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English Water Utility in 2002
TRENDS AND POLICY OPTIONS No. 8 HELPING TO ELIMINATE POVERTY THROUGH PRIVATE INVOLVEMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE Public Disclosure Authorized Public-Private Partnerships for Urban Water Utilities Public Disclosure Authorized A Review of Experiences in Developing Countries Philippe Marin Public Disclosure Authorized Public Disclosure Authorized Public-Private Partnerships for Urban Water Utilities TRENDS AND POLICY OPTIONS No. 8 HELPING TO ELIMINATE POVERTY THROUGH PRIVATE INVOLVEMENT IN INFRASTRUCTURE Public-Private Partnerships for Urban Water Utilities A Review of Experiences in Developing Countries Philippe Marin © 2009 The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank 1818 H Street NW Washington DC 20433 Telephone: 202-473-1000 Internet: www.worldbank.org E-mail: [email protected] All rights reserved 1 2 3 4 12 11 10 09 This volume is a product of the staff of the International Bank for Reconstruction and Devel- opment / The World Bank. The fi ndings, interpretations, and conclusions expressed in this volume do not necessarily refl ect the views of the Executive Directors of The World Bank or the governments they represent. The World Bank does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this work. The boundaries, colors, denominations, and other information shown on any map in this work do not imply any judgement on the part of The World Bank concerning the legal status of any territory or the endorsement or acceptance of such boundaries. Rights and Permissions The material in this publication is copyrighted. Copying and/or transmitting portions or all of this work without permission may be a violation of applicable law. The International Bank for Reconstruction and Development / The World Bank encourages dissemination of its work and will normally grant permission to reproduce portions of the work promptly. -
The Larva of Mecistogaster Amalia (Odonata: Pseudostigmatidae)
Received 04 June 2009; revised and accepted 09 September 2009 The larva of Mecistogaster amalia (Odonata: Pseudostigmatidae) Javier Muz6n, Soledad Weigel Munoz & Raul Ernesto Campos lnstituto de Limnologfa "Dr. R.A. Ringuelet'; (CONICET- CCT La Plata), C.C. 712, 1900, La Plata, Argentina. <[email protected]> Key words: Odonata, dragonfly, Mecistogaster amalia, Pseudostigmatidae, larva, phytotelmata. ABSTRACT The final larval stadium of Mecistogaster amalia is described and illustrated for the first time based on one female collected in a tree hole in Misiones province, Argen tina, and compared with all known larvae of related genera. Larval morphology of Pseudostigmatidae is briefly discussed. INTRODUCTION Pseudostigmatidae include 17 species in five neotropical genera, i.e. Anomisma McLachlan, 1877, Mecistogaster Rambur, 1842, Megaloprepus Rambur, 1842, Microstigma Rambur, 1842, and Pseudostigma Selys, 1860. This family includes the longest species in the order Odonata, all of which as far as known breed exclu sively in phytotelmata as does its East African sister group Coryphagrion grandis Morton, 1924 (Corbet 1999: 145; Clausnitzer & Lindeboom 2002; Fincke 2005; Groeneveld et al. 2007). Final stadium larvae of Mecistogaster linearis (Fabricius, 1776), M. modesta Se lys, 1860, M. ornata Rambur, 1842, M. asticta Selys, 1860, Microstigma rotunda tum Selys, 1860, M. maculatum Hagen in Selys, 1860, Megaloprepus caerulatus (Drury, 1782), and Pseudostigma aberrans Selys, 1860 have been described so far (Calvert 1911; Novelo Gutierrez 1993; Ramirez 1995, 1997; Westfall & May 1996; Hedstrom & Sahlen 2003; Sahlen & Hedstrom, 2005; Lencioni 2006; De Marmels 2007; Neiss et al. 2008). Mecistogaster is the most speciose genus within Pseudostigmatidae including 10 species, three of which are recorded from Argentina: M. -
A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts And
