GARY,Partner, Cochran 8 Wilken, Inc., 1201 S. 6th. Springlield. IL62703 WILKERSON. RALPH W„ Reg. Mgr. Safety.Consolidation CoalCo.. 12755Olive Blvd., St. Louis, MO 63141 •WILL, W. E.. V. Pres.(Ret), Oper. Serv. Peabody Coal Co., 301 N. Memorial Drive. St. Louis. MO 63102 WILLIAMS. ARTHUR JOE.Stale Mine Inspector, Depl. olMines 8 Minerals. 715Susan Esther SI.. Benton, 1162812 WILLIAMS, JOHNNIE, Sr.Geologist, AMAX Coal Company. P.O. Box 967. Indianapolis. IN 46206 150 ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

WILLIAMS, SCOTT. Owner, Egyplion Energy.P.O. Box 127. West Frankfort. IL62896 WILLIAMSON, KEMAL. . Carter Coal Corp.. 1400 Chicago Ave. Apt. 103. Evansfon. IL60201 WILLIAMSON JR., HARRY, , HarryWilliamson. Inc.,405 E. Park, Benton. IL62812 WILLIARD, COLIN. Control Room Supervisor. Kerr-McGee Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 727, Harrisburg. IL 62946 WILLIS. EUGENE C. Gen. Mgr.. Joy Manufacturing Co.. 4 Fountain PL, Ml. Vernon. IL 62864 WILLS. BENJAMIN E„ ", 1509 S. State St.. Springlield. IL 62704 WILSON. LARRY. Mgr. Business Plan. &Admin.. Old Ben Coal Co.. 727 Old Orchard Dr.. Benton. IL 62812 WILSON. ROBERT J., President. Anixter Bros.. Inc.. 4711 Golf Rd.. Skokie. IL 60076 WILSON. STEPHEN E., Mgr.-Geological Resources, Peabody Development Co., P.O. Box 14222. St. Louis. MO 63178 WILSON, WILLIAM G.. Sales Mgr.. Johnston-Morehouse-Dickey Co.. Box 173. 5401 Progress Blvd., Bethel Park, PA 15102 WINTER. DALE M„ Maint. Planner, Old Bon Coal Co.. RR 1. Pinckneyville, IL62274 WOLFGRAM. DAVID, Business Develop. Engr., Old Ben Coal Co.. Rt. 2, Box 157, Du Quoin, IL 62832 WOODARD, BILL. VP. Bill Woodard Equipment, Inc., Rt. 2. Box 192 AL, McCalla. AL35111 WOODLAND.DAWN E.. Employee Relat. Supv.. Mine 26. Old Ben Coal Co., RR 4.. Bonton. IL 62812 WOODROW. CHARLIE. Pur. Agent. Coal-Tek, Inc.. P.O. Box 868, Benton. IL62812 WOODS. DAVE, VP, Twin Mills Timber & Tie Co.. P.O. Box 34. West Frankfort. IL 62896 WOODS. GEORGE. Dean. Mining. Illinois Eastern Comm. Colleges, 1001 E. Clark St.. Marion. IL 62959 WOOLBRIGHT,CHARLES L, Sales Engr.. Joy Technologies. Inc. . 222 Breeso. Centralia. IL62801 WOOLRIDGE. NEIL, Maint. Mgr.. Operations, Rogers Group, Inc.. Box 2000. Camden. IL62319 WOOTON. DANNYG., Supt.. White County Coal Corp.. P.O. Box 457, Carmi. IL62821 WORCESTER. RUSS. Sales. Ludlow Steel Corp.. 135 Westmoor Dr.. Lebanon, IN 46052 WORSEY PAUL N.,Asst. Prof.. Universily of MO. Rolla.101AMining Bldg., Rolla. MO65401 WRIGHT, RON P..Sales Mgr.. Georgia Duck and Cordage Mill. 21 Laredo Dr.. Scottdalo, GA30079 YANCIK, JAMES R„ Prep. Engr., Freeman UnitedCoal Mining Co., Box 100, West Franklort, IL 62896 YATES, LARRY. Materials Mgr., Peabody Coal Co.. 1018 Kanawha Blvd. East. Charleston, WV 25301 YOCUM. KEVIN L. Dir..Land &Environ. Affairs. Coastal States Energy Co.. 175 E. 400 S.. Suite 800. Salt Lake City. UT 84111 YOUNG. BOB. V. Pres., Webb Oil Co.. E. Main St.. Carmi. IL 62821 YOUNG. CHARLES W., Mining Egr.. Tennessee ValleyAuthority. BR 1S 44D. 1101 Market St.. Chattanooga. TN37402-2801 YOUNG. PETE.Mine Mgr, Mine 21. OldBen CoalCo.. 412 MapleSt.. Zeigler, IL 62999 YOUNG, WILLIAM ALONZO. Gen. Supt.. Old Ben Coal Co., 501 E. St. Louis St., West Frankfort. IL 62896 ZANCAUCKE, JERRY.Parts Mgr.. MidcoSales &Service. 11475 Page Service Dr..St. Louis, MO 63146 ZIANTS. JOHN C, Shift MineMgr.. Monterey Coal Co.. 76 Innsbruck Lane. Belleville. IL 62221 ZURCHER. RON, John ZurcherAssoc. 2535 Dover Lane-Camelot PL, St. Joseph, Ml 49085 ZWAHLEN. JAMESA., Sr. Buyer.Monterey Coal Co.. PO Box 496. Carlinville. IL62626 ZYWICKI. ROBERTA., V.P.. Anixter Bros.. Inc.. 4711 Golf Rd.. Skokie. IL 60076

'Honorary Members ♦Life Members The Sincere Thanks

of the Officers and Members of the

ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE

R<> to

THE 1987 ADVERTISING COMMITTEE

Waller Hratullein, Chairman Robets & Schaefer Co.

Lanny Hell Charles G. Reilh Roberts & Schaefer Co. Turris Coal Co.

James F. Ciiiaventone Tom Sadler Kerr-McGee Coal Corp. Independent

Marvin Horton Dwight Sneed Saraha Coal Co. A. L. Lee Corp.

William Huff Donald E. Stewart AMAX Coal Company Freeman United Coal Mining Co.

Jim Kimelton Buford Stout IGS, Inc. Old Ben Coal Co.

John G. Mel.ain Ray Taueher Arch Mineral Corp. Consolidated Coal Co. (Retired)

Robert McPeak David Taylor Zeigler Coal Co. Peabody Coal Co.

Gary Moody John Urbancie Midland Coal Co. Freeman United Coal Mining Co.

Nate Perrine Jerry Watkins Independent White County Coal Co.

Their willingness and efficient cooperation have helped make this yearbook possible.

151 hrn On To Home Town Hospitality

T,he word is out! The overwhelming number one choice for tours b Mt. Vernon Groups and families of all sizes, from all over, keep coming hack year-after-year. Fromjustabout every where. Mt. Vernon is receiving rave reviews for its fine dining, exceptional lodging, exciting events and natural beauty From the economical to the elegant, come be amazed at all that Mt Vernon has to offer. Call 1-800- :il I -5464 or 1-800-252-5464 outside Illinois for your free color brochure.

m Coopcation with in© Illinois Oopj'lmonl of Commerce and Community Affair; Ollice of Tou'ism

MT. VERNON RAMADA0 HOTEL

WELCOME ILLINOIS MINING INSTITUTE 96th Convention

Thank you for selecting the Mt. Vernon Ramada Hotel as your 1988 convention site. We extend a warm Southern Illinois welcome to you and wish you an enjoyable stay in our hotel.

We Are At Your Service!

1-57 and Rt. 15 244-7100 We take our lumps seriously. y umps of Illinois coal. It's hard to believe that .L coal powers more than 500 cities and towns in our service area. CIPS is committed to using Illinois coal. And that's good for all of us. In 1986, CIPS bought almost four million tons of Illinois coal at a cost of over 132 million dollars! In fact, about 33 cents out of each dollar you paid us for electricity went to buy coal. Why should you care if CIPS uses Illinois coal? Because the power of coal goes far beyond making electricity. Coal has an enormous impact on our economy. It helps support jobs, businesses, schools, even communities! At CIPS, we work hard at supporting Illinois coal and all it means to the people of our state.

We take that responsilibity very seriously.

= li! lllinoisCoal msiunkin CORPORATION

Pipe, Valves and Fittings Electrical Underground Mine Lighting & Related Equipment

Calvert City, Kentucky 3 North Main St. 800/626-3990 ULMER

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1554 FENPARK DRIVE FENTON. MISSOURI 63026 \tanufacliiror8 Representatives (AREA CODE 314) 343-4603 unit Distributor* TELEX 44-2412

VALVES FOR THE COAL MINING INDUSTRY BY DEZURIK

Knife Gates

SERIES L— mine water and slurries SERIES C— dry solids and slurries

Butterflys FIG 632 — general service, air, gas, water, slurries FIG 660 — two piece body for easy maintenance

Eccentric Plugs Eliminate binding plugs and lubrication maintenance with DeZURlKS non-lubricated eccentric plug valve. Also available in hard or soft rubber lined for chemical and abrasive applications.

CALL US FOR ALL YOUR VALVE NEEDS ST. LOUIS STOCK Also representing: WRIGHT AUSTIN CO. Entrainment separators and traps OPW PRODUCTS Products for fluid handling SELLERS INJECTOR High pressure hot water cleaning devices, tank cleaners AMETEK/ACME heat exchangers, condensers and chillers.

WATER AND WASTE EQUIPMENT AND DESIGN FOR ILLINOIS COAL OPERATORS, COAL PREPARATION MEANS ROBERTS & SCHAEFER! Since 1903 Illinois Basin coal operations have looked to Roberts & Schaefer Company to improve the marketabilityof their product. In recent years more mines have turned to R&S for their coal preparation and bulk materials handling systems. The reason? Operators know they can trust the profitability and reliability of R &S Value Planned systems. Planning a new or up-graded preparation plant or materials handling facility? Check withthe leader. Check withRoberts &SchaeferCompany.

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120 South Riverside Plaza. Chicago, Illinois 60606 946 Union Trust Building. Pittsburgh. Pennsylvania 15219 140 West 2100 South, Salt Lake City. Utah 84115 OUR BUSINESS ...

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HEAVY MEDIA WASHING CALL REISS VIKING FOR YOUR MAGNETITE REQUIREMENTS Reiss Viking has magnetite plants located at Tazewell, Virginia Fairmont, West Virginia 703-988-6564 304-534-3358 West Frankfort, Illinois Bessemer, Alabama 618-932-3177 205-425-3508 Kimper, Kentucky 606-835-2918 Camden-on-Gauley, West Virginia 304-226-5226

24 HOUR ANSWERING SERVICE REISS VIKING is ready to serve your needs from any of the above locations. Give us a call and let us show you what we can do. CUSTOM CONTROLS APPARATUS DISTRIBUTORS ELECTRIC MOTOR REPAIR

AUTHORIZED DISTRIBUTORS FOR: O AMR — American Mine Researc G Baldor — Motors O Bendix — Couplings O Telemecanique — Controls O Louis Allis — Motors and Drives O Parametrics — Drives O Payne Engineering — Solid Stat Starters O Reliance — Motors, Drives, Programmable Controllers Widelite — Lighting

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Mohler Quality - Always Cost Effective

MOHLER TECHNOLOGY, INC. O 2355 Eby Road Boonville, IN 476 24 HOUR EMERGENCY SERVICE O 812-897-2900 TOLL-FREE 1-800-258-5258 Rib-style Blades and Endbits ESCO'S cast alloy 514 Win dozer blades andendbits are industry's most advanced design. Therib design adds strength andwear metal, plus itstays sharp throughout theentire service life. Breakage isvirtually elimi nated, even in toughest Design Innovations for Increased applications. Productivity, Lower Maintenance.

ESCO CORPORATION

Kwik-Edge II Kwik-Lok" Hoist Chain and CO's Kwik-Edge IIrenews blade Wear Runner Rol-Link irpness fast and easily for optimum New ESCO Kwik-Lok Wear Runners Computer-designed ESCO 3" hoist tetration andloading in medium provide full protection against heeling chain puts more wear metal where it's leavy-duty abrasion applications. wear on the underside of the bucket. needed tocombat high stresses and This improved svstem features Mechanically-attached runners greatly increase wearlife incritical irter, heavier sections thanthe change easily andmay berotated areas. Contact points ofthe links are tinal design for extra strength and forward for longer wearlife. beefed upand the sides have been ier handling. Acomplete set can lie Small compact"Size allows easy reduced toeven outtheweight. inged in just minutes, and no replacement in the field and only Anewly designed "rolling" •vbolts to burn off. high wear areas need tobereplaced. link is also available to eliminate Since only the adapter iswelded, wear at the point where the link rubs the wearrunner is made of harder, against the top rail ofthe bucket long wearing ESCO Alloy 12S. sides. Polyethylene bushings provide near maintenance-free service.

Rutk-lokUeur Bottom of Runners Bucket

10 Rite Crete Concrete Products Division of Woodruff Supply Co., Inc. CEMENT PRODUCTS FOR THE COAL INDUSTRY ...

Manufactures of 50 lb. Kite Wall - Same as Hbcrbond, Block-Bond. Quick Wall. B-Bond. bag Strong Seal. Bur I Bond. A fiberglass reinforced surface bonding mortar to construct and seal stopping walls and overcast. A dense impact resistant sealant with high compressive and flexural strengths. MSMA Acceptance * IC 99. 50 lb. Plaster Wall — A special engineered mixtures of plaster Se bag fiberglass that reduces skin irritation. Same high Com pressive strengths as the cementatious products. MSMA Ac ceptance * IC 99/1. 4 Cubic Kite Crete nine Seal —A special blend of mineral wool and cc- ft. bag ment. Provides permanent resilient and protects against the hazards of sloughing and crumbling. Same as Unisul Mine Seal. May be used in Unisul Spray machine. MSMA Acceptance " IC 99/3. 40 lb. Kite Crete nine Seal Lite — Special Lite weight mixture of cement bag an vermiculite. used to seal any mine strata to prevent air loss. Same as Mandoseal. Zonelite and Strong Lite. MSMAAcceptance * IC 99/4. (available cither Plaster or Cement) 50 lb. Kedi nix nine Sealant —A special redi mix Fiberglass rein- plastic forced sealant to repair and construct stopping walls. The bucket only redi mix Fiberglass reinforced sealant. MSMA Acceptance * IC 99/2. (same as Michael Walters Stop-It or Celitite Mine Sealant) 45 lb. Kite Crete Gunite nix — fiberglass reinforced for sealing ribs and bag roof. Kite Crete Fiberglass Reinforced Crib Blocks — Special engineered Blocks that will not shrink and that make perma nent cribs and roof support. Pre-Packaged Bagged Concrete Mix Traction Sand Mortar Mix Portland Cement Mortar Sandblasting Sand Jim Atterberry, Sales Representative of Illinois WE CAN FURNISH ALL YOUR CEMENT NEEDS .. .

PLANT AT Warehouse At Madisonville, KY Benton, IL 502-825-1392 618-439-9451 502-821-3247

11 Baker Mine Service is committed to excellence in a broad range of services to the mining industry. With 13 parts and distribution centers located throughout the mining regions of the U.S., Baker Mine Service is equipped to provide services rang ing from parts distribution to rebuild capabilities.

MINE SERVICE BENTON, IL DISTRIBUTION CENTER 618/439-7506 13 SERVICE/DISTRIBUTION CENTERS TO SERVE YOU.

Headquarters for GOODYEAR TIRES

MINE TIRES OFF-THE-ROAD TIRES TRUCK AND BUS TIRES INDUSTRIAL TIRES Complete Lines of Auto —Farm —Truck Tires and Tubes Recapping and Repair Service —Highest Quality Complete Road Service • BRAD RAGAN, INC. (Nationwide Tire Service) GIANT TIRE SPECIALISTS

430 North Dlrksen Parkway 3805 N. Main 630 East Linn St. Sprlngtiold. IL 62702 East Peoria. IL 61611 Canton. IL 61520 Phone: 217/528-5617 Phone: 309/694-3191 Phone: 309/647-3538

12 Connellsville's been raising production

Since 1901

MINE SLOPE EQUIPMENT Mine Slope Hoist Systems Slope Hoists Controls Catenary Rope Supports Barney Cars Surface S Mine Level Turnouts PRODUCTION SHAFT EQUIPMENT Slope S Knuckle Roller Assy's. Shaft Steel & Guide Systems Vertical S Horizontal Sheave Assy's. Production Skips & Scrolls Hoist House S Foundations Surge Hoppers Plate Feeders PORTAL SHAFT EQUIPMENT Skip Measuring Hoppers Mine Portal Elevators Skip Load Chutes & Gates Emergency Escape Systems Dump Cleanup Skip Systems

SUPPLY SHAFT EQUIPMENT Mine Car Trip Feeders Shaft Steel & Guide Systems Mine Car Scales & Car Stops Man & Material Cages Mine Car Rotary Dumps Man &Material Cage Counterweights Headframes Landing Chair Systems Headframe Sheaves Headframes Skip Hoists & Controls Headframe Sheaves Service Hoist & Controls

Equipment That's Engineered, Manufactured and Installed to Fit Your Needs.

