MOUNTAIN PROVINCE DISSEMINATION FORUM October 24, 2019 Venus Parkview Hotel, Baguio City 2018 Expanded National Nutrition Survey

METHODOLOGY Old Survey Design of the NNS Features Description Survey Design One shot (one year) every 5 years Coverage 17 regions, 81 provinces National, Regional, Level of Disaggregation Provincial for some indicators Target Number of Households 60,000 Households and all members of the sampled Target Population households Duration of Data Collection 6.5 Months (one shot) for the reference year Why did we change the design of the NNS?

. Provide Province and HUC Level estimates for local planning of specific and sensitive interventions of our stakeholders

. Provide reliable National Level Estimates annually Why did we change the design of the NNS?

. Adoption of the new Master Sample of the PSA to provide reliable estimations at the Province and HUC Levels Sampling Design of the 2018 ENNS 2013 Master Sample (PSA)

Sampling domains: 2-Stage Cluster Sampling Design 81 provinces st 33 HUCs 1 Stage - PSUs 3 other areas PSU size ranges from (Pateros, Isabela City, Cotabato City) 100 to 400 z households 16 sample replicates are drawn from each domain 2nd stage

Households from 16 replicates (1,536)

Icons used were retrieved from http://www.flaticon.com PSA Board Resolution No. 06 Approving and Adopting the Survey Design of the Expanded National Nutrition Survey What is the Survey Design of the 2018 NNS?

40 Provinces & ROLLING HUCs for 2018 40 Provinces & for HUCs for 2019 SURVEY 37 Provinces & 3YEARS HUCs for 2020 Target coverage per sampling domain is 1,536 households How did we select the provinces and HUCs to be included in the 2018 ENNS?

Grouping of provinces and HUCs with similar characteristics into replicates

A replicate has at least 5 Test variables provinces and HUCs Number of persons Number of birth registered Number of OFWs 2010 Census of Number of WRA Population and Housing Number of infants Number of children below 5

Number of disabled members Replicated Replicated Sampling Formation of replicates Provinces and HUCs covered in the 2018 ENNS

Cagayan Valley Capiz Maguindanao Isabela City

Isabela Eastern Samar Butuan City Davao City

Nueva Vizcaya Tacloban City Quezon City Davao Occidental

Olongapo City Mandaue City City of Manila Sultan Kudarat

Zambales Siquijor City of Caloocan Baguio City

Bulacan Western Samar City of San Juan Mountain Province

Sorsogon Northern Samar City of Las Piñas Abra

Aklan Iloilo Province City of Makati Oriental Mindoro

Laguna Iloilo City City of Mandaluyong Cagayan De Oro City City of Taguig Camarines Norte Zamboanga Del Norte Camiguin Level Eligible Response Response Rate (%)

Household 52,285 45,957 87.9

Individuals 196,332 159,926 81.5 Households Individual Province Eligible Response Response Eligible Response Response Rate (%) Rate (%)

Mountain 1,309 1,201 91.7 4,808 4,042 84.1 Province 2018 Expanded National Nutrition Survey

Sociodemographic and Socioeconomic Profiles of Households and Its Individual Members Socioeconomic Status

• refers to the social standing or class of an individual or group. It is often measured as a combination of education, income and occupation.

Adapted from APA’s Socioeconomic Status Office publications Operational Definition Wealth Index • The wealth index is a composite measure of a household's cumulative living standard. The wealth index is calculated by principal component analysis using data on household’s ownership of selected assets, materials used for housing construction and types of water access and sanitation facilities. Wealth Index • The wealth index categorizes the households into 5 wealth quintiles, allowing us to assess how the common health and nutrition indicators differ between the poor and non-poor households. • For the provincial and HUCs estimates, wealth status is classified as poor for the bottom 30% of the income group and the non-poor for the upper 30%. Operational Definition Highest Educational Attainment* • refers to the highest grade/year of formal schooling completed by each member of the household and not the total years attended • Regrouped into: a) none - no grade completed b) elementary level - the stage of formal education concerned with providing the first six years of basic education. c) secondary level** - the stage of formal education following the elementary level concerned primarily with continuing basic education and expanding it to include the learning of employable gainful skills, usually corresponding to four years of high school d) college level*** - the stage of formal education following the secondary education, covering the programs on all courses of study leading to a bachelor degree. e) others - Alternative Learning System, SPED , Arabic Schooling

* Phil. Standard Classification of Education (PSCEd) ** including Post-Secondary Non-Tertiary and Short- Cycle Tertiary Education or Equivalent *** including Master and Doctoral Level Education or Equivalent Operational Definition Occupation • refers to the type of work a person does to earn his living with work/business only in the past 6 months.

• 2012 Philippine Standard Occupational Codes (PSOC) is a statistical classification of the different occupational groups of the working population, including the military work force in the country Sociodemographic Profile • Describes the population groups by: a) age - refers to the exact age of each household member as of his/her last birthday b) sex – categorized the household members of the households as males and females c) civil status – or marital status Operational Definitions Civil status - status of an individual in relation to marriage and classified as: a) single - a person who has never been married b) married - a person who has been united in matrimony with another person of opposite sex through a religious or civil rites. c) separated - a person whose partner has left permanently, with or without legal sanctions. d) widowed - a person who has been married before, whether formally or consensually but his/her partner has died and has not remarried at the time of visit. e) common law/live-in – those who live together consensually with another as husband or wife Operational Definitions

Household

• an aggregate of persons, generally but not necessarily bound by ties of kinship, who sleep in the same housing unit and have a common arrangement for the preparation and consumption of food. Operational Definitions Household head • person who generally provides the chief source of income for the household unit • adult person, male or female, who is responsible for the organization and care of the household or who is regarded as such by the members of the household Mt. Province Profile of Households Household Size Sex of Household Members

Mean 4.6

5 members and below 66.7%

Male Female More than 5 33.3% members 47.8% 52.2% Population Groups

Age groups n (%) Women of Reproductive Age 0-23 months 153 3.9 n (%)

24-71 months 383 10.0 38 4.9

72-120 months 496 11.5 111 13.7 >10-19 years 869 20.6

20-59 years 1,652 42.9 681 81.4

60 years and over 489 11.2 Profile of Household Heads Sex Civil Status 100

80 68.8

Male Female 20 15.6 7.0 79.6% 20.4% 3.7 4.9 0 Separated Common Single Widowed Married Law/Live-in Farmers, Forestry workers, Fishermen 57.3 Laborers and unskilled workers 15.3 Craft and related traders workers 9.3 Occupation Plant and machine operators 6.4 Service Workers 4.0 Officials of the gov't, Corporate executives, managers, supervisors 3.0 Professionals 2.0 Technicians and associate prof 1.2 Clerks 0.8 Special Occupations 0.7 Not classified elsewhere 0.1 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70

