Style and Citation Guide Revised March 2014
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The Elements of Style and Other Grammatical Oddities
The Elements of Style and other grammatical oddities Vigorous writing is concise • “A sentence should contain no unnecessary words, a paragraph no unnecessary sentences, for the same reason that a drawing should have no unnecessary lines and a machine no unnecessary parts. This requires that the writer make all of his sentences short, or that he avoid all detail and treat his subjects only in outline, but that every word tell.” --The Elements of Style by William Strunk, Jr. [1918] Elementary Rules of Usage • Form the possessive singular of nouns by adding ’s •EX: Charles’s friend Burns’s poems The witch’s malice. • The possessive pronouns hers, its, theirs, yours, and ours have no apostrophe. Indefinite pronouns, however, use the apostrophe to show possession. •EX: one’s rights Somebody else’s umbrella To form the possessive for regular plural nouns that end in s or es, add only the apostrophe •EX: The Graves’ book collection consists mainly of works by Harlan Corben and Patricia Cromwell. The Lopezes’ three children are identical triplets. • A common error is to write it’s for its, or vice versa. The first is a contraction, meaning “it is.” The second is a possessive. •EX: - It’s (contraction) a wise dog that scratches its (possessive) own fleas. To indicate individual ownership of two or more items, add ’s to each of the items. EX: - Tupac’s and Notorious B.I.G.’s lyrical styles have some similarities. To indicate joint ownerships, add ’s only to the last item. EX: Britney Spears and her first husband’s marriage lasted all of fourteen hours. -
{PDF} the Elements of Style: Everything You Need to Know To
THE ELEMENTS OF STYLE: EVERYTHING YOU NEED TO KNOW TO WRITE 1ST EDITION PDF, EPUB, EBOOK William Strunk Jr | 9781557427281 | | | | | The Elements of Style: Everything You Need to Know to Write 1st edition PDF Book Need another sample paper to peek at? Since then, the number of private. These were written either with an intention to make a moral or just for the entertainment of the audience. Elise Barbeau is the Citation Specialist at Chegg. Even before Pullum's review I gave an interview to Time Out New York in which I noted that the most striking thing about The Elements of Style is that nobody seems to pay attention to the introduction in which White himself undermines much of the book's credibility, or at least takes great pains to point out that the book is not the inerrant grammar ruling of God that so many people seem to think it is. Such a mode is used when the narrator wants the reader to feel as if he is himself the character in the story. APA style is most used within the social sciences. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. You just need to include: The running head The page number The title of your essay Your name The Institutional Affiliation your college, for example If you think it would take you too long to learn the APA style format, you have another option: get assistance online. Two hundred twenty five children were found in the warehouse, some malnourished and diseased. -
Maira Kalman's Irreverent Pictures for the Grammar Bible
JULIE SAUL GALLERY ART & DESIGN | ART REVIEW Maira Kalman’s Irreverent Pictures for the Grammar Bible By ROBERTA SMITH | AUG. 17, 2017 Maira Kalman’s illustration in “The Elements of Style” illuminates a section on restrictive clauses: “People who live in glass houses shouldn’t throw stones.” Credit Julie Saul Gallery, Ne w York Around 2002, the artist, illustrator and writer Maira Kalman came across a copy of William Strunk Jr. and E. B. White’s “The Elements of Style” in a yard sale and decided that this legendary if sometimes contested guide to grammar and clear writing needed visual accompaniment. So she provided some, making 57 illustrations inspired by sentences and phrases selected from the book. All these images Ms. Kalman rendered in gouache in a delectably colored figurative style indebted to David Hockney and Florine Stettheimer. They were then sprinkled throughout a 2005 version of “Elements” based on its fourth edition, covered in exuberant red. Now all Ms. Kalman’s illustrations can be seen — together for the first time in New York — in a smart, beguiling array at the Julie Saul Gallery in Chelsea. 535 West 22ND Street New York NY – 10011 T: 212 - 627 - 2410 F: 212 - 627 - 2411 saulgallery.com Known to generations of American high school and college students as “the little book” or simply Strunk and White, “Elements” was originally written and, in 1919, self-published by Strunk, a professor of English at Cornell University, for in-house use. In 1959, the Macmillan company published a new edition revised and expanded by White, a former Strunk student and by then a prominent writer for The New Yorker, and he followed it with new editions in 1972 and 1979. -
STYLE GUIDE for EDITORS and PROOFREADERS of IDRC BOOKS