Wi Connellsville Corporation CONNELLSVILLE, PA. 15425 D PHONE (412) 628-8000

13 AIR FILTER AND EQUIPMENT CORPORATION Manufacturers Representatives

GENERAL OFFICE & WAREHOUSE 2300 NORTH KNOX AVENUE CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60639 (312) 486-8010

•Serving lite Iflining •J/nduairu Since 1929

AIR POLLUTION CONTROL EQUIPMENT CENTRIFUGAL FANS

POWER ROOF VENTILATORS

LOUVERS AND DAMPERS SOUND CONTROL EQUIPMENT AND ENCLOSURES

AIR FLOW MEASURING STATIONS

HEATING AND VENTILATING UNITS

AIR FILTRATION

CLEAN ROOMS

ENGINE AND COMPRESSOR INTAKES

REPLACEMENT AIR FILTERS

Environmental Specialists Air Cleaning • Dust Control • Odor Control Sound Control • Ventilation and Air Conditioning

14 LOOK FOR THIS MARK OF EXCELLENCE

Appearing on Peterson Filters and quality parts for 45 years.

PETERSON FILTERS CORP.

1949 South 3rd West P.O. box 606 Salt Lake Cfty, Utah 84110, U.S.A. (801) 487-7761

15 pache • HOSE & BELTING,BELTING. IN'INC. 314-567-6705 2435 ROCK ISLAND BLVD., ST. LOUIS, MO 63043

We Serve the Coal Mining Industry with Your Requirements

1000# Spray Hose (%", %", 1",11/4", 1Vz", 2") MSHA Branded 250# Apache Redskin — 3A", 1" (Bulk or Coupled) Conduit (Rubber — MSHA Branded) IV2" Fire Hose (MSHA) — Lengths to 300' Coupled Rock Dust Hose, Both Rubber and PVC (Rubber MSHA) Large Diameter 200# Discharge Hose (Rubber and PVC)

We Also Stock a Complete Line of Industrial Rubber and P. V.C Products for the Coal Mining Industry Trolley Guard — 12" Yellow PVC Conveyor Idlers and Pulleys MSHA Conveyor Belt

Skirt Board Rubber New Product! DURO-CLEAN Conveyor Belting (Eliminates Material Build-up) Rubber Material Handling Hose (For Slurry)

St. Louis Branch 314-567-6705 WA TS (Outside Missouri) 1-800-325-1531

Other Locations Cedar Rapids — Kansas City Minneapolis — Chicago

16 miM... ThePipeYou Can Count On Fbr Total Service

-;-./.W!'*s' ^^K*?^ Whatever your piping needs, you can depend on Naylorto meet both your standard and special requirements. Forgeneral service such as water supply, de-watering, compressed air and ventilating, Naylor can provide spiralweld pipe of basic carbon steel in either the lockseam or buttweld construction. For abrasive service such as dredging, sand and gravel conveying and tailings, product or slurrylines. Naylor can supply spiral buttweld pipe in special analysis, abrasion-resistant steel. In addition to pipe ranging in sizes from 4" to 72" in diameter and thicknesses from 14 gauge to 54" wall, Naylor offers a complete line of fittings, fabrications and connections including the one-piece positive type Wedgelock coupling. Special coatings and linings to meet your particular requirements round out Naylor's total service.

NAYLOR PIPE COMPANY 1259 East 92nd Street mm Chicago, Illinois 60619

17 Together COAL MINING and COAL AGE have been incorporated into COAL magazine. This merger is the result of the Maclean Hunter acquisition of COAL AGE, ENGINEERING & MINING lOURNAL and the Mining Information Services family of directories and newsletters. COAL magazine combines the editorial strengths of the two publica tions which previously have served read ers and advertisers in the coal industry. The acquisition makes Maclean Hunter's Mining & Construction Group the largest combined force in mining publishing. The Mining & Construction Group now includes: Coal (incorporating Coal Mining and Coal Age) Longwall USA exhibition and conference Coal Prep exhibition and conference Concrete Products Engineering & Mining lournal Mining Information Services Rock Products The International Cement Seminar

•j|g Maclean Hunter Publications

29 N. Wacker. Chicago. IL 60606

18 naFco

NORTH ALABAMA FABRICATING CO., INC

Serving the Coal Industry With STRUCTURAL PLATEWORK CONVEYORS MISCELLANEOUS Specializing In SANDBLASTING MULTI COAT PAINT SYSTEMS CERAMIC LININGS MECHANICAL SHOP ASSEMBLY

IN-HOUSE DETAILING WITH CAD SYSTEMS SHIPPING WITH OWN FLEET OFTRUCKS

P.O. Box 593 Birmingham. Alabama 35201 Phone: (205) 323-2371

19 Goodman Experience Locomotives bachedby80 years ofminingHnow-how Ninety-five percent of all mining and tunneling rail haulage needs can be met by a Goodman locomotive. That's experience. Our locomotives are not always the lowest priced, but they're the best value now and for years to come. Historically they carry a high resale value, thanks to slow speed traction motors of our own design and manufacture, single reduction gearing and direct axle mounting. The result: less moving parts, less maintenance, more reliability.. .the quality and value you expect from Goodman.

Goodman Equipment Corporation, 4834 S. Halsted St., Chicago, IL 60609 USA Phone (312) 927-7420 Telex: 25-3389.

7993 Iflficlman

20 <•«•<•

DU QUOIN DQI IRON & SUPPLY SUPPLY COMPANY COMPANY P. O. BOX 451 P. O. BOX 181 ROUTE 48-WEST SOUTH WALNUT STREET TAYLORVILLE, IL 62568 DU QUOIN, IL 62832 PH: 217/824-9413 PH: 618/542-5477

MINE, MILL& INDUSTRIALSUPPLIES SINCE 1923 - 2 locations to sarve youl Specializing in Mine Lighting Hydraulic & Industrial Hoses

REPRESENTING THE FOLLOWING MANUFACTURES:

AEROQUIP CORPORATION • Hydraulic Hose Et Fittings ALEMITE • Lubricating Equipment AMERICAN LOCK • Padlocks BAND-IT • Banding Et Clamps DIXON • Hose Fittings Et Clamps FLEXAUST • Dust Hose FLEXIBLE STEEL LACING • Flexco Belt Fasteners GATES RUBBER COMPANY • Industrial Hose Et Skirtboard Rubber B.F. GOODRICH • Industrial Hose HAMMOND VALVE • Valves HYDRAULICS, INC. • Live Swivels KIMTEX BY KIMBERLY-CLARK • Shop Towels KURIYAMA OF AMERICA • PVC Hose LINCOLN • Lubricating Equipment LIQUID DEVELOPMENT CORP. • Selective Plating MASTER LOCK COMPANY • Padlocks MURRAY • Hose Clamps OCENCO • Lighting Self Contained Self Rescuer Splice Kits VALSPAR • Protective Coatings (Paint) WHISK • Hand Cleaner

21 We're Equipped Producing coal safely is why we stress the importance of operating the equipment correctly. At underground or surface mines. Consol employees are trained to know the best use of mining equipment is its safe use Consolidation Coul Co. Mid-Continrnt Kcpion St. Louis, MO 631*1 (314) 273-2300

22 PYRAMID PART SERVING THE MINING INDUSTR

!^c sN. O.E. QUALITY

mJ REPLACEMENT PARTS FOR MINING SHOVELS AND ROTARY DRILLS

NOW, hundreds more new parts items available from PYRAMID, .. All Crawler parts—selected gears and pinions. Propelling—Swing- Clutch machinery shafts, bushings, retainers, spacers, seal rings, collars, washers.. .Boom, Handle and Dipper parts and Drill Mast parts such as sprockets, pinions, shafts and chains. And PYRAMID GUARANTEES all parts to to meet or exceed OEM specs for quality and service performance. When breakdowns occur, you have quick access to thousands of parts from the factory and regional service warehouse.

FOR INFORMATION, CALL, TELEX OR WRITE:

PYRAMID PARTS DIV AMERICAN ALLOY CORPORATION 4 3000 EAST 87th STREET. CLEVELAND. OHIO 4410- 216-231-6900 Telex: 4332146 Specialist In Belt Conveyor Equipment For The Mining, Utility & Transportation Industry For Over 35 years.

BAKER-BOHNERT RUBBER CO., INC. 1311 Bernheim Lane • P.O. Box 10246 Louisville. KY 40210 • Phone (502) 634-3661

Belt:

WE SPLICE BELTS

Belt Splicing Fabric & Steel Cable Belt Changeouts & Installation Pulley Lagging • 24 Hour Service Underground Approved

Serving Mining, Utility & Transportation

BELT SERVICE OF KY., INC. 1311 Bernheim Lane • P.O. Box 10127 Louisville. KY 40210 • Phone (502) 635-5241

24 Xtek research "squeezes" secrets from hardened steel fo provide new products ... to reduce your costs TSP hardened products, resulting from knowledge gained through Xtek research, have a world-renowned reputation for strength and resistance to wear. Wheresubstituted for competitive parts that fail through wear and breakage, they provide our customers savings in material and time amounting to thousands of dollars annually. 'ISP products for the mining industry include >X

Compliments of

MINING » ILICTHICAL

P.O. DRAWER 665 INSIDE KY 502-821-2889 548 SOUTH MAIN ST. OUTSIDE KY 800-626-8312 MADISONVILLE, KY 42431

25 IGK&BASCOM has the wire rope, mining specialists and capability to set new records at your mine. One call gets it all! Major mining companies recognize Broderick & Bascom as the leading manufacturer of large diam eter, high performance wire rope. There are four solid reasons why POWERSTEEL® and YELLOW STRAND® work better, harder and longer on your equipment. 1. 110 years of wire rope specialization and craftsmanship. 2. Intensive design/engineering/manufacturing capabilities through six-inch diameter ropes. 3. Experienced field application specialists available any time. 4. Special mining rope plant in Sedalia, Mis souri — service-minded warehouses and dis tributors. Ready for less downtime ... fewer rope replace ments ... longer rope life on your equipment? Call today and discover how our unlimited wire rope capabilities can set new records at your mine. BRODERICK & BASCOM ROPE CO. WIRE ROPE/SLINGS RTE. 3/OAK GROVE INDUSTRIAL PK./SEDALIA, MO 65301/818-837-3131

K-":^ft^'fe:- SELECTIONOF PERFORATED SCREENS The combined production facilities of Cross Manufacturing Company and Laubenstein Manufacturing Company provide you with the widest range of screen materials; the widest range of perforated sizes, shapes, and spacing. • Metals include carbon steels, stainlesssteels, monel, abrasion-resistant steels (200/360 Brinell), others. • Also rubber and urethane clad steel screens and HI- LIFE" solid rubber screens. • Round, square, hex, and slotted holes from .027" up to 8" dia, thicknesses up to 1". • Over 1,000 tool sets in stock. • Immediate verbal quotations. 48-hour written confirmation. • Dependable, on-time delivery. Call today. Depend on our combined manufacturing leader ship to provide you with quality perforated materials, com petitively priced, for long-lasting performance on your screen ing applications. Write or Call for New Free Catalog and Name of Local Representative.

P.O. Drawer 507 (Dept.Septal*SR) Carbondale, PA 18407 y 425 S. Hoffman Blvd. Call Toll Free 800-233-4298 Ashland, PA 17921 In PA 800-692-6306 Call Toll Free 800-LAU-PERF 717-282-4344 717-875-2151

27 FOUNDED 1857 A. LUCAS &SONS

OTr a Lt L

FABRICATORS • WAREHOUSE

STRUCTURAL STRUCTURALS

PLATEWORK PLATES

MISCELLANEOUS SHEETS

ORNAMENTAL BARS

•

ENGINEERING

DESIGNING AND DETAILING

1328 S.W. WASHINGTON ST.

PEORIA, ILLINOIS 61602

PHONE: 673-8547

28 E)TABOR MACHINE "The Vibrating People"

MANUFACTURERS OF VIBRATING SCREENS AND RE

PLACEMENT PARTS FOR ALL TYPES OF VIBRATING

SCREENS.

Box 3037, Blucwell Station Blucficld, W. Va. 24701 304-327-2431

KLEIN ARMATURE WORKS, INC.

Rewinders and Rebuilders of Electrical Equipment

Manufacturers of

Armature and Field Coils, Brushes and Bearings Armature and Machine Shafts

DIAL 532-1951 CENTRALIA, ILL.

29 C. D. WHITTINGTON President

SISCOSUPPLYCO.

MINE AND INDUSTRIAL SUPPLIES

Phone (618) 867-2311 or 867-2312

DE SOTO, ILLINOIS 62924

MfiT Industries

Division of R. L. Brov/n Corporation

"Serving the Mining and Construction Industry" MAX MAT INDUSTRIES Division of R. L. Brown Corporation

P.O. Box 250 West Frankfort, Illinois 62896

R.L. BROWN, Chairman of the Board RICHARD E. MELVIN, President VICKI J. MELVIN, Vice-President TELEPHONE (Area Code 618) 937-2651

30 The Wescott Bushing Makes the Difference.

...because it's forged, not cast, from 11-14% Manganese Steel.

Specify The Wescott Bushing for dragline and shovel repairs.

Setidfor our literature on the finest wrought Manganese SteelBushings available anywhere.

Wescott Steel Inc. 425 Andrews Rd.,Trevose,PA19047 (215) 364-3636

31 The company you choose lor wire rope and strand will allocl your productivity, your efficiency . ycur bottom lino Make the right choice; Choose the company that can piovtdo you with the right choice lor every application from the smaltesl hoist rope to Ihe largest dragline... that supplies Ihe expertise to make Iho right choice for each application ... and provides the technical support to assure lhai the choice win produce the best performance possible 6-STRAND mining ropes 8-STRAND mining ropes RE DUNE* polymer impregnated ropes REDCORE<" mining ropes with REDLINE Iwrc F l EX-X * compacted wire rope STRUCTURAL STRAND PENDANTS for any appllcallon WRCA WIRE ROPE PENDANTS Trie choice is W.re Rope Corporation of America Ire —offering you mce choices for every appeation ano more expertise to he>p you make ihe riQhl choice every time.

•19MM*^l -C.S.CWCft VC64SX

32 OUR GOAL To have the SAFEST and MOST PRODUCTIVE MINERS in the world! The Latest Advances In Crusher Technology

GUNDLACH has a reputation for GUNDLACH has a full-line variety of building tough dependable coal- Models and Sizes. crushing equipment for over 40 years. GUNDLACH has a wide range of GUNDLACH Crushers lead the Roll-Configurations for almost any industry with the latest in advanced application. technology. GUNDLACH wants you to know GUNDLACH Crushers are pound-for- more. Send for FREE information or pound more compact, more efficient, just call GUNDLACH (618) 233-7208. easier to operate and more versatile than any crusher offered to the r' T.J.Gundlach industry. Machine Company Vo I Freedom Drive PO Box 385 Belleville. IL 62222 Phone <6I8) 233-7208 TWX910 756-2081

Represented By: Kerco, Inc. 548 South Main St. RO. Drawer 665 Madisonville, KY 42431 Phone (502) 821-2889 PLM for High Voltage Cable Couplers e*cELLl?A/0

PLM 415 and 515 portable "couplers with DURA-TUBE rigid, nonbreakable EPDM insulators...500 amperes...0-15,000 volts. PLM high voltage couplets ate specified wotldwide lot application in sutface and undetgtound mining and pottable high voltage powot cable applications 415-515 couplets give supetiot electtical and mechanical ptotection. Quik-Thtoad positive 2V? turn coupling collat eliminates mating problems and makes safe. fast, easy connection. . Wolortlghl Construction « Corrosion Resistant Aluminum Alloy - Posilivo Built-in "First Make Last Break" Ground Connection • Lino or Equipmonl Mount Types • Ground Check Circuit Contacts

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS No Compound With Compound Maximum Voltage Phase-to-Ground 5.5 kV 9.5 kV 1 Minute Dry Withstand AC 35 0 kV rms 45.0 kV rms 6 Hour Dry Withstand AC 25.0 kV rms .. 35.0 kV rms IS Minute Dry Withstand DC 65.0kVaver. 75 0kVaver Corona Extinction Level 7.5 kV rms . ll.OkVrms Basic Impulse Level 75.0 kV crest .. 95.0 kV crest All tests per IEEE Standard 48-1962

Ask for latest ADALET-PLM Bulletin Energy related products 4801 West 150 th Street, Clcvoland, Ohio 44135 Phone: 216/267-9000 FAX: 216/267-1661 DIVISION OF THE SCOtl &It 121"!' COMPANY '"

35 SATURN MINE SUPPLY CARS • Roil • Rubber/Roil SATUKH Mochin*

LOCATIONSTURGIS AIRPORT • Couplers P.O. BOX 273 (502)-333-2242

SATURN OFFERS PERFORMANCE WITHOUT COMPROMISE.