70.0 60.0 Educational 50.0 40.3 36.1 40.0 Attainment 30.0 15.3 20.0 7.8 10.0 0.5 0.0 No education Elementary level At Least At Least Others Secondary Level* College Level**

* including Post-Secondary Non-Tertiary and Short- Cycle Tertiary Education or Equivalent ** including Master and Doctoral Level Education or Equivalent

FOOD SECURITY

“exists when all people, at all times, have physical and economic access to sufficient, safe and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life”. (World Food Summit, 1996) FOOD INSECURITY

“limited or uncertain availability of nutritionally adequate and safe foods or limited or uncertain ability to acquire acceptable foods in socially acceptable ways” (Institute of Nutrition, 1990) When recurrent leads to hunger and hunger when prolonged results to malnutrition METHODOLOGY Questionnaire  Household Food Insecurity Access Scale (HFIAS)

 nine-item questionnaire  based on the respondent’s perception over food situations, resources or supply  self-reported experience in the past month HOUSEHOLD FOOD INSECURITY ACCESS SCALE (HFIAS) Percentage of households by food security status: Philippines, 2015 vs. 2018 Percentage of food insecure households : 66.1% vs. 53.9%

100 2015 2018 80

60 46.1 33.9 40 31.9 28.8 21.9 12.3 12.3 12.8

Percentage 20 0 Food Secure* Mildly Food Moderately Food Severely Food * Insecure Insecure Insecure

* Significantly different at 5% level of significance Percentage of households by food insecurity items: Philippines, 2018 Percentage of food insecure households = 53.9%

Worried about food 50.3 49.7 Yes No Unable to eat preferred food 47.5 52.5 Ate just a few kinds of food 43.2 56.8 Ate food they really do not want to eat 37.8 62.2 Ate a smaller meal 33.8 66.2 Ate a fewer meals in a day 19.1 80.9 Had no food of any kind in the household 7.7 92.3 Experienced going to sleep hungry 7.3 92.7 Experienced going a whole day and night without eating 3.3 96.7

0 10 20 30 40 50 % 60 70 80 90 100 Percentage of households by food security status by wealth status, household size and sex of household head: Philippines, 2018

Food Secure Food Insecure 100 82.0 84.1 80 62.1 55.7 60 53.9 49.6 50.4 51.8 46.1 44.3 48.2 37.9 40

Percentage 18.0 20 15.9

0 PHILIPPINES Wealth Quintile Wealth Quintile 1-5 members More than 5 Male Female (Bottom 20%) (Upper 80%) members Wealth Status Household Size Sex of Household Head Food Security Status Mt. Province, 2018 Percentage of households by food security status: Mt. Province, 2018

100 100 Philippines Mt. Province 80 80 59.4* 60 46.1 60 % 40 28.8 % 40 21.4* 12.3 12.8 20 20 12.1 7.1* 0 0 Food Secure Mildly Food Moderately Severely Food Food Secure Mildly Food Moderately Severely Food Insecure Food Insecure Insecure Insecure Food Insecure Insecure

90% Confidence Interval 90% Confidence Interval LL 44.1 11.7 27.1 11.2 LL 56.4 10.0 19.3 5.7 UL 48.0 12.9 30.5 14.4 UL 62.5 14.2 23.5 8.4 * p<0.10 Percentage of households by food insecurity items: Mt. Province, 2018 Percentage of food insecure households = 40.6%

Worried about food 32.8 67.2 Yes No Unable to eat preferred food 34.4 65.6 Ate just a few kinds of food 28.9 71.1 Ate food they really do not want to eat 25.6 74.4 Ate a smaller meal 20.1 79.9 Ate a fewer meals in a day 6.3 93.7 Had no food of any kind in the household 4.7 95.3 Experienced going to sleep hungry 3.3 96.7 Experienced going a whole day and night without eating 1.6 98.4 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 % Percentage of households by food security status by wealth status, household size and sex of household head: Mt. Province, 2018 Food Secure Food Insecure 100

80 64.8 67.7 59.4 61.8 57.3 60 52.3 53.9 47.7 46.1 40.6 38.2 42.7 40 35.2 32.3

Percentage 20

0 Mt. Province Poor* Non-poor 1-5 members More than 5 Male* Female members Wealth Status Household Size Sex of Household Head

* p<0.10 Summary

Mt. Province

Food insecurity is higher among households:

Poorer Households (bottom 30%)

Male headed households Nutritional Status of Filipino Preschool-Age Children in Mountain Province

Prevalence of malnutrition among children under five (0-59 months) in the Philippines and Mountain Province: ENNS, 2018 Philippines Mountain Province 50 50 40 40 34.9 30.3 30 30 19.1 20 20 12.5 10 5.6 (%) Prevalence 10 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 4.0 4.3 3.2 0 0 Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight-for-Height Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight-for-Height 90% CI Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight- 90% Underweight* Stunting Wasting Overweight- for-Height CI for-Height Lower 17.7 28.2 5.2 3.6 Lower 9.3 31.4 2.4 1.5 Limit Limit Upper 20.5 32.4 6.1 4.3 Upper 15.6 38.5 6.2 4.9 Limit Limit * significantly different at 10% level of significance Prevalence of malnutrition among children under five (0-59 months) by sex and wealth status: Mountain Province ENNS, 2018

60 Underweight 60 Stunting 50 50 42.5 40 40 34.9 36.4 32.9 31.2 30 30 17.3 20 13.7 12.5 11.4 10.5 20 10

Prevalence (%) Prevalence 10 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 0 0 All Male Female Poor Non- All Male Female Poor Non- Poor Poor Prevalence of malnutrition among children under five (0-59 months) by sex and wealth status: Mountain Province ENNS, 2018

20 Wasting 20 Overweight-for-Height

10 8.2 10

4.3 4.3 4.5 4.1 3.2 3.5

2.4 2.0 2.5

Prevalence (%) Prevalence Prevalence (%) Prevalence

0 0 All Male Female Poor Non- All Male Female Poor Non- Poor Poor in preschool-age children Prevalence of anemia among preschool-age children 6 mos to 5 years old (6-71 months) in Mountain Province: ENNS, 2018

20 14.3

10 7.3

6.2 5.5 Prevalence (%) Prevalence

0 90% CI PhilippinesPhilippines MountainMountain Province* MaleMale FemaleFemale Province Lower 12.8 2.6 0.8 2.5 Limit Upper 15.9 9.8 10.2 12.1 Limit * significantly different at 10% level of significance PREVALENCE OF IDD AND VAD • Urinary iodine excretion and the determination of IDD is not covered among preschool-age children.