ARGENTINA’S INFORMAL ECONOMY: A CASE STUDY OF PATRIA GRANDE UPON THE INFORMAL TEXTILE INDUSTRY A Thesis submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Masters of Arts in Development Management and Policy By Anna Porembka, B.A. Washington, DC May 1, 2013 Copyright 2013 by Anna Porembka All Rights Reserved ii ARGENTINA’S INFORMAL ECONOMY: A CASE STUDY OF PATRIA GRANDE UPON THE INFORMAL TEXTILE INDUSTRY Anna Porembka, B.A. Thesis Advisor: Matthew Carnes, S.J. ABSTRACT In order to strengthen their economic positions, developing nations like Argentina have produced laws aimed at salient informal manifestations. Argentina’s 2005 law “Patria Grande” sought to answer public outcry after a deadly fire exposed the inhumane conditions of illegal textile workers. What is the relationship between public policy and informality, and what legal, economic, and social characteristics identify the informal economy generally, and in Argentina specifically? What is the historical foundation of Argentine informality, and how has it behaved in the 21st century? Finally, how did Patria Grande develop, and what lessons can we learn from its results? By taking a public policy approach to informality, this study unravels the current characteristics and the historical roots of Argentina’s institution of informality. Three empirically recognized factors of informality are applied in a MIMC model and discussed with regard to Argentina’s history and present condition. These indicators support that, since the 2001-2 crisis, the Argentine informal economy appears to be shrinking, but at a decreasing rate. -
Argentina: Floods Glide No.FL-2009-000254-ARG 9 August 2010
DREF operation n° MDRAR006 Argentina: Floods Glide No.FL-2009-000254-ARG 9 August 2010 The International Federation’s Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF) is a source of un-earmarked money created by the Federation in 1985 to ensure that immediate financial support is available for Red Cross Red Crescent response to emergencies. The DREF is a vital part of the International Federation’s disaster response system and increases the ability of National Societies to respond to disasters. Summary: 230,629 Swiss francs (229,848 US dollars/152,957 euro) were allocated from the Federation’s Disaster Relief Emergency Fund (DREF) on 3 December 2009 to support the Argentine Red Cross (ARC) in delivering assistance to some 944 families. On 23 November 2009, heavy rains affected the north-eastern provinces of Chaco, Corrientes, Misiones, Entre Rios, Santa Fe, north-eastern Salta and Formosa with floods. The Argentine Red Cross branches in the affected areas reached 30,618 people (4,374 families) with essential relief items including dengue prevention kits, hygiene kits, cleaning kits, kitchen sets, water and sanitation kits and bedding kits. The assistance also included hygiene Argentine Red Cross volunteers conducted a distribution of food items in promotion campaigns and Concordia in the province of Entre Rios. Source: Argentine Red Cross. psychosocial support. The major donors to the DREF are the Irish, Italian, Netherlands and Norwegian governments and ECHO. Details of all donors can be found on: http://www.ifrc.org/what/disasters/responding/drs/tools/dref/donors.asp <Click here for the final financial report, or here to view contact details> The situation On 23 November, strong thunderstorms severely affected the provinces located in the north-eastern region of Argentina and the coastal Argentine provinces of Chaco, Corrientes, Misiones, Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, north-eastern Salta and Formosa causing floods in various communities. -
Hunter-Gatherers' Self-Governance: Untying the Traditional Authority Of
The International Indigenous Policy Journal Manuscript 1237 Hunter-Gatherers’ Self-Governance: Untying the Traditional Authority of Chiefs from the Western Toba Civil Association. Marcela Mendoza Follow this and additional works at: http://ir.lib.uwo.ca/iipj Part of the Social and Cultural Anthropology Commons This Policy is brought to you for free and open access by Scholarship@Western. It has been accepted for inclusion in The nI ternational Indigenous Policy Journal by an authorized administrator of Scholarship@Western. