DOCSLIB.ORG

Brynlee Emery - Those Who Admit Their Belief - Google Docs

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Brynlee Emery - Those Who Admit Their Belief - Google Docs 5/6/2019 Brynlee Emery - Those Who Admit Their Belief - Google Docs Those Who Admit Their Belief: Latter­day Saint Immigrants and the Polygamy Restriction in U.S. Immigration Law Brynlee Emery Honors Thesis Submitted to the Department of History, Georgetown University Advisor: Professor Katherine Benton­Cohen Honors Program Chairs: Professor Katherine Benton­Cohen and Alison Games 6 May 2019 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1bTogYIzGImikVxQxPZ_F6Ro4o4f2QJc1rM6vrRv5Drk/edit 1/246 5/6/2019 Brynlee Emery - Those Who Admit Their Belief - Google Docs Table of Contents Acknowledgments………………………………………………………………………………...2 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………..3 Chapter 1: The Development of Anti­Polygamy Immigration Law……………………………..21 Chapter 2: Proxy Restrictions, Gender, and the Challenges of Enforcement……………………46 Chapter 3: Unexpected Consequences and the Growth of Bureaucratic Regulation…………….74 Epilogue………………………………………………………………………………………...107 Appendix A: 1913 Bureau of Immigration Polygamy Questionnaire……………………….....112 Appendix B: Polygamy Exclusions By Year and Country of Origin…………………………...113 Bibliography…………………………...…………………………...…………………………...116 1 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1bTogYIzGImikVxQxPZ_F6Ro4o4f2QJc1rM6vrRv5Drk/edit 3/246 5/6/2019 Brynlee Emery - Those Who Admit Their Belief - Google Docs Acknowledgments I would not have been able to complete this thesis without the help and support of so many. First, I would like to thank Professor Katherine­Benton Cohen for shepherding me through this project both in “Inventing the Illegal Alien” and later in the honors seminar. Her advice, encouragement, and expertise has been instrumental in my success. I would also like to thank her for her tireless dedication to the whole honors seminar and for the massive amount of work that went into helping us all through this process. I would also like to thank Zach Wilske, Allison Finkelstein, and Char Cook of the U.S. Citizenship and Immigration Services History Office and Library. Their support of my research during my internship last summer helped me to refine my thoughts and place them into the context of larger issues in immigration history. I also owe them my appreciation for helping me navigate the confusing collection of immigrant case files at the National Archives. To Jeffrey Turner, of the University of Utah, for sharing primary source materials from archives I was not able to visit in Salt Lake City and for providing additional insight into the history of the polygamy clause. To Julia Rose Kraut, of New York University, for your kind willingness to share your work on ideological deportation and exclusion. To Sydnie and Matt for being the first readers of all of my drafts throughout the last year. And, to the rest of the honors seminar for the inspiration and community they have provided as we all work through these projects. To the archivists and librarians at the National Archives and Records Administration, especially Bill Creech, for helping me access the necessary materials and so helpfully advising me on my first few trips to the archives. Also to the man who, on two separate occasions, pulled boxes for me between the standard pull times. I sincerely regret that I do not know your name, but that thoughtfulness has stayed with me ever since. To the descendents of affected immigrants that I corresponded with over the FamilySearch messaging service. Your insight into the emotional effects of the provision on individuals lent greater depth and weight to their stories that I could not have accessed through public files. Most of all, I would like to thank my family and friends for supporting me throughout this project and throughout my time as a student at Georgetown. My parents and sisters have been enormously supportive and my thanks goes beyond what words can say. Finally, I would like to thank my husband, Will, for listening to me rant about polygamists and unfair government officials for a year and a half. His interest in and encouragement of my work has made a huge difference, and I can’t thank him enough for helping me to work through frustrating and confusing moments, knowing when to tell me to take time to rest, and picking up Ben and Jerry’s on a regular basis. I give Lauinger Library permission to release this thesis to the public. 