• Serum retinol and the determination of Vitamin A deficiency (VAD) is in-progress. Infant and Young Child Feeding Practices Breastfeeding Practices Proportion of infants 0-23 months old, by breastfeeding practices

100 Philippines 100 Mountain Province 78.1 76.7 80 69.2 80 60 54.9 50.6 60 54.9 42.8

40 33.1 40 Proportions (%) Proportions

20 (%) Proportions 20

0 0 Timely Exclusive Continued Continued Timely Exclusive * Continued Continued breastfeeding breastfeeding breastfeeding breastfeeding breastfeeding breastfeeding breastfeeding breastfeeding initiation at 1 year at 2 years initiation at 1 year at 2 years

90% CI 90% CI

Lower Limit 65.2 51.2 45.4 29.3 Lower Limit 71.6 60.5 31.2 22.7 Upper Limit 73.1 58.5 55.9 37.0 Upper Limit 84.7 93.0 78.5 63.0 * significantly different at 10% level of significance Complementary Feeding Practices MINIMUM DIETARY DIVERSITY

Proportion of children 6-23 months of age Minimum Dietary who receive foods from 4 or more food Diversity: groups (DDS > 4) of the following 7 food groups:

1. Grains, roots and tubers 3. Legumes and Nuts 6. Vitamin A rich fruits & vegetables

5. Eggs 7. Other fruits & vegetables 2. Dairy Products 4. Flesh Meat Minimum Meal Frequency

Proportion of breastfed and non-breastfed Minimum children 6-23 months who received solid, Meal semi-solid, or soft foods consumed at the Frequency: minimum number of times per day

Defined as: 2x for breastfed infants 6-8 months old 3x for breastfed children 9-23 months old 4x for non-breastfed children 6-23 months old Minimum Acceptable Diet

Proportion of children 6-23 months Minimum meeting both the minimum dietary diversity Acceptable and the minimum meal frequency to Diet: ensure both dietary and nutrient adequacy. Proportion of children 6-23 months, by complementary feeding practices Mountain Province 100 89.0 Philippines 100 91.8

80 80

60 60

40 40 23.0

Proportions (%) Proportions 20.1 Proportions (%) Proportions 20 13.4 20 15.0

0 0 Minimum Dietary Minimum Meal Minimum Minimum Minimum Meal Minimum Diversity Frequency Acceptable Diet Dietary Diversity Frequency Acceptable Diet 90% CI 90% CI Lower Limit 21.1 87.6 12.4 Lower Limit 12.4 87.9 8.1 Upper Limit 24.9 90.4 14.4 Upper Limit 27.7 95.7 21.9 Nutritional Status of Filipino School-Age Children Prevalence of malnutrition among school-age children (5 to 10 years old) in the Philippines and Mountain Province: ENNS 2018 Philippines Mountain Province 50 50 40 40 30 24.9 24.6 30 23.8 20 20 13.3 7.6 11.6 11.8

10 10 1.2 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 0 (%) Prevalence 0 Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight & Obese Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight & Obese 90% Underweight Stunting Wasting Overweight & 90% Underweight* Stunting Wasting* Overweight & CI Obese CI Obese Lower 23.1 22.8 7.2 10.4 Lower 9.2 21.3 0.3 10.6 Limit Limit Upper 26.8 26.5 7.9 12.9 Upper 14.4 26.3 2.1 16.0 Limit Limit * significantly different at 10% level of significance Prevalence of malnutrition among school-age children (5 to 10 years old) by sex and wealth status: Mountain Province ENNS, 2018

50 Underweight 50 Stunting

40 40 28.3 30 30 24.9 23.8 22.8 21.7 20 14.1 20 11.8 11.8 11.8 10.7

10 10

Prevalence (%) Prevalence Prevalence (%) Prevalence 0 0 All Male Female Poor Non- All Male Female Poor Non- Poor Poor Prevalence of malnutrition among school-age children (5 to 10 years old) by sex and wealth status: Mountain Province ENNS, 2018

30 Wasting 30 Overweight & Obesity

20 20 15.6 14.8 13.3 10.9

10 10 8.5 Prevalence (%) Prevalence Prevalence (%) Prevalence 1.2 1.1 1.2 1.4 1.0 0 0 All Male Female Poor Non- All Male Female Poor Non- Poor Poor in school-age children Prevalence of anemia among school-age children (6 to 12 years old) in Mountain Province: ENNS, 2018

20 13.5

Prevalence (%) Prevalence 2.3 1.2 0.4 0 Philippines Mountain Province Male Female 90% Philippines Mountain * Male Female CI Province Lower 11.8 -0.2 -0.3 -0.3 Limit Upper 15.2 2.5 1.1 4.8 Limit * significantly different at 10% level of significance Iodine Status among School-age children Median UIEº and Percent UIE below 50μg/L among school-age children (6 to 12 years old) in Mountain Province: ENNS, 2018 300 20 18.7 17.2 250 15.6

200 180 11.5 150 117 10 Median 100

50 (%) Percentage

0 0 Philippines Western Male Female 90% CI PhilippinesPhilippines MountainMountain Province Province* 90% CI Philippines Mountain Male Female SamarProvince Lower 177.6 101.3 Lower 10.3 12.4 13.4 9.5 Limit Limit Upper 183.2 133.4 Upper 12.7 22.0 24.0 21.7 Limit Limit

* significantly different at 10% level of significance ⁰Iodine Intake <100 μg/L – Insufficient 100-199 μg/L – Adequate 200-299 μg/L – More than Adequate 300 μg/L and up - Excessive Nutritional Status of Filipino Adolescents Mt. Province Nutritional Status of Adolescents, >10 to 19 years old: Philippines and Mt. Province, 2018 50 PHILIPPINES 50 MT. PROVINCE

40 40

30 26.3 30 26.3

20 20

14.0 Prevalence (%) Prevalence Prevalence (%) Prevalence 11.3 11.6 10 10 1.3 0 0 Stunting Wasting Overweight and Stunting Wasting* Overweight and Obese Obese

90% LL 24.7 10.5 10.7 90% LL 23.6 0.7 11.7 CI CI UL 28.0 12.1 12.5 UL 29.1 2.0 16.3

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Prevalence of Stunting among Adolescents, >10 to 19 years old by sex and wealth status: Mt. Province, 2018

30.9 30 26.3 26.8 25.7 25.8

20 Prevalence (%) Prevalence

0 All Male Female Poor Non Poor Prevalence of Wasting among Adolescents, >10 to 19 years old by sex and wealth status: Mt. Province, 2018