Saturn manufactures the Saturn Rubber/Rail MineSupply Carwith its unique rubber tired wheel units that can be raised or lowered without strain. No springs, no hydraulics — just a simple arm that pivots near the wheel axle (patent).

LET SATURN JOIN YOUR COMPANY'S EFFORTS TO REDUCE MAINTENANCE COSTS AND TO INCREASE PRODUCTIVITY.

AJAX

AJAX ENGINEERING CORPORATION P.O. Box 409 • Phone 618/269-3115 • Showneetown, Illinois 62984 MACHINING AND REBUILDING OF MINING EQUIPMENT • Component Remanufacturing • Major Weldment Repair and Remanufacture • Complete. Machine Remanufacture • Located in the Illinois Coal Basin • Serving the Industry Since 1964 JEFFREY Authorized OEM Rebuilder

36 COMMAND PERFORMANCE. Nothing justifies an investment in Komatsu equipment more conclusive ly than its performance on the job. Butbeingin command over yourbottom line not only meanshavingthe most productive, efficient, rugged equipment available. It means havinga staff of heavy-equipment specialists on call. To help arrange financing. Assist in selecting the most productive equipment for the job. And to help you develop equipment maintenance programs. It meanshaving the option tochoosefrom seven complete product lines, featuring76different models —for thebestselection of models tosuit your needs. Not to mention the added advantage of parts interchangeability. As your nearby Komatsu distributor, we can put you in command over all these things. And more. Just call or visit any of our locations, today.

37 HELPING ILLINOIS COAL OPERATORS MAKE MONEY C-E Tyler Bixby Zimmer Wedge Wire Coalmate Technologies

1-800-CE TYLER 1-800-238-9537 combustionSengineering

COALrV\ D R: M INC. •N

Moving Southern Illinois Into The Future! Specializing in Heavy Duty Trucking for the Coal Industry. If it's hard to do or you have trouble finding someone reliable CALL US I Equipment moves with our lowboy trailers. Rip Rap, Coal, Rock, Sand, Other Bulk Commodities. TRUCKS ARE RADIO DISPATCHED. COAL CONTRACTORS, INC. P. O. Box 627 • Sesser, IL 62884 618-625-2651

38 Phone: 312/326-5822 FAX: 312/326-5891

EDWARD FISCHER COMPANY, INC.

HYDRAULIC-PNEUMATIC LUBRICATING DEVICES AND EQUIPMENT HOSE ASSEMBLIES, FITTINGS AND ADAPTERS

2118 South Wabash Avenue Chicago, Illinois 60616

39 40 aco Battery Service Corporation

Service Center One Rt 1 - Box 48 Johnston City, IL 62951 618/983-5441

YOU HAVE THE SAFEST WITH LUMBIA ROCK DUST because: • Columbia Rock Dust has the lowest silica content of any rock dust pro duced in the Midwest. • Columbia Rock Dust exceeds all quality requirements specified by the U. S. Government and by the Dept. of Mines and Minerals of the State of Illi nois. Produced at Valmeyer, Illinois.

"Buy Columbia ... Be Sure of the Best" COLUMBIA QUARRY CO. Producers of Industrial and Agricultural Stone P.O. Box 128 Columbia, III. 62236 Phone: (618) 281-7631

41 BELTING for Conveyors Elevators Inclines

CARCASS Conventional Weaves Straight Warp Solid Woven Single Ply Multiple Ply Reduced Ply

COVERS Hi-Performance Rubber Elastomers PVC Elastomers Urethanes

GEORGIA DUCK & CORDAGE MILL 21 Laredo Drive, Scottdale, GA 30079 404-294-5272 Telex 54-2700 (Unilok Seal)

42 Danville Steel A division of Mervis Industries, Inc.

74 EASTGATE P.O. BOX 827 DANVILLE, IL 61834-0827 (217)431-3217

Steel Distributors STRUCTURALS BARS PLATES SHEETS Steel Fabricators STRUCTURAL • ORNAMENTAL MISCELLANEOUS ENGINEERING AND DETAILING

"Serving your needs in these locations" DANVILLE, IL CHAMPAIGN, IL 217 431-3217 217 352-4707 MATTOON, IL SPRINGFIELD, IL 217 235-5575 217 753-1492 KOKOMO, IN 317 459-8066

43 Backhoes Pumps Cranes Ringers Towers Loaders Cary-Lifts MARLOW PUMPS Oe Compressors &tod Manlifts 0 Mats Generators PETTIBONE Air Tools Welders ¥bobcot Buckets dRINDEX Pickers SUL1AIR Vibrators

Genie Industries g-the way

2605 N, DIRKSEN PARKWAY • SPRINGFIELD, ILL. 627o: • 2I7-54J-3900 Forrestal Machinery Co.

44 As a pioneer in the manufacture of coal cutting equipment, we have had the opportunity to work with mine operators throughout the country and appreciate the cooperation they have given us. We feel the entire mining industry has benefited from this working relationship. CINCINNATI, with years of experience and a highly trained staff of engineers, researchers, metallurgists and production experts, is looking forward to the future of this growing industry.

r>g

BBS

THE CINCINNATI MINE MACHINERY COMPANY Cincinnati, Ohio 45225

45 c,upteme Quality penn|oil

PENNZOIL QUALITY LUBRICANTS FOR COAL MINES

HYDRAULIC AND

GEAR OILS

SPECIAL GREASES

FOR EVERY APPLICATION

QUALITY • SERVICE • DEPENDABILITY Let us solve your lubrication problems.

Callor write: Pennzoil Industrial Lubricants 201 N. 4th St. Marion. IL 62918

IL 618-997-6518 PA 814-676-2711

46 Ready Drilling Company Test Drilling & 2", 3", 6" Coring

Dale Ready Box 201-B, Rt. 1 Mason, Illinois 62443 (618) 238-4306

47 a POWERFUL PARTNER in helping to meet our nation's energy needs. mW® By developing the machinery that recovers coal for the pro duction ofenergy, the manufacture ofsteel and for the countless other needs ofindustry and business, Dresser indirectly touches your life and the lives of most Americans. We are a POWERFUL PARTNER in the business of producing coal. DresserIndustries, Inc., Jeffrey Division, 274 E. First Ave., Columbus, Ohio 43201, 614 297-3123. Litchfield Warehouse, Litchfield Industrial Park, P.O. Box348, Litchfield, Illinois 62056, 217 324-5984. Raleigh Warehouse P.O. Box 157, Route 1 Raleigh, Illinois 62977 618 268-4755.

SI DRESSER ^fcAq C- Afii .

48 /) \ FLANDERS ELECTRIC OF ILLINOIS 1000 North Court St. Marion, IL 62959 (618) 993-2681 FAX # (618) 993-6081

MOTOR REPAIR

24 HOUR EMERGENCY SERVICE • INHOUSE AC & DC DRIVE REPAIR COMPLETE MACHINE SHOP • LICENSED PLATINUM PLATING PROCESS VACUUM-PRESSURE-IMPREGNATION SYSTEM FOR COMMUTATORS AND RINGS AUTHORIZED WELDER REPAIR CENTER • CONTROLLED TEMPERATURE BURN OUT SUBMERSIBLE PUMP REPAIR AND BAKE OVENS FOR EFFICIENT REPAIR 500 HP DYNAMOMETER • 25.000 LB DYNAMIC BALANCER ELECTRICAL ENGINEERS ON STAFF • IEEE 429 IMMERSION TESTED REWINDS

EQUIPMENT SALES

SQUARE D TOSHIBA AMR MOTOR CONTROLS MOTORS GROUND MONITORING AC DRIVE SYSTEMS CONTROLS CABLE FAULT DETECTION CIRCUIT BREAKERS VACUUM EQPT COMPUTERIZED MINE- PROGRAMMABLE CONTROLS AC DRIVES MONITORING TRANSFORMERS PROGRAMMABLE CONTROLS DISTRIBUTION EQPT. GOULD SHAWMUT FUSES - FUSE BLOCKS TAYLORWIRE DUCT

FIELD SERVICES

• FIELD ENGINEERING STAFF • CUSTOM CONTROL SYSTEMS • AC & DC DRIVE INSTALLATION • FIELD BALANCING • PROGRAMMABLE CONTROL SYSTEMS • VIBRATION ANALYSIS

FLANDERS ELECTRIC OF ILLINOIS (618) 993-2681

49 echnically and economically superior with Voith Hydrodynamic Couplings i/oith Turbo Coupling incor- During starting, the delay cham Test results have proved that it is tes a delay chamber which ber retains part ol the operating only Ihe lurbo coupling with the nally relieves the load on fluid which replenishes the delay chamber that produces conomic squirrel-cage working circuit as a function of such a retarding effect It per ir during the starting phase lime or slip when the motor has mits virtually no-load accelera- cost-saving driving element run up to speed lion ol the motor with a low jroved a full success with power input, ellective torque ily starting machines and limitation lor gentle acceleration ever large flywheel masses and yet a good minimum slip in be accelerated normal operation

Standsti Operation

lurbo Coupling Type 750 TVA Starling behaviour ol hydrodynamic couplings m belt conveyor drives of 1 Voifb constant filling coupling with delay chamber lax Mining Comp.. Sahuanla/Ai" 2 Voith constant tilling coupling without delay chamber -_ r . '-' *)Q

:• i: tr I Delay chamber ellecl

<-> c §9 Is o ci Acceleration torque — c c - Q. 9— 0 I i 100 80 60 Slip i Transmissions. Inc. Berlin Road Box 712 PA 17405 ie: 717-792-3511 VOITH where porlormance counts ax: 717-792-4729

50 Chains and Sprockets

Viking Chain Div. North Star Casteel Products Inc.

820 S. Bradford. Seattle. Washington 98108 206-622-4441 and P. O. Box 526, Palos Heights, IL 60463 312-448-2169 marlo Mario's Innovallons In tho braided packing 5>£w^ field starlod with its Incorporation in 1933. §?f§jj£5rv All through our history we have beer. ^i^fc^^^Y> associated with qualify, originality ^•^^t^r^^Ev. and service. Mario has always ^^tATF~wfcfefry supplied the most superior ^•"VjjfrW^tc a^Vv.. product tor any Our compile line^Hji^^^SK. application. contains products tor ^^'W-T^T^AllJ^-w •Stoic WKJtj lo htgh ^* [I1rt^-hr^~^V, speed srtoli. ^^tM^^rTr^^Xvi^ • l»Ttpero*utetfrom sub- ^!J1^]-I*L ^".'^""l**^ *mo to sow f. aj' nr^y rfP~Mit_^, • OliiCun cfemlcois from tf-ong ^vi'VKi'H ~r->-r^—r-tS oadJ tostrong afcalis X^l ] [f^iLA-fSKBfiSl • AH inousfiiei from tood ortd d'ugi \U

Peprewntea In the Mine, by a miningoipeil REES MINE SUPPLYSALES. INC P.O. Box 296 DuQuoln. III. 62832 telephone (618) 5A2-W73 Packim9

51 GUNTHER-NASH MINING CONST. CO.

MINING INDUSTRY CONSTRUCTION UNDERGROUND—SHAFTS, SLOPES, TUNNELS SURFACE—PREPARATION PLANTS, CONVEYOR SYSTEMS, BUILDINGS, HEADFRAMES, ETC.

2150 KIENLEN AVE. ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI (314) 261-4111

P.O. BOX 330 HARRISBURG, IL 62946 618-252-8321

52 —4

"Putthe STAMLER

M on the ROCK JOB•••

.... because STAMLER doesn't build just a unexpected. That's why Stamler develops more feeder-breaker. We design, build, and custom- pure breaker force per inch of machine height apply what has become a true mobile primary than any feeder-breaker on the market and that's crusher with surge capacity and ratioing ability. why the total unit is "balanced" to |>erform under We know that even miner coal isn't clean coal, the toughest of mining conditions. that even with the best mining conditions there's ASK THE MAN WHO OWNS ONE. or call us often tough shale and rock ... sometimes totally for the facts ....

The W.R. STAMLER CORPORATION MILLERSBURG, KENTUCKY 40348 Telephone 606/484-3431 Telex 21-8481

53 Boyd Brothers, Inc.

Moving the Earth for Three Generations!

Specializing in allforms ofearth moving to include: Excavation of dirt or rock; Construction of slurry cells, sediment ponds, haul roads, parking lots or pads; Any type of site developement; Land clearing; Reclamation projects; Drainage control; Land clearing; Boring; Concrete structures; Dredging. Boyd Brothers, Inc. P. O. Box 347 • Sesser, IL 62884 618-625-2451

54 Here's a cable job-engineered for mining ...Okocord® To get the best investment for your mining cable dollar, specify OKOCORDs. For years Okonite has made them to provide the reliability you need in all mining applications. For service, price and delivery contact:

CHICAGO CINCINNATI MILWAUKEE 1515 Centre Circle 1821 Summit Road 2421 North Maylair Road Downers Grove, Illinois 60515 Cincinnati. Ohio45222 Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226 Phone: 312/932-8200 Phone: 513/761-1333 Phone: 414/476-4550 FAX • (704) 535-6183 FAX-(513) 716-4687 FAX • (414) 4760768 Donald W. Martin. V.P. Central Reg. Sales W. Noil Giles, District Managor Robert J. Rabay. Oistrlct Manager JeHrey F. Klein, District Manager Franklin J. Dixon, Area Manager David A. Lange. Sales Representative DETROIT PITTSBURGH Phone: 313/569-3230 Avenue "B" Frank Dixon, Area Manager Buncher Industrial Park ST. LOUIS Leetsdale. Pennsylvania 15056 K-L Building, Suite 1-100 Phone: 412/734-2503 10805 Sunset Otlice Drive FAX - (412) 741-4620 Sunset Hills, Missouri 63127 Roger C. Agnelly, District Manager (314)965-8135 Kenneth D. Benner, Sales Representative FAX-(412) 741-4620 Walter M. Kraemer, Sales Representative Leonard T. Nystrom, District Manager

O OKONITE THE OKONITE COMPANY. RAMSEY. NEW JERSEY 07446

55 JOHN BENSON ELECTRIC COMPANY Formerly Benson-Wilimzig, Inc.

Westinghouse Authorized E3 •FURNAS

Dis,ribu,or Electric Motor Controls Electric Motors Motor Control Centers and Controls Drum Controls Transformers Pressure Switches Switchgear

1708 N. 8th Street (314) 421-1200 St. Louis 63102 C.L MADDOX, INC. ABRICATION AND STEEL ERECTION HARRISBURG, IL

(618)268-6219

56 MINE ROCK DUST

Uniform Quality

Prompt Shipment

Produced from an

extensive deposit of limestone that is

exceptional in its purity.

Taken from an underground mine, eliminating

all possibility of foreign contamination.

MISSISSIPPI LIME COMPANY ALTON, ILLINOIS

57 THE MAHONING PAINT CORPORATION

Office and Factory 653 Jones Street

YDUNGSTDWN, OHIO 445D1

Manufacturers of Quality Finishes for Mine Buildings and Equipment MM P. 0. BOX 1282 PHONE (216) 744-2139

SALES • RENTALS • PARTS • SERVICE

FOR ALL YOUR MINING AND COAL PREPARATION EQUIPMENT NEEDS

CONSTRUCTION MACHINERY CORP.