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Hunter-Gatherers’ Self-Governance: Untying the Traditional Authority of Chiefs from the Western Toba Civil Association. Abstract The nI tegral Law for Aborigines (426/84) was the first legal instrument in Argentina systematically addressing indigenous peoples’ rights. It was modeled on the Paraguayan Law for Indigenous Communities (901/81). Both granted collective property rights. I discuss Article 9 of Decree 574/85 in Law 426, requiring that former hunter-gatherer bands would form civil associations, like those in the non-profit es ctor. The policymakers later amended the clause on governance inserting the authority of chiefs along that of democratically elected delegates. I describe the Western Toba’s journey to obtaining collective land title by introducing characteristics of traditional leadership, discussing local antecedents leading to the law, comparing it to the Paraguayan law, and analyzing the process through which the Toba complied with legal requirements. Keywords hunter-gatherers, self-governance, Western Toba, Gran Chaco, Argentina, Paraguay, Law 426/84, Law 901/81 Creative Commons License This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 License. -
Growth Patterns Among Indigenous Qom Children of the Argentine Gran Chaco
AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HUMAN BIOLOGY 00:00–00 (2016) Original Research Article Growth Patterns among Indigenous Qom Children of the Argentine Gran Chaco 1 2 MARTA P. ALFONSO-DURRUTY, AND CLAUDIA R. VALEGGIA * 1Department of Anthropology, Sociology & Social-Work, Kansas State University, 008 Waters Hall, Manhattan, Kansas 2Department of Anthropology, Yale University, 10 Sachem St., New Haven, Connecticut OBJECTIVES: This study describes and compares the growth strategies of rural (Western) and peri-urban (Eastern) Qom indigenous children from Argentina. METHODS: Height and weight were cross-sectionally assessed in Western (n 5 263) and Eastern Qom (n 5 512) individuals aged 0-18.9 years. Height-for-age (HAZ), weight-for-age (WAZ), and BMI-for-age (BMIZ) z-scores were cal- culated with an LMS software. Results were organized into four age categories: infancy, childhood, juvenility, and ado- lescence. Between-group comparisons of HAZ, WAZ, and BMIZ were carried out by age and sex categories and compared with Student’s t or Mann Whitney tests. Nutritional status was classified based on BMIZ following WHO rec- ommendations and was compared with x2 tests. RESULTS: In both groups, height and weight followed the typical human growth curve. Mean HAZ scores in both groups were within two standard deviations from the international reference, and increased from infancy to juvenility. WAZ and BMIZ scores were high during infancy and showed a general declining trend with age. Overall, Western Qom had higher HAZ scores. WAZ and BMIZ score comparisons showed only a handful of statistically significant differences, which, along with the analysis of BMI categories, indicated an association between peri-urban environments and a higher prevalence of overweight and obese individuals (P < 0.01). -
Quality of Life in Argentina: the Environmental Dimension at a Departmental Scale
Belgeo 2013-4 (2014) Miscellaneous ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Guillermo Ángel Velázquez et Juan Pablo Celemín Quality of life in Argentina: The environmental dimension at a departmental scale ................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................ Avertissement Le contenu de ce site relève de la législation française sur la propriété intellectuelle et est la propriété exclusive de l'éditeur. Les œuvres figurant sur ce site peuvent être consultées et reproduites sur un support papier ou numérique sous réserve qu'elles soient strictement réservées à un usage soit personnel, soit scientifique ou pédagogique excluant toute exploitation commerciale. La reproduction devra obligatoirement mentionner l'éditeur, le nom de la revue, l'auteur et la référence du document. Toute autre reproduction est interdite sauf accord préalable de l'éditeur, en dehors des cas prévus par la législation en vigueur en France. Revues.org est un portail de revues en sciences humaines et sociales développé par le Cléo, Centre pour l'édition électronique ouverte (CNRS, EHESS, UP, UAPV). -
THE GIANT ARMADILLO (Priodontes Maximus) in the ARGENTINE CHACO Mastozoología Neotropical, Vol