2.9 Prevalence (%) Prevalence

2 1.7 1.3 1.0 1.2

0 All Male Female Poor Non Poor Prevalence of Overweight and Obese among Adolescents, >10 to 19 years old by sex and wealth status: Mt. Province, 2018

50.0

40.0

30.0

20.0 17.1 15.3

Prevalence (%) Prevalence 14.0 10.7 9.4 10.0

0.0 All Male* Female Poor Non Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance OPERATIONAL DEFINITION PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

Insufficiently Physically Active

- Doing less than 60 minutes of moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity per day

Reference: World Health Organization (2015) Global Reference List of 100 Care Health Indicators. Geneva 27, Switzerland Proportion of insufficiently physically active adolescents >10 to 19 years old: Philippines and Mt. Province, 2018

100

80 76.3 73.3

40 Prevalence (%) Prevalence

0 Philippines Mt. Province

90% LL 74.8 69.5 CI UL 77.7 77.1 Proportion of insufficiently physically active adolescents >10 to 19 years old by sex and wealth status: Mt. Province, 2018

100

77.5 80 73.3 76.3 69.0 65.7

40 Prevalence (%) Prevalence

0 All Male Female Poor Non Poor Smoking Status of Filipino Adolescents OPERATIONAL DEFINITION SMOKING

CURRENT SMOKERS

– those who smoked during the survey either on a “daily” basis (at least one cigarette a day) or on a regular/occasional basis

• Occasional smokers are those who do not smoke daily but who smoke at least weekly and

• those who smoke less often than weekly

Reference: World Health Organization Proportion of current smokers among adolescents, >10 to 19 years old: Philippines and Mt. Province, 2018

10.0

8.0

6.0

4.0 4.0

2.9 Prevalence (%) Prevalence

2.0

0.0 Philippines Mt. Province*

90% LL 3.7 2.2 CI UL 4.4 3.6

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Proportion of current smokers among adolescents, >10 to 19 years old by sex and wealth status: Mt. Province, 2018

6 4.8

2.9 3.1 2.9 Prevalence (%) Prevalence

2 0.8

0 All Male* Female Poor Non Poor

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Drinking Status of Filipino Adolescents OPERATIONAL DEFINITION DRINKING

CURRENT DRINKERS

– those who consumed one or more drinks of any type of alcohol in the year preceding the survey

Reference: World Health Organization Proportion of current drinkers among adolescents, >10 to 19 years old: Philippines and Mt. Province, 2018

20 16.8 16.0 Prevalence (%) Prevalence

0 Philippines Mt. Province

90% LL 15.2 13.7 CI UL 18.4 18.2 Prevalence of anemia among adolescents, >13 to 19 years old: Philippines and Mt. Province, 2018 10 8.1 8

4 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 2 0.6

0 Philippines Mt. Province* LL 7.4 0.0 90% UL 8.8 1.4 CI Significance Mild Low

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Prevalence of anemia among adolescents, >13 to 19 years old by sex: Mt. Province, 2018 10

4 Prevalence (%) Prevalence

2 1.1 0.6 0 0 All Male Female Nutrition Situation of Women of Reproductive Age in Mountain Province

Prevalence of chronic energy deficiency (CED), overweight and obesity among non- pregnant/non-lactating women of reproductive age, 15-49 years old, 2018 PHILIPPINES MOUNTAIN PROVINCE

CED Overweight and Obese CED Overweight and Obese 50 50 43.1 40 35.3 40 30 30 20 20

10 7.8 10 Prevalence (%) Prevalence Prevalence (%) Prevalence 1.5 0 0

90% CI CED Overweight and Obese 90% CI CED* Overweight and Obese* Lower Limit 7.3 33.7 Lower Limit 0.8 39.4 Upper Limit 8.3 36.9 Upper Limit 2.2 46.9

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

Proportion of nutritionally-at-risk pregnant women: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018 50

(%) 40 30 20.1 20 10 0.0

0 Proportion Proportion Philippines Mountain Province

90% CI LL 17.5 - UL 22.8 -

Prevalence of chronic energy deficiency (CED), overweight and obesity among lactating mothers, 2018 PHILIPPINES MOUNTAIN PROVINCE

CED Overweight and Obese CED Overweight and Obese 48.8 50 50 40 40 28.5 30 30 20 11.0 20

10 10 5.3

Prevalence (%) Prevalence (%) Prevalence 0 0

90% CI CED Overweight and Obese 90% CI CED* Overweight and Obese* Lower Limit 9.5 26.1 Lower Limit 1.9 39.1 Upper Limit 12.5 30.9 Upper Limit 8.8 58.4

* significantly different at 10% level of significance 11/03/2020 Prevalence of anemia among lactating mothers and non- pregnant/non-lactating women of reproductive age, 15-49 years old: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

Non- Preg/Lact Lactating 50 40 30 20 11.6 14.4 10 4.9 1.7

Prevalence (%) Prevalence 0 Philippines Mountain Province

90% CI NPNL Lactating 90% CI NPNL* Lactating* Lower Limit 11.0 12.5 Lower Limit 2.9 0.0 Upper Limit 12.3 16.3 Upper Limit 6.9 4.6

* significantly different at 10% level of significance

11/03/2020 ºMedian UIE and Percent UIE below 50ug/L among non- pregnant/non-lactating women of reproductive age, 15-49 years old: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

250 50 40 200 170 30 150 133 19.0 20

Median 11.3

100 10 Percentage (%) Percentage 50 0 Philippines Mountain Province* Philippines Mountain Province*

90% LL 167.9 121.0 90% LL 10.7 15.2 CI CI UL 172.1 144.4 UL 12.0 22.7

ºIodine Intake based on median UIE * significantly different at 10% level of significance <100 ug/L – Insufficient 100-199 ug/L – Adequate 200-299 ug/L – More than Adequate 300 ug/L and up - Excessive ºMedian UIE and Percent UIE below 50ug/L among lactating mothers of reproductive age, 15-49 years old: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

250 50 200 40 34.2 30 150 21.2

103 20 Median

100 71 10 Percentage (%) Percentage 50 0 Philippines Mountain Province* Philippines Mountain Province

90% LL 98.5 59.3 90% LL 19.7 21.8 CI CI UL 106.5 83.6 UL 22.8 46.5

ºIodine Intake based on median UIE * significantly different at 10% level of significance <100 ug/L – Insufficient 100-199 ug/L – Adequate 200-299 ug/L – More than Adequate 300 ug/L and up - Excessive Health and Nutritional Status of Filipino Adults Mountain Province Trends in the Prevalence of Chronic Energy Deficiency and Overweight and Obesity among Adults, 20 years old and above: Philippines, 1993-2018 50