2 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1bTogYIzGImikVxQxPZ_F6Ro4o4f2QJc1rM6vrRv5Drk/edit 5/246 5/6/2019 Brynlee Emery - Those Who Admit Their Belief - Google Docs Introduction In 1916, twenty­six years after the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter­day Saints had banned polygamy among its members, Elsie Doris Jarvis arrived at Ellis Island from England. Elsie was a nineteen­year­old Latter­day Saint, and she was traveling to meet up with her brother in Salt Lake City, Utah. In Utah, Elsie also planned to marry her sweetheart, Boswell Clifford, who had completed a mission for the Church in the United Kingdom. Like many members of the Church of this era, Elsie sailed across the Atlantic with a group of other Latter­day Saints.1 The larger groups allowed passengers to maintain some feeling of security and familiarity in the trek across the ocean and the North American continent, but they also attracted the attention of the immigration officers at ports of entry. Since 1891, U.S. immigration law had prohibited the entry of immigrants who practiced or supported the practice of polygamy. Due to the Church’s prior sanction of plural marriage among its members, immigration inspectors often targeted those traveling in Latter­day Saint groups for particular scrutiny regarding the polygamy question. Soon after Elsie’s hearing with the officers began, they asked her whether she believed in the practice of polygamy. She responded, “Personally I should not care for it myself. Anything in the Bible I believe.” Regarding her opinion on others’ practice of polygamy, she said, “I will leave that to their judgment.”2 This answer was not virulent enough for the Bureau of Immigration. They excluded Elsie as a believer in polygamy, and barred her from entering the United States. Years later, she recalled, “in New York, one of the government authorities found out I was a Mormon, thought I 1 Bureau of Immigration, “Elsie Doris Jarvis Before Board of Special Inquiry Held at Ellis Island, N.Y.,” July 31st, 1916, File of Elsie Doris Jarvis 54171­179, Engry 9, Record Group 85, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C., 1. 2 Bureau of Immigration, “Elsie Doris Jarvis Before a Board of Special Inquiry,” 2. 3 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1bTogYIzGImikVxQxPZ_F6Ro4o4f2QJc1rM6vrRv5Drk/edit 7/246 5/6/2019 Brynlee Emery - Those Who Admit Their Belief - Google Docs was coming out here to be the tenth wife of some Mormon. I told him he was mistaken but that didn’t make any difference.”3 Because she lacked a full­throated rejection of polygamy, the inspectors determined that Elsie must be sympathetic to the practice. Elsie Doris Jarvis, Age 194 Elsie appealed her case. Descendants note that, despite paperwork detailing the contrary, Elsie did not receive any food or water while in detention awaiting the Bureau’s decision. One grandchild recorded that she felt immense frustration that the immigration officers did not believe her claims. This frustration was particularly noteworthy since she was “a very softspoken lady who never spoke badly about anyone.”5 A few days later, the Department of Labor, which housed the Bureau of Immigration, determined that the officers had not “amply substantiated” 3 Elsie Doris Jarvis Merrill, “Autobiographical Sketch,” unpublished, pdf file. Accessed 3/25/2019. 4 Image courtesy of FamilySearch. Accessed 3/25/2019. https://www.familysearch.org/photos/artifacts/3606632?p=12383525&returnLabel=Elsie%20Doris%20Jarvis%20(K WCV­3VB)&returnUrl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.familysearch.org%2Ftree%2Fperson%2Fmemories%2FKWCV­3 VB . 