Marion, Illinois 62959 PHONE: 618 + 993-2299 ILL. WATS: 800 + 642-6606 Allis-Chalmers Crushing & Screening Equipment Kawasaki Loaders Dart Trucks Allison Transmissions

58 ennmarBOLT IT BETTER WITH Another important Jennmar development. 9"x9" Donut-Embossed Plates. Jennmar technology has developed two Jennmar 9"x9" plates offer these important 9"x9" donut-embossed plates to hold the advantages: roof and distribute this load over a broader • High strength, light weight, low profile, uniform area. plate is rated for minimum bolt- embossment with deep compression ring around bolt One hole protect roof bolt head load of 20,000 lb/force; the other is rated at Q Distributes roof bolt load evenly in all directions and 35,000 lb/force. will not buckle or dog-ear down under high-load These embossed plates are designed for conditions use with Jennmar high-strength bolt sys • Manufactured under rigid quality-control conditions ui Two header-plate manufacturing facilities and four tems including: (1) torque tension rebar (2) distribution locations patented INSTaL™ I, II, III Systems (3) pat a ented Combination Bolt™ System. Why have a weak link in your point anchor sys o tem? Use Jennmar 9" x 9" high-strength bearing plate. Write or call for complete information. Jennmar Corp., 1330 Old Freeport Road Pittsburgh, PA 15238 Phone: 412 963-9071 Telex: 559979 JEN PGH FAX: 412 963-6809 Sales Offices and Plants: Pittsburgh, PA 412 963-9071; Cresson, PA 814 886-4121; Reedsville, WV 304 864-3601; Winchester, KY 606 744-9600; Flora, IL 618 662-2163; Helper, UT 801 472-3436. The better idea in bulk reclaim systems. The General Kinematics rugged, natural Irequency Uncoaler combines a bin activator vibratory drive system. Exciter lunclion with two adjustable rate lorce automatically compensates vibrating leeders... all in a single, for change in material head load, low profile unit that can reduce and material discharge is Fully costs and operating problems adjustable to maintain optimum, substantially uniform leed rates

Unique drive reliability Stands on its own Like our Para-Mount II leeder. Uncoaler needs no special The Uncoaler is powered by a suspension or rool construction Entire unit stands on its own, directly above conveyor Its lew Vertical, center discharge moving parts are readily serviced produces unilorm loading Irom the tunnel Get lull information Irom your without belt tracking problems Man in Motion, the General Kinematics representative nearest you Or contact us directly

Uncoaler is available in a variety ol GENERALS sizes, including this 12'x12'unit. KINEMATICS* The Force in vibratory equipment

777 Lake Zurich Rd.. Barnngton, IL60010 Phone 312'381-2240 Telex72-2429 General Kincmalics equipment also manulaclured In Canada •Australia . Sweden • Mexico • Switzerland • United Kingdom

61 Standing tali. in just two and a half years buy Lorbco cables through os probobty asoknow wenow Lanoeo has become Iho c*o- sales agentsend so octod ds- mate MP-GC and SHD-GC fert ed rrunngcable, welcome Mbutcrs m every major coal cables. But maybeyou bdn't everywhere underground The mntng center o the country know we're bgin unityand in ArmockxJ brand name 4 o That's whymoraere hundreds dustrial power cab'es. thebg- gja-antoo ol top <*XJify cabo of mies of Ajmoc'ad miring pest TVKN buSdngwiremanu- . with tough smoothjackets cabk» n overone txndred foctirer *i the USA. and a mcjcx trvat routdamoge causedby mines up anddown the Appa loctor in we^cngend desei- daggrg. nmovers andabra- lachian*, in thecoalfields ot eiectnc locomotive cable. son tor a longer lost-ng cable AScbcma. Kentucky. TSnod and Lcrbee produces me best Wo use onfy mo bost nuiatng Indana and throughout Cdo- mnng codes ava able and andjacketng material aval- rodo. Wyoming and Won The otters tre best customer service able,and we makoour own miners knowLorbee. and trust n the business it's a winning soft-drawn copper w*e.Cw our cooes. ::-:: • y .- Z~ '- • :'v-j customer servco 4 socond You already know laribeo (800)645-9622 to plocean to none. And fnaty. you can portoblo mining codes. Vou order or get more information.

wien^g-diLinc 101 Centre*Ave.ForTTmg3ao.Nfci1735l (516)293-8660

62 MotorSkills We've / got 'em

In Illinoismining country your total source for >A/C Motor Repair andTesting electro-mechanical equipment, repair and service Mush and Form Coil Rewinding is Decatur/Mt. Vernon Industrial Electric. Surge.High Pot and Megger Testing With two strategically placed service centers Full Voltage TestThru 4160V and 24-hour emergency service. DIE/MIEsupport is always minutes away from any Illinois mining site. • D/C Motor Repairand Testing DIE/MIE engineers can inspect and repair your Field Interpoleand Armature Rewinding electro-mechanical equipment on-site, or carryyour Surgeand High Frequency Testing equipment to the nearest DIE/MIEcenter for repair Full Voltage Testing Thru 500V and return it to your operation fast. 1 Mechanical Service Decatur/Mt. Vernon Industrial Electric Complete Machine Shop is a distributor for most of the electro-mechanical IRQ Analysis/Dynamic Balancing equipmentyou use now. So you should never suffer 200T Horizontal Press • 30T Crane Bay a delay while waiting for parts. For complete, dependable, electro-mechanical • 24-Hour Service service... your total source is Decatur/Mt. Vernon Industrial Electric.

DECATUR/MT.VERNDN YOUR TOTAL aECTRO-MECHANICAL industrial electric SOURCE

DECATUR Industrial Electric 1EOO N. 22nd Slroct • Decatur. Illinois 62525 • 1-80O-2S2-1598 • 217-1288621 MT. VERNON Industrial Electric 1313 Hartan Road • Ml. Vernon. Illinois 62864 • 1-3XZ338830 • 618244-4313

63 ^ SEMCOR 5432 HIGHLAND PARK DRIVE ST. LDDIS. MO. 6 3 110 PHDNE (3 14) 371-4777

STOCK AND FABRICATING DISTRIBUTORS OF:

Anaconda Metal Hose Assemblies, Devilbiss Paint Spray Equipment, Gears, and Sprockets, and Roller Chain Scardura Conveyor Belting Gates Hose and V-Belts

FOR INFORMATION ON MINING TRUCKS. PARTS AND THE RIMPULL PRODUCT LINE CONTACT: Marissa Service Center Providing local parts and service to our customers in Southern Illinois, Missouri and Western Kentucky.

RSmpuH Box 128, Junction 13 & 4 Hwy., Marissa, Illinois 62257 Phono 618-295-2326

64 In Service To

Illinois Coal

NORFOLK SOUTHERN CORPORATION

NORFOLK, VIRGINIA

and

POCAHONTAS LAND RATION

BLUEFIELD.W.VA.

65 At Norrls Screen & Manufacturing, Inc., we constantly strive to improve our product before our competition catches up!

Phone: 304/487-2478 & MANUFACTURING, INC. Put Norrts 814 S. Wlckham, AV Princeton, WV 24740 Under Your Product

CMI.idnCBHI U

Call us for best recommended,

Ml cost-effective products for your material handling needs Belting Goodyear Conveyor &Elevator Belting, MSHA Approved, Abrasion, Impact, and and Oil Resistant Components: Rexco Be|l Fasteners CutterSi Too|S| C|amps HD Mine-Built Pulleys, Holz Pulley Lagging, Conveyor Belt Idlers, Flexi- skirt Conveyor Skirtboard Systems. Bear Whip Conveyor Belt Cleaners Hose and Material Handling, Air, Water, Rock Dust, Spray, Hydraulic, Conduit, Steam Couplings: Hoses Flexible Tubing for Dust Control and Ventilation Chute Impact &Abrasion Resistant Rubber, UHMW, Urethane &Wire Cloth Lining: Shaker Screen Toll Free: 800-325-3882 I Collect in MO: 314-429-3131 V) [JO I Fax: 314-429-1699 J 10950 Linpage Place, St. Louis, MO 63132-1010

66 HVDRRULIC CVLIRDER R1USCLE RT THE PUSH OF R BUTTOR POWRPAK HYDRAULIC CYLINDER COMPLETE WITH INTEGRAL POWER UNIT AND AUTOMATIC VALVING

• Economical and trouble free, all weather operation. • No field piping required. • Simple to put into operation. Just mount the "Powr-Pak" and connect three wires to a power source through a reversing starter.* % to 10 HP motors as stan dard. Explosion proof through 3 HP. • Any cylinder bore size 2" and up. • Pres sures to 1500 PSI. • Any stroke length. • Mounting configuration to meet appli cation needs, i.e. fail safe, gravity return, hand pump for emergency operation. ROBERTS & SCHAEFER COMPANY standardized on " Power-Paks" for gate operation more than 10 years ago and have hundreds in operation. For further information contact:

fluid power spcciausTs

P.O.BOX 266 • 1890 mRflCHESTER RD

LUHEHTOn, Illinois B0IB7 • PHOflE: 312-653-0031

67 Stephen A. Certh Steven A. Smith President District Sales Representative

We Say: Thanks To All Of Our Illinois Mining Friends

11 S. Kentucky Avenue P.O. Drawer 4438 Evansville, Indiana 47711 812-464-3901

SERVING Contractors Mining Industrial

CUSTOMERS

Since 1961

Associate our name with quality products like:

American Mnfg. Gott Alemite HiTachi Power Tools Crosby Group Klein Columbus McKinnon Lincoln-St. Louis Cooper Group Master Locks Coffing Hoist Union Twist Drill Clemco Proto Dixon Couplers Ray-O-Vac Duff Norton Ridgid Eagle Warren Tool Wireco

68 THE FUTURE IS COAL

The World will place high demands on the Coal Industry lor its future energy needs ! ! !

rfOW*„ BEARING HEADQUARTERS CO. AHEADCOCOMPANY vfS^ WITH 39 LOCA TIONS IN MID-AMERICA

Will be here to help the Mining Industry meet those demands with a complete line of

BEARING AND POWER TRANSMISSION EQUIPMENT

We can supply from Stock ...

Bearings - Power Transmission Equipment - Bearing Assessories

Bearing Materials - Conveyor Equipment Components

Hose - Lubricants ana Lubrication Equipment - Packing Materials

—Complete Machine Shop Services—

Our Sales/Service Specialists can identify replacement parts on all of your equipment and are on call 24 hours a day to serve you. For a complete list of products, call or write any of these BEARING HEAD QUARTERS locations:

ILLINOIS Decatur Alt»n (217)422-9566 Mt. Vernon (618)4624)063 (800)942-8100(111 only) (618)242-7494 (800) 642-5530 (111. only) V' (800) 642-3358 (111. only) MISSOURI St. Louis (314)4324)700 (800) 392-1150 (Mo. only)

INDIANA

Lvansville Indianapolis Jcffersonville (812)423-5615 (317)545-2411 (812)282-6911

69 compliments of

LONG-AIRDOX CO A MEMBER OF THE MARMO.\ GROUP OF COMPANIES

OAK Hill, WV 35901

DISTRICT SALES OFFICE 8. WAREHOUSE

BENTON, IL

MORE COAL FROM THE MINES

70 BRAKE

SUPPLY

HYDRAULICS • PNEUMATICS LUBE EQUIPMENT • CLUTCHES BRAKES • DRIVELINES • HOSE AND FITTINGS • PACKINGS

BENDIX • BORG-WARNER • CHAR-LYNN • CHELSEA • C.P. COMMERCIAL SHEARING • DENISON • EATON • FAWICK GARLOCK • B.F. GOODRICH • GOOD YEAR • GRESEN HYDRECO • KELSEY-HAYES • LINCOLN • MICO MIDLAND • MUNCIE • PARKER-HANNIFIN • PRECO QUINCY • ROCKWELL-STANDARD • SIMPLEX • SPICER SUNDSTRAND • VICKERS • WABCO

4001 VOGEL ROAD EVANSVILLE, IN 47703 812-479-6881 24 HOUR SERVICE TOII PPCC. 800-457-5788 1 wl_l_ rnCC. In Indiana: 800-782-4638

71 Compliments of

AMERICAN MINE TOOL DIVISION Ini3 Products Corporation

5VLVAIMIA Mining Tools

MANUFACTURERS

of

CARBIDE TIPPED MINING TOOLS

James E. Turner Representative ROUTE 1 BOX9A CHRISTOPHER, ILLINOIS 62822

WAREHOUSES Beckley, West Virginia 25801 Carmichaels, Pennsylvania 15320 Birmingham, Alabama 35202-1891 Chilhowie, Virginia 24319 Logan, West Virginia 25601 Madisonville, Kentucky 42431 Price, Utah 84501 Shinnston, West Virginia 26431 West Frankfort, Illinois 62896

72 COMMERCIAL TESTING & ENGINEERING CO. EXECUTIVE OFFICES: 1919 S. HIGHLAND AVE., SUITE 210-B. LOMBARD. IL 60148

zlLSlNCt 1906

• COAL SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS • COAL WASHABILITY REPORTS A PREPARATION PLANT PERFORMANCE TESTS

A COAL CARBONIZATION ASSAYS

A ENVIRONMENTAL TESTING

OVER 40 BRANCH LABORATORIES THROUGHOUT THE UNITED STATES AND CANADA

IN THE ILLINOIS, INDIANA AND KENTUCKY AREAS: South Holland, IL Beaver Dam, KY Henderson, KY (312) 331-2900 (502) 274-9621 (502) 827-1187

Nalco Supports the Future of Illinois Coal

Quality Chemical Programs Effective, Reliable Service Automated Process Control Equipment

NALCO

NALCO CHEMICAL COMPANY 514 Earth City Expressway Suite 231 SL Louis, Missouri 63045 (314)739-4965 Looh to Nalco first for what's next'

73 Krebs Cyclonesfor all your coal preparati requirements. Krebs Cyclones offer reliable, low maintenance performance for all Classifying, Heavy Medium, and Water Onlyapplications. Krebs' experience and reputation are your guarantee that Krebs Cyclones will make the separations required to give high recovery of your coal values and assure the profitability of your coal preparation system.

1205 Chrysler Dr.,Menlo Park, CA 94025 Tel: (415) 325-0751 Telex: 34-8403 KREBJ Cable: Krebsengrs-Menlo Park •NOINIER

74 COAL DEDUSTING OIL

ANTI-FREEZE OIL

We can supply any viscosity oil to suit your particular requirements.

24-hour service by transport truck

or Shipped promptly by rail

CENTRAL PETROLEUM COMPANY P.O. Box 54 (618)548-1629

SALEM. ILLINOIS 62881 Equal Opportunity Employer

iiiiiiiii STRAEFFER Sales & Service, Inc.

PUMPS, WATER & SEWAGE SYSTEMS

The Most Complete Line of Pumps Serving the Coal Industry for 19 Years

Evansville, Indiana - 812/476-3075

75 Frontier-Kemper Constructors, Inc. "Excellence in Underground Construction"

P.O. Box 6548 Evansville, Indiana 47712 812-426-2741

Shaft Sinking and Equipping-Mine Development Raise Boring-Tunneling-Drifting Slopes and Declines-Turnkey Mine Construction Special Underground Structures Ground Freezing For Mine Applications

— Terra Freeze Division — Civil Works Ground Freezing and Stabilization We are Specialists in Underground, Mine-Related Construction, Our Only Business.

DURALINE INC. 615 WASHINGTON ROAD PITTSBURGH, PA. 15228

> HEAVY DUTY CHUTS UNWO <

A brasi on & Corrosi on Resistant Lining Materials (412) 563-3122

76 itiiIIer

IWH'WI-,| ELECTRIC L

ACETYLENE GAS COMPANY Manufacturers of Industrial Gases

Distributors of America's Finest Gas and Arc Welding Equipment

Sales of Industrial Gases, Electric Welding Equipment and Supplies

Petroff Road 1302 S. Tenth Street Benton, Illinois 62812 Mt. Vernon, Illinois 62864 (618) 439-7207 (618) 244-6320

77 Electric Motor Repair

• AC/DC motor repair • Dynamic balancing • Metallizing • Dynamometer testing with digital readout • Core loss testing • Surge testing • Water jacket testing • Pump repair • Complete machine shop • Vaccuum pressure impregnation • Epoxyiite V.P.I and resin • Epoxyiite incapsulation - available • Meets I.E.E.E.-429 short term water immersion test

24 Hour Emergency Service Call 502/835-7534

502-835-2373 502-825-1367

Ashby Electric Co., Inc. Madison St., P.O. Box 55 Sebree, KY 42455

78 Do You Need "Field-Oriented'' Maintenance On Your Portable Power System?

SALES AND SERVICE ON: • PLM Couplers • 3-M Electro Products • Cable Grips • Lugs & Sleeves • Push-Pull Connectors Splicing Aids Cablo Rebuilding n: "CONTACT" MAINLINE POWER PRODUCTS CO., INC. FRANKLIN COUNTY INDUS. PARK WEST FRANKFORT. ILL. 62896

618—937-2471

QUALITY HOISTS FOR EVERY JOB

SYSTEMS A SPECIALTY

Electric — Manual — Air Jib Cranes —Gantry Cranes 1/8 to 50 Tons Monorails — Fittings Heavy Duty —Wire Rope —Chain Curves — Switches Close Headroom —Spark Resistant Bridge Cranes Power Trolleys —Winches Grabs —Tongs — Slings Conductor Systems Crane Kits — Service Parts Quick Shipment — Local Stock Free Estimates $ ERIC HEILO CO.

79 MINE SAFE

STURGIS, KY (502) 333-5581 OUT OF STATE WATS 1-800-523-1579

Service and Supplies for Mining Safety Manufacturer of the MSHA approved "COMMUNICATOR"

Line of Mine Communications equipment Distributor of the complete line of

CSE MINE SERVICE PRODUCTS

Your Need is OUR MOST IMPORTANT CONSIDERATION

80 Compliments of:

FREDONIA VALLEY QUARRIES, INC.

Fredonia, Kentucky 42411

Phone 502.545-3351

Serving the coal industry with Rock Dust

land reclamation and water purification products.