40 37.2 31.1 31.1 26.6 28.4 30 24.0 20.2

20 16.6 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 10 13.9 13.2 12.3 11.6 10.0 10.0 10.3 8.0 0

Based on the WHO Body Mass Index (BMI) cut-off points Nutritional Status° of ADULTS, 20-59 years old: Philippines, 2015 and 2018

50 2015 2018 40 28.8 30 24.7 20 9.0 9.6 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 10 6.9 7.2

0 Chronic Energy Overweight* Obese * Deficient * * significantly different at 5% level of significance

° Based on the WHO Body Mass Index (BMI) cut-off points Nutritional Status of Adults, 20 to 59 years old: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

50 PHILIPPINES 50 MOUNTAIN PROVINCE 40 40 34.8 28.8 30 30 20 20 9.6 8.7

10 6.9 10 Prevalence (%) Prevalence

Prevalence (%) Prevalence 2.2 0 0 Chronic Energy Overweight Obese Chronic Energy Overweight* Obese Deficient Deficient *

90% LL 6.6 28.4 9.3 90% LL 1.5 31.8 7.2 CI UL 7.1 29.2 9.9 CI UL 2.9 37.8 10.1

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Chronic Energy Deficiency among Adults, 20-59 years old, by age group, sex, and wealth status: Mountain Province, 2018

20 20 25

20 15 15

15 10 10

10 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 5 3.5 5 3.8 2.2 2.8 2.4 2.1 5 1.2 1.5 1.7 0 0 0 ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male Female Poor Non-Poor Overweight among Adults, 20-59 years old, by age group, sex, and wealth status: Mountain Province, 2018

50 50 50

40.3 38.7 40 37.3 40 38.1 34.8 36.3 40 31.2 30 25.6 30 30 25.8

20 20 20 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 10 10 10

0 0 0 ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male Female Poor Non-Poor *

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Obesity among Adults, 20-59 years old, by age group, sex, and wealth status: Mountain Province, 2018

50 50 50

40 40 40

30 30 30

20 20 20

Prevalence (%) Prevalence 11.1 11.6 11.9 8.7 9.9 10 8.0 10 10 4.5 5.5 5.0

0 0 0 ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male Female * Poor Non-Poor * * significantly different at 10% level of significance Trends in the Prevalence of High Waist Circumference (WC)° among Adults, 20 years old and above: Philippines, 2003-2018 40 Male Female 30 23.1 23.5 19.0 19.9 18.5 20 17.0

Prevalence (%) Prevalence 2.4 3.1 3.2 3.8 3.0 3.9 0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

° High WC is ≥102 cm (>40in) for males or ≥88 cm (>34in) for females Trends in the Prevalence of High Waist-Hip Ratio (WHR)° among Adults, 20 years old and above: Philippines, 2003-2018 Male Female 80 65.5 62.5 63.2 63.7 57.9 60 54.8 *

Prevalence (%) Prevalence 20 12.1 11.1 6.9 8.0 7.1 8.3

0 * 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

° High WHR is ≥1.00 for males or ≥0.85 for females Prevalence of High Waist Circumference and High Waist-Hip Ratio among Adults, 20 to 59 years old: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

100 PHILIPPINES 100 MOUNTAIN PROVINCE 80 80

60 60 36.1 40 35.3 40

13.5 20 11.5

20 (%) Prevalence Prevalence (%) Prevalence

0 0 High Waist High Waist-Hip High Waist High Waist-Hip Circumference Ratio Circumference* Ratio 90% LL 13.2 34.9 90% LL 10.5 34.6 CI UL 13.8 35.7 CI UL 12.4 37.6

* significantly different at 10% level of significance High Waist Circumference among Adults, 20-59 years old, by age group, sex, and wealth status: Mountain Province, 2018

40 40 40 35 35 35 30 30 30 25 25 22.0 25 20 17.9 20 20 14.3 15 11.5 15 15 12.1

Prevalence (%) Prevalence 9.8 10 10 10 8.6 4.1 5 5 1.2 5 0 0 0 ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male Female * Poor Non-Poor * * significantly different at 10% level of significance Prevalence of Anemia among Adults°, 20-59 years old, by sex, place of residence, and wealth status: Philippines, 2018 15 15 12.7 2013 2018 11.2 9.3 10 9.0 10 8.3 7.6 6.0 5.2

5 5 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 2013 2018 (%) Prevalence 0 0 ALL Male Female Rural Urban

10 9.0 8.6 8.5 8.2 7.1

5 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 0 ° excluding pregnant Poorest Poor Middle Rich Richest or lactating women Prevalence of Anemia among Adults°, 20-59 years old: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

20 PHILIPPINES 20 MOUNTAIN PROVINCE

15 15

10 8.3 10 5.5 4.0

5 (%) Prevalence 5 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 2.6

0 0 Anemia Anemia * Male Female

90% LL 7.7 LL 2.7 90% CI * significantly different at 10% level of significance CI UL 9.0 UL 5.4

° excluding pregnant or lactating women Trend in the Prevalence of Elevated Blood Pressure° among Adults, 20 years old and above: Philippines, 1993-2018

30 25.3 23.9 25 22.0 22.5 21.0 22.3 19.2 20

Prevalence Prevalence (%) 10 ° Based on a single-visit blood pressure measurement, 5 systolic blood pressure of 140 mmHg or higher and/or a diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher (JNC VII, 2004) 0 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Elevated Blood Pressure among ADULTS, 20-59 years old, by age group and sex: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018

50 50 2015 2018 2015 2018 40 36.3 40 28.3 30.0 30 30 25.3 20.8 22.2 20.2 20 16.0 16.7 20 16.9 11.7 12.7

Prevalence (%) Prevalence 9.1 10 5.5 (%) Prevalence 10 2015 2018 0 0 ALL* 20-29 y * 30-39 y * 40-49 y * 50-59 y * Male * Female * * significantly different at 5% level of significance Prevalence of Elevated Blood Pressure among Adults, 20 to 59 years old: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

20 18.0 16.0 15

5 Prevalence (%) Prevalence

0 Philippines Mountain Province LL 15.6 15.7 90% CI UL 16.4 20.4 Elevated Blood Pressure among Adults, 20-59 years old, by age group, sex, and wealth status: Mountain Province, 2018

40 40 40 35 30.7 35 35 30 30 30 25 22.4 25 22.4 25 20 18.0 20 20 17.1 18.6 14.3 14.0

15 15 15 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 10 7.8 10 10 5 5 5 0 0 0 ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male* Female Poor Non-poor * significantly different at 10% level of significance Trend in the Prevalence of High Fasting Blood Sugar among Adults, 20 years old and above: Philippines, 2003-2018 10 High FBS: ≥126 mg/dL 8.2 8 Impaired blood sugar: 110-125 mg/dL 5.6 7.9 6 4.8