5 Author’s correspondence with FamilySearch User D’Merrill, November 13, 2018. 4 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1bTogYIzGImikVxQxPZ_F6Ro4o4f2QJc1rM6vrRv5Drk/edit 9/246 5/6/2019 Brynlee Emery - Those Who Admit Their Belief - Google Docs her belief in polygamy. Without supporting evidence for this accusation, the Department ordered that her appeal be sustained.6 She was admitted to the United States and made her way to Utah where she later broke off the relationship with Boswell Clifford. Instead, she married Lewis B. Merrill, another former missionary to Great Britain, and Clifford’s missionary companion. Elsie and Lewis had nine children and were reported to have “never said a cross word to each other” throughout their entire marriage.7 Elsie died in South Jordan, Utah in 1979, at the age of eighty­two.8 The clause banning polygamists from immigrating to the United States was one of the least­used provisions in early twentieth­century immigration law. Only 378 people were ever excluded as polygamists during the period between 1891 and 1920 when the provision was most often used. In the same time frame, nearly 18 million immigrants had successfully landed in the United States, and over 300,000 had been excluded. Polygamy cases accounted for a paltry 1% of all exclusions, and an almost imperceptible fraction of total immigration during this period.9 Accordingly, historians have paid the provision little attention. The polygamy restriction was undoubtedly ineffective, rarely useful, and easily challenged when employed against immigrants themselves. However, the ban served as an important symbolic mechanism that reinforced specific norms regarding gender and religion. 6 Bureau of Immigration, “Memorandum for the Acting Secretary in re. Elsie Doris Jarvis Age 19,” August 4, 1916, File of Elsie Doris Jarvis 54171­179, Entry 9, Record Group 85, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C.. 7 Elsie Doris Jarvis Merrill, FindAGrave, h ttps://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76159. 8 Elsie Doris Jarvis Merrill, “Autobiographical Sketch,” 1; Elsie Doris Jarvis Merrill, FindAGrave, https://www.findagrave.com/memorial/76159. 9 U.S Department of Labor, A nnual Report of the Commissioner­General of Immigration to the Secretary of Labor 1920 , Bureau of Immigration, (Washington: Government Printing Office) 198.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Utah History Encyclopedia
    POLYGAMY Polygamist prisoners, State Penitentiary, 1888 When establishing the LDS Church, Joseph Smith recorded numerous revelations he claimed to receive, often in answer to questions about the Bible, which are now included in the Doctrine and Covenants, part of the LDS canon. In answer to his question as to why many of the Old Testament leaders had more than one wife, Smith received what is now known as Section 132. Although the revelation was not recorded until 1843, Smith may have received it in the 1830s and married his first plural wife, Fanny Alger, in 1835. Polygamy was not openly practiced in the Mormon Church until 1852 when Orson Pratt, an apostle, made a public speech defending it as a tenet of the church. From 1852 until 1890, Mormon Church leaders preached and encouraged members, especially those in leadership positions, to marry additional wives. A majority of the Latter-day Saints never lived the principle. The number of families involved varied by community; for example, 30 percent in St. George in 1870 and 40 percent in 1880 practiced polygamy, while only 5 percent in South Weber practiced the principle in 1880. Rather than the harems often suggested in non-Mormon sources, most Mormon husbands married only two wives. The wives usually lived in separate homes and had direct responsibility for their children. Where the wives lived near each other, the husbands usually visited each wife on a daily or weekly basis. While there were the expected troubles between wives and families, polygamy was usually not the only cause, although it certainly could cause greater tension.