Mastozoología Neotropical ISSN: 0327-9383 [email protected] Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Argentina Quiroga, Verónica A.; Di Blanco, Yamil E.; Noss, Andrew; Paviolo, Agustín J.; Di Bitetti, Mario S. THE GIANT ARMADILLO (Priodontes maximus) IN THE ARGENTINE CHACO Mastozoología Neotropical, vol. 24, núm. 1, julio, 2017, pp. 163-175 Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Tucumán, Argentina Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45753369014 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Mastozoología Neotropical, 24(1):163-175, Mendoza, 2017 Copyright ©SAREM, 2017 http://www.sarem.org.ar Versión impresa ISSN 0327-9383 http://www.sbmz.com.br Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 Artículo THE GIANT ARMADILLO (Priodontes maximus) IN THE ARGENTINE CHACO Verónica A. Quiroga1, Yamil E. Di Blanco1, Andrew Noss2, Agustín J. Paviolo1, and Mario S. Di Bitetti1 1 Instituto de Biología Subtropical (IBS), Universidad Nacional de Misiones (UNaM), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Forestales (UNaM) y Asociación Civil Centro de Investigaciones del Bosque Atlántico (CeIBA). Bertoni 85; CP: 3370; Puerto Iguazú, Misiones, Argentina. [Correspondence: Verónica Andrea Quiroga <[email protected]>] 2 Department of Geography, University of Florida, 1405 NW 38th St., Gainesville, Florida, USA. ABSTRACT. The giant armadillo (Priodontes maximus) is a difficult species to study because of low population densities, combined with nocturnal and fossorial habits. -
Redalyc.Predictive Distribution Maps of Rodent Reservoir Species Of
Mastozoología Neotropical ISSN: 0327-9383 [email protected] Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Argentina Porcasi, Ximena; Calderón, Gladys E.; Lamfri, Mario; Scavuzzo, Marcelo; Sabattini, Marta S.; Polop, Jaime J. Predictive distribution maps of rodent reservoir species of zoonoses in southern America Mastozoología Neotropical, vol. 12, núm. 2, julio-diciembre, 2005, pp. 199-216 Sociedad Argentina para el Estudio de los Mamíferos Tucumán, Argentina Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=45712207 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Mastozoología Neotropical, 12(2):199-216, Mendoza, 2005 ISSN 0327-9383 ©SAREM, 2005 Versión on-line ISSN 1666-0536 PREDICTIVE DISTRIBUTION MAPS OF RODENT RESERVOIR SPECIES OF ZOONOSES IN SOUTHERN AMERICA Ximena Porcasi1, Gladys E. Calderón2, Mario Lamfri1, Marcelo Scavuzzo1, Marta S. Sabattini3, and Jaime J. Polop4 1 Instituto Gulich - Comisión Nacional de Actividades Espaciales, Centro Espacial Teófilo Tabanera, Córdoba, Argentina. 2 Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Virales humanas “Dr. Julio I. Maiztegui”, ANLIS “Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán”, Pergamino, Bs. As., Argentina. 3 Universidad Nacional de Córdoba, Córdoba, Argentina. 4 Departamento de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Río Cuarto, Agencia Postal N°3, 5800 Río Cuarto, Córdoba, Argentina. <[email protected]> ABSTRACT: We model potential distribution for three species of rodents known to be reser- voirs of zoonotic diseases: Calomys musculinus, Oligoryzomys flavescens and O. longicaudatus. These models provide general distribution hypotheses obtained using environmental data from record localities. -
A Directory of Religious Groups in Latin America and the Caribbean
THE LATIN AMERICAN SOCIO-RELIGIOUS STUDIES PROGRAM (PROLADES) A Directory of Religious Groups in Latin America and the Caribbean General Editor: Clifton L. Holland Director of PROLADES San Jose, Costa Rica Last revised on April 23, 2002 PROLADES Apartado 1524-2050, San Pedro, Costa Rica Telephone: (506) 283-8300 E-mail: [email protected] Internet: www.prolades.com ARGENTINA Located on the southeastern part of the South American Continent, the Republic of Argentina is separated from its Western neighbor, Chile, by the Andes Mountains. Large indigenous groups inhabited both the Andean and the Patagonian regions at the time of the Spanish colonization. The influx of Christianity has all but wiped out the indigenous religion of the native peoples of Argentina, but it survives in the more remote areas along the Andes Mountains and along the border with Bolivia and Paraguay. In the last half of the twentieth century, shamans among the Guarani people (Misiones Province) have attained a status as alternative healers, and the sophistication of Guarani religious thought has been recognized by anthropologists. In 1502, Americo Vespucio commande d the first ship of Spanish sailors to arrive at the mouth of the La Plata River. The Spanish first settled Argentina in 1516, and the first Catholic missionaries arrived by 1539. Argentina gained its independence in 1816 after the commercial bourgeois ousted the Spanish Viceroyalty of the River Plate. Most Argentines today are descendants of the European immigrants (mostly from Spain and Italy but also from Russia, Poland, Germany, England, Ireland, France, Portugal, Armenia, Lebanon and Turkey) who arrived between 1870 and 1950. -
