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Samples of Philosophy of Education (Examples for Teachers) Samples of Philosophy of James Neill Last updated: Education 18 Aug 2004 (Examples for Teachers) Why develop a personal philosophy of education? Samples of personal educational philosophies Resources & links Share your philosophy of education Why develop a personal philosophy of education? A teacher's personal philosophy of education is a critical element in his or her approach to guiding children along the path of enlightenment. - Barbara Wilt The philosophical watertightness and eloquence of novice-generated philosophies may lack somewhat in academic integrity, but I have found the raw passion of many people's personal philosophies to be significant in challenging and shaping my own philosophy. What's more, personal philosophies guide practice far more than ivory tower philosophies. Samples of personal educational philosophies Here are some links to samples of personal philosophies of education for you to explore. There are roughly in order of "fame" or well-knowness: My credo - Albert Einstein My pedagogic creed - John Dewey, the most significant educational philosopher of the 20th century; he emphasized the subject nature of students' experience Paulo Freire - arguably the second most significant educational philosophyer, behind Dewey, emphasized social justice and education for the liberation of the oppressed The philosophy of freedom - Rudolf Steiner, major alternative education philosopher Montessori philosophy & practice - by Michael Olaf Montessori, major alternative education philosophy Johann Pestalozzi - emphasized the educational potential of everyday life, social justice, and education for the poor and oppressed Kurt Hahn - innovative educator who championed adventure, peace & community The vision of Benton MacKaye - Creator of the Appalachian Trail & social engineer Ancient land - Current connections - by Graham Ellis-Smith, about how to learn from Aboriginal ways of life in order to connect to our own indigenous hearts A personal philosophy of education - Barbara Wilt, teacher Experiential & outdoor education for social & eco sustainability - James Neill, outdoor educator & psychologist Sample philosophy statements of education - LeoNora Cohen & Judy Gelbrich Philosophy of education - Erin Mosher, Plattsburgh State University Rosa Carson - Thinking thinking thinking.... Philosophy of education can refer to either the academic field of applied philosophy or to one of any educational philosophies that promote a specific type or vision of education. As an academic field, philosophy of education is "the philosophical study of education and its problems...its central subject matter is education, and its methods are those of philosophy".[1] "The philosophy of education may be either the philosophy of the process of education or the philosophy of the discipline of education. That is, it may be part of the discipline in the sense of being concerned with the aims, forms, methods, or results of the process of educating or being educated; or it may be metadisciplinary in the sense of being concerned with the concepts, aims, and methods of the discipline."[2] As such, it is both part of the field of education and a field of applied philosophy, drawing from fields of metaphysics, epistemology, axiology and the philosophical approaches (speculative, prescriptive, and/or analytic) to address questions in and about pedagogy, education policy, and curriculum, as well as the process of learning, to name a few.[3] For example, it might study what constitutes upbringing and education, the values and norms revealed through upbringing and educational practices, the limits and legitimization of education as an academic discipline, and the relation between educational theory and practice. Instead of being taught in philosophy departments, philosophy of education is usually housed in departments or colleges of education, similar to how philosophy of law is generally taught in law schools.[1] The multiple ways of conceiving education coupled with the multiple fields and approaches of philosophy make philosophy of education not only a very diverse field but also one that is not easily defined. Although there is overlap, philosophy of education should not be conflated with educational theory, which is not defined specifically by the application of philosophy to questions in education. Philosophy of education also should not be confused with philosophy education, the practice of teaching and learning the subject of philosophy. An educational philosophy is a normative theory of education that unifies pedagogy, curriculum, learning theory, and the purpose of education and is grounded in specific metaphysical, epistemological, and axiological assumptions. Educational essentialism is an educational philosophy whose adherents believe that children should learn the traditional basic subjects and that these should be learned thoroughly and rigorously. An essentialist program normally teaches children progressively, from less complex skills to more complex. Philosophy of education is a term that is used to define an approach to education that is based on the planning of courses and curriculum, policies regarding education, and programs that are used to support or encourage personal and academic development. In many cases, a philosophy of education will be used to inform the structure and mission of a school. The Montessori philosophy of education, for example, is based on the philosophy of education developed by Maria Montessori, an Italian physician who lived between 1870 and 1952. Today there are many schools that use the Montessori philosophy education to guide their curriculum and approaches to teaching. Although Maria Montessori developed a philosophy of education that is used in a number of Western schools today, she was most certainly not the first philosophical thinker on the subject of education. More than a millennium before her birth, philosophers such as Plato and Aristotle were proposing philosophies about eduction. Plato, for example, believed that both men and women should be educated, which is a philosophy of education that is not shared universally. He also had some more radical ideas about education, including the idea that children should become wards of the state, which would be responsible for raising and educating them. Educational essentialism is an educational philosophy whose adherents believe that children should learn the traditional basic subjects thoroughly and rigorously. In this philosophical school of thought, the aim is to instill students with the "essentials" of academic knowledge, enacting a back-to-basics approach. Essentialism ensures that the accumulated wisdom of our civilization as taught in the traditional academic disciplines is passed on from teacher to student. Such disciplines might include Reading, Writing, Literature, Foreign Languages, History, Mathematics, Science, Art, and Music. Moreover, this traditional approach is meant to train the mind, promote reasoning, and ensure a common culture. Contents [hide] 1 Principles of Essentialism o 1.1 Essentialism as a Teacher-Centered Philosophy 2 History of Essentialism o 2.1 Renowned Essentialists 3 Schools Enacting an Essentialist Curriculum 4 Criticism of Essentialism 5 References [edit] Principles of Essentialism Essentialism is a relatively conservative stance to education that strives to teach students the knowledge of our society and civilization through a core curriculum. This core curriculum involves such areas that include the study of the surrounding environment, basic natural laws, and the disciplines that promote a happier, more educated living.[1] Other non-traditional areas are also integrated as well in moderation to balance the education. Essentialists' goals are to instill students with the "essentials" of academic knowledge, patriotism, and character development through traditional (or back-to-basic) approaches. This is to promote reasoning, train the mind, and ensure a common culture for all Americans.[2] Essentialism is the most typically enacted philosophy in American classrooms today. Traces of this can be found in the organized learning centered around teacher and textbooks, in addition to the regular assignments and evaluations typical in essentialist education. [edit] Essentialism as a Teacher-Centered Philosophy The role of the teacher as the leader of the classroom is a very important tenet of Educational essentialism. The teacher is the center of the classroom, so they should be rigid and disciplinary. Establishing order in the classroom is crucial for student learning; effective teaching cannot take place in a loud and disorganized environment. It is the teacher's responsibility to keep order in the classroom.[3] The teacher must interpret essentials of the learning process, take the leadership position and set the tone of the classroom. These needs require an educator that is academically well-qualified with an appreciation for learning and development. The teacher must control the students with distributions of rewards and penalties.[4] [edit] History of Essentialism The Essentialist movement first began in the United States in the year 1938. In Atlantic City, New Jersey, a group met for the first time called "The Essentialist's Committee for the Advancement of Education".[5] Their emphasis was to reform the educational system to a rational-based system. The term essentialist first appeared in the book An Introduction to the Philosophy of Education which was written by Michael John Demiashkevich.[6]
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