    [Show full text]
  • The Political Thought and Activity of Heber J. Grant, Seventh President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints
    Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 1965 The Political Thought and Activity of Heber J. Grant, Seventh President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints Loman Franklin Aydelotte Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the History Commons, and the Mormon Studies Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Aydelotte, Loman Franklin, "The Political Thought and Activity of Heber J. Grant, Seventh President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints" (1965). Theses and Dissertations. 4492. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4492 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. f THE POLITICAL THOUGHT AND ACTIVITY OF HEBER J GRANT SEVENTH PRESIDENT OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTERDAYLATTER DAY SAINTS A thesis presented to the department of history brigham young university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of arts by loman franklin aydelotte april 15 1965 this thesis by loman franklin aydelotte is accepted in its present form by the department of history of brigham0 young university as satisfying the thesis requirements for the degree of master of arts april 15 1965 minor committeetlitteeattee member vv acing chairman major depahnpient typed by nola B aydelotte
    [Show full text]
  • The Secret Mormon Meetings of 1922
    University of Nevada, Reno THE SECRET MORMON MEETINGS OF 1922 A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in History By Shannon Caldwell Montez C. Elizabeth Raymond, Ph.D. / Thesis Advisor December 2019 Copyright by Shannon Caldwell Montez 2019 All Rights Reserved UNIVERSITY OF NEVADA RENO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL We recommend that the thesis prepared under our supervision by SHANNON CALDWELL MONTEZ entitled The Secret Mormon Meetings of 1922 be accepted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF ARTS C. Elizabeth Raymond, Ph.D., Advisor Cameron B. Strang, Ph.D., Committee Member Greta E. de Jong, Ph.D., Committee Member Erin E. Stiles, Ph.D., Graduate School Representative David W. Zeh, Ph.D., Dean, Graduate School December 2019 i Abstract B. H. Roberts presented information to the leadership of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in January of 1922 that fundamentally challenged the entire premise of their religious beliefs. New research shows that in addition to church leadership, this information was also presented during the neXt few months to a select group of highly educated Mormon men and women outside of church hierarchy. This group represented many aspects of Mormon belief, different areas of eXpertise, and varying approaches to dealing with challenging information. Their stories create a beautiful tapestry of Mormon life in the transition years from polygamy, frontier life, and resistance to statehood, assimilation, and respectability. A study of the people involved illuminates an important, overlooked, underappreciated, and eXciting period of Mormon history.
    [Show full text]
  • Joseph F. Smith: the Father of Modern Mormonism a Thesis
    Joseph F. Smith: The Father of Modern Mormonism A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Humanities By Alexander Reid Harrison B.S., Brigham Young University Idaho, 2010 2014 Wright State University WRIGHT STATE UNIVERSITY GRADUATE SCHOOL Dec 13, 2013 I HEREBY RECOMMEND THAT THE THESIS PREPARED UNDER MY SUPERVISION BY Alexander Reid Harrison ENTITLED Joseph F Smith: The Father of Modern Mormonism BE ACCEPTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF Master of Humanities ____________________ Ava Chamberlain, Ph.D. Thesis Director Committee on ____________________ Final Examination Valerie L. Stoker, Ph.D. Director, Master of Humanities Program ____________________ Ava Chamberlain, Ph.D. ____________________ Jacob Dorn, Ph.D. ____________________ Nancy G. Garner, Ph.D. _____________________ Robert E. W. Fyffe, Ph.D. Vice President for Research and Dean of the Graduate School iii ABSTRACT Harrison, Alexander Reid. M.H. Department of Humanities, Wright State University, 2014. Joseph F. Smith: The Father of Modern Mormonism Joseph F. Smith (1838-1918) was the father of modern Mormonism. Nephew of the founding Prophet, President Joseph Smith Jr. (1805-1844), Joseph F. Smith was the sixth president of the Mormon Church. During his presidency (1901-1918), he redefined Mormonism. He helped change the perception of what a Mormon was, both inside and outside the faith. He did so by organizing the structure of the faith theologically, historically, ideologically, and institutionally. In doing this, he set the tone for what Mormonism would become, and set a standard paradigm for the world of what a Mormon is. Joseph F.
