Experiences and Lessons from Vanuatu1

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

Experiences and Lessons from Vanuatu1 SPC Traditional Marine Resource Management and Knowledge Information Bulletin #37 – November 2016 35 Sustaining appropriate community-based coastal resources management: Experiences and lessons from Vanuatu1 Graham Nimoho,2* Akiya Seko,3* Mitsuo Iinuma,4 Kazuo Nishiyama5 Introduction between 2006 and 2009, as requested by the govern- ment of Japan, the Japan International Cooperation Coastal communities in Vanuatu depend heavily Agency (JICA) conducted the technical coopera- on marine resources for household subsistence and tion project “Promotion of Grace of the Sea in the cash incomes. However, recent development activi- Coastal Villages in the Republic of Vanuatu (Phase ties and climate change have altered coastal ecosys- I)”. The project focused on the propagation and tems, resulting in a notable decline in coastal marine culture of easily established shellfish together with resources. Thus, in its National Development Plan community awareness building for coastal resource 2006–2015, the Vanuatu government acknowledged management (CRM). On Efate Island, the project the need for the appropriate management and use set up a model for CBCRM. Based on Phase I, the of coastal marine resources. However, personnel Vanuatu government requested the project to estab- and technical and budgetary shortcomings have lish CBCRM and to simultaneously improve com- constrained efforts to improve and disseminate munity livelihoods to ensure their sustainability. community-based coastal marine resource man- agement (CBCRM). As a consequence, the govern- This article is based on Phase II of the project, ment requested technical cooperation from Japan which was conducted from January 2012 to Janu- in providing comprehensive CBCRM. In response, ary 2015, with local activities undertaken between February 2012 and October 2014 in: 1) northwest- URI AND URIPIV ISLANDS ern Efate, at Mangaliliu, Lelepa Island and Moso Northeastern Malakula, Amal Crab-Bay Island; 2) northeastern Malakula, at Amal Crab Bay, Uripiv Island and Uri Island; and 3) south- Uripiv and western Aneityum, at Analcauhat and Mystery Uri Islands Island (Fig. 1). Amal Crab-Bay Torres Islands MALAKULA SOUTH PACIFIC Banks Islands OCEAN 14° S — Espiritu Maewo Santo Ambae Luganville ANEITYUM Malo Pentecost NORTHWESTERN EFATE Analcauhat, Mystery Island 16° S — Mangaliliu, Lelepa Island and Moso Island Malakula Ambrym Epi Shepherd Group VANUATU Efate Moso Port Vila 18° S — Lelepa ANEITYUM Mangaliliu Erromango Coral EFATE Tanna Analcauhat Sea Aneityum 20° S — Mystery Island 166° E 168° E 170° E — — — Figure 1. Location of Grace of the Sea project sites in Vanuatu. 1 This article is dedicated in memory of Chief Mormor Kalotiti, from Magaliliu, a highly influential community leader who passed away on 15 Decem- ber 2015. His leadership, dedication, enthusiasm, and hard work greatly inspired the project, not only in northwest Efate, but in all three project sites. 2 Fisheries Department of Vanuatu. Email: [email protected] 3 IC NET Ltd. Email: [email protected] 4 IC NET Ltd. Email: [email protected] 5 IC NET Ltd. Email: [email protected] * Corresponding authors 36 SPC Traditional Marine Resource Management and Knowledge Information Bulletin #37 – November 2016 The project’s goals were to enhance conservation of Project outputs included inexpensive FADs, data the coastal environment and the sustainable use of collection, locally made shell products, “fish cafés”, coastal resources in the project areas, and dissemi- and study visits. Low-cost, nearshore FADs were nate CBCRM to areas around the project sites. For designed to diversify fishing activities, in an attempt these purposes, the capacity of the Vanuatu Fish- to reduce pressure on vulnerable reef resources. eries Department (VFD), which supports CBCRM, The modernisation of traditional canoes improved had to be strengthened, particularly its ability to fishing efficiency by allowing fishermen to access provide technical support to communities for CRM. offshore deep-bottom reef fish and fish from the To implement the project jointly with VFD, par- nearshore FADs. Fishermen recorded their catches ticipatory resource evaluations and socioeconomic in order to run their own local fish market or to mon- surveys