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A New Species of Exosphaeroma Stebbing (Crustacea: Isopoda: Sphaeromatidae) from the Pacific Coast of Mexico ^

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A New Species of Exosphaeroma Stebbing (Crustacea: Isopoda: Sphaeromatidae) from the Pacific Coast of Mexico ^ 9 Octote 2001 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 114(3):640-648. 2001. A new species of Exosphaeroma Stebbing (Crustacea: Isopoda: Sphaeromatidae) from the Pacific coast of Mexico ^ %^ Ma. del Carmen Espinosa-Perez and Michel E. Hendrickx Unidad Academica Mazatlan, ICML, UNAM, P.O. Box 811, Mazadan, Sinaloa 82000, Mexico. Abstract.—Exosphaeroma bruscai is described from the Pacific coast of Mexico. Exosphaeroma bruscai is most closely related to E. diminuta Menzies & Frankenberg, 1966 from the western Atlantic, from which it differs in having much longer antenna, an acute rostrum, a triangular first pleopod endopod, a transverse suture on exopod of pleopods 3-5, and a considerably longer and more slender appendix masculina. Specimens examined here define the geo­ graphic distribution of E. bruscai from the central Gulf of California to Los Arcos, in the southern part of Banderas Bay, Jalisco. Previously published records of an unidentified Exosphaeroma from the eastern tropical Pacific in­ dicate that E. bruscai occurs from sandy beaches of the upper Gulf of Cali­ fornia to Colombia. Sphaeromatidae is the most specious species for similar habitats in Costa Rica family of marine isopods. According to a and Colombia. This identification, however, recent survey it contains 633 species (Ken- was considered doubtful by Brusca & Iver­ sley & Schotte 2000) and they are often son (1985:26-28) who thought that Pacific very abundant in intertidal and shallow wa­ records of Dexter (1974, 1979) belong to ter habitats. Their taxonomy is one of the an undescribed species, probably extending most confused among isopods, in great part from the upper Gulf of California, Mexico, due to marked sexual dimorphism in some to Parque Nacional Santa Rosa, Costa Rica. genera (Schultz 1969, Brusca 1980, Ken- Brusca & Iverson (1985:26-28) provided sley & Schotte 1989) and to the difficulty some diagnostic characters of this undes­ in establishing generic relationships within cribed Exosphaeroma, illustrated parts of the family (see Bruce 1995). The family has an adult male, but did not give it a new been formally divided into five subfamilies name. by Iverson (1982), who based his study on Since Brusca and Iverson's 1985 note on previous works by Hurley & Jansen (1977) this genus, another report of an Exosphae­ and Bowman (1981). More recently, genera roma sp. was published by Rios & Ramos of Sphaeromatidae have been reviewed by (1990) from specimens collected in Malaga Harrison & Ellis (1991) who presented an Bay, Colombia. These authors refer to the identification key to genera. data presented by Brusca & Iverson (1985). The genus Exosphaeroma is known from No further reports on Exosphaeroma from the Pacific coast of Mexico, but no identi­ the Pacific coast of America have been pub­ fied species has been recorded. The first lished. Recent collecting along the Pacific published record of Exosphaeroma for the coast of Mexico, including sampling on area is by Dexter (1972) who recorded E. sandy beaches, led to the discovery of an diminuta Menzies & Frankenberg, 1966, a undescribed species similar to those of west Atlantic sphaeromatid, from sandy Brusca & Iverson (1985) in several locali­ beaches of the west coast of Panama. Dex­ ties. The purpose of the present paper is to ter (1974, 1979) later reported the same formalize the description of this apparently VOLUME 114, NUMBER 3 641 abundant species, the first of the genus Ex- 2), not ventrally directed, without suture, osphaeroma reported for the Pacific coast not narrowed. Pleon with 3 incompletely of America. fused pleonites. Pleotelson smooth, wider Abbreviations used in this paper are: St., than long, regularly curving towards pos­ sampling station; TL, total length; NS, un- terior margin in lateral view (Fig. IB, D); sexed specimen; coll., collector; EMU, Un- wider anteriorly, posteriorly rounded in dor­ idad Academica Mazatlan UNAM Inverte­ sal view. Epistome scarcely visible in dorsal brates Reference Collection. view; elongate in ventral view (Fig. IE), about twice as long as wide in its middle Sphaeromatidae H. Milne-Edwards, 1840 part, apex truncate, posterior arms shorter Exosphaeroma Stebbing, 1900 than anterior portion. Antennular peduncle Exosphaeroma bruscai, new species with 3 articles; flagellum with 8—9 articles. Figs. 1-5 Antennal peduncle with 4 articles; flagel­ lum with 11-12 articles, twice as long as Exosphaeroma diminutum.—Dexter, 1972: antennular flagellum (Fig. IE). Mandibular 425; 1974:54; 1979:547 (Pacific records palp of 3 articles; 2 distal articles with 9 only). and 14 spines. Left mandible with incisor Exosphaeroma sp.