    [Show full text]
  • No. 17-15589 in the UNITED STATES COURT of APPEALS
    Case: 17-15589, 04/20/2017, ID: 10404479, DktEntry: 113, Page 1 of 35 No. 17-15589 IN THE UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE NINTH CIRCUIT STATE OF HAWAII, ET AL., Plaintiffs/Appellees v. DONALD J. TRUMP, ET AL., Defendants/Appellants. ON APPEAL FROM THE UNITED STATES DISTRICT COURT FOR HAWAII THE HONORABLE DERRICK KAHALA WATSON, DISTRICT JUDGE CASE NO. 1:17-CV-00050-DKW-KSC AMICI CURIAE BRIEF OF SCHOLARS OF AMERICAN RELIGIOUS HISTORY & LAW IN SUPPORT OF NEITHER PARTY ANNA-ROSE MATHIESON BEN FEUER CALIFORNIA APPELLATE LAW GROUP LLP 96 Jessie Street San Francisco, California 94105 (415) 649-6700 ATTORNEYS FOR AMICI CURIAE SCHOLARS OF AMERICAN RELIGIOUS HISTORY & LAW Case: 17-15589, 04/20/2017, ID: 10404479, DktEntry: 113, Page 2 of 35 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF AUTHORITIES ....................................................................... ii INTERESTS OF AMICI CURIAE ............................................................. 1 STATEMENT OF COMPLIANCE WITH RULE 29 ................................. 4 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 5 ARGUMENT ............................................................................................... 7 I. The History of Religious Discrimination Against Mormon Immigrants Demonstrates the Need for Vigilant Judicial Review of Government Actions Based on Fear of Religious Minorities ............................................... 7 A. Mormons Were the Objects of Widespread Religious Hostility in the 19th Century .......................
    [Show full text]
  • [Name 1971; 1973
    Form No. 10-300 (Rev. 10-74) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY « NOMINATION FORM SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS [NAME HISTORIC Reed 0. Smoot House AND/OR COMMON Reed 0. Smoot House LOCATION STREET & NUMBER Iftg Past. TOO Smith _NOT FOR PUBLICATION CITY, TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Provo VICINITY OF STATE Utah CODE COUNTY Utah CODE OM9 CLASSIFICATION CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENT USE —DISTRICT JCPUBLIC —^OCCUPIED _AGRICULTURE —MUSEUM X-BUILDING(S) —PRIVATE —UNOCCUPIED —COMMERCIAL —PARK —STRUCTURE —BOTH —WORK IN PROGRESS —EDUCATIONAL ^.PRIVATE RESIDENCE _SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE —ENTERTAINMENT —RELIGIOUS —OBJECT —IN PROCESS —YES: RESTRICTED —GOVERNMENT —SCIENTIFIC —BEING CONSIDERED — YES: UNRESTRICTED —INDUSTRIAL —TRANSPORTATION —MILITARY —OTHER: OWNER OF PROPERTY NAME jyfrs. Harlow E. Smoot STREETS. NUMBER 183 East 100 South CITY. TOWN STATE Provo VICINITY OF Utah LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE, Office of the County Recorder REGISTRY OF DEEDS,ETC. Utah County Courthouse STREET & NUMBER Center Street at University Avenue CITY. TOWN STATE Provo Utah I REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TITLE Utah Historic Sites Survey; National Register of Historic DATE 1971; 1973 —FEDERAL —STATE —COUNTY _LOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR e SURVEY RECORDS Utah Historical Society; National Register CITY. TOWN Salt Lake City; Washington STATE Utah; D.C. 314- DESCRIPTION CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE X.EXCELLENT —DETERIORATED —UNALTERED X_ORIGINALSITE _GOOD _RUINS X-ALTERED —MOVED DATE_______ _FAIR _UNEXPOSED DESCRIBETHE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE Reed Smoot paid $4,000 excluding cost of the heating plant, hard­ wood floors, and certain other trim to have this 2 1/2-story, beige- painted, red brick house built in 1892.