4 3.4

4.3 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 2 2.7

0 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 High Fasting Blood Sugar among ADULTS, 20-59 years old, by age group and sex: Philippines, 2013 vs 2018

20 20 2013 2018 2013 2018 15 12.9 15 10.6 10 8.6 10 6.7 6.3 6.8 6.6 4.7 4.7 5.1 4.3

5 3.2 5 Prevalence (%) Prevalence Prevalence (%) Prevalence 1.0 1.6 2013 2018 0 0 ALL* 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male * Female * * significantly different at 5% level of significance Prevalence of High Fasting Blood Sugar among Adults, 20 to 59 years old: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

10 6.7

5 3.9 Prevalence (%) Prevalence

0 Philippines Mountain Province* LL 6.2 1.9 90% CI UL 7.2 5.9

* significantly different at 10% level of significance High Fasting Blood Sugar among Adults, 20-59 years old, by age group and sex: Mountain Province, 2018

20 20

15 15

10 10

7.4 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 5 3.9 3.6 5 4.1 3.7 2.4 2.4

0 0 ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male Female Smoking Status

Current Smokers are those who either smoke on a “daily” basis (at least one cigarette a day) or on a regular/occasional basis (at least weekly or less often than weekly)

World Health Organization. (2008). WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual. Current Smoking° among Adults, 20 years old and above: Philippines, 1998-2018 40 34.8 32.7 31.0 25.4 30 23.3 20.7 20

10 Proportion (%) Proportion

° Are those who either smoke on a “daily” basis (at least one cigarette a day) or on a regular/occasional basis (at least weekly or less often than weekly) - World Health Organization. (2008). WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual. Current Smoking among ADULTS, 20-59 years old, by age group, sex, and place of residence: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018

60 2015 2018 60 2015 2018

50 50 44.5 41.3 40 40

30 24.0 25.0 23.9 23.4 23.6 30 21.5 22.0 22.5 20.3 20.9

20 20 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 10 (%) Prevalence 10 6.3 5.8 2015 2018 0 0 ALL * 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male * Female * significantly different at 5% level of significance Proportion of Current Smokers among Adults, 20 to 59 years old: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

30 25 21.5 20 15 10.8

10 Proportion (%) Proportion 5 0 Philippines Mountain Province * LL 20.7 9.6 90% CI UL 22.4 12.0

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Current Smoking among Adults, 20-59 years old, by age group, sex, and wealth status: Mountain Province, 2018

50 50 50

40 40 40

30 30 30 21.9 20 20 20 13.4 10.9 10.8 8.7 10.7 10.5 10.4 Proportion (%) Proportion 10 10 10 1.6 0 0 0 ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male* Female Poor Non-Poor * significantly different at 10% level of significance Smokeless Smoking Status

Current Smokeless Tobacco Use are those persons who currently use at least one smokeless tobacco product (tobacco and other products are not smoked but consumed by other means --- snuff by keeping in mouth or nose, chewing tobacco, use of betel nut, quid) World Health Organization. (2008). WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual. Proportion of Current Smokeless Tobacco Users among Adults, 20 to 59 years old: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

40 30.1 30

20 Proportion (%) Proportion 10 2.3 0 Philippines Mountain Province* LL 90% 2.0 27.3 CI UL 2.7 32.8

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Alcohol Consumption Status

CURRENT Those who consumed 1 or more drinks of any DRINKERS type of alcohol in the year preceding the survey

FORMER Those who did not consume 1 or more drinks DRINKERS during the year preceding the survey

LIFETIME Those who never consumed 1 or more drinks ABSTAINERS of any type of alcohol in their entire lifetime

World Health Organization. (2015). Indicator and Measurement Registry version 1.7. Alcohol consumers, past 12 months World Health Organization. (2015). Global Health Observatory (GHO) Data. Abstainers, past 12 months. BINGE DRINKING or the harmful use of alcohol means excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages in a single occasion, specifically the intake of… drinking 5 or more standard drinks in a row for men or drinking of 4 or more standard drinks in a row for women among those who reported drinking alcoholic beverages in the past 30 days. National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (2004). NIAAA council approves definition of binge drinking. Binge Drinking° among currently drinking ADULTS, 20-59 years old, in the past 30 days by age group and sex: Philippines, 2018

70 70 64.4 60 55.7 55.2 57.1 54.7 55.6 60 50 50 40 40 31.0 30 30

20 20 Proportion (%) Proportion

10 (%) Proportion 10 0 0 ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male* Female ° Drinking 5 or more standard drinks in a row for men * significantly different at 5% level of significance or 4 or more standard drinks in a row for women Proportion of Binge Drinkers among currently drinking Adults, 20-59 years old, in the past 30 days: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

80 64.3 60 55.7

20 Proportion (%) Proportion

0 Philippines Mountain Province* LL 53.3 59.4 90% CI UL 58.1 69.2

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Proportion of Binge Drinkers among currently drinking Adults, 20-59 years old, in the past 30 days by age group, sex, and wealth status: Mountain Province, 2018

80 80 80 70.8 69.8 66.7 70 64.3 65.3 62.8 70 70 62.7 60 56.2 60 60 50 50 50 40 40 40 30.2

30 30 30 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 20 20 20 10 10 10 0 0 0 ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male* Female Poor Non-Poor * significantly different at 10% level of significance INSUFFICIENT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

A person not meeting any of the following criteria is considered being physically inactive or insufficiently physically active:

- 75 minutes (3 or more days) of vigorous-intensity physical activity (e.g. running) per week or - 150 minutes (5 or more days) of moderate-intensity physical activity per week (or walking of at least 30 minutes per day) or - an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity achieving at least 600 Metabolic Equivalents-minutes per week

- World Health Organization. (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Physical Inactivity° among ADULTS, 20-59 years old, by age group and sex: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018

70 2015 2018 70 2015 2018 60 60 51.6 50 45.0 45.7 50 46.6 40.7 40.6 40.2 40.3 37.3 37.0 38.9 37.8 40 40 32.9 28.0 30 30

20 20

Proportion (%) Proportion Proportion (%) Proportion 10 10 2015 2018 0 0 ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male Female

° A person not meeting any of the following criteria: . 75 mins of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week (≥ 3 days of vigorous-intensity activity of at least 20 mins per day) OR . 150 mins of moderate-intensity physical activity per week (≥ 5 days of moderate-intensity activity or walking of at least 30 mins per day) OR . an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity achieving at least 600 MET-minutes per week - World Health Organization (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Proportion of Physically Inactive Adults, 20 to 59 years old: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