IDRC - Lib L. 14 STYLE GUIDE for EDITORS and PROOFREADERS of IDRC BOOKS Distributed by IDRC Books International Development Research Centre PO Box 8500 Ottawa, ON Canada K1G 3B9 ® IDRC Books, October 1993 INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT RESEARCH CENTRE Ottawa Cairo 0 Dakar 0 Johannesburg Montevideo 0 Nairobi 9 New Delhi 0 Singapore If you have comments, corrections, or suggested additions for this style guide, please pass them, in writing, to Bill Carman Senior Science Writer/Editor IDRC Books 250 Albert Street, PO Box 8500 Ottawa, ON Canada K1G 3119 Phone: (613) 236-6163 ext. 2089 Fax: (613) 563-0815 Internet: [email protected] CONTENTS QUESTION MARK .......... 25 INDEX ................ v QUOTATION MARKS ........ 25 Single (`) and double (") quotes FOREWORD xv 25; IDRC rule 26; Double ........... quotes 26; Single quotes 26 APOSTROPHE 26 ONE WORDS 1 ............. - .......... SOLIDUS ................ 27 SPELLING AUTHORITY 1 ...... Names 27 Choice in Webster's 1; PARENTHESES AND BRACKETS 28 Exceptions to Webster's 1; Parentheses 28; Brackets 29; Words frequently misspelled 2 Braces 29 GEOGRAPHIC NAMES 6 ....... HYPHENS AND DASHES 29 Sources 6; Variants from the ..... Hyphen, en dash, and em dash sources 6 29; Definitions 30; Typing ORGANIZATION NAMES 6 ..... hyphen and dashes 30; IDRC Official names 6; Translating style with em dash 31 organization names 7 TECHNICAL WORDS ........ 8 Accuracy 8; Sources 8; Plant, THREE - ONE TO NINE microorganism, and animal names AND BEYOND ........ 33 8 NUMBERS ............... 33 CONFUSED PAIRS .......... 10 General rule 33; Ordinal ACCENTS ................ 12 numbers 33; Numbers above 999 IDRC rule 12 33; Miscellaneous points on CAPITALIZATION .......... 13 numbers 34; Solidus (n 34 IDRC style 13 UNITS ................. -
Mhra Style Guide for School of English Students
MHRA STYLE GUIDE FOR SCHOOL OF ENGLISH STUDENTS INTRODUCTORY VERSION ENGLISH LITERATURE PROGRAMME (Footnote Style) ENGLISH LANGUAGE AND LINGUISTICS PROGRAMME (Author Date Style) English Literature Modules What do you want to produce? A citation to be placed in a footnote A reference to a book A reference to a chapter in a book A reference to an article in a journal A bibliography entry A reference to a book A reference to a chapter in a book A reference to an article in a journal If your source is a book prepare your FOOTNOTE citation exactly as follows Joe Bray, The Epistolary Novel: Representations of Consciousness (London: Routledge, 2003), p. 30. Things to get right, in order: • Author’s name as it appears on the book’s titlepage, followed by comma and a space • Full title of the book, in italics, with capital letters where appropriate, then a space • Brackets containing the publisher data with exact punctuation as follows -- (City: Publisher, Year) • These brackets are followed by a comma, then a space • The page number of your citation displayed accurately: p. followed by a space then the number. More than one page is presented like this: pp. 230-31 • Finish footnotes with a full stop. table of contents If your source is a titled essay in a book prepare your FOOTNOTE citation exactly as follows: Sue Owen, 'The Lost Rhetoric of Liberty: Marvell and Restoration Drama', in Marvell and Liberty, ed. by W. Chernaik and M. Dzelzainis (Basingstoke: Macmillan, 1999), pp. 334-53 (p. 334). Things to get right, in order: • Author’s name as it appears on the essay’s titlepage, followed by comma and a space • Full title of the article, in single inverted commas, with capital letters where appropriate, then a comma and the word in • Full title of the book in italics followed by a comma and the phrase ed. -
Ama Citation Style Guide
AMA CITATION STYLE GUIDE BCIT LIBRARY SERVICES | bcit.ca/library Updated August 2015 AMA Citation Style Guide | 3 When writing a research paper, it is important to cite any sources that you consult in your research and subsequently use to support the ideas that you put forth in your paper. Failure to acknowledge the use of information gathered or ideas posed by other authors, whether you directly quote them or not, may be construed as plagiarism. Plagiarism is the presentation of the ideas and/or the work of others as one’s own and is a serious offence. This guide is meant to serve an introduction to the 10th edition of the American Medical Association (AMA) citation style. For more information, see Chapter 8 in Cite right: a quick guide to citation styles by Charles Lipson (PN 171 F56 L55 2011, BCIT Library, Burnaby) or one of the many web resources that offer instruction in the use of the citation style. The AMA citation guides produced by the Library at the College of Saint Scholastica (http://libguides.css.edu/ama) and by the Library at Brescia University College (http://brescia.uwo.ca/library/ research/citation-guides/) are highly recommended resources. AMA CITATION STYLE (10TH EDITION) When using the AMA citation style, indication of and information about a cited work, piece of information or idea must appear in two places. You must insert a note within the text of your paper when you make use of a borrowed piece of information and/or idea. These notes (or in text citations) are to be numbered sequentially in the order that they appear within the text of your paper. -
Style Manual for 2019-2020 Energy Law Journal in the Text