    [Show full text]
  • The Judicial Campaign Against Polygamy and the Enduring Legal Questions
    BYU Studies Quarterly Volume 27 Issue 3 Article 7 7-1-1987 The Judicial Campaign against Polygamy and the Enduring Legal Questions Edwin B. Firmage Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq Recommended Citation Firmage, Edwin B. (1987) "The Judicial Campaign against Polygamy and the Enduring Legal Questions," BYU Studies Quarterly: Vol. 27 : Iss. 3 , Article 7. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/byusq/vol27/iss3/7 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in BYU Studies Quarterly by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Firmage: The Judicial Campaign against Polygamy and the Enduring Legal Que the judicial campaign against polygamy and the enduring legal questions edwin B firmage for lay people the chief virtue of our constitution is not in its distribution of power or in its guarantees of participation in govern- mental processes but in the protections it affords individual liberties not least of which is freedom of conscience yet ratification of the bill of rights did not fix in stone the content of constitutional guarantees instead it was left to the judiciary to interpret the simple phrases of the first eight amendments in concrete cases illuminated by evidence of the framers intent and changing social values perhaps no provision of the bill of rights better exemplifies this process of judicial interpretation
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Mormon History Vol. 20, No. 1, 1994
    Journal of Mormon History Volume 20 Issue 1 Article 1 1994 Journal of Mormon History Vol. 20, No. 1, 1994 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/mormonhistory Part of the Religion Commons Recommended Citation (1994) "Journal of Mormon History Vol. 20, No. 1, 1994," Journal of Mormon History: Vol. 20 : Iss. 1 , Article 1. Available at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/mormonhistory/vol20/iss1/1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Mormon History by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Journal of Mormon History Vol. 20, No. 1, 1994 Table of Contents LETTERS vi ARTICLES PRESIDENTIAL ADDRESS • --Positivism or Subjectivism? Some Reflections on a Mormon Historical Dilemma Marvin S. Hill, 1 TANNER LECTURE • --Mormon and Methodist: Popular Religion in the Crucible of the Free Market Nathan O. Hatch, 24 • --The Windows of Heaven Revisited: The 1899 Tithing Reformation E. Jay Bell, 45 • --Plurality, Patriarchy, and the Priestess: Zina D. H. Young's Nauvoo Marriages Martha Sonntag Bradley and Mary Brown Firmage Woodward, 84 • --Lords of Creation: Polygamy, the Abrahamic Household, and Mormon Patriarchy B. Cannon Hardy, 119 REVIEWS 153 --The Story of the Latter-day Saints by James B. Allen and Glen M. Leonard Richard E. Bennett --Hero or Traitor: A Biographical Story of Charles Wesley Wandell by Marjorie Newton Richard L. Saunders --Mormon Redress Petition: Documents of the 1833-1838 Missouri Conflict edited by Clark V. Johnson Stephen C.
    [Show full text]
  • Journal of Mormon History Vol. 33, No. 2, 2007
    Journal of Mormon History Volume 33 Issue 2 Article 1 2007 Journal of Mormon History Vol. 33, No. 2, 2007 Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/mormonhistory Part of the Religion Commons Recommended Citation (2007) "Journal of Mormon History Vol. 33, No. 2, 2007," Journal of Mormon History: Vol. 33 : Iss. 2 , Article 1. Available at: https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/mormonhistory/vol33/iss2/1 This Full Issue is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at DigitalCommons@USU. It has been accepted for inclusion in Journal of Mormon History by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@USU. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Journal of Mormon History Vol. 33, No. 2, 2007 Table of Contents CONTENTS ARTICLES • --The Reed Smoot Hearings: A Quest for Legitimacy Harvard S. Heath, 1 • --Senator George Sutherland: Reed Smoot’s Defender Michael Harold Paulos, 81 • --Daniel S. Tuttle: Utah’s Pioneer Episcopal Bishop Frederick Quinn, 119 • --Civilizing the Ragged Edge: Jacob Hamblin’s Wives Todd Compton, 155 • --Dr. George B. Sanderson: Nemesis of the Mormon Battalion Sherman L. Fleek, 199 REVIEWS --Peter Crawley, A Descriptive Bibliography of the Mormon Church. Volume Two: 1848–1852 Curt A. Bench, 224 --Sally Denton, Faith and Betrayal: A Pioneer Woman’s Passage in the American West Jeffery Ogden Johnson, 226 --Donald Q. Cannon, Arnold K. Garr, and Bruce A. Van Orden, eds., Regional Studies in Latter-day Saint History: The New England States Shannon P. Flynn, 234 --Wayne L. Cowdrey, Howard A. Davis, and Arthur Vanick, Who Really Wrote the Book of Mormon? The Spalding Enigma Robert D.