—Brusca & Iverson, 4-dentate and lacinia mobilis (3-dentate); 1985:26-28, fig. lOb-d.—Rios & Ramos, setal row of 4 serrate setae; molar process 1990:86-87, fig. 2. serrate. Right mandible similar in shape, Type material.—Holotype, 1 male (TL 4.6 with a 4-dentate incisor; setal row of 4 ser­ mm), Los Arcos (20°32.5'N, 105°18.4'W), rate setae; molar process with dentate mar­ Jalisco, Mexico, 12 Apr 1996 (EMU-4745). gin and a seemingly rugose surface (Fig. Paratypes, 3 females (TL 1.9-2.8 mm), Los 3A, B). Apex of the lateral lobe of maxil- Arcos (20°32.5'N, 105°18.4'W), Jalisco, lula (Fig. 3C) with 6 serrate setae, and 3 Mexico, 12 Apr 1996 (EMU-5357). slender non-plumose, non-serrate setae; me­ Additional material.—El Tesoro (24° sial lobe with 4 plumose setae, and a short 18.0'N, 110°19.0'W), La Paz, Southern non-plumose seta. Maxilla (Fig. 3D) lateral Baja Cahfornia, Mexico, 17 Jul 1996, 2 lobe with 6 serrate setae, middle with 7, and ovigerous females (TL 1.6-2.6 mm) and 1 mesial lobe with 7 plumose setae and a unsexed, unmeasured specimen (EMU- much longer, slender, mesial plumose setae. 4743). Piedras Pintas (27°56.5'N, 111° Maxilliped palp (Fig. 3E) with 4 articles; 05.5'W), Sonora, Mexico, 24 Mar 1997, 1 11-10-11-8 setae on articles 1-4, respec­ female (TL 4.7 mm) (EMU-4742). Piedras tively; endite with 1 retinaculum, 9 plumose Pintas (27°56.5'N, 111°05.5'W), Sonora, setae, 4 stout non-plumose setae and about Mexico, 24 Mar 1997, 2 females (TL 2.9- 7 setules. 3.4 mm) and 1 ovigerous female (TL 2.4 All pereopods with setules, simple mm) (EMU-4744). Bacochibampo Bay spines, composed spines (stout spines with (27°54.3'N, 110°57.6'W), Guaymas, Sono­ basal part tipped with a slender seta), and ra, Mexico, 26 Mar 1997, 1 ovigerous fe­ diminutive scales on margins. Pereopod 1 male (TL 2.4 mm) collected by diving (Fig. 4A) merus slightly shorter than half (EMU-5376). ischium length; ischium with 4 setae at su­ Description of male.—Body ovate (Fig. perior distal angle; merus with 3 setae at lA, C), about twice as long as wide; dorsal superior distal angle; carpus triangular, surface smooth. Head wide, rostrum short, short, slightly longer than half merus acute. Length of holotype 4.6 mm. Pereon- length; propodus shorter than ischium; dac- ite 3 longest, pereonites 1-2 and 4-5 sub- tylus about half propodus length, with 1 equal in length; pereonite 7 more than half subterminal seta on the lower margin; com­ as long as pereonite 6. Coxae smooth (Fig. posed spines, scales and serrate scales pre- 642 PROCEEDINGS OF THE BIOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON Fig. 1. Exosphaeroma bruscai, new species. A, Holotype, male, dorsal view (EMU-4745); B, pleotelson, male, lateral view; C, Paratype, female, dorsal view (EMU-5337); D, pleotelson, female, lateral view; E, ceph- alon, male, ventral view; F, uropods, dorsal view, detail; G, penes, male. VOLUME 114, NUMBER 3 643 Fig. 2. Exosphaeroma bruscai, new species, male holotype (EMU-4745). Schematic drawing of body in lateral view; appendages not ilustrated. sent on articles as illustrated. Pereopods 2- dopod of pleopod 2 by about half length of 3 similar, 3rd slightly longer than 2nd. Pe- the latter. Pleopod 3 as illustrated. Exopod reopod 3 (Fig. 4B) merus slightly longer of pleopods 3-5 with complete transverse than half ischium length; ischium with 5 suture. Pleopod 4 (Fig. 5D) endopod with spines near superior distal angle and 1 distinct thickened ridges, 3 short plumose shorter proximal spine; merus with 6 spines marginal setae on ventral margin of exopod at superior distal angle; carpus subcylindri- and 1 on endopod; a row of short non-plu­ cal, similar in length to merus; propodus mose setae on the inner margin of exopod. shorter than ischium; dactylus about half Pleopod 5 (Fig. 5E) endopod with distinct length of propodus, with 1 subterminal thickened ridges, a row of short, non-plu­ spine on the lower margin; composed mose setae on inner margin of exopod and spines, spines, scales and serrate scales pre­ 6 similar setae near ventral margin of en­ sent on articles as illustrated. Pereopod 7 dopod; exopod with a deep cleft along inner (Fig. 4C) longer and more slender than pe­ margin, and 5 small lobes with scales close reopods 1—3; merus with 4 spines at supe­ to inner distal and ventral margins. rior distal angle; carpus distal margin with Uropod exopods of similar length, en­ 2 inferior and a row of 5 superior serrated dopod slightly longer and acute, exopod spines; propodus with 1 bifid spine and 1 with rounded tip. subterminal serrate seta at superior angle; Female.—Body ovate, about twice as composed spines, spines and scales present long as wide. Pleotelson slightly more in­ on joints as illustrated. Pereopods 5-6 sim­ flated than in male, with a weak depression ilar in shape and spination to pereopod 7; near posterior margin. All characters, in­ these pereopods slightly increasing in size cluding all pereopods, very similar to male.
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