were done in the project areas; the capacity itor the status of target resources. Besides providing of community organisations to make resource man- an additional source of income for women, shell agement plans was either established or enhanced; craft making was linked to tourism development. and trial CRM plans implemented as pilot projects With a certifying “eco-label” attached, products were evaluated and revised, and lessons learned became more attractive to tourists wishing to sup- from resource management activities were shared port community efforts in CRM. The fish cafés ena- with all stakeholders. bled fishermen’s families to generate more income than could be derived from simply selling fish at The project developed three innovative ways to the local market, and thus reduced their reliance on implement CBCRM: a “community-based exten- coastal resources. Communities become motivated sion” approach, a “strengthening of existing to participate in CRM when they observed other organisations and collaboration” approach, and an communities’ work on fisheries management. They “integrated management” approach that focused on were also able to learn from each other and share tourism. The community-based extension approach important experiences during study visits. was used in Aneityum, where a community exten- sion officer was identified by VFD to handle CBCRM Conceptual structure of CBCRM and supporting measures. As the first such case in Vanuatu, it was envisaged that the delegation of Both management rules and their supporting meas- selected government services to communities could ures must be in place to ensure effective and appro- also be feasible elsewhere in the country. Integrated priate CRM. Supporting measures can be classified management was implemented in Malakula, where into those relating to: resource and the environment, young leaders were closely involved in the coop- economy and production, sociocultural factors, erative relationship among the 16 communities and institutions and governance (Fig. 2). The four of the Amal-Crab Bay area. Integrated manage- perspectives of CBCRM and activities under each ment — focusing on tourism development — was perspective are complementary and equally impor- the approach adopted in northwestern Efate, and tant. Because CRM can be realised only if those who was based on shellfish management and a tourism exploit the resources are managed successfully, the development plan. sociocultural perspective sustains the resources and environment, and economy and production To promote integration, fisheries management perspectives. measures were combined with supporting meas- ures that focused not only on alternative income Resources and environment generation, value-adding to fishery products, In order to motivate community members to engage collective marketing, and diversification of fish- in CBCRM and establish coastal resource man- ing effort, but also on the community system agement rules, it is necessary to conduct coastal and organisation strengthening. If such forms of resource surveys, and to collect and analyse fishing integration were not ensured, sustained CBCRM activity data. These must be done together in order would not have been feasible. Particularly impor- to determine the socioeconomic situation of a tar- tant for ensuring sustainable CBCRM were get community. As an initial step, a baseline survey inter-community coordination, managing local should be conducted on the four perspectives for committee clusters, and an “authorisation mecha- CBCRM, followed by selecting the best combina- nism”. Inter-community coordination requires a tion of approaches, and then developing appropri- local CRM committee to coordinate communities, ate action plans for promoting CBCRM. as was done for the 17 communities of Malakula. Diverse small group activities of the committee Economy and production necessitated “cluster management”, such as was To reduce fishing effort on coastal resources and done by the Lelema committee in northwest- compensate for the economic loss resulting from ern Efate, which formed six subcommittees: fish CBCRM activities while financially supporting aggregating device (FAD) management, tourism, CBCRM activities, alternative income-earning craft-making, marine protected area management, opportunities and linkages with the tourism sec- prawn