60 50 40.6 40 30.2 30

20 Proportion (%) Proportion 10 0 Philippines Mountain Province* LL 38.1 27.3 90% CI UL 43.1 33.2

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Physical Inactivity° among Adults, 20-59 years old, by age group, sex, and wealth status: Mountain Province, 2018

80 80 80 70 70 70 60 60 60 50 50 50 38.6 40 40 35.6 40 30.2 29.3 28.6 30.8

30 24.7 25.6 30 23.7 30 Proportion (%) Proportion 20 20 20 10 10 10 0 0 0 ALL 20-29 y 30-39 y 40-49 y 50-59 y Male Female * Poor Non-Poor * significantly different at 10% level of significance ° A person not meeting any of the following criteria: . 75 mins of vigorous-intensity physical activity per week (≥ 3 days of vigorous-intensity activity of at least 20 mins per day) OR . 150 mins of moderate-intensity physical activity per week (≥ 5 days of moderate-intensity activity or walking of at least 30 mins per day) OR . an equivalent combination of moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity achieving at least 600 MET-minutes per week

- World Health Organization (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Summary (Mountain Province)  Chronic energy deficiency is significantly lower than the Philippine estimate.  Overweight is significantly higher than the national estimate, while obesity is significantly higher among female adults and those living in non-poor households.  High WC is significantly lower than the national estimate, while high WHR is slightly higher than the national estimate and this is not statistically significant.  Anemia is of “low to mild” public health significance.  Elevated blood pressure is significantly higher among male than female adults. Summary (Mountain Province)  High fasting blood sugar is significantly lower than the national prevalence.  Current smoking is significantly lower than the national proportion. While the proportion of current smokeless tobacco users (30.1%) was significantly higher than the national estimate.  Binge drinking among currently drinking adults in the past 30 days was significantly higher than the national estimate and more males than female adults were engaged in binge drinking.  Physical inactivity was significantly lower than the national proportion, though more evident among female adults. Health and Nutritional Status of Filipino Elderly Mountain Province Nutritional Status of the Elderly, 60 years old and above: Philippines, 2018 50 2015 2018 40

30 24.7 21.3 20 17.2

13.4 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 10 4.8 6.3

0 Chronic Energy Deficient * Overweight * Obese * * significantly different at 5% level of significance Chronic Energy Deficiency among Elderly, 60 years old and above: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

20 13.4

10 7.1 Proportion (%) Proportion

0 Philippines Mountain Province* LL 12.9 4.8 90% CI UL 14.0 9.4

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Elderly, 60 years old and above: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

50 PHILIPPINES 50 MOUNTAIN PROVINCE 40 40 30 24.7 30 24.3 20 20

10 6.3 10 5.6

Prevalence (%) Prevalence Prevalence (%) Prevalence 0 0 Overweight Obese Overweight Obese

LL 23.9 5.9 LL 20.1 3.6 90% CI 90% CI UL 25.5 6.8 UL 28.5 7.6 High Waist Circumference among Elderly MALES, 60 years old and above, by age group and place of residence: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018

10 10 2015 2018 2015 2018 7.5 8 8

6 4.8 5.0 4.9 6 4.7 3.5 4 3.3 2.9 4 2.7 2.7 2.1 Prevalence Prevalence (%) 2 0.9 2 2015 2018 0 0 ALL 60-69 y 70-79 y 80 y & over Rural Urban *

* significantly different at 5% level of significance High Waist Circumference among Elderly FEMALES, 60 years old and above, by age group, and place of residence: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018

40 2015 2018 40 2015 2018 34.5

30 27.9 30 28.2 24.2 25.8 22.2 23.8 21.6 20.0 20.6 20 15.8 20 16.1

10 Prevalence Prevalence (%) 10 2015 2018 0 0 ALL * 60-69 y 70-79 y 80 y & above Rural * Urban* * significantly different at 5% level of significance High Waist-Hip Ratio among Elderly MALES, 60 years old and above, by age group and place of residence: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018

30 30 2015 2018 2015 2018 25 25 21.9 20 20 15.9 16.4 16.0 16.6 13.5 15 15 12.8 11.9 11.4 Proportion (%) 9.5 9.4 10 8.7 10

5 5 2015 2018 0 0 ALL 60-69 y 70-79 y 80y & over Rural Urban High Waist-Hip Ratio among Elderly FEMALES, 60 years old and above, by age group and place of residence: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018

100 2015 2018 100 2015 2018 77.8 80 72.0 73.8 80 70.0 67.2 69.7 65.4 66.5 64.1 59.9 57.9 60 55.6 60

40 40 Proportion (%) 20 20 2015 2018 0 0 ALL* 60-69 y* 70-79 y * 80y & over* Rural * Urban*

* significantly different at 5% level of significance Prevalence of High Waist Circumference and High Waist-Hip Ratio among Elderly, 60 years old and above: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

100 PHILIPPINES 100 MOUNTAIN PROVINCE 80 80 60 47.7 60 45.6 40 40 17.8

20 20 12.1 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 0 (%) Prevalence 0 High Waist High Waist-Hip Ratio High Waist High Waist-Hip Ratio Circumference Circumference*

90% LL 17.1 46.7 90% LL 9.5 40.1 CI UL 18.6 48.6 CI UL 14.8 51.2

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Anemia among Elderly, 60 years old and above, by sex, place of residence, and wealth status: Philippines, 2013 vs 2018

30 2013 2018 30 2018 23.0 23.3 25 20.8 25 21.7 20.2 19.1 17.8 18.3 20 20 15 15 10 10

5 5 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 2013 2018 (%) Prevalence 0 0 ALL Male Female Rural Urban

30 24.1 2018 25 21.1 21.8 16.8 17.4 20 15 10

5 Prevalence (%) Prevalence 0 Poorest Poor Middle Rich Richest Prevalence of Anemia among Elderly, 60 years old and above: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

30 20.2 20

Proportion (%) Proportion 10 6.5

0 Philippines Mountain Province * LL 17.7 2.3 90% CI UL 22.8 10.7

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Percent distribution of UIE values among the Elderly, 60 years old and above: Philippines, 2013 vs 2018

50 2013 2018 Median UIE = 80 μg/L Median UIE = 108 μg/L Prev <50 μg/L = 33.8% Prev <50 μg/L = 23.8% 2013 2018 40 30.4 30 27.6 24.0 23.8

20 18.8 15.0 15.5

Percentage (%) Percentage 12.9 7.8 8.9 9.6 10 5.8

0 <20 μg/L 20-49 μg/L 50-99 μg/L 100-199 μg/L 200-299 μg/L ≥300 μg/L Median UIE° and Percent UIE below 50 μg/L among Elderly, 60 years old and above: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