STYLE MANUAL FOR 2019-2020 ENERGY LAW JOURNAL IN THE TEXT ❑ The word “section” is not capitalized when used with an act – i.e., section 101 of the AEA, not Section 101 of the AEA. ❑ Make sure the first time (and only the first time) an abbreviation is used (i.e., FERC), the full name is spelled out and the abbreviation is in parenthesis without quotes – i.e., Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC). ❑ Make sure the abbreviation is descriptive. If a committee report refers to seven different Public Utilities Commissions, abbreviating each as PUC is not effective. If you see this, suggest changes in a comment box, such as: Penn PUC or California PUC, etc …. ❑ Where an agency acronym has one or more vowels and can be pronounced as a word (e.g., DOE, DOT, FERC, OSHA) and the acronym is used as a noun, the author has complete discretion whether to precede reference to the agency with the article "the." For example, the author may say either that “the FERC held . .” or simply that “FERC held . .” ❑ Mid-sentence footnotes are permitted. Footnotes should follow punctuation. ❑ Every sentence that has quotations in it should have a footnote at the end. If you see quotes without footnotes, attempt to find the source and insert the correct footnote. ❑ When you see quoted material (or non-quoted material that is cited), read the sentences before and after to make sure that the author has not “almost” quoted other nearby materials. If you find that the author is indeed quoting a source but has not put quotation marks around it, treat the sentence as you would a quote i.e. -
Harvard Referencing Style Guide
Harvard Referencing Style Guide Learning Services Guide Last updated September 2020 ehu.ac.uk/ls 1 Table of Contents Harvard Referencing Style Guide ........................................................................................................... 4 What is referencing? ............................................................................................................................ 4 What is a reference? ........................................................................................................................... 4 General guidance ................................................................................................................................ 4 Anonymous works ............................................................................................................................... 4 Alphabetical order ................................................................................................................................ 4 Layout and formatting .......................................................................................................................... 4 Incomplete references – no date ......................................................................................................... 4 Citations .................................................................................................................................................. 5 Citations (in text) ................................................................................................................................. -
Current Anthropology Style Guide 1
Current Anthropology Style Guide 1 Current Anthropology Information for Authors Style Guide Please consult the Chicago Manual of Style for topics not discussed in this guide and for further information. Contents Treatment of Numbers and Math 3 General Style for Numbers 3 Ordinal Numbers 3 Fractions 3 Percentages 3 Statistics, Decimals, and Zeros 4 Currency 4 Metric Measurements 4 Radiometric Dating 5 Quotations 6 General Style for Quoted Text 6 Epigraphs 6 Citation of References in Text 7 General Principles for Citations 7 Author and Year 7 Multiple Authors for One Reference 8 String of Citations 8 Page Number with Citation 8 Figure, Table, or Note 8 Quotation with Citation 9 Unpublished Work 9 References Cited List 10 Contents 10 General Principles for References 11 Order of References 12 Alphabetization 12 Same First Author 12 Identical Authors for Subsequent References 12 Content of References 13 Author/Editor 13 Date 13 Title 14 City 14 Publisher 15 Page Numbers 16 URLs 16 Current Anthropology Style Guide 2 Examples of References 17 Books 17 Book, Single Author 17 Book, More Than One Author 17 Book, Editor as Author 17 Book Chapter 17 Book Introduction, Foreword, Etc. 17 Multivolume Book 17 Monograph Series 18 Reprinted Book, Revised/Subsequent Edition 18 Book Translation 18 Forthcoming Book or Chapter 19 Journals 20 Journal Article 20 Journal Supplement Article 20 Journal Special Issue 20 Electronic-Only Journal or Newsletter 21 Journal Article with DOI 21 Journal New Series 21 Forthcoming Journal Article 21 Other Sources 22 Dissertation or Thesis 22 Government Record or Report 22 Internet Document 22 Legal Case 23 Magazine 23 Newspaper 23 Paper Presented at a Meeting 23 Proceedings 23 Report 24 Review 24 Software 24 Software User Guide 24 Footnotes in Text 25 Current Anthropology Style Guide 3 Treatment of Numbers and Math Contents General Style for Numbers 3 Ordinal Numbers 3 Fractions 3 Percentages 3 Statistics, Decimals, and Zeros 4 Currency 4 Metric Measurements 4 General Style for Numbers • Spell out numbers under 10, except before a unit of measure. -