farming, and management planning. tor are necessary. SPC Traditional Marine Resource Management and Knowledge Information Bulletin #37 – November 2016 37 • Awareness raising to preserve • Development of out-of- important species reef sheries using FADs • Recording shing activities • Catch value adding • Restocking of green snail • Shell craft making • Cage culture for clam Resources and Economy and • Stock assessment environment production Awareness building Integration with of importance and tourism industry merit of CBCRM Diversication of sheries Institutions and Sociocultural governance Institutional Motivation of arrangement and community traditional organisation governance • Regislation of system • Participatory planning community driven laws W/S and exchange • Timely arrangment to program of experience support community-based • Motorized sailing canoe activities for cost-eective shing operation Figure 2. The
Recommended publications
  • The Status of the Dugong (Dugon Dugon) in Vanuatu
    ORIGINAL: ENGLISH SOUTH PACIFIC REGIONAL ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMME TOPIC REVIEW No. 37 THE STATUS OF THE DUGONG (DUGON DUGON) IN VANUATU M.R. Chambers, E.Bani and B.E.T. Barker-Hudson O.,;^, /ZO. ^ ll pUG-^Y^ South Pacific Commission Noumea, New Caledonia April 1989 UBHArt/ SOUTH PACIFIC COMMISSION EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This project was carried out to assess the distribution, abundance, cultural importance and threats to the dugong in Vanuatu. The study was carried out by a postal questionnaire survey and an aerial survey, commencing in October 1987. About 600 copies of the questionnaire were circulated in Vanuatu, and about 1000 kilometres of coastline surveyed from the air. Dugongs were reported or seen to occur in nearly 100 localities, including all the major islands and island groups of Vanuatu. The animals were generally reported to occur in small groups; only in three instances were groups of more than 10 animals reported. Most people reported that dugong numbers were either unchanged or were increasing. There was no evidence that dugongs migrate large distances or between islands in the archipelago, although movements may occur along the coasts of islands and between closely associated islands. Dugong hunting was reported from only a few localities, although it is caught in more areas if the chance occurs. Most hunting methods use traditional means, mainly the spear. Overall, hunting mortality is low, even in areas reported to regularly hunt dugongs. Accordingly, the dugong does not seem to be an important component of the subsistence diet in any part of Vanuatu, even though it is killed mainly for food.
    [Show full text]
  • Subject/ Area: Vanuatu at the Speed We Cruise, It Will Take Us More Than
    Subject/ Area: Vanuatu At the speed we cruise, it will take us more than one season to cover Vanuatu! During this past 4 months, we explored the Southern part of Vanuatu: Tanna, Aniwa, Erromango and Efate. The ultimate cruising guide for Vanuatu is the Rocket Guide (nicknamed Tusker guide, from the first sponsor - www.cruising-vanuatu.com). With charts, aerial photos and sailing directions to most anchorages, you will have no problem making landings. We also used Bob Tiews & Thalia Hearns Vanuatu cruising guide and Miz Mae’s Vanuatu guide. Those 3 reference guides and previous letters in the SSCA bulletins will help you planning a great time in Vanuatu! CM 93 electronic charts are slightly off so do not rely blindly on them! At time of writing, 100 vatu (vt) was about $1 US. Tanna: Having an official port of entry, this island was our first landfall, as cruising NW to see the Northern islands will be easier than the other way around! Port Resolution: We arrived in Port Resolution early on Lucky Thursday…lucky because that is the day of the week that the Customs and Immigration officials come the 2 1/2 hour, 4-wheel drive across from Lenakel. We checked in at no extra cost, and avoided the expense of hiring a transport (2000 vatu RT). We met Werry, the caretaker of the Port Resolution “yacht club”, donated a weary Belgian flag for his collection, and found out about the volcano visit, tours, and activities. Stanley, the son of the Chief, is responsible for relations with the yachts, and he is the tour guide or coordinator of the tours that yachties decide to do.