BILL SEXTON

SEXTON HYDRAULICS, INC HYDRAULIC SALES AND SERVICE

P.O. BOX 404 MADISONVILLE, KY.42431 BUS. 502-821-2632

SI Serving Your Needs

24 hours 7 days a week

s U u N p L I p M L I I T E E S

PUMPS: Pump Parts-Many Kinds Pump Repairs

Parker Hannifin-Hydraulic Hose & Fittings

82 Compliments of:

SAFETY is our Prime Consideration!

(&j) KERR MCGEE COAL CORPORATION POS' OF"Cf BOX 7JI • MARRISBJRG. ILLINOIS B2W6

TEAMWORK MEANS coal ysyy'•' Company COAL MINED SAFELY'

331 SALEM PLACE FAIRVIEW HEIGHTS, ILLINOIS 62208 (618)624-3600

83 CAPITOL MACHINERY CO,

SPRINGFIELD CHAMPAIGN PEORIA 1-55 & Toronto Rd. 1-74 & Lincoln Ave. 2319 E.War Memorial Dr. 217/529-5541 217/359-1671 309/682-5481

Now providing 46 counties in Central Illinois with the complete line of Caterpillar products and Parts and Service support that will keep you more productive more days per year.

SALES • RENTALS LEASES

New and Used Equipment - Flexible Financing Equipment demonstrations at our site or yours.

c*tw«j>*. WtmB-

PARTS and SERVICE 7:30 AM - Midnight Monday - Friday 8:00 AM - Noon Saturday

FAST TURNAROUND TIME - FLAT RATE PRICING

84 MINEWELD, INC. EVERYTHING FOR WELDING

DISTRIBUTORS OF

Lincoln Milwaukee Tools Victor Channellock Tools Chemtron AMSCO

LOCATIONS

#9 Judith Lane Benton Ind. Park Cahokia, IL Benton, IL PH: 618-332-0595 PH: 618-439-9412

1234 Truman 636 So. Kingshighway Crystal City, MO Cape Girardeau, MO PH: 314-937-4661 PH: 314-335-3211

Mineweld, Inc. • Benton Ind. Park • Benton, IL 62812 • Charles E. Casey

Compliments of

COURSON CORING & DRILLING

R. R. 1 Box 38A

St. Peter, Illinois 62880

85 Precision Pulley For The Coal Industry

Precision Designed Pulleys, including our Engineered Class Dual Drum pulleys, are built to handle the toughest coal handling requirements. Today, the Coal Industry demands more than just a quality product. It demands experienced assistance from project conception through project start-up. The Precision Pulley Team meets those demands with experienced people, a quality product and dedication to total service. Precision Conveyor Pulleys are a result of this total team effort. Productivity...Performance...Profitability... It S rreCISlOn. For more information please contact us at: (prehsion

Box 108, M/M|f Pella, Iowa 50219

Mechanical Telephone Power Transmission 515-628-3115 Association

86 87 There are three basic ways to couple two shafts...

• [) Steelflex" coupling All-metal, yet torsionally flexible.

Torus'- coupling 'Soft" but tough, and non-lubricated. 3

Gear coupling Maximum capacity per pound.

Only Falk has them all.

The Falk Corporation, subsidiary of Sundstrand Corporation Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53201 FALK 7311'AIKo-d o qood no-, i« i«dw,»,v' — t«g US 'o' CM. a good name in industry The Original ROLLING RING CRUSHER MEETS THE DEMANDS of the

COAL INDUSTRY

Capacities 1 Ton to 600 Tons per Hour

Typo "AC" for reducing egg and nut to domottic itoker sizes. Thit crusher produces a product con taining no oversizo and a small percentage of fines.

The "S" type crusher for reducing efficiently R. O. M. or lump to screenings in one operation. These crushers were designed to give constant and continuous opera tion.

Model 15x9 American Sample Crusher, for capacities up to 2,000 lbs. per hour. For larger capacities, we recommend the American "13" Series (capacities up to 6 tons per hour). Also available with new Sampling Hopper.

Our engineers will welcome the opportunity to discuss the detailed mechanics of these units. Put your reduction problems up to us. Write For Laboratory Bulletin AMERICAN PULVERIZER COMPANY 5540 West Park Avenue St. Louis, Missouri 63110

89 SPECIALISTS IN FLUID POWER, POWER TRANSMISSION AND PUMP APPLICATION ENGINEERING FLUID POWER - Denison, Rex Roth, Westinghouse Air Brake POWER TRANSMISSION - Stephens- Adamson, Dodge Mfg. Co., Jeffrey, Browning Mfg. Co. PUMPS — Peerless, Worthington, Marlow, Warren Rupp 1221 Hulman Street 1701 North Heidelbach Avenue 5111 East 65th St. Terre Haute, IN 47802 Evansville, IN 47711 Indianapolis, IN 46228 812-232-0156 812-425-1333 317-253-5335

Resun Plug Valves Complete Line of lubricated Plug Valves. Materials include Ductile Iron, Semi-Steel, Carbon Steel, Stainless (formerly W-K-M/ACFI Steel, Aluminum Bronze, and Naval Bronze. Plugs available in a variety of port styles. Sizes from 'A"-24'

WKM-ACF BALL VALVES FULL & REDUCED PORT

KEY PIPE JOINT COMPOUND AND GRAPHITE PASTE

KORFUND PRODUCTS TO CONTROL VIBRATION & NOISE Noisoguard Flexible Acoustical VIBRATION/SHOCK ISOLATORS Curtains and Foams Capable of providing up to 40 db reduction in critical higher frequencies, ACOUSTICAL STttt SPRING Korlund's flexible acoustical VI8RO ISOLATORS STRIP DOORS curtains are available with and .t en-fenc* •M.I.TO" without special acoustical foam Transparent backing lor use as partitions, Energy Saving partial and total enclosures, pipe and duct wrapping, and Tearprool offer an economical and Flexible practical solution to the environmental noise problem. HIMELBLAU, BYFIELD & CO. OFFICES AND WAREHOUSE

1530 N. Mannheim Rd. STONEPARK, ILLINOIS 60165 FUX MOSf Phones: (3121-829-5450

90 Fairmont Supply Company isthe largest and most progressive min ing products distributor in the nation. Our 31 strategically located warehouses serve a broad marketing area comprising all or part of over a dozen states in the north eastern, central, and western United States.

Illinois' only Full Line

Mining Products

Distributor.

Fairmont's facility in MT. VERNON has rapidly geared-up over the past several years to meet the growing needs of the midwestern coal industry. We are now stocking over 400 lines of quality mining and industrial products — the most complete selection available from one supplier. Our multimillion dollar inventory is tailored to the mining industry's re quirements. We provide technical assistance in the application of our product lines through our highly qualified Engineered Pro ducts Group. Fairmont's modern systems contracting capabili ty can reduce your paper, procurement and handling costs in ad dition to reducing your inventory investment. Our own truck fleet assures you of reliable delivery service as you need it.

The Fairmont Supply team has been serving the mining industry for over 60 years. Call us at MT. VERNON and find out what over six decades of mining experience can do for you!

91 92 CountOn MSA.

Count on MSA for more than just quality protective products. Count on us for help in training your employees in proper product use and care. For local stocking and nationwide service and repair facilities. And for the kind of help you need in dealing with local, state and federal mining regulations. And it's all just a phone call away. To learn more about the more than 4,000 MSAproducts for miners' protec tion and the kind of customer service you've come to expect from an industry leader, call your nearest MSA stocking location at (314) 872-9331. Or write MSA, 2053 Congressional Drive, St. Louis, MO 63146.

AA5A

93 Wherecoal is,weare.

World's largest independent Bruening Bearings, Inc. distributor for all leading makes of ILLINOIS KENTUCKY bearings, power transmission Alton -162-8818 Paducah 442-6331 components, and related products. Granite City 451-0166 MISSOURI Our experienced bearing and PT Decatur 4290300 St. Louis 533-0837 specialists are backed by a JetlersonCity 635-7971 computerized inventory coast to coast. Call us tor off-the-shelf Bearings, Inc. delivery. INDIANA Lalayetle 447-0546 Terre Haute 2381611

Track-type tractors 60-770 HP Scrapers-Loaders- Trucks-Backhoes and more. Quality Cat equipment for overburden removal, haul road maintenance, loading & on-site transportation. Engines for pumps, electrical generators from 70-6000 HP and from 36-4910 Kilowatts

Sales • Service • Rentals

YOUR CATERPILLAR DEALER

Fabick Machinery Co. • Marion, IL • 618-997-1881 Caterpillar, Cat and Q] are trademark o( Caterpillar Inc.

94 I YOUR ST. LOUIS PUMP HOUSE 534-3100 WORTHINOTON • PEABODYBARNES • SUNDYNE ECO • WILOEN • TUTHIU. • FYBROC • OALIOHER-ASH LOCAL STOCK PUMPS & PARTS • RELD & SHOP SERVICES INDUSTRIAL PROCESS EQUIPMENTCOMPANY 2812 LOCUST • ST. LOUIS, MISSOURI S3103

Farrar Pump & Machinery Co.

1701 S. Big Bend Blvd. St. Louis, Missouri 63117

EVERYTHING IN PUMPS"

95 With the most complete stock of mining products on hand...

ANIXftt Keeps you going...

Moldod Pothoads Cable Reconditioning

Anixler Cable Service oilers complete molded pothead terminations on high voltage SHD-GC and MPF-GC cables thru 25kV. Stressconesare installed in the potheads of shielded cables, unless specilied to be installed in the leads.

Electrical Couplers and Connectors ~X2-

Electrical couplers, connectors and termina tions are used in most cable applications Acomplete lineot <47* Anixter maintains a complete stock these items are in stock at Anixter, ol cable repair systems lor permanent including explosion proof tkV couplers. repair ol all portable mining cables.

1986Anixter Bros.. Inc. We're Serious About Service ANixre* BROS.INC. 2201 Main St., Evanston, IL 60202 — Call Collect (312) 869-8000 2461 Directors Row, Suite J, Indianapolis, IN46241 — Call Collect (317) 243-2008 9449Aerospace Dr., St. Louis, MO 63134 — Call Collect (314) 423-6161 CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS: ANIXTER BROS.. INC., 4711 Golf Road, Skokie, IL 60076 (312)677-2600 Telex: 289464

96 • Vibrating Feeders • ELIPTEX® heavy-duty standard and custom-designed feeders • New VAREX SR Variable Rate Feeders • Vibrating Screens • VIBREX® inclined, D ELIPTEX® horizontal, • GYREX- 4-bearing inclined, D extra-heavy-duty scalping and I '. custom-designed screens • Coal Processing Equipment DELIPTEX® dewaterizers, • VIBREX scalping and sizing screens • Car Shakeouts • Heay-duty cartop shakeouts and • limited-duty trackside shakeouts for coal, ore, and chemicals • Crushers and Plants • Jaw, • cone, • impact, • hammermill and Uroll crushers and D portable crushing plants • Conveyor Idlers • TUFFGARD® Urethane Wear Products • TUFFDEX® Modular Urethane Screen Panels Hewitt (O Robins

HEWITT-ROBINS CORP. Box 23227 270 Passaic Ave Columbia SC 29224 Passaic NJ 07055 803-788-1424 201-777-5500

97 That's how the Deister SuperScalper came to be. When increased quantitiesoflow grade coal reduced the capacities of fine coalcleaningdevices, the profes sionals at Deister listened to your problem. Then we designed an innovative means to scalp out excess refuse and increase production within a limited space. The SuperScalper is rugged, dependable, time-saving, and cost-efficient. Best of all, it's Deister. We build what you want the way you want it.

DEBIERTin1 DeisterCuncenlratorCompany. Inc. P.O. Box1. 901Glasgow Avenue. ForiWayne. Indiana 46801.1219) 424-5128. Telex 23-2428.

98 As the coal industry adapts to keep pace with changing energy needs, Deister is at the forefront ofinnovation. Using computer mathematical models and extensive pilottesting, we've de veloped a revolutionary new flotation cell called the Fiotaire. With lower operating costs and higher efficiency than standard mechanicalcells, the Fiotaire will change the way fine coal is recovered. Depend on the Deister team of professionals for re search and development that makes a name for itself. And a product for you.

DEISTER7heDeister Concentrator Company. Inc. P O.BoxI. 901Glasgow Avenue. Fort Wayne. Indiana 40801, (219) 424-5128. Telex 23-2428.

99 MERIT Jjiudc parrfA. £rWh&GJL Company.

PARTS • SUPPLIES • EQUIPMENT for TRUCKS • BUSSES • TRAILERS

1559 So. Wabash Ave. Phone CHICAGO, ILL. 60605 (312) 427-3788

IEMENS

Siemens Energy & Automation, Inc.

1111 Plaza Drive Schaumburg, IL 60195

(312)519-4300

100 GA1ILEY SALES company

Specialists in

Replacement Parts

for Underground Mining

Equipment for

Over Twenty-five Years.

"Our tradition is quality and service."

Other Locations P.O. Box 312 Hico, W VA Route 6 Logan, W VA Marion, IL 62959 Washington, PA (618) 997-6475 Harlan, KY Night Calls Providence, KY (618) 997-4557 Robinson Creek, KY (618) 983-5860 Oakwood, VA 24-Hour Service

101 Two-speed geared steering on the Dresser TD-25G maintains power to both tracks at all times, so you can push a load through a turn quickly and smoothly. Two-speed geared steering YOUR also provides better control for greater accuracy and efficiency. Hold uneven loads, up to 12.5 yd3 (9.56m3), more effectively. Bench slopes GROUND. without being sucked into the bank. And push-load scrapers while maintaining full contact with the stinger. The TD-25G also features a modular power train which makes field service quick and easy, for increased equipment availability. To keep you from losing ground on your schedule, the TD-25G is backed by the expert service and support only MIT can provide. So, for more information about the TD-25G or any of our other rugged DRESSER construction equipment, contact your MIT sales representative. MIX MISSOURI-ILLINOIS TRACTOR & EQUIPMENT CO.. INC. SI. Louis, Missouri (314) 731-1330 From Surrounding States 1-800-325-4644 Capo Girardeau. Missouri (314) 334-5252 Columbia, Missouri (314) 443-1441 Marion. Illinois (618) 997-1383 From Surrounding States 1-800-441-0833 1&C flcUli&f, &«&««&&{

102 Only Helwic

Red Top Brushes Constant Pressure Brush Holders Helwig Quick Disconnect Terminals Plus the exclusive ComGuard Monitoring System for motor and generator brushes.

• HELWIC i CARBON PRODUCTS, INC. 2550 N. 30th Street • Milwaukee, Wl 53210 • 414/372-3113

YOU GET SUPERIOR SERVICE FROM SUSMAN'S SUPERIOR BRAND WIPERS

Guaranteed Sterile—All Susman wiping ior Brand wipers are available in new easy to rags are washed and sterilized in our own stack cartons in 5, 10, 25 and 50 pound sizes sterilization laundry. Wipers are cut to use and bales from 100 to 1,000 pounds. Orders able size and metallic substances are re of 250 pounds or more are shipped prepaid. moved for safe usage. We've been in business over 42 years serving Immediate Service—All orders are filled all kinds of industry throughout the United within 24 hours or faster when necessary. States. Our central location gives you the fastest Your inquiries are invited. Adequate samples truck or rail service possible. furnished on request. Wire, write or call col We Pack To Your Specifications—Super lect. .. 314-421-4487.

SUSMAN WIPING MATERIALS COMPANY, INC. 420 East De Soto Avenue St. Louis, Missouri 63147 ' "USMAH Pi UPERIORjl Manufacturers of Sterilized Wiping Cloths • New and Reclaimed Cheesecloth • Mill Ends Remnants • Waste • Specialties

103 Fast one-source 137 North service for all of Wabash your reproduction (ACROSS FROM MARSHALL FIELDS. requirements SOUTH OF RANDOLPH) CHICAGO. IL 60602 PHOTOMECHANICAL SERVICES BLUE PRINTS. WHITE PRINTS. SEPIA Telephone: INTERMEDIATES ON PAPER OR MYLAR 372-8600 OFFSET PRINTING • MAGI-COPY las! printingservice

MORE THAN 50 105mm and 35mm MICROFILM SERVICE

MESSENGERS DRAFTING SUPPLIES AND FURNITURE

ALFRED MOSSNER COMPANY • FOR MORE THAN 60 YEARS

YOUR RESOURCE FOR • Trolley Line Systems • Communication Systems • High- & Low-Voltage Connectors • Ground Circuit Monitors

• Methane Monitors

• Motor Protectors • Vacuum Circuit Breakers

OHIO BRASS

ASUBSIDIARY OF HUBBELL INCORPORATED ^hubbeuJ O-B/ENSIGN. Huntington. WV 25778; Phone 304-529-3311 OHIO BRASS. Manslield. OH 44903; Phone 419-522-7111

104 105 QUALITY KNU INHERED PRODUCTS

COMPI I 11 LINE OF ROCK DUS1 INC EQUIPMEN1 . ROCKDUST SYSTEMS AND STORAGE BINS • AUXILIARY FACE LANS COMPRESSOR CARS • ELECTRIC AND DIESEI POWERED UNDERGROUND TRANS PORTERS • MOIill I SERVICE CENTERS

_...." • | , - .•

R.L.Lcc Corn. ALLCO a Salem company

WEST VIRGINIA OIVISION MEMCO DIVISION PO Bo. 99. tesier. vw 36865 PO Bo> 2370 Ml Vernon IL 62864 304/9346361 616/242-6065

106 JAKE'S TIRE COMPANY

Servicing Underground and Surface Coal Mines in the Tri-State Area

See Us for All Your TYR-FIL Needs.