200 60

50 g/L)

μ 35.3 150 108.0 40 100 79.0 30 23.3 20 50 10

Percentage (%) Percentage 0

Median UIE ( UIE Median 0 Philippines Mountain Philippines Mountain Province* Province* LL 105.2 64.2 LL 90% 90% 20.4 28.4 CI CI UL 110.3 93.6 UL 26.3 42.1

°Iodine Intake based on median UIE * significantly different at 10% level of significance <100 μg/L – Insufficient 100-199 μg/L – Adequate 200-299 μg/L – More than adequate 300 μg/L and up – Excessive Elevated Blood Pressure° among the ELDERLY, 60 years old and above, by age group and sex: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018

50 2015 2018 50 2015 2018 41.2 40.6 42.7 40.6 40.8 41.5 40 37.1 36.8 40 36.8 35.0 33.8 33.6 30 30

20 20 Prevalence (%) Prevalence

10 (%) Prevalence 10 2015 2018 0 0 ALL * 60-69 y * 70-79 y * 80y & over Male* Female * ° Based on a single-visit blood pressure measurement, systolic blood pressure * significantly different at 5% level of significance of 140 mmHg or higher and/or a diastolic pressure of 90 mmHg or higher - 7th Joint National Committee on detection and treatment of high blood pressure (JNC VII, 2004) High Fasting Blood Sugar among the ELDERLY, 60 years old and above, by age group and sex: Philippines, 2013 vs 2018

20 20 2013 2018 2013 2018 15.3 15 13.8 15 13.8 13.9 12.5 11.8 11.0 10.6 11.4 10 9.2 10 6.4

Prevalence (%) Prevalence 5.9

5 (%) Prevalence 5

2013 2018 0 0 ALL 60-69 y 70-79 y 80y & above Male Female Prevalence of Elevated Blood Pressure and High Fasting Blood Sugar among Elderly, 60 years old and above: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

50 PHILIPPINES 50 MOUNTAIN PROVINCE

40 35.0 40 37.4

30 30 20 13.8 20 7.9

10 (%) Prevalence Prevalence (%) Prevalence 10

0 0 Elevated Blood High Fasting Blood Elevated Blood High Fasting Blood Pressure Sugar Pressure Sugar* 90% LL 33.7 12.2 90% LL 32.7 4.6 CI UL 36.2 15.5 CI UL 42.2 11.1

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Smoking Status

Current Smokers are those who either smoke on a “daily” basis (at least one cigarette a day) or on a regular/occasional basis (at least weekly or less often than weekly)

World Health Organization. (2008). WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual. Current Smoking° among the ELDERLY, 60 years old and above, by age group and sex: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018 50 50 2015 2018 2015 2018 40 40 32.0 30 30 28.2 21.2 19.2 18.8 20 16.3 17.0 20

Proportion (%) Proportion 12.6 11.8 9.0 9.4

10 (%) Proportion 10 7.5 2015 2018 0 0 ALL* 60-69y 70-79 y* 80y & over Male Female ° Are those who either smoke on a “daily” basis (at least one cigarette a day) * significantly different at or on a regular/occasional basis (at least weekly or less often than weekly) 5% level of significance - World Health Organization (2008). WHO STEPS Surveillance Manual. Alcohol Consumption Status

CURRENT Those who consumed 1 or more drinks of any DRINKERS type of alcohol in the year preceding the survey

FORMER Those who did not consume 1 or more drinks DRINKERS during the year preceding the survey

LIFETIME Those who never consumed 1 or more drinks ABSTAINERS of any type of alcohol in their entire lifetime

World Health Organization. (2015). Indicator and Measurement Registry version 1.7. Alcohol consumers, past 12 months World Health Organization. (2015). Global Health Observatory (GHO) Data. Abstainers, past 12 months. Current Alcohol Drinking among the ELDERLY, 60 years old and above, by age group and sex: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018

70 70 2015 2018 2015 2018 60 60 48.5 48.6 50 50

40 33.8 40 28.2 32.2 30 27.8 30

21.7 20.4 (%) Proportion Proportion (%) Proportion 20 15.5 20 13.0 10.4 12.0 10 10 2015 2018 0 0 ALL 60-69 y 70-79 y 80y & over Male Female INSUFFICIENT PHYSICAL ACTIVITY

A person not meeting any of the following criteria is considered being physically inactive or insufficiently physically active:

- World Health Organization. (2010). Global recommendations on physical activity for health. Physical Inactivity among the ELDERLY, 60 years old and above, by age group and sex: Philippines, 2015 vs 2018

80 77.6 80 2015 2018 70.6 2015 2018 61.8 59.9 56.6 60 52.6 50.6 60 55.0 45.1 45.4 42.9 44.7

40 40

Proportion (%) Proportion Proportion (%) Proportion 20 20

2015 2018 0 0 ALL 60-69 y 70-79 y 80y & over Male Female Proportion of Current Smokers, Current Smokeless Tobacco Users, Current Alcohol Drinkers, and Physically Inactive Elderly, 60 years old and above: Philippines and Mountain Province, 2018

80 PHILIPPINES 80 MOUNTAIN PROVINCE

60 50.6 60 39.9 40 28.2 40 30.0 16.3 17.4

20 20 11.9 Proportion (%) Proportion 3.6 (%) Proportion 0 0 Current Current Current Physically Current Current Current Physically Smokers Smokeless Alcohol Inactive Smokers * Smokeless Alcohol Inactive * Tobacco Users Drinkers Tobacco Users* Drinkers 90% LL 15.5 3.2 25.8 48.5 90% LL 10.2 14.7 26.1 36.0 CI UL 17.1 4.0 30.5 52.7 CI UL 13.7 20.1 34.0 43.9

* significantly different at 10% level of significance Summary (Mountain Province)  Chronic energy deficiency is significantly lower compared with the national estimate.  Overweight and obesity are nearly the same with the national estimate.  High WC is significantly lower than the national estimate, while high WHR is slightly lower than the national prevalence, though the difference is not significant.  Anemia is of “low to mild” public health significance.  Iodine intake was insufficient and the proportion of the elderly with percent UIE below 50 mcg/L was 35.3%. Summary (Mountain Province)  About 1 in every 3 elderly (37.4%) had elevated blood pressure.  High fasting blood sugar is significantly lower than the national prevalence.  Current smoking was significantly lower than the national proportion. But current smokeless tobacco users (17.4%) was significantly higher.  About 3 in every 10 elderly (30.0%) are engaged in current alcohol drinking.  Physical inactivity is significantly lower than the national estimate.