    [Show full text]
  • Enhancing and Fast-Tracking Implementation of Vanuatu's
    VANUATU VANUATU›S ENHANCED NATIONALLY DETERMINED CONTRIBUTIONS (NDC) 2020-2030 Enhancing and Fast-tracking Implementation of Vanuatu’s Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) November 2020 ABOUT UNDP UNDP’s work on climate change spans more than 140 countries and USD $3.7 billion in investments in climate change adaptation and mitigation measures since 2008. With the goal to foster ambitious progress towards resilient, zero-carbon development, UNDP has also supported the implementation of the Paris Agreement on Climate Change by working with countries on achieving their climate commitments or Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs). THE UNDP NDC SUPPORT PROGRAMME The NDC Support Programme provides technical support for countries to pursue a “whole-of-society”, integrated approach that strengthens national systems, facilitates climate action and increases access to finance for transformative sustainable development. The programme helps countries address these financial barriers by deploying a structured approach for scaling up sectoral investments and putting in place a transparent, enabling investment environment. Beyond direct country support, UNDP facilitates exchanges and learning opportunities on NDC implementation at the global and regional level by capitalizing on our close collaboration with the UNFCCC and other strategic partners. The Programme, which works in contribution to the NDC Partnership, is generously supported by the German Federal Minister for the Environment, Nature Conservation, and Nuclear Safety (BMU), the German
    [Show full text]
  • Millennium Development Goals 2010 Report for Vanuatu
    Millennium Development Goals 2010 Report for Vanuatu Prime Minister’s Office - September 2010 Vanuatu Millennium Development Goals Report i Source: VNSO Vanuatu Population Atlas 1999 ii Vanuatu Millennium Development Goals Report Message from the Prime Minister As 2015 draws near it is timely for a close review of our progress made towards achieving the Millennium Development Goals in light of Government priorities for sustainable socio - economic development and the work of our strategic partners in the private sector, civil society organisations and international aid. This is Vanuatu’s second MDG report; the first in 2005 highlighted progress to date, challenges and priorities to address to enhance progress towards achieving the MDGs. It is now time to revisit the analysis and identify bottlenecks constraining progress and how these could be addressed in light of new challenges and unforeseen events like climate change and the global economic crisis. We need to identify key factors that resulted in accelerated progress on specific MDG targets and how these could be translated into other sectors to facilitate positive outcomes. We need to take more notice of sub - national differences and how different provinces are progressing towards achieving the MDGs. We must be proud of our achievements in many areas including a continual and sustained economic growth in the face of a global financial melt - down, education, health, infrastructure and the support and continual commitment pledged by development partners. While we have reason to celebrate these achievements we must maintain our course consistent with our national priorities and objectives as we face the onslaught of many obstacles and challenges, some of which are not of our making.
    [Show full text]
  • Fifth National Report
    FIFTH NATIONAL REPORT Executive Summary Vanuatu is an array of 83 volcanic islands that were formed during the Miocene Era. Her geographical location means that Vanuatu’s biological diversity has developed commonalities with Pacific Island Countries in close proximity such as that of Fiji and Solomon Islands. Vanuatu is fundamentally an agricultural society, where the majority of the population is involved in farm and fishing activities, either for subsistence, livelihood or cash income. The Overarching Productive Sector Policy 2012-2017 also identifies agriculture, forestry and fisheries as priority areas for economic development. In 2013, the Vanuatu National Statistics Office estimated the population of Vanuatu to be 264,000 people, with 75% of the population living in the rural areas. A large portion of the population still depends heavily on the Vanuatu productive sector therefore, the Government has a crucial role to play in defining a policy and institutional framework which both enables and encourages good participation and high performance from all sector stakeholders. The country’s development goals and priorities in the Priorities and Action Agenda (PAA) 2006-2015 identify the productive sector as an engine for investment, economic growth and employment. The sector’s contribution to the overall economic growth has required a strategic commitment by the Government. This is so the Government can support and facilitate an enabling environment for private sector operators. The need to protect and conserve the resources that are critical elements of the productive sector saw Vanuatu commit itself internationally to the Convention on Biological Diversity in the 1992. Since its ratification of this Convention, Vanuatu has made significant progress in ensuring it meets all of its obligations.