Harrisburg, III. Marion, III. 618-253-7250 618-997-6307

Benton, III. Terre Haute, Ind. 618-439-3159 812-232-1351

Canton, III. Boonville, Ind. 309-647-0823 812-897-3184

Mattoon, III. Percy, III. 217-235-5669 618-497-8311

107 9years in the minewithout a break.

This Flexco" SRT Tool has worked in the mine for nine years, three shifts a day. instal ling thousands of belt splices and absorbing tons of punishment without ever breaking down. Not even once. But that's not unusual for Flexco. Other SRT tools have been doing the job in the mine for years without ever adding a min ute of downtime. Why do Flexco tools last so long? Because we don't take any shortcuts when we make them. All are designed for simple, reliable o 00 operation. It's a tool a man can rely on for years. Without troubles, maintenance or worries. So go with the system you can count on. And hammer on. And step on. Go with Flexco. We don't promise it, we prove it. Call for a free demonstration. Flexible Steel Lacing Company 2525 Wisconsin Avenue Downers Grove, IL 60515. U.S.A. (312) 971-0150. Telex #72-8383.

Down To Earth Quality. ^Vansville MEMBER ^^lectric

& MANUFACTURING CO., INC. 600 W. EICHEL AVE.- R O. BOX -4-7 17 • EVANSVILLE, INDIANA -47711

812-426-2224 DURING NORMAL WORKING HOURS 6:00 AM - 5:00 PM

812-426-2227 EMERGENCY CUSTOMER SERVICE 5:00 PM - 6:00 AM

TOLL FREE CUSTOMER SERVICE IN-STATE OUT-OF-STATE 1-800-331-1478 1-800-262-1952

* 24 HOUR AROUND THE CLOCK SERVICE AVAILABLE * * FREE PICK-UP & DELIVERY UTILIZING FULL SERVICE FLEET * * ALL REPAIRS WARRANTED FOR (1) FULL YEAR *

ELECTRIC SHOP SERVICES MACHINE SHOP SERVICES "ON-SITE" SERVICES

STOCKING DISTRIBUTOR FOR: Emerson Electric Motors and Solid State AC/DC Drives Siemens Energy & Automation Programmable Controllers, Motor Controls, and Vertical & Horizontal Motors U.S. Electric Motors Horizontal, Vertical, Gear. Parallel, Right-Angle, and Variable Speed Motors

CERTIFIED SERVICE CENTER FOR: • Siemens Electric Motors • Emerson Electric Controls • US Electric Motors • AC Compressors • Reliance Electric Motors

109 [INDUSTRIAL LECTRIC UPPLY AND OTOR EPAIR

MEETING ALL YOUR INDUSTRIAL ELECTRICAL NEEDS SINCE 1971

• Wire • Circuit Breakers • Motor, Motor Control • Transformers • Lighting Fixtures • Tools, Testers • Electric Heat • COMPLETE MOTOR REPAIR SERVICE

[Integrity Experience Service

3326 EAST BROADWAY • ALTON, ILLINOIS 62002 618-463-0333

110 THE MINING TRADITION CONTINUES.

The University of Wisconsin - Platteville NOW OFFERS

A Surface Mining Emphasis in Civil Engineering

For details contact:

Mining Emphasis Coordinator Dept. of Civil Engineering 1 University Plaza Platteville, Wisconsin 53818 (608) 342-1554 (608) 342-1543

in (^ has the right Continuous Centrifugal Dryer for the job you have to do

MODEL VC-48 Continuous vibrating centrifugal dryer, shown here, is the newest CMI dryer. Write for complete details. No obligation.

Various size CMI Dryers are available to de-water coal and other granular materials to as low as 2°/° surface moisture and 99.5°/° recovery of solids. Ca pacities, for example, up to 170 tph of 1 Vi" x 28

m coal.

Wrife for complete details.

CENTRIFUGAL & MECHANICAL INDUSTRIES, INC.

146 PRESIDENT STREET . SAINT IOUIS 18. MISSOURI

112 185yearsof Du Pont experience just got

ETI Now from ETI comes quality explosive products and services through the same experienced distributors

Du Pont has been providing the coal, mining, quarry, construction, and oil exploration industries with superior explosives for almost two centuries. These same products and services will continue without interruption under a new name...Explosives Technologies International. From black powder to dynamite, from ANFO to TOVEX" water gels and TOVAN" EXTRA" emulsion blends- people have made the difference. You can be assured that the same explosives representatives and distributors who have been supplying you with quality products will con tinue to work with you to meet your specific needs. Looking ahead, ETI research-in-progress will develop new techniques and new products to improve blasting efficienciesand help you gain greater profitability. Our 185 years of experience give us the confidence to meet your requirements...now and into the future.

Explosives Technologies International Coal Region • 2525 Harrodsburg Road • Suite 200• Lexington, KY40504 (606)223-5160 (800)8450444

113 AfJOY That commitment to service comes W© S©rVIC6 with every Joy machine and part you WtiatWe Sell tO purchase. It's one of the many things themininCJ that makes Joy the industry leader in indUStry. underground coal mining machinery.

JOY-i^w- TECHNOLOGIESJ0Y INC. BOX 717, CANONSBURG. PA 15317

114 THE MINE SUPPLY CO.

Offering A Complete Line Of Mining Supplies Flygt Submersible Pump & Repair Center • Peabody ABC Ventilation Tubing-Rigid and Flexible, Brattice Cloth, and Ventilation Fans • Wilden Pumps and Parts • Steel Pipe and Fittings • Hughes (McSweeney) Twist Lock Drill Steel • Williams Hand Tools • Dayco Industrial and Hydraulic Hose and Fittings • Trident Hydraulic Adapters • Dixon Hose Fittings • Victaulic Couplings and Groove Fittings • Leschen Wire Rope and Slings • Hartzell Ventilation Fans • Electrical Wire, Cable and Electrical Tape • Campbell and Crosby Chain and Fittings • Mining Boots and Clothing • Valves and Fittings • Eaton and Harrington Hoists • Collins Miners' Axes • Ames Shovels • Varel Mfg. Mining and Oil Field Bits • Enerpac Hydraulic Tools

"WE WANT TO SERVE YOU" 618-242-2087 1703 Shawnee, Mt. Vernon, IL 62864

115 Area Sales Representative: J. Bowman & Associates, Inc. P. O. Box 9186, St. Louis, MO 63117 (314) 863-8318 Optaiign.» ^oofiuM-Jr The Laser The Laser Shaft Alignment System CMEJE3 For "ON-STREAM" machinery

ULTIMATE STATE-OF-THE-ART TECHNOLOGY

• Easy to use /////// | No dial Indicators - No sag problems Machine expansion (thermal growth) >Works with coupling in-place or broken ' Quick-tit belt brackets for shaft dla. from 5/8" up • PERMANENT OR TEMPORARY • Measures and displays "soft foot" condition MON'TORING OF TWO OR MORE • Displays parallel offset and angularityat coupling MACHINERY ELEMENTS i Permits entry of target specs, for thermal growth • ALIGNMENT CHANGES OF OVER 1/2" <180° rjtation sufficient when swing obstructed CAN BE MONITORED i Special roller brackets available when shaft • OUTPUT SIGNAL: DIRECT READING rotation impossible AT TRANSDUCER OR RS 232 1Computer directed and monitored horizontal moves INTERFACE. Also available in INTRINSICALLY SAFE version

The Professional Eddytherrn Bearing Heater • AUTOMATIC DEMAGNETIZING • INDEPENDENT DEMAGNETIZING • TIME CONTROL • TEMPERATURE CONTROLTO 465° F • TEMPERATURE HOLDING • INSTANTANEOUS DISPLAY OF ACTUALTEMPERATURE

Eddytherrn* Mix Eddytherrn* Ix Eddytherrn* 1-6 Problems in handling and processing ofoulk materials...

)•'•'••-'?•. and no solutions? t -••- Call MPS... I

•'••...•S'--

H

&2&

MINE AND 'PROCESS SERVICE INC. P.O. Box 484/Kewanee, Illinois 61443/309-852-6529 ^#^•1 WII 1^4 II I^T The Macwhyte Company, •• "^ ^1 a wire rope spe- mining^ hr industry,#serving««sall phases C^^M #^^ J^^Mi of the Mining Industry for over 90 years. I^IJl OyMl From our years of close association with ^^ ^^ ^* surface mines, Macwhyte understands the ^\^\ ,^ m exceptional demands placed upon mining Vll I \^jfl|^«l*CL ropes. Today, as in the past, we can %J\J # ^5l %Jm im supply a wide range of wire rope con- m structions to provide the right combina tion of wear and fatigue resistance, strength, and other properties to meet these unique rope demands. The wire rope constructions that Macwhyte provides for dragline, shovel, and processing plant applications are specifically designed for the types of loading, external wear, bending, and vibrational stresses that these ropes are subjected to. Macwhyte rope is manufactured from the finest raw materials and fabricated by experienced personnel. Pro duct quality is continuously monitored during all phases of manufactur ing. Macwhyte's product quality and engineering expertise combine to help achieve the longest possible rope life. "\m«stRd

MACWHYTE* Wire Rope Road, Kenosha, Wl 53141 Tel.:(414) 654-5381

118 1DUKBNE MINING PRODUCTS GROUP

Manufacturers of

TROLLEY LINE MATERIALS Complete line including: Expansion Bolts, Hangers Trolley and Feeder Wire Clamps and Splicers, Fuse Nips, Sectionalizing Switches, Sliders, Pliers, Hooks, Frogs. REDipt®and GREEN DUKES® BOLTS (Standards and Specials) SOCKET HEAD CAP SCREWS (1936 and 1960 Series) MINING MACHINE PARTS • TOOLS CAR HOLDS, SKIDS, SLEDS, HOOKS • BLACKSMITH LOCOMOTIVE AND MINE CAR PINS AND LINKS

M Manufactured Bv Duquesne mine Sufflv company two cross street pittsburgh. pennsylvania is20b P Phone (.412) 821-2100 Sold Only By Full Line G quality mine products — since 1919 M Dukane Distributors

htgHrnulitzs:,umjc. Div. of National Mine Service Co.

P.O. BOX 191 NASHVILLE, ILLINOIS 62263

Duke Snyder Division Manager

Dave Wojtowicz Gary Richards Sales Representative Sales Engineer Shop 618-327-3095 Shop 618-327-3095 618-327-3096 618-327-3096

119 OLD BEN COAL COMPANY rOLD MBEN J ILLINOIS DIVISION

Where Safety and Product Go Hand In Hand.

Illustrations reproduced with the permission of Skelly and Loy. Engineers. Consultants

120 a good bit better

dt i j i

. « Let us prove it. Contact: Kennametal Inc. Coal and Construction Tool Division P.O. Box 161 Bedford, PA 15522 phone 814/623-2711

IZKENNAMETAL

I2l FMC payload savings plan

Between the digging and the burning, you need to move coal efficiently to keep your operation profitable.

That's why FMC Corpo ration's Syntron® and Link-Belt® feeders, belt conveyor idlers and screens are built to withstand the most Vibrating Feeders grueling conditions. They can save you money on installation and maintenance. And improve your bottom line.

Make the move today. Reliable equipment from FMC Corporation can move your opera tion toward better output, better profits.

For information contact Belt Conveyor Idlers our Material Handling Equipment Division, Regional Sales Office, 125 Windsor Drive, Suite 128, Oak Brook, IL 60521 (312)325-3250.

-FMC

Vibrating Screens

122 miii

D^^eabody Coal Company was founded !I in Illinois over 100 years ago. By1895,the cornerstone of the company's operations was firmly laidwith the opening of Peabody's first mine in Williamson County. More mines followed...and still more Illinois mines opened...

Today Peabody's Illinois Division produces approximately 10 million tons annually. That production represents almost a $250 million investment in the form of wages, fringe benefits, taxes and pur chased goods and services within the Illinois community.

Peabody is proud of its Illinois opera tions and the men and women whose dedi cated efforts place them among the most productive, safest coal mines not just in Illinois but in the entire country. PEABODY DEVELOPMENT COMPANY: America's largest marketer of coal...our Nation's most abundant fuel.

Springfield

Location Map State of Illinois 1. Baldwin 2. Eagle No. 2 3. Marissa t) rnFairview 4. Mine No. 10 U_ Heights • Mt. Vernon 5. River King No. 1 ©© 6. River King No. 6

•

Peabody Development Company is the D © principal sales agent for Peabody Coal in Galatia domestic and international markets. The company's IllinoisSales Office is located in Fairview Heights, Illinois. Building Better Mining Lines. Midwest Steel understands and appreciates the mining industry. We're stocked and ready to deliver new, relay and crane rail, plus a full range of accessories, including bolts, spikes, steel ties, crossties, frogs, switches and turnouts. Safety and productivity— Midwest Steel will help you meet your goals.

P.O. Box 1243 1107 22nd Street Granite City, IL 62040 618-452-7310 STEEL FAX: 618 876-6927 A division of Midwest CorpOfalion

COAL AGE SERVICE CORPORATION P. 0. BOX 8 WHITTINGT0N, ILLINOIS 62897 (618) 629-2366

EXPERIENCED MANUFACTURER AND REPAIR OF MINING EQUIPMENT-AUTHORIZED SALES AND SERVICE FOR GENERAL BATTERIES, HERTNER CHARGERS, RAMSEY WINCHES, V0ITH FLUID COUPLINGS.

125 Gooding has been the favored name in rubber goods in this area for more than 50 years. The reason? Long-lasting rubber products and skilled professional service. We maintain a large inventory of quality Goodyear belting, hose, and hydraulic hose assemblies — for all your mining needs. And our expert technicians can help you with your design, installation, and service problems. Remember Gooding...it's the one name to call. GOODING RUBBER COMPANY 1200 S. Blakely Street Benton, III. 62812 (618)435-8104 411 E. Plainfield Rd. La Grange, III. 60525 (312) 354-2270 GOOD/YEAR Conveyorbelting, hose,hose assemblies, and abrasion- resisting rubber products

Service is our first consideration

126 HYDMUJUC TRUSS TENSIONING TOOL

Comfortable balanced design. Used with popular truss systems in underground mining

FEATURES

ALL STEEL CONSTRUCTION ALUMINUM VALVE WEIGHS 25.5 LBS. APPROX. 100 RPM @ 9 6 PM A. Approx. 250 ft.lb. of torque @ 1800 PSI B. Approx. 200 ft.lb. of torque @ 1500 PSI CONTINUITY OF TENSION ort all cross members attained by setting pressure & oil flow

PATENT PENDING

P.O. BOX 656 - BENTON, ILLINOIS 62812 Lebco (618)439-6345

127 SERVING THE MINING INDUSTRY WITH COMPLETE STOCKS OF

BEARINGS AND OIL SEALS V-BELTS AND PULLEYS ROLLER CHAIN & SPROCKETS 4 ELECTRIC MOTORS & DRIVES GEAR REDUCERS & COUPLINGS CONVEYOR BELTING & HOSE

601 South 10th Street Ml. Vernon, IL 62B64 Phone (618) 244-5353

WITH TISON & HALL'S Tongue & Groove block

Phone 253-7808-253-7645

Manufactured By: Tison & Hall Concrete Product 210 N. COMMERCIAL HARRISBURG, ILLINOIS 62946

128 ©) Tribol

Imperial Oil & Grease Company announces a change in corporate identity

We are now Tribol

Leaders in High Performance Lubrication Technology

Our new name, Tribol, is derived from tribology, the new technology of interacting surfaces in relative motion. It rellects our leadership in the field of high performance lubrication technology.

A Tradition of Excellence

Since 1945. we have been leading the quest to conquer friction through our line of advanced technology lubricants marketed under the brand names of Molub-Alloy and Tribol.