House Style Guide
House Style Guide Arkansas Supreme Court Arkansas Court of Appeals Susan P. Williams Reporter of Decisions Tina Huddleson Deputy Reporter of Decisions September 2010 TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION .......................................................................................................................... ii OPINION FORMAT AND STYLE ........................................................................................... 1 1.1 General Opinion Formatting Conventions ......................................................................... 1 1.2 Case Caption, Docket Number, Opinion Date .................................................................. 3 1.3 Authoring Justices and Judges ............................................................................................... 4 1.4 Introduction of Abbreviated Names and Acronyms ......................................................... 5 1.5 “Em” Dashes, “En” Dashes, and Hyphens ........................................................................ 5 1.6 Quotations ............................................................................................................................... 6 CITATION OF ARKANSAS-SPECIFIC SOURCES .......................................................... 10 2.1 Cases ....................................................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Special Citation Forms for Other Court Opinions .......................................................... 12 2.3 Arkansas Constitution -
ACS Style Guide: WHAT IS IT? ACS Style Refers to the Citation Format of the American Chemical Society Which Includes Over More Than 50 Journals
Introduction to ACS Style (American Chemical Society) ACS Style Guide: WHAT IS IT? ACS Style refers to the citation format of the American Chemical Society which includes over more than 50 journals. ACS style guide represents best practices within the field of chemistry. This citation style guide is based on the 3rd edition of The ACS Style Guideline: Effective Communication of Scientific Communication. MANUSCRIPT FORMATTING: ACS recommend the following manuscript formatting: • ACS style focuses more on precision and unambiguous writing. Sentences need to have a clear meaning that easily flows from one to the next. If not, misinterpretations might confuse the reader. • The style recommended by the ACS is taken from already established sources such as The Chicago Manual of Style, Words into Type and the United States Government Printing Office Style Manual Grammar, Punctuation and Spelling Grammar, Punctuation and Spelling are covered in Chapter 9 of the ACS Style Guidelines, pp. 105-134. • Subject Verb agreement – The subject and its verb have to agree in number. For instance, two singular subjects joined by “and” must use a plural verb, unless the plural form of the subject is used in singular effect which then uses a singular verb. o Ex: Growth and isolation of M13 virus were described. (plural verb) o Ex: Research and development is attracting a growing number of young scientists. (singular verb) • Awkward Omissions of Verbs and Auxiliary Verbs – All subjects within a compound sentence must use the proper verb and auxiliary verb. o Ex: The eluant was added to the column, and the samples were collected in 10 mL increments. -
IEEE Computer Society Style Guide
IEEE Computer Society Style Guide REFERENCE LIST References are listed in the order they appear in the text, not in alphabetical order. PRINT JOURNAL ARTICLE [1] J.J. Garcia Adeva and R. Calvo, “Mining Text with Pimiento,” IEEE Internet Computing, vol. 10, no. 4, 2006, pp. 27-35. ONLINE JOURNAL ARTICLE BASED ON PRINT [2] J.J. Garcia Adeva and R. Calvo, “Mining Text with Pimiento,” IEEE Internet Computing, vol. 10, no. 4, 2006, pp. 27-35. ONLINE ARTICLE, NO PRINT VERSION [3] D. Ferrucci and A. Lally, “Building an Example Application with the Unstructured Information Management Architecture,” IBM Systems Journal, vol. 43, no. 3, 2004; www.research.ibm.com/journal/sj/433/ferrucci.html. WEBSITE [4] Vaughan Memorial Library, Acadia University, “New Vaughan Memorial Library Website,” 2006; http://library.acadiau.ca/. BOOK BY INDIVIDUAL AUTHOR [5] E.R. Harold, Effective XML: 50 Specific Ways to Improve Your XML, Addison-Wesley, 2004. ELECTRONIC BOOK BASED ON PRINT [6] E. Westermann, Learn XML in a Weekend, Premier Press, 2000. BOOK BY CORPORATE AUTHOR [7] Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers, IEEE Recommended Practice for Electric Power Systems in Commerical Buildings, 3rd ed, IEEE, 2005. LATER EDITION OF A BOOK [8] J.G. Paradis and M.L. Zimmerman, The MIT Guide to Science and Engineering Communication, 2nd ed, MIT Press, 2002. EDITED BOOK [9] C. Seale et al., eds., Qualitative Research Practice, Sage, 2004. * If there are more than three authors you use et al. after the first author’s name. ARTICLES/CHAPTERS IN A BOOK [10] M. Ward, “Information and the Engineer,” Information Sources in Engineering, 4th ed., R.A.