    [Show full text]
  • Léopold2016 Evaluating Harvest and Management Strategies for Sea
    Evaluating harvest and management strategies for sea cucumber fisheries in Vanuatu Executive report August 2016 Marc Léopold BICH2MER Project No 4860A1 BICHLAMAR 4 Project No CS14-3007-101 Evaluating harvest and management strategies for sea cucumber fisheries in Vanuatu Marc Léopold August 2016 BICH2MER Project No 4860A1 BICHLAMAR 4 Project No CS14-3007-101 Harvest and management strategies in Vanuatu – Executive report – M. Léopold 2016 / 2 This executive report was produced specifically for consideration by the Department of Fisheries of the Government of Vanuatu following the closure of sea cucumber fisheries on December, 31 st 2015. It contains key findings and advice based the author’s research activities in Vanuatu between 2010 and 2016, relevant scientific literature, most recent catch and export monitoring records and interviews with managers of the Department of Fisheries of Vanuatu, community members, and members of the industry in Vanuatu conducted by the authors in March 2016. FUNDING The project was funded by the Government of New Caledonia, the Northern Province of New Caledonia and the IRD as part of the Memorandum of Understanding No 4860A1 (BICH2MER project) and as part of the contract No CS14-3007-101 between the Department of Fisheries of Vanuatu and the Government of New Caledonia (BICHLAMAR 4 project). ACKNOWLEGMENTS The author would like to thank the fishers, entitlement holders, processors, and managers of the Department of Fisheries of Vanuatu who contributed in a spirit of achieving the best outcomes for the sea cucumber fishery in Vanuatu. Particular thanks to Rocky Kaku and Jayven Ham of the Department of Fisheries of Vanuatu for organizing meetings and providing fishery data.
    [Show full text]
  • Absorber, Adaptar, Transformar Evaluación Final Del Programa De Creación De Resiliencia Centroamérica-Melanesia (Ca-Mel)
    OXFAM AMERICA Informe de evaluación ABSORBER, ADAPTAR, TRANSFORMAR EVALUACIÓN FINAL DEL PROGRAMA DE CREACIÓN DE RESILIENCIA CENTROAMÉRICA-MELANESIA (CA-MEL) Marilise Turnbull y Charlotte L. Sterrett Integrated Risk Management Associates LLC Agosto de 2017 i Como parte de nuestro compromiso con la rendición de cuentas y el aprendizaje, Oxfam compartirá las conclusiones y recomendaciones de las evaluaciones. Internamente, compartiremos con las partes interesadas relevantes, asegurando que tengan la oportunidad de participar de formas significativas en la discusión de los resultados. También publicaremos los informes de evaluación en nuestro sitio web en un lenguaje accesible. Como organización de derechos, la rendición de cuentas, particularmente hacia las comunidades que buscamos servir, es de la más alta importancia para nosotros. Para Oxfam, la rendición de cuentas requiere que Oxfam evalúe de forma regular y honesta la calidad de su trabajo, comparta y aprenda de sus hallazgos con las partes interesadas principales, y aplique ese aprendizaje en el trabajo futuro. Esta es una evaluación del Programa de Creación de Resiliencia Centroamérica-Melanesia (CA-MEL). El programa ha estado operando en El Salvador, Guatemala, Islas Salomón y Vanuatu desde septiembre de 2014, y esta evaluación cubre el trabajo desarrollado desde octubre de 2014 hasta junio de 2017. Las principales actividades de evaluación se llevaron a cabo entre mayo y julio de 2017. La evaluación fue realizada por Marilise Turnbull y Charlotte L. Sterrett de Integrated Risk Management Associates LLC, y refleja los hallazgos según lo reportado por ellas y validado con las partes interesadas. La evaluación fue dirigida por Haroon A. Khan, gerente del Programa CA-MEL de Oxfam America, y encomendado por José Chacón, Gerente de la Unidad de RRD y Resiliencia de Oxfam America Para información adicional con respecto a los Términos de Referencia de la evaluación, por favor ver los anexos del informe.