Partners in High Performance Backed by Strong Resources We work closely with each of our We are a subsidiary of ICI, one of customers to develop individual the world's largest chemical com ized lubrication and maintenance panies. We are proud to be part of support programs. We have achieved a company that has long been remarkable success in increasing recognized for its innovative re the productivity and profitability search and significant contributions of our industrial customers in more to the chemical industry. than 45 countries worldwide. Looking Forward to New Challenges Comprehensive Support As Tribol, we look forward to con We provide a full spectrum of tinuing to serve our customers by support services, including com developing the highest quality pro puterized maintenance software, ducts and providing the most so on-site preventive maintenance phisticated and comprehensiveser programs, training support, and vice and support to open up new performance analysis studies. dimensions in productivity.

Tribol A mombor ol the ICI Group World Headquarters 21031 Ventura Doulovard, Woodland Hills, California 91364-2297 Molub-Alloy Tolophono (818| 888-0808 Tolox 4720069 Fax (818) 884-1885 Tribol

129 When Quality and Service Matter

Serving the Coal Industry With Treated and Untreated • Timbers • Roof Boards

R.R. 3, P.O. Box 262M • MadisonviUe, KY 42431 Phone 502-825-3790 • Indiana Line 219-659-4255

MANUFACTURING COMPANY PROPELLER WALL FANS GRAVITY ROOF VENTS POWER ROOF VENTS WALL LOUVRES

Manufacturers Representative

4650 WEST 120TH STREET • ALSIP, ILLINOIS 60658 312-371-2260

130 •

arathon

NDUSTRIES

ACME - manufacturer and replacement parts KERSEY • sales reps for scoops and parts GULLICK DOBSON & FSW - OEM PARTS REPLACEMENT PARTS - for most major equipment DISTRIBUTOR for BICC Cable, Cincinnati Mine Machine, D&E Drill Steel, Ensign, Hughes, J&R Plugs, Laribee Cable, Linkbelt Chain, McSweeney, Ohio Brass, Okiniie Cable, Union Chain.

1110 Casey Street 000 Main Street Mt. Vernon, Illinois Madisonville, Kentucky (618)242-2860 (502)821-4230

Other Locavons Bessemer, AL • Bridgeport, WV •Jenkins, KY • Logan, WV • Price, UT Corporate Offices &Manufacturing Facility P. O. Box 1926 • Huntington, West Virginia 25720 • 1-800-624-8535

131 RETURN TO BASICS!

introducing AMSl wetdrum and suspended magnetic separators that outperform thecompetition.

Backed by 35 years of technical design experience, Applied Mag netic Systems, Inc. now offers a full line of separators to meet your magnetic recovery and removal needs. By utilizing many of the original manufacturing ideas, AMSl wet drum separators permit up to 99.8% heavy media recovery due to heavy-duty components and no-skimp construction. And AMSl suspended separators, using the "rediscovered" two pulley design, provide virtually maintenance- free operation. Coupled with a complete aftermarket service program and expert design assistance, AMSl magnetic separators will outperform any system in use today. AMSl features: PERMANENT MAGNET WET DRUM UNITS • All Stainless Steel Construction • Full Width Magnets and Weirs • Removable Bearings • Up To 120" Widths and 48" Diameters ELECTROMAGNETIC SUSPENDED UNITS* Shaft Mounted Reducers • Heavy-duty Belts • Large Dielectric Gap Wound Coils • Choice of Mountings AMSl also offers the most complete line of permanent and electromagnetic pulleys and drums.

If you need the best, return to basics with AMSl for quality, service and reliability. Your District Representative is: FLEETWOOD SALES, INC. 1-312-920-9050 APPLIED mACRETK: SWrEfTlS, IfK. 8000 S. Madison St.. Burr Ridge. IL 60521 P.O. Box 20911 • Greenfield, Wl 53220

132 Put an end to costly concrete stoppings.

Jack Kennedy standard steel stopping system is effective, efficient, economical.

Jack Kennedy steel stoppings for controlling ventilation air in underground mines are a proven economical alternative to laborious, time-consuming concrete blocks. One-foot-wide telescoping steel panels, quickly installed under pressure, yield to ground heave and pillar expansion to maintain a tight, sure seal. Use them for permanent stoppings or re-use again and again as temporary installations. Man doors are available. Send today for free catalog showing our full line of products for the mining industry.

Jack Kennedy Metal Products & Buildings, Inc. P.O. Box 38 Taylorville. Illinois 62568 Phone (217) 287-7231. 824-8813. 824-8060

133 KANAWHA RECIPROCATING PLATE FEEDERS

FOR DEPENDABLE, EFFICIENT, ECONOMICAL FEEDING AND UNLOADING

Kanawha Feeders, for over 40 years, have served the coal industry as a dependable, efficient, economical unit for feeding various materials in controlled quanti ties, and for unloading from bins, hoppers, storage silos and storage piles. They can be furnished in several models, such as Medium Duty, Heavy Duty, Duplex and Grizzly with an option for either fixed rate or remote control variable rate.

SPECIAL FEATURES

Tailor-made for the application in size Adjustable stroke on all feeders by and capacity. use of a manual, easily adjustable clamp device. All antifriction — this includes the drive arms and shaft bearings. Driven sprocket ring assembly — bolted on flywheel and easily Flywheels on each end of drive shaft maintained. provide inertia for smooth operation. Seal strips on sides and back — Feed plate rollers with roller bearings stainless steel and Minaloy. require no lubrication.

OTHER PRODUCTS Fabricated steel, Unit Train Load Out Systems, Barge Movers, Bin Gates, Belt Conveyors, STR Conveyor Chain, Perforated Screen Plates, Aprion Conveyors, Drag Conveyors, Almanite 400 Tracking and Parts for Washing Vessels, Repair Parts and Service of Bird, Broadbent. Sharpies, ETC. Centrifuges. KANAWHA MANUFACTURING COMPANY

P.O. Box 1786 Plant and Office. 1520 Dixie Street Charleston. West Virginia 25326 Phone (304) 342-6127

134 dMd:|:):?ii:i»J ELECTRICAL MINING CABLES THE BEST CHOICE FOR UNDERGROUND

Vou can choose from a broad range of MSIIA approved Tiger llrand powercables. They're available in large sizes and the longest lengths required for underground and surface mining. PORTABLE POWER BUILT TO LAST CABLES ^ Amercahle's state-of-the-art equipment There's a standard Tiger Brand power jackets the cahle in one continuous opera- cable available for every application. ) lionfrom coreto lead mold. Theprocess or we'll design one to meet your -. provides excellent honding betweenlayers specific requirements. ' and improved concentricity. Curing in a lead mold produces precise dimensional control MINE FEEDER and a more dense and wear-resistant surface. CABLES IMMEDIATE Type MI'-GC cables are available from 5.000 through 25.000 y^" volts. Kthylene-I'ropylene Tiger Brand Cablesare supplied by a network of distributors with stoeks rubber insulation is used carefully placed to serve the needs of local on PVC and Neoprene mines. Korthe name of your nearest Tiger Itrand jacketed feeder cables to ( provide greater flexibility. distributor, call I-K00-643-1SI6 or write the Amenable Division of Associated Materials. easier installation and superior electrical properties. Tiger- Brand Inc.. 400 lirnad Street. Scwicklcy. I'A I.SI4X Mining Cable

135 fl\ SCO

Associated Supply Company

932-3114 200 So. Taft Street West Frankfort, IL 62896

James A.Reddinq Co. Sampling Specialists

615 Washington Road Telephone: (412)563-3121 Pittsburgh, PA 15228-1902 Telex: 902864 Redding Wilmot

136 STEELITE Building Panels Providing Long Term Protection For Mining and Industry Steelite's superior quality panels provide you a choice of materials and finishes to meet your needs for building con struction. The result is modern, long-lasting building enclo sures that combine attractive appearance with durability and low maintenance costs. Extra-long lengths for continuous span installation provide 'one-piece reach' from ridge to eave, from eave to ground. Precision formed corrugated or ribbed sheeting, in easy to handle 'arm-span' widths lays smoothly, aligns quickly for fast assembly and erection. Fast up—fast in.

• RIBBED OR CORRUGATED PROFILES • PRECISION-ROLLED LONG LENGTHS • CUSTOM CUT • ECONO-LUX Daylighting panels of modified acrylic, glass-fiber reinforced. Profiles to match metal panels. Call or v/rite lor new catalog. STEELITE, Inc. 1010 OHIO RIVER BLVD. • PITTSBURGH, PA. 15202 Telephone: 412/734-2600

137 STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING

TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

GEOTECHNICAL ENGINEERING ENVIRONMENTAL/WASTE MANAGEMENT

MATERIALS TESTING HYDROLOGY/HYDRAULICS

HANSON ENGINEERS NCORFOKAWP

1525 SOUTH SIXTH STREET • SPRINGFIELD. ILLINOIS 62703-2886 • 217/788-2450 7722 NORTH CRESTLINE DRIVE • PEORIA. ILLINOIS C1615-1982 • 309/691-0902 828 is! AVENUE • ROCKFORD, ILLINOIS 61108-1106 •815/965-5600

THE NEXT GENERATION IN SPECIAL HAZARDS

FIRE PROTECTION

DUST SUPPRESSION * FIRE DETECTION » EXPLOSION VENTING DUST AGGLOMERATION * FIRE SUPPRESSION « EXPLOSION SUPPRESSION

THE SYSTEMS APPROACH

GLOBAL FIRE PROTECTION COMPANY SPECIAL HAZARDS DIVISION 5121 THATCHER ROAD * DOWNERS GROVE, IL 60515

(312) 852-5200

* ASK A30UT OUR EXPLOSION RISK INSPECTION PROGRAM

138 Move air...silently When you need to move air(up to FLOLINE fans are availablewith 200,000 cfm)above ground or be the sound trap feature from 15" low, Peabody ABC fans provide to 120" diameter, 1,000 cfm to a solution — a quiet one. With a 200,000cfm; permissible MSHA- sound trap built-in, fan inlet, out approved fans 18" to 60" diame let and radiated noise levels are ter, 6,000 cfm to 180,000 cfm. reduced dramatically. (Sound For more information call or Power levels down as much as write Peabody ABC, P.O. Box 77, 6dB to 16dB between 2nd and Warsaw, IN 46580,219-267-5166. 8th octave bands. Ten dB repre Telex: RCA 215860. Call back: sents a 50% reduction in noise 215860 PEABCUR. sensed by the ear.) Ourstandard

Engineering Guide • Contact us Peabody ABC for your copy.

139 GOODMAN CONVEYOR SYSTEMS MOVE THE COAL ^

Goodman Conveyor is a leading manufacturer of conveyor systems and interchangeable components. For more than 80 years, we have developed and manufactured systems which are efficient, reliable and easy to maintain. Our 300 Distribution Network locations in the U.S. and Canada pro vide readily available components. For more information, request our introductory brochure or specifica tions on our underground systems and components.

GOODMAN CONVEYOR COMPANY. INC. P.O. BOX 866 D ROUTE 178 SOUTH BELTON. SOUTH CAROLINA 29627 frM.M.'^Ti', FAX: |803| 338-8732 C TELEX: 570-353 CONVEYOR TELE: (803) 338-7793

140 TRULY A GEAR LUBRICANT DESIGNED FOR SUPERIOR PERFORMANCE IN LONGWALL EQUIPMENT

SALES OFFICES

KANSAS CITY, KS 913-422-4022 MARION, IL 618-997-2302 HUNTINGTON, WV 304-523-3716 WAYNESBURG, PA 412-627-3200 PHILADELPHIA, PA 215-533-1400

aaslst CENTURY LUBRICATING OILS, INC.

141 ESKENAZI & FARRELL ASSOCIATES

175 W. JACKSON BOULEVARD CHICAGO, ILLINOIS 60604 (312) 939-1664

STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS TO THE

COAL INDUSTRY"

POW RQUE INC.

INDUSTRIAL & MINING R.R. #1, P.O. Box 68 POWER TRANSMISSION DuBois, III. 62831 EQUIPMENT Ph. 618-787-8181 1741 Rudder Ind'l Dr. WATTS 1-800-821-8941 ILL. Fenton, Missouri 63026 WATTS 1-800-323-2948 Phone: 314-343-2250 MO. IND. KY.

142 FLETCHER

J. H. Fletcher & Co. Congratulates The Illinois Mining Institute.

j. h. FLETCHER &co. Box 2187 Huntington, WV 25722-2187 304/525-7811 Telex: 888-411

143 STEEL STRUCTURALS, PLATES. SHEETS HOT ROLLED BARS. COLD FINISHED STEEL. PIPE

INDUSTRIAL LINES AMES SHOVELS BLACK & DECKER TOOLS (AIR-ELECTRIC) BOSTON GEARS, SPROCKETS & CHAIN C&M HOISTS FASTENERS IMPERIAL BRASS FITTINGS INTERLAKE STRAPPING PRODUCTS JACOBS CHUCKS LUFKIN TAPES & RULES NICHOLSON FILES. HACK AND BANDSAW BLADES NORTON. ABRASIVE, WHEELS OSBORN BRUSHES OSTER THREADING MACHINES PORTER BOLT CUTTERS PRECISION & UNION BUTTERFIELD DRILLS, REAMERS, CUTTERS, TAPS, INSERTS PROTO WRENCHES REED VISES & PIPE TOOLS RIDGID PIPE TOOLS SCHRADER AIR PRODUCTS SIMPLEX JACKS STARRETT TOOLS VEEDER ROOT COUNTERS WILLSON SAFETY EQUIPMENT WILTON CLAMPS, VISES, MACHINERY WIRE ROPES. BLOCKS, FITTINGS YALE HOISTS & TROLLEYS

140 E. Prairie Ave. • P.O. Box 171 • St. Louis. MO 63166 Telephone (314/231-3050) 800-325-7561 Decatur, IL Phone: 217/429-5460 Springfield. MO Phone: 417/831-0576 A Kendavis Industrial Company.

144 Some ofour top agents are now underground. Conoco people are willingto dig a little bit deeper to find the answers to your lubricant questions. Because a superior product doesn't just come in a jug or drum it alsocomes in a suit orjeans. For answers to yourspecific lubricant fCOnOCOl questions, call 1-800544-8445. V• WOODRUI7F SUPPLY CO. INC.

Benton, Illinois Madisonville, Kentucky (618) 439-9451 (502) 82 1-3247

Aeroquip Hose ix Fittings Clastic Pipe IX Cittings Band-It Strapping Material Plymouth Tapes bow Saws IX blades PTC Link belt Roller Chain. Shuttle Car

J.b. Braswell U-Joints Feeder breaker, Owens IX Statnler brown Clastic brattice PVC Pipe Fittings Chain Moist Red Oxide Paint

Chalk »8Hti Rome Mining Cable- Clevis Grab Monks « Slip Hooks, Etc Rope Dogs - V-V Connecting Wire IX Shot lire Cable- Safety Cans —S gal. Crosby Hope Clip's, Etc. Security Light — Quartz (V Mercury Discharge. Suction tx Koch Dost Hose Shawmut Coses

Distilled Water Skirl board Rubber Dixon Valve firCouplings SO' Cable Drinking Water Stainless Worm CI.imps Dust bags, I'owder IX Tools bags Steel Pipe - Grooved tX Threaded Electric Chain Saws Steel Shelving IX bins Electrical Cable Cutters Templeton Kenly Mechanical IX llydr. Jacks Electrical Connectors Track bolts « Spikes General Electric ballast Trolley Splices IX Wire Mangers. Etc. Gustiti bacon Mechanical Pipe Fittin gs Turnbuckles Hose Conduit IXTrolley Wire Guard Union Carbide- batteries IX brake Fluid

Lighting — Mine Machine Headlight Union Shuttle Car IX Feeder Chain Mechanic Wire- Water Dummy Filler Guns Metal Drain Pipe Wayne Sump Pumps Mitre Kewire Cable SK Wellman Clutch Disc Mitre Spray Most- West Virginia Armature Company Mine Vent Tubing Westinghouse Light bulbs Mining Machine Carts, Inc. Whitney Blake Telephone Cable Saphtha Wire Rope

Canduit Electrical Connectors Wire Tie

Clastic Drain Tile Wood Fiber

Clastic and Jute brattice ZEP Mand Cleaner

Jim Atterberrg, Sales Representative of Illinois

MAPIUFACTIIKERS Of:

Shuttle C ir, Peeder breaker Flights Kile Crete Products — Mine Sealent Products

146 AN;5ZE2SME3IB1 E^EEEEHHl

Heavy Medium Cyclone

Roberts & Schaeler Company and Coors Porcelain Company have combined their ex pertise to produce the RSC line of ceramic lined cyclones. The RSC cyclones are avail able in Heavy Medium, Classifying, and Water Only models, each designed to meet the demanding requirements of the coal preparation industry. Model RSC cyclones allow you to up-grade marginal coal seams to premium quality by removing pyritic sulfur and other ash form ing minerals. Consistent accuracy in separa tion enables recovery of coal otherwise lost in other processes, resulting in an improved product yield. The standard cast ceramic liners are Coors SCNB-15 Silicon Carbide. Optional Coors AD-90 Alumina Ceramic is available to com bat extra abrasive wear. Planning to improve the efficiency of your operation? Specify Model RSC Ceramic Cy clones for value + performance.