    [Show full text]
  • Reed Smoot and the Twentieth-Century Transformation of Mormonism
    Reviews 179 Reed Smoot and the Twentieth-Century Transformation of Mormonism Kathleen Flake, The Politics of American Religious Identity: The Seating of Senator Reed Smoot, Mormon Apostle (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2004), 238 pp. Reviewed fry Robert R. King, Democratic Staff Director, Committee on International Re- lations, U.S. House of Representatives On June 23, 2004, LDS Church President Gordon B. Hinckley was awarded the Medal of Freedom, the highest civilian honor that the United States can bestow, at a White House ceremony presided over by the president of the United States, who described Hinckley as a "wise and patriotic man." The Hinckley honor came just one hundred years after a very different ap- pearance of the LDS Church president in Washington, D.C. On March 2, 1904, President Joseph F. Smith, in response to a subpoena, began a week of testimony before the Senate Committee on Privileges and Elections on the issue of whether Mormon Apostle Reed Smoot should be seated as a member of the Senate from Utah. Smith was questioned by hostile senators about whether a member of the Church leadership or even a member of the Church could truthfully swear alle- giance to the United States and truthfully take the oath to serve as a member of the Senate. If the Smoot controversy had been resolved differently, Hinckley may not have been honored at the White House and the Church over which he presides likely would be a far different institution than it is today. In many regards, the Smoot controversy was the most critical event in the transformation of the LDS Church during the twentieth century.
    [Show full text]
  • Utah's Anti-Polygamy Society, 1878-1884
    Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 1980 Utah's Anti-Polygamy Society, 1878-1884 Barbara Hayward Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the Family, Life Course, and Society Commons, History Commons, and the Mormon Studies Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Hayward, Barbara, "Utah's Anti-Polygamy Society, 1878-1884" (1980). Theses and Dissertations. 4779. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4779 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. UTAHS antipolygamyANTI POLYGAMY SOCIETY 187818841878 1884 A thesis presented to the department of history brigham young university in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree master of arts by barbara hayward april 1980 this thesis by barbara J hayward is accepted intn its present form by the department of history of brigham young university as satisfying the thesis requirement for the degree of master of arts LZ u g3 e E campbell committdej chairmchaiem n A Aftzatz i 0ie S voodwood committee member wl 02 ca date Tteddc&warner beoartment5epartmentdepartment chaichalchairmanrmanaman typed by mary jo F schaub CONTENTS chapter page 1 introduction 1 2 MORMONS AND GENTILES 5 cormonsmormons 5 gentiles 10 anti polygamy measures before 1878 11 3 introduction
    [Show full text]
  • The Memory of Joseph Smith in Vermont
    Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive Theses and Dissertations 2002 American Prophet, New England Town: The Memory of Joseph Smith in Vermont Keith A. Erekson Brigham Young University - Provo Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd Part of the History of Religion Commons, and the Mormon Studies Commons BYU ScholarsArchive Citation Erekson, Keith A., "American Prophet, New England Town: The Memory of Joseph Smith in Vermont" (2002). Theses and Dissertations. 4669. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4669 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. ABSTRACT AMERICAN PROPHET NEW ENGLAND TOWN THE MEMORY OF JOSEPH SMITH IN VERMONT keith A erekson department of history master ofarts in december 1905 a large granite monument was erected at the birthplace of joseph smith on the one hundredth anniversary of his birth this thesis relates the history of the joseph smith memorial monument from its origins through its construction and dedication it also explores its impact on the memory of joseph smith in the local vermont and national context I1 argue that the history of the joseph smith memorial monument in vermont is the story ofthe formation and validation of the memory of joseph smith as an american prophet nineteenth century cormonsmormons remembered a variety of individual
    [Show full text]