    [Show full text]
  • Pacific Island Adventures - New Zealand and Vanuatu 2 Islands of Magic, Volcanoes and Glaciers
    Pacific Island Adventures - New Zealand and Vanuatu 2 Islands of magic, volcanoes and glaciers ... Trip Length: 28 days / 27 nights 26 March to 22 April 2018 Maximum 9 guests Included meals marked each day. B = Breakfast, L = Lunch, D = Dinner Join us as we tramp in New Zealand and trek in Vanuatu. Several exciting and invigorating day walks will get you pumping, and stunning sections of two of New Zealand’s ‘Great Walks’ are on the radar. Vanuatu will captivate you as it plays host to multi-day walks on beautiful Malekula and Ambrym islands. We‘ll start on New Zealand’s North Island for an adventure around the Tongariro Circuit, the ‘Ring of Fire’, before hopping down to the South Island for adventures along the Abel Tasman Coastal Track. Then it’s on to Vanuatu to explore some of its eighty-plus remote and rugged islands. There’s overnight hiking to the top of one of the archipelago’s many volcanoes; deserted beaches to comb; the ancient culture of the Melanesian people to absorb, and of course snorkeling along the reefs. This will truly be an adventure in paradise - and the islands are on our doorstep! Day 1. Monday 26 March (9 April) Auckland — Waitomo — Whakapapa (L,D) Hiking 2-3 hours, Easy, 100 m elevation gain, hotel accommodation Our guides collect us from our hotel in the morning and we drive two hours south to Waitomo for a short walk through a lush, forested limestone canyon. After a picnic lunch, we drive to Tongariro National Park where we’ll see the late afternoon light glancing off volcanic peaks as we walk through tussock lands of the Taranaki Falls Loop Trail.
    [Show full text]
  • Destination Vanuatu
    Destination Vanuatu Port Vila Eretoka Island May 5, Port Vila After spending 36 hours staring at the grey walls of airports and airplanes, my first view of Vanuatu brought only one word to mind: paradise. Thats the best word to describe the turquoise water, dazzling sunshine, white sand, and towering palm trees. A Tiny Corner of Paradise Visiting this tiny island country is a dream come true. Vanuatu is a string of islands that stretches out in the South Pacific, between Fiji and Australia. Many of the APPLY STRATEGIES islands are former volcanoes. It has a population of about • Visualize. 200,000. The Ni-Vanuatu (as the people call themselves) • Pause and check. live a very simple, village-based life. It is about as different • Interpret the photographs. from the urban life in Canada as you can find. • Summarize. For a diver like me, Vanuatu is a dream destination because of its remarkable ocean life. I’m here to volunteer as a coral reef monitor. I’ll be part of a group of divers and environmentalists who’ve signed up to collect data about the health of Vanuatu’s coral reefs. Environmental groups and scientists will then be able to help us understand how we can best protect the coral reefs. 14 Reading Recounts by Susan Doyle Malekula Island Epi Island Uri Island Joseph, our Ni-Vanuatu trainer and guide, has been teaching us about coral reefs. I’ve learned that coral reefs... • are one of the planet’s most important ecosystems; along with tropical rainforests, they are the most important source of biological diversity.
    [Show full text]
  • 2016 ANNUAL REPORT Vanuatu Red Cross Society
    2016 ANNUAL REPORT Vanuatu Red Cross Society The fundamental mission of the Vanuatu Red Cross Society is to improve the lives of the most vulnerable without discrimination through voluntary service. 3 CONTENTS Message from the President 6 Message from the CEO 7 The Red Cross Red Crescent Movement 8 About Vanuatu Red Cross Society 10 Board & Governance 11 2016 OPERATIONS 17 Cyclone Pam Recovery 18 Disaster Risk Reduction 22 Water, Sanitation & Hygiene 26 Health 28 Law & Fundamental Principles 29 Gender, Protection & Inclusion 30 Branch Activities 32 Special Events 34 2016 FINANCIALS 37 Contact Us 45 4 MESSAGE FROM THE PRESIDENT This past year has provided an opportunity for Vanuatu Red Cross Society reflect on the remarkable progress we have made in the last few years and to assess where we would like to go from here. As we prepare for the Cyclone Pam recovery operations to come to a close in 2017, we are focusing on our future and how we can continue to work towards our mandate of helping Vanuatu’s most vulnerable. 2016 was a particularly strong year in regards to the relationship between VRCS and the Government of Vanuatu. In our role as auxiliary to the government, we have a commitment to support relevant government departments such as the National Disaster Management Office in the provision of services to the community. During 2016 we dedicated ourselves to ensuring this unique relationship with the government is well understood and defined for both parties. Moving forward, in collaboration with the government, we have the potential to greatly benefit the people of Vanuatu if we continue to work together towards shared goals.