RDBERTS&5CHAEFER'

•iCERAMICS"

ROBERTS & SCHAEFER COMPANY 120 S. Riverside Plaza Chicago, IL 60606 Ph. 312/236-7292 COORS PORCELAIN COMPANY 600 9th Street Golden, CO 80401 Ph. 303/278-4000

147 We're ready to put our experience up against your toughest problem. Over the years Watt Car has developed the skills, manpower and equipment that makes it a renowned specialist in custom and sub-contract manufacturing. We've had a hundred years to study the problems of mine transportation and production. Our engineering staff is experienced and freely offers this resource to our clients at all times. Watt Car is known for its cost-saving and high performance improving suggestions. In our industry, people make the difference. Our entire staff is accountable for every job. You'll find us ready and willing to assist you throughout the project.

The Walt Car & Wheel Co. P.O. Box 71 Bamewille. OH 43713 614,425-1924

When You Call SCHROEDER You Get Reliable FULL SERVICE

Face Drills and other drilling equipment • Hydraulic Filters and Circuit Testing Equipment • Loading Point Equipment • Roof Bolters • Personnel Carriers • Feeder Breakers •

SCHROEDER BROTHERS CORPORATION An Alco Industries Company * NICHOl AVE. BOX 72 / McKEES ROCKS. PA. 15136 / 412771.4810

148 OUR MESSAGE IS SIMPLY RIEN When it comes to your silo needs or other concrete construction or maintenance...

SLIPFORM & JUMPFORM CONSTRUCTION

SAN-CON, INC

Upper Sandusky, OH 43351 P.O. Box 120 419-294-2341

149 CELTITE, INC.

RESIN ANCHOR SYSTEMS

STOPPING SEALANTS

RESIN GROUTS

VOID FILLERS

QUIKSET POINT ANCHOR RESIN ><

150 CARLEY COURT GEORGETOWN. KENTUCKY 40324

(800) 626-2948

MIKE THOMSON 906 E. ILLINOIS MARION. IL. 62959 (618) 993-8804

150 PROPS TIES

PENTA TREATED

STEELV(LLE9/V\0. 65565 51477559

151 • -v '•'• ••••.'• ••'• :• ;1 - '• •• ••"•:•! ' ' i When dependabilityis your objective Continental Conveyoris your company.

, CONTINENTAL CONVEYOR K& EQUIPMENT COMPANv inC a H$M' M5MW44*I A WtCOCOHPVWV

152 INNOVATIONS FROM PETTER SUPPLY

Complete equipment Petter is the only vendor lease/purchase arrange offering generic electronic ments order entry options. You can communicate electronically Programs ottered loryour with us and your other maintenance repair and vendors using our technology! operating (MRO) supplies

OPTIONS: Quality Assurance/Just-In- Personal Computer to Time Programs Personal Computer Systems Contracts • Personal Computer via negotiations and mailbox to the abovo implementation bar cooe IImlIII' Facsimile Machine to SYSTEM ljjJI(|JJI Personal Computer or Personal Computer to Vendor and Inventory Facsimile Machine Reduction Programs

Portable Teletransactional Electronic Order Entry/ Computer(P.T.C. •hand held) Volume Discounts Bruce Austin - Manager Electronic Services

HENRY A. PETTER SUPPLY GO. P.O. Box 2350, Podwcoh, KY 42002-2350

KENTUCKY 1-800-392-5962 BORDER STATES -1-800-626-3940

153 ROYAL ELECTRIC Cable,Cord,and Wire for the mining industry I

AWide World of wire andcablefor underground and surface mme applications Toget Ihe best m cable or cord including Royal Rauverflex 90 'andr ': lym •• than youneed.cali the nearest Royal Electric representative m your mining area.

ARIZONA ILLINOIS (SoutN*™ I MISSOURI iV*!*m| PENNSYLVANIA (E**»**n) M.SCW CAOlE A £NG CO Tm£ SMYTm BARNAH0 AGf HO «) STATESli(CT«^.S-»lES#^ JOSEPH E WfK N'.'- •04?N?1yAv* ia00 UanchMi* IW 3"0Br****ho* tew PO&J" TSOW NECarwr23roSl EHOCMX.AES50C9 OCSPCMS.MOUUl - .-.'. ..•,', •- . >- "-. 3 AUhngtO" ''•" I«.«pnoA« JH*.yftiX t--i'. •• .-.' •;• •••' IWILAOElIMA. PA 1914b Te*«.fic«e 602-2S3-"*: «*• 1I496MJO TtfeoNonc ?15 98*. 'WOO COLORADO KENTUCKY (Ejyv-nl NORTH CAROLINA SIEVE O KANE ASSOC MASSflllN'iLA:.: < C EF lOMBAHOi CO PENNSYLVANIA(Wrttr.n) ?//5 V**l 'Umpil.^ A*.. l?23 Mr 1 VI" 1*1 ?K}lF'MdomOrtv«.Boi 8'7' GEMCOSAU! *• UK^,EVe«n) OHIO (SW| Telephone bis ?44 /o/o HANK£ CO .INC MISSOURI lUiU-nl M*SSilU*CM* ASSOC lOOII.irgoAve TmE SMYTH BARNAH0 AGENCY 47?JMK*J©nftl ELK GRCWE VILLAGE. II 6000/ I2S09M*' CWONNWI. OmWZ7 Ii.irt.inn.' 3t?.S93-8SO0 Meirhnn.' 513 8/1 TfcCO TAX JUfltSIW? ROYAL 95 Grand Avenue, Pawtuckel, Rl 02862. 401-722-8600 ELECTRIC

154 BEARINGS AND POWER TRANSMISSION PRODUCTS THE LARGEST AND MOST COMPLETE STOCK OF COAL MINE SIZES IN THE MIDWEST

BERRY BEARING COMPANY ILLINOIS BEARING COMPANY BEARINGS SERVICE COMPANY

SERVING: ILLINOIS, INDIANA, IOWA & KENTUCKY COMPLETE STOCK AT ALL LOCATIONS BERRY BEARING CO. •CHICAGO 3839 S. Normal Ave. 268-2100 • DANVILLE 1250 N. Michigan Ave. 442-8800 • FT. MADISON Jefferson Ind. Pk. (Box365) 372-6611 • JOLIET 1223 N. Broadway 723-3446 • PERU 2017-19 4th Street 223-7800 • QUINCY 936 Broadway (Box 466) 222-6168 ILLINOIS BEARING CO. • BLOOMINGTON 1112 W. Market St. 827-0436 • CENTRALIA Rt. 51 So. & Walnut Hill Rd. 533-2741 • SPRINGFIELD 2840 Via Verde (PO Box 3823) 529-8515 • MATTOON 2011 Charleston Ave. 235-7151 • DECATUR 1620 Hubbard Ave. 877-3400 • EAST PEORIA 3113 N. Main St. 694-6214 BEARINGS SERVICE CO. • EVANSVILLE, IN 1607 S. Kentucky Ave. 423-7701 • MARION, IL New Rt. 13 East 997-6565 • MADISONVILLE, KY 398 W. Noel Ave. 821-6576

CORPORATE: 4242 S. FIRST AVE.. LYONS, ILLINOIS 60534 / (312I 442-1200 BRANCH LOCATIONS: ILLINOIS / IOWA / KENTUCKY / MARYLAND / MICHIGAN / MINNESOTA WISCONSIN / N. DAKOTA / MONTANA/ W. VIRGINIA / WYOMING / PENNSYLVANIA

155 EXCELLENCE IN SAFETY AND PRODUCTION

WHITE COUNTY COAL CORPORATION

MAPCO COAL INC.

156 GEORGIA IRON WORKS (SEL

Wherever you find the world's toughest slurry pumping jobs, you'll find GIW Solids Handling Pumps

GIW was established in 1891 and began buildingpumps lor tho Florida phosphate industry m 1914 Today GIW solids handling pumps serve many other major mining industries throughout the world

Every GIWpump is designed and built to handle the toughest material, day in and day out. with maximum reliability and minimum operating costs. That's what is needed in the mining industry,and that's whyGIWpumps are workingevery day — m the phosphate, iron ere. copper, nickel, molybdenum, coal, power, dredge, and sand and gravel industries

Thmk of it —reliable service to over 20 bas>c mining industries on six continents. That's dependabtiity-GIW DEPENDABILITY—for over two-thirds ot a century!

GIW PUMPS

VERTICAL

157 Birmingham Bolt Company Kentucky Division P.O. Box 591 Madisonville, Kentucky 42431 (502)821-6635

* Birmingham Bolt Company Peotone Division P.O. Box 486 Peotone, Illinois 60468 (312)258-3937

* Birmingham Steel Corporation P.O. Box 1208 Birmingham, Alabama 35201 (205)871-9290

***

SPECIALIZING IN ALL MINE ROOF SUPPORT PRODUCTS

158 13% High Manganese Heat Treated Alloy

SHOCK AND ABRASION RESISTANT STEELS

Bars • Plates • Repointers • Fabrications

FORD STEEL COMPANY 2475 Rock Island Blvd. Maryland Heights, Mo. 63043 Phone: 314-567-4680 or 1-800-325-4012

CENTRAL ILLINOIS STEEL CO.

MINE ROOF PLATES-MATS

P.O. BOX 75 CARLIIMVILLE, IL 62626 217/854-3251 We Deliver Immediately On Our Fleet of Trucks Anywhere in the U.S.A. or Canada Leo Brianza

159 INDEX TO ADVERTISERS

A A. L. Lee Corporation 106 Acetylene Gas Co 77 Adalet PLM Products Div 35 Air Filter & Equipment Corp 14 Ajax Engineering Corp 36B Alsip Industrial Products (Uni-Carb, Inc.) 130B Amercable, Div. of Associated Materials, Inc 135 American Mine Tool Div. of GTE 72 American Pulverizer Co 89 Anixtcr Brothers, Inc 96 Apache Hose & Belting Co., Inc 16 Applied Magnetic Systems, Inc 132 Arch Mineral Corp 33 Arneson Timber Co 151 Ashby Electric Co., Inc 78 Associated Supply Co 136A

B Baker Mine Service 12A Baker-Bohncrt Rubber Co., Inc 24A Bearing Headquarters, Inc 69 Belt Service of KY, Inc 24B John Benson Electric Co 56A Berry Bearing Co 155 Birmingham Steel Corp 158 J. D. Bowman & Associates, Inc 116 Boyd Brothers, Inc 54 Brad Ragan, Inc 12B Brake Supply Co., Inc 71 Broderick & Bascom Rope Co 26 Bruening Bearings, Inc 94A

C Capitol Machinery Co 84 Ccltitc, Inc 150 Central Illinois Public Service (CIPS) 2 Central Illinois Steel Co I59B Central Petroleum Co 75A Centrifugal & Mechanical Ind., Inc 112 Century Lubricating Oils, Inc 141 Cincinnati Mine Machinery Co 45

160 Coal AgeService Corp 125B Coal Contractors, Inc 38 COAL Magazine 18 Columbia Quarry Co 41B Commercial Testing & Engineering Co 73A Connellsville Corporation 13 Conoco, Inc 145 Consolidation Coal Co 22 Construction Machinery Corp 58B Continental Conveyor & Equipment Co 152 Courson Coring & Drilling 85B Cross/Laubenslein Manufacturing Co 27

D Danville Steel Co 43 Decatur Industrial Electric, Inc 63 Deister Concentrator Co 98 & 99 Du Quoin Iron & Supply Co 21 Dukane Mining Products Group 119A Duraline, Inc 76B

E Edward Fischer Co., Inc 39 Esco Corp 10 Eskenazi & Farrell, Associates 142A Evansville Electric & Mfg. Co 109 Explosive Technologies International 113

F Fabick Machinery Co 94B Fairmont Supply Co 91 & 92 The Falk Corp 88 Fansteel, Inc. - Vr/Wesson Co 47A Farrar Pump & Machinery Co 95B Flanders Electric Motor Service of IL, Inc 49 J. H. Fletcher & Co 143 Flexible Steel Lacing Co 108 FMC Corp., MHE Division 122 Ford Steel Co 159A Fredonia Valley Quarries, Inc 81A Freeman United Coal Mining Co 105 Frontier-Kemper Constructors 76A

G Gauley Sales Co 101 General Kinematics, Inc 61

161 Georgia Duck & Cordage Mill, Inc 42 Georgia Ironworks Industries, Inc 157 Global Fire Protection Co 138B Gooding Rubber Co 126 Goodman Conveyor Co., Inc 140 Goodman Equipment Corp 20 T. J. Gundlach Machine Co 34 Gunthcr-Nash Mining Const. Co 52A

H Hanson Engineers, Inc 138A Heath Engineering, Inc 67 Eric Hcilo Co 79B Hclwig Carbon Products, Inc 103A Hennessey-Forrestal Machinery Co 44 Hewitt Robins/Crushing & Vibrating Eqp 97 Himelblau, Byfield & Co 90B Hydraulics, Inc 119B Hydro-Power, Inc 90A

I Industrial Bearing & Transmission, Inc 128A Industrial Electric Supply & Motor Repair 110 Industrial Process Equipment Co 95A

J Jack Kennedy Metal 133 Jake's Tire Co 107 James A. Redding Co 136B Jeffrey Div./Dresser Industries 48 Jennmar Corp 59 & 60 Joy Technologies, Inc 114

K Kanawha Mfg. Co 134 Kennamctal, Inc 121 Kerco, Inc 25B Kerr-McGce Coal Corp 83A Kiefcr Electrical Supply Co Klein Armature Works, Inc 29B Krebs Engineers 74

I. Laribee Wire Mfg. Co., Inc 62 Lebco, Inc 127

162 M Long-Airdox Co 70 A. Lucas & Sons 106

M MacWhyte Wire Rope Co 118 C. L. Maddox, Inc 56B Mahoning Paint Corp 58A Mainline Power Products Co., Inc 79A Marathon Industries, Inc 131 The Mario Co., Inc 51B MAT Industries, Div. of R. L. Brown Corp 30B Mc Junkin Corp 3 Merit Truck Parts & Wheel Co 100A Michigan Industrial Hardwood Co 130A Midco Sales & Service 8A Midwest Stccl/Div. of Midwest Corp 125A Mine & Process Service, Inc 117 Mine Safe Electronics 80 Mine Safety Appliances Co 93 The Mine Supply Co 115 Mineweld, Inc 85A Mississippi Lime Co T MO-IL Tractor & Equipment Co., Inc 102 Mohlcr Technology, Inc 9 Monterey Coal Co 40 Alfred Mossner Co 104A Mt. Vernon Electric, Inc 63 Mt. Vernon Convention & Visitors Bureau 1A

N Nalco Chemical Co 73B Naylor Pipe Co 17 Norfolk Southern Corp 65 Norris Screen & Mfg. Co 66A North Alabama Fabricating Co., Inc 19

O Oberjucrge Rubber Co 66B The Ohio Brass Co 104B The Okonite Co 55 Old Ben Coal Co 120

P Peabody ABC 139 Peabody Coal Co 123 & 124

163 Pennzoil Products Co 46 Peterson Filters Corp 15 Henry A. Petter Supply Co 153 Power Torque, Inc 14213 Precision Pulley, Inc 86 Pyramid Parts Co 23

R R&H Service & Supply, Inc 82 Ramada Hotel, Mt. Vernon, IL IB Rcaco Battery Service Corp 41A Ready Drilling Co 47B Reiss Viking 8B Rimpull Corp 64B Ritecrcte Concrete Products 11 Roberts & Schaefer Co 5,6 & 147 Roland Machinery Co 37 Royal Electric Division 154

S Sahara Coal Co., Inc 52B SAN-CON Inc 149 Saturn Machine & Welding Co., Inc 36A J. Schonthal & Associates, Inc 87 Schroeder Brothers Corp 148B SEMCOR 64A Sexton Hydraulics, Inc 81B Siemens 100B Sisco Supply Co 30A Sligo, Inc 144 W. R. Stamler, Corp 53 Steelitc, Inc 137 Straeffer Sales & Service Co 75B Susman Wiping Materials Co., 103B

T Tabor Machine Co., Inc 29A Tison & Hall Concrete Products 128B Tribol 129 Truck & Mine Supply, Inc 68 C. E. Tyler Corp./Bixby-Zimmcr Engineering Co 38A

U Ulmer Equipment Co 4 University of Wisconsin-Platteville Ill

164 V Viking Chain Co 51A Voith Transmissions, Inc 50

W Watt Car & Wheel Co 148A Wescott Steel, Inc 31 White County Coal Co., Pattiki Mine 156 Wire Rope Corporation of America, Inc 32 Woodruff Supply Co., Inc 146

X Xtek, Inc 25A

Z Zeiglcr Coal Co 83B

165