Nasal Cartilages, Hyobranchial Apparatus, Larynx, and Glottal Tubes in Four Species of Hydropsini (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae)
64 (1): 103 – 111 © Senckenberg Gesellschaft für Naturforschung, 2014. 16.5.2014 Nasal cartilages, hyobranchial apparatus, larynx, and glottal tubes in four species of Hydropsini (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae) Diego Omar Di Pietro 1, Leandro Alcalde 1, 2 & Jorge Daniel Williams 1 1 Sección Herpetología, División Zoología Vertebrados, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo (UNLP), Paseo del Bosque s/n (CP1900), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina — 2 Sección Herpetología, Área Sistemática, Instituto de Limnología Dr. R. A. Ringuelet (CONICET), Boulevard 120 y 62 (CP1900), La Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina; diego_dipietro(at)hotmail.com, alcalde(at)ilpla.edu.ar, williams(at)fcnym.unlp.edu.ar Accepted 21.ii.2014. Published online at www.senckenberg.de/vertebrate-zoology on 30.iv.2014. Abstract Tribe Hydropsini (Serpentes: Dipsadidae: Xenodontinae) consists of three genera of aquatic snakes, Helicops, Hydrops, and Pseudoeryx, in which cartilaginous cranial features have been poorly studied. We here describe the nasal cartilages, hyobranchial apparatus, larynx, and glottal tubes in four representative Hydropsini species, compare them with species from other Dipsadidae tribes, and discuss our results in the context of the adaptation to the aquatic and fossorial habit. The studied species possess two nasal features that deviate from the pattern of nasal cartilages known in other aletinophidian and caenophidian snakes: (1) a cartilaginous connection between the lamina transversalis anterior and the concha of the Jacobson´s organ, and (2) a small rostral projection of the planum anteorbitale, which probably represents a reduced anterior maxillary process. Two putative synapomorphic features may be supporting the monophyly of Hydropsini: (1) a short inferior median eminence of the cricoid cartilage, and (2) a large processus entoglossus of the hyobranchial apparatus. -
Preliminary Inventory and Biodiversity Revista De La Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, Vol
Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina ISSN: 0373-5680 [email protected] Sociedad Entomológica Argentina Argentina MUZÓN, Javier; VON ELLENRIEDER, Natalia; PESSACQ, Pablo; LOZANO, Federico; GARRÉ, Analía; LAMBRUSCHINI, Juliana; RAMOS, Lía; WEIGEL MUÑOZ, María Soledad Odonata from Iberá Wetlands (Corrientes, Argentina): preliminary inventory and biodiversity Revista de la Sociedad Entomológica Argentina, vol. 67, núm. 1-2, 2008, pp. 59-67 Sociedad Entomológica Argentina Buenos Aires, Argentina Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=322028482007 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative ISSN 0373-5680 Rev. Soc. Entomol. Argent. 67 (1-2): 59-67, 2008 59 Odonata from Iberá Wetlands (Corrientes, Argentina): preliminary inventory and biodiversity MUZÓN, Javier*, Natalia VON ELLENRIEDER**, Pablo PESSACQ***, Federico LOZANO*, Analía GARRÉ*, Juliana LAMBRUSCHINI*, Lía RAMOS* and María Soledad WEIGEL MUÑOZ* * Instituto de Limnología «Dr. R. A. Ringuelet», CC 712, 1900 La Plata e-mail: [email protected] ** Instituto de Bio y Geociencias, Museo de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Salta, Argentina. *** Laboratorio de Investigación en Sistemática y Ecología Animal (LIESA). Sarmiento 849, CP 9200, Esquel, Argentina. Odonata de los Esteros del Iberá (Corrientes, Argentina): inventario preliminar y biodiversidad RESUMEN. Se presenta un inventario preliminar de los Odonata de los Esteros del Iberá, así como su área de influencia (Corrientes, Argentina). Distintos tipos de ambientes fueron muestreados en siete localidades. Se registraron setenta y cinco especies agrupadas en 33 géneros y siete familias, de las cuales tres géneros y 10 especies son nuevos registros para el país.