    [Show full text]
  • Marine Ecological Baseline Report for Amal/Crab Bay Tabu Eria, Malekula Island, Vanuatu
    ISSN 1818-5614 Marine ecological baseline report for Amal/Crab Bay Tabu Eria, Malekula Island, Vanuatu By Francis Hickey IWP-Pacific Technical Report (International Waters Project) no. 45 Global United Nations Pacific Regional Environment Development Environment Facility Programme Programme SPREP IRC Cataloguing-in-Publication data Hickey, Francis Marine ecological baseline report for Amal/Crab Bay Tabu Eria, Malekula Island, Vanuatu. / by Francis Hickey. – Apia, Samoa : SPREP, 2007. vi, 133 p. ; 29 cm. - (IWP-Pacific Technical report, ISSN 1818-5614 ; no.45). ISBN: 978-982-04-0368-0 1. Marine protected areas – Vanuatu, Malekula Island. 2. Ecological assessment – Shorelines – Vanuatu, Malekula Island. 3. Coastal ecology – Assessment – Vanuatu, Malekula Island. 4. Community participation – Planning – Policy – Vanuatu, Malekula Island. I. International Waters Project (IWP). II. Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP). III. Title. IV. Series. 333.917 14 This study (originally written in 2005) was funded under the International Waters Project (IWP). The views expressed in this report are not necessarily those of the publisher. Cover design by SPREP's Publication Unit Editing and layout: Mark Smaalders, IWP editorial consultant SPREP PO Box 240, Apia Samoa E: [email protected] T: +685 21 929 F: +685 20 231 Website: www.sprep.org © Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme, 2007 All rights for commercial/for profit reproduction or translation, in any form, reserved. SPREP authorises the partial reproduction of this material for scientific, educational or research purposes, provided that SPREP and the source document are properly acknowledged. Permission to reproduce the document and/or translate in whole, in any form, whether for commercial or non-profit purposes, must be requested in writing.
    [Show full text]
  • The Seaweed Industry in the Pacific Islands
    The seaweed industry in the Pacific islands Dennis J. McHugh A joint study undertaken by ACIAR and the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC) Canberra 2006 © Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research GPO Box 1571, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia McHugh, D.J. 2006. The seaweed industry in the Pacific islands. ACIAR Working Paper No. 61. ISSN 0819-7857 Editing and desktop operations: Clarus Design, Canberra Printing: Elect Printing, Canberra Foreword Pacific island governments and communities are constantly seeking to tap new and established international markets for their farm produce. There is a well-established market for the variety of farmed seaweed from which carrageenan, a high-value colloid used in the food and pharmaceutical industries, is extracted. Several Pacific island countries have attempted seaweed farming. While the results have been variable, they indicate that there is some potential for a viable industry in the region that would contribute to farm incomes and island economies. Experience so far suggests that the main impediments to a successful industry in the region are distances from markets and low outputs of individual countries. The total contribution of the region to world seaweed production is currently very small and variable, and the transport costs to markets very high. There are also problems in the production process that need to be solved. This paper gives the results of a study, jointly undertaken by ACIAR and the Secretariat of the Pacific Community (SPC), that paints a clearer picture of the constraints on seaweed production and marketing by Pacific island countries and the options available for overcoming them.
    [Show full text]